Passive Internet of Things system

Abstract

The utility model provides a passive internet-of-things system, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and the passive internet-of-things system specifically comprises a radio frequency unit; a baseband unit; and the expansion unit comprises a first interface and a second interface, the first interface of the expansion unit is connected with the radio frequency unit, and the second interface of the expansion unit is connected with the baseband unit. According to the embodiment of the invention, the problem that the communication distance of the radio frequency identification technology is seriously limited can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a passive Internet of Things system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology within passive IoT involves a reader sending radio frequency signals, which are then collected by the tag to activate a chip. Data is then transmitted through reverse wireless signal reflection. However, RFID technology typically utilizes a co-frequency transceiver architecture, which is subject to significant self-interference and mutual interference, severely limiting communication distance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a passive IoT system to solve the problem of severe limited communication distance of radio frequency identification technology.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a passive IoT system, including:

[0006] Radio frequency unit;

[0007] Baseband unit;

[0008] The extension unit includes a first interface and a second interface, the first interface of the extension unit is connected to the radio frequency unit, and the second interface of the extension unit is connected to the baseband unit.

[0009] Optionally, the baseband unit is provided with a third interface, a backplane, at least one first board card and at least one second board card, the first end of the third interface is connected to the network management, the second end of the third interface is connected to the first end of the backplane, the second end of the backplane is connected to the first board card, the second end of the backplane is connected to the second board card, and the first board card and the second board card are both connected to the expansion unit.

[0010] Optionally, the first board includes a first central processing unit connected to the backplane and at least one fourth interface, and the fourth interface is connected to the expansion unit;

[0011] The second board includes a second central processing unit connected to the backplane, a field programmable gate array, and at least one fifth interface, and the fifth interface is connected to the expansion unit.

[0012] Optionally, the baseband unit is provided with a first board card and a second board card, the first end of the second board card is connected to the expansion unit, the second end of the second board card is connected to the first end of the first board card, and the second end of the first board card is connected to the network management.

[0013] Optionally, the radio frequency unit includes a packaging module, the baseband unit includes a decapsulation module, and the decapsulation module is set in the first board.

[0014] Optionally, the passive Internet of Things system further includes a terminal device, the input end of the radio frequency unit is connected to the output end of the terminal device, and / or the output end of the radio frequency unit is connected to the input end of the terminal device.

[0015] Optionally, the RF unit is further configured with a first switch and a second switch, one end of the first switch is connected to the input end of the RF unit, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the output end of the terminal device, one end of the second switch is connected to the output end of the RF unit, and the other end of the second switch is connected to the input end of the terminal device.

[0016] Optionally, the RF unit includes a first RF unit and a second RF unit, the output end of the first RF unit is connected to the input end of the terminal device, and the input end of the second RF unit is connected to the output end of the terminal device.

[0017] Optionally, the passive IoT system further includes an auxiliary node, one end of the auxiliary node is connected to the first radio frequency unit, and the other end of the auxiliary node is connected to the terminal device.

[0018] Optionally, the auxiliary node is set within a preset range from the location of the terminal device.

[0019] In the embodiments of the present application, the passive IoT system adopts a three-level architecture consisting of a radio frequency unit, an expansion unit, and a baseband unit. The expansion unit is provided with a first interface and a second interface, which are connected to the radio frequency unit and the baseband unit, respectively. Thus, by closely integrating communication with passive IoT technology through the three-level architecture, the severity of communication distance limitations can be reduced, breaking through the limitations of traditional IoT systems in data transmission efficiency and coverage, and enhancing the overall performance of the system and the diversity of application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of a passive Internet of Things system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 One of the structural diagrams of the baseband unit;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The second structural diagram of the baseband unit;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of a passive Internet of Things system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the third structural diagram of a passive Internet of Things system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a fourth structural diagram of a passive Internet of Things system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 This is the fifth structural diagram of a passive Internet of Things system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 This is the sixth structural diagram of a passive Internet of Things system in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of a passive Internet of Things system in an embodiment of the present application, and the passive Internet of Things system specifically includes:

[0031] Radio frequency unit 10;

[0032] Baseband unit 20;

[0033] The extension unit 30 includes a first interface and a second interface. The first interface of the extension unit is connected to the radio frequency unit 10 , and the second interface of the extension unit 30 is connected to the baseband unit 20 .

