Floating mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of intelligent machining of a body in white, in particular to a floating mechanism which comprises a main body, an upper sliding groove is formed in the upper portion of the main body, a lower sliding groove is formed in the lower portion of the main body, the upper sliding groove and the lower sliding groove are arranged in a cross shape, a T-shaped upper connecting plate is buckled on the top of the main body, and a vertical portion of the upper connecting plate is slidably connected into the upper sliding groove. A T-shaped lower connecting plate is buckled at the bottom of the body, the vertical portion of the lower connecting plate is slidably connected into the lower sliding groove, an X-direction limiting end plate is arranged on the upper portion of the body, an X-direction floating piece is connected between the X-direction limiting end plate and the upper connecting plate, a Y-direction limiting end plate is arranged on the lower portion of the body, and a Y-direction floating piece is connected between the Y-direction limiting end plate and the lower connecting plate. According to the utility model, the problems of poor integration and incompact structure in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of intelligent processing of body-in-white, and in particular to a floating mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The automated assembly of body-in-white (BIW) vehicles requires a bolt tightening gun, which is driven by a robot to adjust its processing position and tighten bolts at different locations on the workpiece. In practice, the tightening gun may experience slight oscillations during the tightening process due to minor positional deviations in the threaded hole, misalignment of the tightening gun with the bolt head, motor vibration, and uneven torque transmission. This not only accelerates wear on the tightening gun components and shortens its service life, but can also prevent the bolt from achieving the required preload and even damage the threads. In extreme cases, it can even cause the bolt to break, leading to serious safety incidents.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, the inventors propose adding a floating mechanism between the robot and the tightening gun. This floating mechanism allows the tightening gun to move freely within a small range, ensuring accurate alignment with the bolt head. It also absorbs vibrations generated by the tightening gun during tightening, reducing the risk of damage to the workpiece during tightening and increasing the service life of the tightening gun. During the research and development process, the inventors discovered a prior art floating device for automatic tightening (Publication No. CN211414285U; Application Date: 2019-12-30). The device comprises a fixed base plate and a top mounting plate, with an intermediate connecting plate disposed between the fixed base plate and the top mounting plate. Two sets of upper cross roller guides are disposed between the top mounting plate and the intermediate connecting plate, and two sets of lower cross roller guides are disposed between the intermediate connecting plate and the fixed base plate. The front end of the intermediate connecting plate is connected to a front elastic assembly, and the rear end of the intermediate connecting plate is connected to a rear elastic assembly. The upper ends of both the front and rear elastic assemblies are connected to the top mounting plate. The left side of the front elastic assembly is connected to a left limit assembly, and the right side of the front elastic assembly is connected to a right limit assembly. The above technical solution enables the tightening shaft to float within a certain radial range, solving the problems of difficulty in identifying the bolt and inaccurate tightening data caused by the non-concentricity between the tightening shaft and the bolt hole. However, the existing technology still has the following problems:

[0004] 1. The existing technology uses a top mounting plate, an intermediate connecting plate, and a bottom mounting plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom, with these plates slidingly connected via roller guides. This design relies on two sets of external springs to provide floating and restoring forces, resulting in poor overall structural integrity, a non-compact structure, and a large size. In practical applications, especially in confined spaces, the large size of this structure limits its flexibility and applicability.

[0005] 2. During long-term use, external springs are prone to rust and, due to being exposed to the outside, are easily contaminated by dust and impurities, causing them to become stuck. These problems seriously reduce the service life of the springs, increase the frequency of spring replacement, and thus increase equipment maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a floating mechanism to solve the problems of poor integration and non-compact structure in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A floating mechanism includes a main body, an upper slide groove is opened on the upper part of the main body, and a lower slide groove is opened on the lower part of the main body, the upper slide groove and the lower slide groove are arranged in a cross shape, a T-shaped upper connecting plate is buckled on the top of the main body, the vertical part of the upper connecting plate is slidably connected in the upper slide groove, a T-shaped lower connecting plate is buckled on the bottom of the main body, the vertical part of the lower connecting plate is slidably connected in the lower slide groove, an X-direction limiting end plate is provided on the upper part of the main body, an X-direction floating part is connected between the X-direction limiting end plate and the upper connecting plate, a Y-direction limiting end plate is provided on the lower part of the main body, and a Y-direction floating part is connected between the Y-direction limiting end plate and the lower connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, an X-direction guide assembly for guiding the upper connecting plate is provided on the main body, and a Y-direction guide assembly for guiding the lower connecting plate is also provided on the main body.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the X-direction guide assembly includes an X-guide shaft, which passes vertically through the vertical portion of the upper connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate; the Y-direction guide assembly includes a Y-guide shaft, which passes vertically through the vertical portion of the lower connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, an upper limit groove is opened on the X guide shaft, and the upper connecting plate is connected to the upper limit groove; a lower limit groove is opened on the Y guide shaft, and the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower limit groove.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, there are two X guide axes and two Y guide axes, the X-direction floating member is arranged between the two X guide axes, and the Y-direction floating member is arranged between the two Y guide axes.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, one end of the X-direction floating member is fixedly connected to the X-direction limit end plate and the other end is abutted against the upper connecting plate, and one end of the Y-direction floating member is fixedly connected to the Y-direction limit end plate and the other end is abutted against the lower connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, bushings are provided between the X guide shaft and the main body, and between the Y guide shaft and the main body.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the bushing is detachably installed in the main body.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, both the X-direction floating member and the Y-direction floating member are elastic plungers.

