Spherical material drop test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of drop test equipment, in particular to a drop test device for spherical materials, which comprises a hopper, a channel pipe and a collector, the channel pipe is a hollow pipe, the bottom end of the channel pipe is fixed on the collector, the top end of the channel pipe is fixed on the hopper, and the hopper, the channel pipe and the collector are communicated with one another. The accelerating device is arranged at one end, close to the hopper, in the channel pipe, the feeding end of the accelerating device faces the hopper, and the discharging end of the accelerating device faces the collector. The problem that the test method wastes time and labor due to too high test height is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of drop test equipment, in particular to a drop test device for spherical materials. Background Art

[0002] The neutron absorber ball drop test device is a device specially designed to evaluate the performance of neutron absorber materials. These materials are widely used in control rods or shielding systems in nuclear reactors to regulate reaction rates and ensure safety. Accurately testing the wear rate of absorber balls is crucial to ensuring the safe operation of nuclear power plants.

[0003] Neutron absorber spheres are a type of spherical material made of ceramics. To prevent premature failure of the spherical material due to wear resistance issues, the wear resistance of the spherical material needs to be tested. The general testing method is to send the spherical material to a height of at least 25m, and allow it to fall freely through a pipe into a collector below to complete a test. This test needs to be performed at least 280 times, which means that the spherical material needs to be transported to the specified height again and again and allowed to fall freely to complete the test. This testing method is either laborious and requires climbing stairs to the specified height; or it is dangerous and requires using a fixed pulley to lift the iron bucket containing the spherical material to the specified height and then dumping it into the pipe. There are cases where the spherical material leaks and falls directly to the outside. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a drop test device for spherical materials to solve the problem that the test method is time-consuming and labor-intensive due to the high test height.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a drop test device for spherical materials, comprising a hopper, a channel tube and a collector, the channel tube being a hollow tube, the bottom end of the channel tube being fixed on the collector, the top end of the channel tube being fixed on the hopper, the hopper, the channel tube and the collector being connected, and also comprising an acceleration device, the acceleration device being arranged in the channel tube near one end of the hopper, the feed end of the acceleration device facing the hopper, and the discharge end of the acceleration device facing the collector.

[0006] Conventional testing methods primarily require a spherical material to impact a collector at a specific velocity to test its wear resistance. Adding an accelerator within the channel tube increases the acceleration of the neutron spherical material at that location. Even with a test apparatus less than 1.6 meters tall, the spherical material can be accelerated to the required speed before impacting the collector, ensuring test effectiveness. This structure minimizes the test apparatus's height, resolving the time-consuming and labor-intensive nature of testing methods often associated with high test heights.

[0007] Preferably, the acceleration device includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a bracket. The bracket is fixed to the end of the channel tube near the hopper. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are rotatably mounted on the bracket. The driving wheel and the driven wheel contact each other, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate at high speed. With this solution, the spherical material is accelerated between the high-speed rotating driving wheel and the driven wheel to reach the terminal velocity of the spherical material free falling to the ground. This acceleration device improves the continuity of detection and the speed of the spherical material passing through.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are equipped with pneumatic rubber wheels on the outside. There are three advantages to using pneumatic rubber wheels. First, the rubber surface has greater friction, which provides a better grip on spherical materials with smooth surfaces. Second, the positions of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are relatively fixed, and the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel cannot be accurately controlled during installation. This will have a fatal impact on the acceleration of the spherical material. The use of rubber pneumatic wheels has a certain expansion rate, which offsets the gap and allows the driving wheel and the driven wheel to contact each other, thereby improving the wheel speed conversion rate, improving the acceleration stability of the acceleration device, and ensuring that each spherical material has the same acceleration boost. Third, the pneumatic rubber wheel has a certain amount of deformation. When grasping the spherical material, the spherical material will be embedded between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, thereby further improving the wheel speed conversion rate and improving the acceleration stability of the acceleration device.