[0034] It is worth mentioning that the RF unit 10 is responsible for generating and receiving RF signals. The RF unit 10 can be used for signal conversion, can convert baseband signals into RF signals for wireless transmission, and can also receive RF signals from other devices for demodulation and processing.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present application, the baseband unit 20 can implement functions such as encoding and decoding in an existing passive IoT module, and can also implement baseband processing capabilities in an existing communication module. Specifically, the baseband unit 20 can be responsible for signal processing and control logic, and can directly obtain the original signal from the sensor or other data source, and can transmit it through a wireless channel after modulation. The baseband unit 20 also demodulates the received RF signal into a baseband signal, and performs data processing and analysis. In addition, the baseband unit 20 can be provided with a microcontroller or processor for executing various algorithms and control instructions, such as uplink communication instructions or downlink communication instructions. As for the extension unit 30, it can be set between the RF unit 10 and the baseband unit 20 to ensure that the data between the RF unit 10 and the baseband unit 20 can be transmitted efficiently and stably.

[0036] Therefore, the passive IoT system in the embodiment of the present application adopts a three-level architecture design. The coordinated operation of the radio frequency unit 10 and the baseband unit 20 enables efficient data transmission, making it suitable for large-scale IoT applications and breaking through the limitations of traditional IoT systems in data transmission efficiency and coverage. The design of the expansion unit 30 also enables the system to flexibly connect to different types of sensors and devices, supporting multiple communication protocols and facilitating future expansion and upgrades.

[0037] Optionally, the baseband unit 20 is provided with a third interface 21, a backplane 22, at least one first board card 23 and at least one second board card 24, the first end of the third interface is connected to the network management, the second end of the third interface is connected to the first end of the backplane, the second end of the backplane is connected to the first board card, the second end of the backplane is connected to the second board card, and the first board card and the second board card are both connected to the expansion unit.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the baseband unit 20 can be provided with a plurality of first boards 23 and a plurality of second boards 24, wherein the first boards 23 are used to perform at least one of an encoding operation and a decoding operation on the radio frequency signal transmitted by the extension unit 30, and the second boards 24 are used to process the communication signal transmitted by the extension unit 30.

[0039] Specifically, the baseband unit 20 may also include a backplane 22, which serves as a medium for signal aggregation and transmission. The backplane 22 may be provided between the third interface 21 and the first board 23, and between the third interface 21 and the second board 24, to facilitate signal transmission. The backplane 22 is used to aggregate RF signals and processed communication signals after encoding or decoding operations, and transmit the RF signals and processed communication signals to the third interface 21. Subsequently, the third interface 21 is used to transmit the RF signals and processed communication signals to the network management system.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the baseband unit 20 can be used in a base station device that can process radio frequency signals from user equipment and communication signals from the core network. The first board 23 can use advanced signal processing algorithms to encode the radio frequency signals sent by the user equipment in real time to improve the transmission efficiency of the signal. The second board 24 can be responsible for decoding the control signal from the core network and converting it into a format that the base station can understand. In another specific embodiment of the present application, the baseband unit 20 can process signals from a satellite, wherein the first board 23 can decode the radio frequency signal sent by the satellite to extract valid data, and the second board 24 can process the communication signal sent by the ground station to ensure that it can be effectively transmitted to the satellite.

[0041] Thus, the embodiment of the present application, by providing multiple first boards 23 and second boards 24, allows the baseband unit 20 to be flexibly configured according to actual needs to adapt to different communication scenarios. The design of the backplane 22 can make signal convergence and transmission more efficient, reduce signal latency, and improve the overall performance of the passive Internet of Things system. As a result, the independent design and clear division of labor of each board in the embodiment of the present application can make system maintenance and upgrades more convenient, and the baseband unit 20 can process multiple signals simultaneously, improving the system's processing power and reliability.

[0042] Optionally, the first board 23 includes a first central processor 231 connected to the backplane 22 and at least one fourth interface 232 , wherein the fourth interface 232 is connected to the expansion unit 30 ;

[0043] The second board 24 includes a second central processing unit 241 connected to the backplane 22 , a field programmable gate array, and at least one fifth interface 242 . The fifth interface 242 is connected to the expansion unit 30 .

[0044] In the embodiments of this application, Figure 3As shown, the fourth interface 232 can be used to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the extension unit 30 and transmit the radio frequency signal to the first central processor 231. The first central processor 231 can perform encoding or decoding operations on the radio frequency signal transmitted by the fourth interface 232.