[0017] The principles and beneficial effects of this program are:

[0018] 1. This solution forms a whole by fastening the upper and lower connecting plates to the main body through a sliding groove provided on the main body. Holes are then opened on the main body to insert the X-guide shaft and the Y-guide shaft to guide the upper and lower connecting plates, respectively. The X- and Y-direction floating parts are also integrated into the main body. This design makes the overall structure of this solution very compact, highly integrated, and compact. The compact design effectively improves its flexibility and versatility, allowing it to be used flexibly even in confined spaces. In addition, due to its compact structure and good integration, the structural strength of this solution is also fully guaranteed.

[0019] 2. This solution uses an elastic plunger to provide both floating and restoring force, resulting in higher floating precision compared to springs. Furthermore, integrating the elastic plunger into the main body not only improves overall compactness and integration, but also effectively avoids problems such as sticking and rapid corrosion caused by the exposed elastic plunger, effectively extending the service life of the component.

[0020] 3. The upper limit slot constrains the vertical portion of the upper connecting plate, connecting the upper connecting plate and the X-guide shaft as a single unit. When the upper connecting plate reciprocates perpendicular to the inner wall of the upper slide, the X-direction floating member repeatedly compresses and resets, causing the tightening gun to float in the X direction, enabling fine-tuning of the tightening gun in the X direction. Similarly, the lower connecting plate, Y-direction floating member, and Y-guide shaft allow the tightening gun to float in the Y direction, thus enabling automatic fine-tuning of the tightening gun in the X and Y directions.

[0021] 4. Two X-guide axes and Y-guide axes are set on both sides of the X-direction floating part and the Y-direction floating part respectively. This not only improves the guiding accuracy and effect, but this symmetrical design also makes the structure more compact, the force more balanced, and the overall structural strength higher.

[0022] 5. Bushings are installed between the main body and the X and Y guide shafts to reduce friction and wear between the guide shafts and the main body, improving the durability and precision of the equipment. The bushings are removable for easy maintenance and replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0026] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: main body 1, upper slide groove 11, lower slide groove 12, upper connecting plate 2, connecting hole 21, lower connecting plate 3, X-guide shaft 4, bushing 41, upper limit groove 42, X-direction floating part 5, outer shell 51, plunger rod 52, X-direction limit end plate 6, Y-guide shaft 7, Y-direction floating part 8, and Y-direction limit end plate 9.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a floating mechanism is generally cube-shaped and compact in structure. Specifically, it comprises a main body 1, a T-shaped upper connecting plate 2, and a T-shaped lower connecting plate 3. An upper slide groove 11 is provided on the upper portion of the main body 1, and a lower slide groove 12 is provided on the lower portion of the main body 1. The upper slide groove 11 and the lower slide groove 12 are arranged in a cross shape. The vertical portion of the upper connecting plate 2 is buckled into the upper slide groove 11, and the horizontal portion is in contact with the top of the main body 1. The vertical portion of the lower connecting plate 3 is buckled into the lower slide groove 12, and the horizontal portion is in contact with the bottom of the main body 1. Two X-guide shafts 4 are provided on the upper portion of the main body 1. A bushing 41 is connected between the X-guide shaft 4 and the main body 1. The bushing 41 is interference-fitted on the main body 1. An upper limit groove 42 is provided in the middle of the two X-guide shafts 4. The two X-guide shafts 4 pass through the vertical portion of the upper connecting plate 2, and the vertical portion of the upper connecting plate 2 is connected to the upper limit groove 42. An X-direction floating member 5 is also provided on the main body 1 on either side of the upper chute 11. The X-direction floating member 5 is located between the two X-guide shafts 4. The X-direction floating member 5 utilizes an elastic plunger comprising a housing 51, a plunger rod 52 slidably connected within the housing 51, and a spring (not shown) connected between the plunger rod 52 and the housing 51. The housing 51 of the X-direction floating member 5 is interference-fitted within the main body 1. An X-direction limit end plate 6 is bolted to the outside of the main body 1. The end of the housing 51 of the X-direction floating member 5 is bolted to the X-direction limit end plate 6. The plunger rod 52 of the X-direction floating member 5 extends into the upper chute 11 and is capable of abutting against the vertical portion of the upper connecting plate 2.