[0009] Preferably, the accelerator further comprises a motor and a switch. The motor is fixed to one side of the driving wheel of the bracket, and the driving wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The switch is fixed to the side of the hopper, and the motor and the switch are electrically connected. The motor can increase the rotational speed of the driving wheel, effectively improving the acceleration capability of the accelerator. The switch includes a start-stop switch and a speed control switch. The speed control switch infinitely adjusts the motor speed by adjusting the voltage. When used with a speed indicator, the test speed can be quickly determined.

[0010] Furthermore, the motor speed is 2040 rpm, and the diameter of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both 200 mm. According to the law of conservation of energy, the kinematic equation v2=u2+2as is used to solve the final velocity v of the spherical material falling from a height of 25 m to the ground, where u is the initial velocity 0 and a is the acceleration 9.81 m / s. 2 , s is the displacement of 25m, so v is approximately 22m / s. The diameter of the driving wheel is 200mm and the circumference is 0.63m, which means it takes 0.63m to make one revolution. When the wheel surface speed reaches 22m / s, the speed of the driving wheel is 22 / 0.63=34r / s, and the converted speed unit rpm is 34x60=2040rpm.

[0011] Preferably, the apparatus further includes a material sorter, which is fixed between the hopper and the accelerator. The material sorter is internally provided with a receiving portion and a material sorting channel. The receiving portion is located near the hopper, and a material sorting channel with a fixed diameter of 10 mm extends from the bottom of the receiving portion toward the accelerator. The material sorter can neatly arrange spherical materials so that they are accelerated one by one by the accelerator, thereby reducing the probability of material leakage and improving detection accuracy.

[0012] Furthermore, the device also includes a blanking plate, which is inserted into a slot in the middle of the material handling channel. When the driving wheel reaches a specified speed, the spherical material is dropped, ensuring that each spherical material is accelerated to the specified speed when passing through the acceleration device, further improving the accuracy of the test.

[0013] Preferably, the collector includes a fixed base and a collection frame. The fixed base is connected to the channel tube. The bottom of the fixed base is provided with a collection frame opening, and the collection frame is removably installed in the collection frame opening. This design facilitates the rapid pouring of spherical materials into the hopper after a round of testing, improving the efficiency of loading.

[0014] Furthermore, the material of the aggregate frame is austenitic stainless steel. The focus of the wear resistance test of spherical materials is high-speed impact, which requires high-strength metal. Austenitic stainless steel has a higher surface hardness than other stainless steels, and the wear caused by the high-speed impact of the spherical material is relatively small.

[0015] Specifically, the thickness of the bottom of the aggregate frame must be no less than 10 mm, and the surface roughness of the bottom of the aggregate frame must be no less than 6.3 μm. The bottom of the aggregate frame is the primary impact site for the spherical material. If this area is too thin, it is likely to deform under the impact of the spherical material. The surface roughness increases the friction of the spherical material during impact, preventing it from slipping and affecting the experimental results.

[0016] This solution can greatly solve the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive testing methods caused by excessively high test heights. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the implementation method of this scheme;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the area A in the icon of the implementation method of this solution;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of an implementation scheme of this solution;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the area icon B of the implementation method of this solution;

[0021] In the figure: hopper 1, channel tube 2, collector 3, fixed seat 31, collection frame 32, acceleration device 4, driving wheel 41, driven wheel 42, bracket 43, inflatable rubber wheel 44, motor 45, switch 46, material sorter 5, receiving part 51, material sorting channel 52, plug-in slot 53, blanking plate 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] A drop test device for spherical materials includes a hopper 1, a channel tube 2 and a collector 3. The channel tube 2 is a hollow tube. The bottom end of the channel tube 2 is fixed on the collector 3, and the top end of the channel tube 2 is fixed on the hopper 1. The hopper 1, the channel tube 2 and the collector 3 are connected. The device also includes an acceleration device 4. The acceleration device 4 is arranged in the channel tube 2 near one end of the hopper 1, the feeding end of the acceleration device 4 faces the hopper 1, and the discharging end of the acceleration device 4 faces the collector 3.

