Evacuation system for fire-fighting design of water-power engineering underground main power house

Abstract

The utility model discloses an evacuation system for fire-fighting design of an underground main power house of water-power engineering. The underground main power house comprises a generator layer, a bus layer, a water turbine layer, a volute layer and a draft tube layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and an open staircase arranged in a unit room of the underground main power house; at least one evacuation staircase is arranged on the outer side of the upstream side wall of the underground main power house, the evacuation staircase comprises a firewall, a first fireproof door, a front room, a second fireproof door and stairs, the evacuation staircase is located on a generator floor and floors below the generator floor, the first fireproof door is communicated with the underground main power house on the floor and the front room on the floor, and the second fireproof door is communicated with the stairs. And the second fireproof door is arranged between the front room and the staircase, so that the staircase is not directly communicated with each floor of the underground main power house. The device is suitable for all large and medium-sized hydropower engineering, and is low in application difficulty and convenient to implement. The problems of emergency exits and evacuation distances are fundamentally solved, and great economic benefits are achieved in the aspects of smooth power generation commissioning and life and property safety guarantee of hydropower engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of engineering fire protection design, and in particular relates to an evacuation system for the fire protection design of an underground main powerhouse of a hydropower project, which solves the problem that the safety exits and evacuation distances of each floor below the generator floor do not meet the requirements of the current fire protection regulations. Background Art

[0002] Fire protection designs for underground main powerhouses in hydropower projects often use open staircases between the generator units as emergency exits. However, these staircases, which function during hydropower plant operations to naturally circulate air between the generator floors, balance temperature and humidity within the plant, and facilitate smoke exhaust from each floor in the event of a fire, cannot be designed as enclosed stairwells. Their sole function is to facilitate communication between upper and lower floors for maintenance personnel during daily operations. Due to fire protection regulations, open staircases between the generator units in underground main powerhouses cannot be used as emergency exits. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an evacuation system for the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of a hydropower project, so as to solve the problem that the safety exits and evacuation distances of each floor below the generator floor do not meet the requirements of the current fire protection regulations.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an evacuation system for the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of a hydropower project, the underground main powerhouse includes a generator layer, a busbar layer, a turbine layer, a volute layer, a tailwater pipe layer, and an open stairwell arranged between the units of the underground main powerhouse; at least one evacuation stairwell is arranged on the outside of the upstream side wall of the underground main powerhouse, the evacuation stairwell includes a fire wall, a first fire door, a vestibule, a second fire door, and stairs, the evacuation stairwell is located on the generator layer and the floors below, the first fire door connects the underground main powerhouse on that floor and the vestibule on that floor, and the second fire door is arranged between the vestibule and the stairs, so that the stairs are not directly connected to the floors of the underground main powerhouse.

[0005] The evacuation stairwell is also equipped with a fire elevator or a passenger elevator.

[0006] The fire wall is made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete and has a fire resistance limit of not less than 3.0h.

[0007] The first and second fire doors are normally closed steel Class A fire doors, which are opened in a flat opening direction towards the evacuation direction.

[0008] The door panels of the first fire door and the second fire door are provided with fireproof glass observation windows to prevent accidental collision and injury to evacuees when they are opened.

[0009] The staircase is a cast-in-place concrete structure with a tread height of no more than 160 mm and a width of no less than 280 mm. Anti-slip strips are provided at the leading edge of the treads, and the interior decoration materials of the staircase are all Class A non-combustible materials.