[0029] Two Y-guide shafts 7 are inserted through the lower portion of the main body 1. Bushings 41 are also connected between the Y-guide shafts 7 and the main body 1. Bushings 41 are interference-fitted to the main body 1. Lower limit slots (not shown) are defined in the middle of each Y-guide shaft 7. Both Y-guide shafts 7 pass through the vertical portion of the lower connecting plate 3, and the vertical portion of the lower connecting plate 3 is connected to the lower limit slots. A Y-direction floating member 8 is also inserted through the main body 1 on either side of the lower groove 12. The Y-direction floating member 8 is located between the two Y-guide shafts 7. The Y-direction floating member 8 also utilizes an elastic plunger. The outer shell 51 of the Y-direction floating member 8 is interference-fitted to the main body 1. A Y-direction limit end plate 9 is bolted to the outside of the main body 1. The end of the outer shell 51 of the Y-direction floating member 8 is bolted to the Y-direction limit end plate 9. The plunger rod 52 of the Y-direction floating member 8 extends into the lower groove 12 and can abut against the vertical portion of the lower connecting plate 3. A plurality of connection holes 21 are provided on both the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 3 for external components.

[0030] The working principle of a floating mechanism is:

[0031] Bolts are used to securely connect the upper connecting plate 2 to the robot through connection holes 21 in the upper connecting plate 2, and to connect the lower connecting plate 3 to the tightening gun. Because the lower connecting plate 3 is secured to the Y-guide shaft 7 via lower limit slots and abuts against the Y-direction floating member 8 on both sides, when the tightening gun swings leftward during tightening, the lower connecting plate 3 can follow the Y-guide shaft 7 in this direction, compressing the spring of the Y-direction floating member 8 on the left side and extending the spring of the Y-direction floating member 8 on the right side. Conversely, when the tightening gun swings rightward, the lower connecting plate 3 is reset by the Y-direction floating member 8, thereby allowing the tightening gun to float in the Y direction. Similarly, when the tightening gun swings forward and backward during tightening, the lower connecting plate 3 cannot swing, and the lower connecting plate 3, the main body 1, the Y-guide shaft 7, the upper connecting plate 2, and so on, as a whole, float in the X direction following the X-guide shaft 4.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the bushing 41 is threadedly connected to the main body 1, and the threaded connection of the bushing 41 is convenient for replacement.

[0034] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and the commonly known specific technical solutions and / or features of the solution are not described in detail here. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A floating mechanism, characterized in that: The cam is provided with a plurality of movable members, and the movable members are connected to each other in a plurality of ways, and the movable members are connected to each other in a plurality of ways. The movable members are connected to each other in a plurality of ways, and the movable members are connected to each other in a plurality of ways.

2. A floating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body is provided with an X-direction guide component for guiding the upper connecting plate, and the main body is also provided with a Y-direction guide component for guiding the lower connecting plate.

3. A floating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The X-direction guide assembly includes an X-guide shaft, which passes vertically through the vertical portion of the upper connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate; the Y-direction guide assembly includes a Y-guide shaft, which passes vertically through the vertical portion of the lower connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate.

4. A floating mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: An upper limit slot is opened on the X guide shaft, and the upper connecting plate is connected in the upper limit slot; a lower limit slot is opened on the Y guide shaft, and the lower connecting plate is connected in the lower limit slot.

5. A floating mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two X guide axes and two Y guide axes, the X-direction floating member is arranged between the two X guide axes, and the Y-direction floating member is arranged between the two Y guide axes.

6. A floating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the X-direction floating member is fixedly connected to the X-direction limit end plate, and the other end is against the upper connecting plate. One end of the Y-direction floating member is fixedly connected to the Y-direction limit end plate, and the other end is against the lower connecting plate.

7. A floating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: Bushings are provided between the X guide shaft and the main body, and between the Y guide shaft and the main body.

8. A floating mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bushing is detachably installed in the main body.

9. A floating mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The X-direction floating part and the Y-direction floating part are both elastic plungers.

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