[0024] Conventional testing methods primarily require a spherical neutron material to impact a collector 3 at the bottom at a specific velocity to test its wear resistance. Adding an accelerator 4 within the channel tube 2 increases the acceleration of the spherical neutron material at this location. Even with a test apparatus less than 1.6 meters tall, the spherical material can be accelerated to the required speed before impacting the collector 3, ensuring test effectiveness. This structure minimizes the height of the test apparatus, eliminating the time-consuming and labor-intensive testing process often associated with excessively high test heights.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the acceleration device 4, the acceleration device 4 includes a driving wheel 41, a driven wheel 42, and a bracket 43. The bracket 43 is fixed to the end of the channel tube 2 near the hopper 1. The driving wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42 are rotatably mounted on the bracket 43. The wheel surfaces of the driving wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42 are in contact, and the driving wheel 41 drives the driven wheel 42 to rotate at high speed. With this solution, the spherical material is accelerated between the high-speed rotating driving wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42 to reach the terminal velocity of the spherical material free falling to the ground. This acceleration device 4 improves the continuity of detection and the speed at which the spherical material passes.

[0026] To further improve the wheel speed conversion efficiency of the accelerator 4, pneumatic rubber wheels 44 are installed on the outside of the driving wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42. The use of pneumatic rubber wheels 44 offers three advantages: first, the rubber surface has greater friction, providing a better grip on smooth spherical materials; second, the positions of the driving wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42 are relatively fixed, making it impossible to accurately control the gap between them during installation, which would have a fatal impact on the acceleration of the spherical materials. However, the use of pneumatic rubber wheels has a certain expansion rate, which offsets the gap and allows the driving wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42 to contact each other, thereby improving the wheel speed conversion rate, enhancing the acceleration stability of the accelerator 4, and ensuring that each spherical material has the same acceleration boost; third, the pneumatic rubber wheels 44 have a certain amount of deformation, which when gripping the spherical material will embed the spherical material between the driving wheel 41 and the driven wheel 42, further improving the wheel speed conversion rate and the acceleration stability of the accelerator 4.

[0027] As the preferred wheel speed of the driving wheel 41, the acceleration device 4 also includes a motor 45 and a switch 46. The motor 45 is fixed to one side of the driving wheel 41 of the bracket 43. The driving wheel 41 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 45. The switch 46 is fixed to the side of the hopper 1, and the motor 45 and the switch 46 are electrically connected. The motor 45 can increase the rotation speed of the driving wheel 41, effectively improving the acceleration capability of the acceleration device 4. The switch 46 includes a start-stop switch and a speed control switch. The speed control switch adjusts the motor speed by adjusting the voltage. The speed mark can be used to quickly locate the test speed.

[0028] Further explain how to use the driving wheel 41 and motor 45 to achieve the speed required by the standard test. The speed of motor 45 is 2040 rpm. The wheel diameters of driving wheel 41 and driven wheel 42 are both 200 mm. According to the law of conservation of energy, the kinematic equation v2 = u2 + 2as is used to solve the final velocity v of a spherical material falling from a height of 25 m to the ground. u is the initial velocity 0, and a is the acceleration 9.81 m / s. 2 , s is the displacement of 25m, so v is approximately 22m / s. The diameter of the driving wheel 41 is 200mm and the circumference is 0.63m, which means it takes 0.63m to make one revolution. When the wheel surface speed reaches 22m / s, the speed of the driving wheel 41 is 22 / 0.63=34r / s, and the converted speed unit rpm is 34×60=2040rpm.