[0045] The second board is configured similarly to the first board. A second central processing unit 241 and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) can be provided in the second board, and multiple fifth interfaces 242 can be provided. The fifth interface 242 can receive communication signals sent by the expansion unit 30 and transmit the communication signals to the second central processing unit 241 and the FPGA. The second central processing unit 241 and the FPGA can then process the communication signals transmitted by the fifth interface 242. It is understood that multiple fourth interfaces 232 and fifth interfaces 242 can be provided, each connecting to multiple expansion units 30.

[0046] In this way, by configuring the first board 23 and the second board 24 in the baseband unit 20 , the baseband unit 20 can have both communication processing capability and encoding and decoding capability.

[0047] Optionally, a first board card 23 and a second board card 24 are provided in the baseband unit 20, the first end of the second board card 24 is connected to the expansion unit 30, the second end of the second board card 24 is connected to the first end of the first board card 23, and the second end of the first board card 23 is connected to the network manager 40.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second board 24 can receive the RF signal and communication signal transmitted by the extension unit 30, process the communication signal, and send the RF signal and the processed communication signal to the first board 23. On this basis, the first board 23 can encode or decode the RF signal transmitted by the second board 24, and send the RF signal and the processed communication signal after the encoding and decoding operations to the network management 40.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, to reduce the number of interface optical fibers between the extension unit 30 and the baseband unit 20, the first board 23 can be used to forward passive IoT data, such as radio frequency data, thereby streamlining the number of interfaces between the extension unit 30 and the baseband unit 20. For example, the baseband unit 20 can be configured with a unified interface, with one interface provided between the first board 23 and the second board 24, and one interface provided between the second board 24 and the network management system 40, to aggregate and transmit data related to communication and passive IoT to the network management system 40.

[0050] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 10 includes an encapsulation module 11 , the baseband unit 20 includes a decapsulation module 25 , and the decapsulation module 25 is provided in the first board 23 .

[0051] In some other embodiments, see Figure 5 As shown, the encapsulation module 11 can encapsulate the RF signal received by the RF unit 10, and the decapsulation module 25 can be used to decapsulate the encapsulated RF signal. Specifically, because the passive IoT codec is different from the communication protocol, and to save the amount of optical fiber transmission, a passive IoT data encapsulation module 11 can be configured on the RF unit 10, and a passive IoT data decapsulation module 25 can be configured on the baseband unit 20.

[0052] Furthermore, the encapsulation module 11 in the RF unit 10 can encapsulate the passive IoT data header with headers such as the User Plane, Control & Management Plane, Synchronization (SYNC), Layer 1 Inband Protocol, High-level Data Link Control (HDLC), Ethernet, and Vendor Specific according to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) protocol specification. In this way, the RF unit 10 can send the encapsulated data to the extension unit 30, and the extension unit 30 can forward the passive IoT data to the first board 23, thereby implementing the decapsulation function of the passive IoT system.

[0053] Optionally, the passive IoT system further includes a terminal device 50 , the input end of the RF unit 10 is connected to the output end of the terminal device 50 , and / or the output end of the RF unit 10 is connected to the input end of the terminal device 50 .

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the passive IoT system in the embodiment of the present application further includes a terminal device 50, which can receive an excitation signal sent by the RF unit 10 and send a reflected signal to the RF unit 10. The terminal device 50 can be excited by the RF unit 10 and powered by the RF unit 10. Therefore, the RF unit 10 in the embodiment of the present application can have both receiving and transmitting capabilities. The transmitting and receiving functions can also be implemented by multiple RF units 10 separately, and the RF units 10 can be spatially isolated from each other to reduce self-interference.

[0055] Optionally, the RF unit 10 is further configured with a first switch 12 and a second switch 13, one end of the first switch 12 is connected to the input end of the RF unit 10, and the other end of the first switch 12 is connected to the output end of the terminal device 50, one end of the second switch 13 is connected to the output end of the RF unit 10, and the other end of the second switch 13 is connected to the input end of the terminal device 50.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, a first switch 12 and a second switch 13 may also be provided in the radio frequency unit 10. The first switch 12 may control the opening and closing of the uplink passive IoT link, and the second switch may control the opening and closing of the downlink passive IoT link.

[0057] It should be understood that the uplink passive IoT link in the embodiment of the present application can be a data transmission link for the terminal device 50 to send data to the passive IoT system, and the downlink passive IoT link can be another data transmission link for the radio frequency unit 10 in the passive IoT system to send signals to the terminal device 50. Therefore, the downlink passive IoT link or the uplink passive IoT link can be enabled or disabled by setting the first switch 12 and the second switch 13 in the embodiment of the present application, meeting the various business and scenario requirements of the passive IoT system.