[0010] The antechamber and the staircase are not provided with any openings or shafts other than fire doors and positive pressure air supply vents.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by completely re-arranging the evacuation stairwells on the generator level and below the underground main powerhouse, it has a completely different design concept and solution from the original layout of the hydropower station. It not only meets the relevant requirements of current fire protection regulations, but also does not affect the existing production process requirements of the underground main powerhouse. This utility model is suitable for all large and medium-sized hydropower projects, has low application difficulty and is easy to implement. It fundamentally solves the problems of emergency exits and evacuation distances, and has significant economic benefits in terms of smooth power generation and ensuring the safety of life and property of hydropower projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the evacuation system provided by the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the evacuation system provided by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0015] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like to indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0016] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0017] Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal communication between two components. A person skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0019] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the evacuation system of the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of the hydropower project of the present invention, the underground main powerhouse includes a generator layer 8, a busbar layer 9, a turbine layer 10, a volute layer 11, a tailwater pipe layer 12, and an open stairwell 13 arranged between the units of the underground main powerhouse; at least one evacuation stairwell is arranged on the outside of the upstream side wall 7 of the underground main powerhouse, the evacuation stairwell includes a fire wall 1, a first fire door 22, an antechamber 4, a second fire door 2, and a staircase 3. The evacuation stairwell is located on the generator layer and the floors below. The first fire door 22 connects the underground main powerhouse on this floor and the antechamber 4 on this floor. The second fire door 2 is arranged between the antechamber 4 and the staircase 3, so that the staircase 3 is not directly connected to the floors of the underground main powerhouse. An antechamber 4 is provided between the staircase 3 and the floors of the underground main powerhouse. People enter the staircase 3 from the floors of the underground main powerhouse through the first fire door 22 and the second fire door 2.

[0020] The evacuation stairwell is further provided with a fire elevator 5 or a passenger elevator 6 .

[0021] The fire wall 1 is made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and its fire resistance limit is not less than 3.0h.

[0022] The first fire door 22 and the second fire door 2 are normally closed steel Class A fire doors, which are opened in a flat opening direction and are opened in the direction of evacuation.

[0023] The door leaves of the first fire door 22 and the second fire door 2 are provided with fireproof glass observation windows to prevent accidental collision and injury to evacuees when opening.

[0024] The staircase 3 is a cast-in-place concrete structure, the step height of the staircase 3 is not more than 160 mm, the width is not less than 280 mm, anti-slip strips are set at the front edge of the step, and the interior decoration materials of the staircase 3 are all Class A non-combustible materials.

[0025] The front room 4 and the staircase 3 are not provided with any openings or shafts other than fire doors and positive pressure air supply vents.

[0026] Specifically, in accordance with the requirements of the current fire protection regulations, the evacuation stairwells are rearranged, that is, the evacuation stairwells are expanded outside the upstream side walls of each floor of the main factory building. The evacuation stairwells work together with the smoke prevention and exhaust facilities as safety exits to meet the regulatory requirements that "for each floor below the generator floor, the distance from the farthest working point in the room to the nearest safety exit on that floor should not exceed 60m."

[0027] The fire wall 1 is the enclosure structure of the evacuation stairwell. The wall is cast-in-place reinforced concrete with a fire resistance of not less than 3.0 hours. The fire door is a normally closed steel Class A fire door with a fire resistance of not less than 1.5 hours. It is a Class A thermal insulation fire door with a fire resistance and integrity of not less than 1.5 hours. The fire door is installed on the wall of the front room and the entrance and exit of the stairwell to prevent smoke and heat from entering the stairwell. The fire door opens in a flat opening direction, with the opening direction facing the evacuation direction. The door leaf of the fire door is equipped with a fireproof glass observation window to prevent accidental collision and injury to evacuees during opening. The clear height of the fire door is not less than 2100mm. If it is a single-leaf door, the clear width is not less than 800mm. It is equipped with a fire door closer. If it is a double-leaf door, it is equipped with a fire door closer and a fire sequencer. The sealing material around the fire doors 2 and 22 and the structural opening is fireproof.

[0028] The staircase 3 is a cast-in-place concrete structure, the net width of the stair section is not less than 1100mm, the net width of the rest platform is not less than 1200mm, the step height of the staircase 3 is not more than 160mm, the width is not less than 280mm, and anti-slip strips are set at the leading edge of the steps; the interior decoration materials of the staircase 3 are all Class A non-combustible materials, and no other openings or shafts except the fire door 2 and positive pressure air supply vents can be set.

[0029] The usable area of ​​the antechamber 4 when used only as a smokeproof stairwell shall not be less than 6.0 m 2 The usable area when used together with a fire elevator shall not be less than 10.0m 2 The interior decoration materials are all Class A non-combustible materials, and no other openings or wells can be set except the fire door 2 and positive pressure air supply vents.

[0030] The fire resistance integrity of the elevator floor doors of the fire elevator 5 and the passenger elevator 6 should not be less than 2.0h, and the fire resistance performance of the passenger elevator 6 should not be lower than that of the fire elevator 5.