[0029] The apparatus further includes a material sorter 5, which is fixed between the hopper 1 and the accelerator 4. A receiving portion 51 and a material sorting channel 52 are provided within the material sorter 5. The receiving portion 51 is located near the hopper 1, and a material sorting channel 52 with a fixed diameter extends from the bottom of the receiving portion 51 toward the accelerator 4. The diameter of the material sorter 52 is 10 mm. The material sorter 5 can arrange the spherical materials neatly so that they are accelerated one by one by the accelerator 4, reducing the probability of material leakage and improving the accuracy of detection.

[0030] The apparatus further includes a blanking plate 6, and a slot 53 is provided in the middle of the material handling channel 52. The blanking plate 6 is inserted into the slot 53. When the rotation speed of the driving wheel 41 reaches the specified rotation speed, the spherical material is dropped, ensuring that each spherical material is accelerated to the specified speed when passing through the acceleration device 4, further improving the accuracy of the test.

[0031] The collector 3 preferably includes a fixed base 31 and a collection frame 32. The fixed base 31 is connected to the channel tube 2. The bottom of the fixed base 31 is provided with a collection frame opening, and the collection frame 32 is removably mounted in the collection frame opening. This design facilitates the rapid pouring of spherical materials into the hopper 1 after a round of testing, improving loading efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, the material of the aggregate frame 32 is austenitic stainless steel. The key point of the wear resistance test of spherical materials is high-speed impact, which requires high-strength metal. Austenitic stainless steel has a higher surface hardness than other stainless steels, and the wear caused by high-speed impact of spherical materials is relatively small.

[0033] The thickness of the bottom of the aggregate frame 32 must be no less than 10 mm, and the surface roughness of the bottom of the aggregate frame 32 must be no less than 6.3 μm. The bottom of the aggregate frame 32 is the primary impact site for the spherical material. If this area is too thin, it is likely to deform under the impact of the spherical material. The surface roughness increases the friction of the spherical material during impact, preventing it from slipping and affecting the experimental results.

[0034] This solution can greatly solve the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive testing methods caused by excessively high test heights.

[0035] The above are only preferred specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to them. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and they should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drop test device for spherical materials, comprising a hopper, a channel tube, and a collector, wherein the channel tube is a hollow tube, the bottom end of the channel tube is fixed to the collector, and the top end of the channel tube is fixed to the hopper, and the hopper, channel tube, and collector are connected, characterized in that: It also includes an acceleration device, which is arranged in the channel tube near one end of the hopper, with the feed end of the acceleration device facing the hopper and the discharge end of the acceleration device facing the collector.

2. A drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acceleration device includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a bracket. The bracket is fixed to one end of the channel tube close to the hopper. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are rotatably mounted on the bracket. The driving wheel contacts the wheel surface of the driven wheel, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate at high speed.

3. A drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer sides of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are pneumatic rubber wheels.

4. A drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The acceleration device also includes a motor and a switch. The motor is fixed on one side of the driving wheel of the bracket, the driving wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, the switch is fixed on the side of the hopper, and the motor is electrically connected to the switch.

5. The drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motor speed is 2040 rpm, and the wheel diameters of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both 200 mm.

6. The drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a material sorter, which is fixed between the hopper and the acceleration device. A receiving part and a material sorting channel are provided inside the material sorter. The receiving part is arranged on the side close to the hopper. A material sorting channel with a fixed diameter extends from the bottom of the receiving part toward the side of the acceleration device. The diameter of the material sorting channel is 10 mm.

7. A drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a blanking plate, and a plug-in groove is provided in the middle of the material sorting channel, and the blanking plate is plugged into the plug-in groove.

8. The drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collector includes a fixing seat and a material collection frame. The fixing seat is connected to the channel pipe. A material frame opening is provided at the bottom of the fixing seat. The material collection frame is detachably installed in the material frame opening.

9. The drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material of the aggregate frame is austenitic stainless steel.

10. The drop test device for spherical materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the bottom of the aggregate frame is not less than 10 mm, and the surface roughness of the bottom of the aggregate frame is not less than 6.3 μm.

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