[0058] Optionally, the RF unit 10 includes a first RF unit 14 and a second RF unit 15 , the output end of the first RF unit 14 is connected to the input end of the terminal device 50 , and the input end of the second RF unit 15 is connected to the output end of the terminal device 50 .

[0059] Specifically, a downlink passive IoT link can be formed between the first RF unit 14 and the terminal device, and the first RF unit 14 sends a signal to the terminal device 50 to stimulate the terminal device 50 to send the RF signal to the second RF unit 15. The second RF unit 15 can form an uplink passive IoT link with the terminal device, and the terminal device 50 sends a reflected signal to the second RF unit 15, and the second RF unit 15 is used to receive the RF signal sent by the terminal device 50.

[0060] Optionally, the passive IoT system further includes an auxiliary node 60 , one end of the auxiliary node 60 is connected to the first RF unit 14 , and the other end of the auxiliary node 60 is connected to the terminal device 50 .

[0061] Please refer to Figure 8In a specific embodiment, since the terminal device 50 in the passive Internet of Things field has a low sensitivity in receiving energy, the coverage of the power supply link is worse than that of downlink excitation and uplink reflection reception. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can design the power supply device separately as an independent auxiliary node 60, and the auxiliary node 60 can be controlled by the radio frequency unit 10 through control signaling.

[0062] Among them, the auxiliary node 60 can be used to receive control signaling sent by the downlink passive Internet of Things link (i.e., the data transmission link in which the first radio frequency unit 14 sends control signaling to the terminal device 50), and the control signaling can instruct the auxiliary node 60 to supply energy to the terminal device 50. In this way, under the function of the auxiliary node 60, the terminal device 50 can send a reflected signal to the second radio frequency unit 15 (a radio frequency unit with only a receiving function) or the first radio frequency unit 14 (a radio frequency unit with both transmitting and receiving functions). Therefore, the embodiment of the present application breaks through the limitations of traditional Internet of Things systems in data transmission efficiency and coverage, improves the application capabilities of passive Internet of Things systems in various scenarios, and enhances the application effects of passive Internet of Things systems in different scenarios.

[0063] Optionally, the auxiliary node 60 is set within a preset range from the location of the terminal device 50.

[0064] In specific implementation, Figure 8 As shown, the auxiliary node 60 can be deployed near the terminal device 50. After receiving the control signaling sent by the radio frequency unit 10, the auxiliary node 60 promptly supplies energy to the terminal device 50, thereby realizing the combination of communication function and passive Internet of Things function in the passive Internet of Things system.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0066] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0067] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A passive Internet of Things system, characterized in that: include: Radio frequency unit; Baseband unit; The extension unit includes a first interface and a second interface, the first interface of the extension unit is connected to the radio frequency unit, and the second interface of the extension unit is connected to the baseband unit.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The baseband unit is provided with a third interface, a backplane, at least one first board card and at least one second board card. The first end of the third interface is connected to the network management, the second end of the third interface is connected to the first end of the backplane, the second end of the backplane is connected to the first board card, the second end of the backplane is connected to the second board card, and the first board card and the second board card are both connected to the expansion unit.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The first board includes a first central processing unit connected to the backplane and at least one fourth interface, wherein the fourth interface is connected to the expansion unit; The second board includes a second central processing unit connected to the backplane, a field programmable gate array, and at least one fifth interface, and the fifth interface is connected to the expansion unit.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The baseband unit is provided with a first board and a second board, the first end of the second board is connected to the expansion unit, the second end of the second board is connected to the first end of the first board, and the second end of the first board is connected to the network management.

5. The system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that The radio frequency unit includes a packaging module, the baseband unit includes a decapsulation module, and the decapsulation module is arranged in the first board.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The passive IoT system further includes a terminal device, the input end of the radio frequency unit is connected to the output end of the terminal device, and / or the output end of the radio frequency unit is connected to the input end of the terminal device.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The RF unit is also configured with a first switch and a second switch, one end of the first switch is connected to the input end of the RF unit, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the output end of the terminal device, one end of the second switch is connected to the output end of the RF unit, and the other end of the second switch is connected to the input end of the terminal device.

8. The system according to claim 6, wherein: The radio frequency unit includes a first radio frequency unit and a second radio frequency unit. The output end of the first radio frequency unit is connected to the input end of the terminal device, and the input end of the second radio frequency unit is connected to the output end of the terminal device.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The passive IoT system further includes an auxiliary node, one end of which is connected to the first radio frequency unit, and the other end of which is connected to the terminal device.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that The auxiliary node is set within a preset range from the location of the terminal device.

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