[0031] This utility model expands an evacuation stairwell outside the upstream sidewall 7 of the main plant building. The evacuation stairwell is composed of a fire wall 1, two fire doors 2 and 22, a staircase 3, and an antechamber 4. The planar position and number of the evacuation stairwell correspond to and are equal to the open staircases 13 between the units, or are arranged so that the distance between two adjacent emergency exits is no more than 120 meters. A fire elevator 5 or a passenger elevator 6 is added to the evacuation stairwell to provide safe and convenient vertical transportation for factory staff and visitors conducting industry exchanges and research. The number of fire elevators 5 should not be less than one, and the number of passenger elevators 6 is determined by the investment intention of the construction unit.

[0032] The following is a diagram of the generator floor layout of the fire protection zone of the underground main powerhouse of a large hydropower station project as an example and further explained with the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Large hydropower stations generally have four or more units installed. Figure 1 Take an underground main plant project with 6 units and 28m between adjacent units as an example. The original plan layout has an open staircase 13 arranged between units 1# and 2#, between units 3# and 4#, and between units 5# and 6#, for a total of three sets. The utility model expands three sets of smokeproof staircases in the space outside the upstream side wall 7 of the main plant fire compartment 14 at the position corresponding to the open staircase 13, namely Figure 1 As shown, three new safety exits A, B, and C are added, which fundamentally solve the evacuation distance problem of "the distance from the farthest working point in the room to the nearest safety exit on that floor should not exceed 60m" on each floor below the generator floor; and because auxiliary factory buildings 15 and 16 and evacuation stairwell 17 are arranged at both ends of the main factory building in this embodiment, it is regarded as having two safety exits. From an economic point of view, only one new safety exit B can be added according to the investment willingness of the construction unit, which can also meet the standard evacuation distance requirements.

[0034] A passenger elevator 6 can also be added to the stairwell of the utility model to provide safe and convenient vertical transportation conditions for factory staff or visitors who come for exchanges and research between industries, thereby improving an efficient and comfortable working environment. If the passenger elevator 6 is replaced by a fire elevator 5, it also solves the technical defect that there is no fire elevator in the fire protection zone 14 of the underground main factory building of the current hydropower project.

[0035] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. The patent scope of the present invention cannot be limited by these embodiments alone. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made to the spirit disclosed by the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An evacuation system for a fire protection design of an underground main powerhouse of a hydropower project, wherein the underground main powerhouse comprises, from top to bottom, a generator floor (8), a busbar floor (9), a turbine floor (10), a volute floor (11), a draft tube floor (12), and an open stairwell (13) arranged between the units of the underground main powerhouse, characterized in that: At least one evacuation stairwell is arranged outside the upstream side wall (7) of the underground main powerhouse. The evacuation stairwell includes a fire wall (1), a first fire door (22), an antechamber (4), a second fire door (2) and a staircase (3). The evacuation stairwell is located on the generator floor and the floors below. The first fire door (22) connects the underground main powerhouse on that floor and the antechamber (4) on that floor. The second fire door (2) is arranged between the antechamber (4) and the staircase (3), so that the staircase (3) is not directly connected to the floors of the underground main powerhouse.

2. The evacuation system of the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of the hydropower project according to claim 1 is characterized by: The evacuation stairwell is further provided with a fire elevator (5) or a passenger elevator (6).

3. The evacuation system of the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of the hydropower project according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fire wall (1) is made of cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and its fire resistance limit is not less than 3.0h.

4. The evacuation system of the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of the hydropower project according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first fire door (22) and the second fire door (2) are normally closed steel Class A fire doors, and are opened in a flat opening manner, with the opening direction facing the evacuation direction.

5. The evacuation system of the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of the hydropower project according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The door leaves of the first fire door (22) and the second fire door (2) are provided with fireproof glass observation windows to prevent collision and accidental injury to evacuees when opening.

6. The evacuation system of the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of the hydropower project according to claim 1 is characterized by: The staircase (3) is a cast-in-place concrete structure, the step height of the staircase (3) is not more than 160 mm, the width is not less than 280 mm, anti-slip strips are provided at the front edge of the step, and the interior decoration materials of the staircase (3) are all Class A non-combustible materials.

7. The evacuation system of the fire protection design of the underground main powerhouse of the hydropower project according to claim 1 is characterized by: The front room (4) and the staircase (3) are not provided with any openings or shafts other than fire doors and positive pressure air supply ports.

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