Early warning and monitoring device for preventing collapse of rock-soil tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock-soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning and monitoring device, which relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring and comprises a support structure, the support structure comprises a movable plate and a connecting shaft which are fixedly connected, the movable plate is arched, the connecting shaft and the movable plate are assembled in a planar shape, and the connecting shaft and the movable plate have force transmission property; the triggering structure comprises extrusion pieces evenly distributed on the movable plate, the ends of the extrusion pieces are fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the other ends of the extrusion pieces are connected with a tightened steel wire rope; the early warning structure comprises a pressure sensor and an alarm which are electrically connected, and the pressure sensor is connected to the steel wire rope. The tunnel vault settlement monitoring system can comprehensively monitor vault settlement and side wall convergence conditions in a tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, in particular to a rock and soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are built underground, underwater, or in mountains, and railways or roads are laid within them for motor vehicles to pass through. After geotechnical tunnels are constructed, monitoring equipment is often installed to ensure tunnel safety in order to prevent tunnel collapse and potential casualties. Existing tunnel monitoring equipment typically utilizes laser rangefinders for non-contact, real-time monitoring of tunnel vault settlement and sidewall convergence, providing immediate warnings. However, the use of laser rangefinders limits the number of monitoring points in the tunnel. Warnings are triggered only when the scope of tunnel collapse affects the points illuminated by the laser rangefinder, making them incomplete and thus impacting the effectiveness of tunnel collapse warnings. Increasing the number of points illuminated by the laser rangefinder significantly increases costs, and even with increased coverage, the entire area cannot be covered. Utility Model Content

[0003] Technical problems to be solved by utility models

[0004] Aiming at the technical problem that the existing laser rangefinders are limited in the monitoring points of tunnels and cannot cover the entire area, thus affecting the early warning effect of tunnel collapse, the utility model provides a geotechnical tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device, which can comprehensively monitor the vault settlement and side wall convergence in the tunnel.

[0005] Technical Solution

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A geotechnical tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device comprises a support structure, including a fixed movable plate and a connecting shaft, the movable plate is arched, the connecting shaft and the movable plate are assembled in a planar shape, and the connecting shaft and the movable plate have force transmission properties; a trigger structure comprises extrusions evenly distributed on the movable plate, the ends of the extrusions are fixed to the movable plate, and the other ends of the extrusions are connected to a taut steel wire rope; an early warning structure comprises an electrically connected pressure sensor and an alarm, and the pressure sensor is connected to the steel wire rope.

[0008] The movable plate and connecting shaft form an arched force-bearing network that adapts to the shape of the tunnel. Tunnel collapse exerts force on the force-bearing network. When the movable plate or connecting shaft is subjected to pressure, the movable plate moves downward, which in turn drives the extrusion element to apply tension to the wire rope. When the wire rope is subjected to tension, it triggers a pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor is subjected to pressure, it triggers an alarm to provide a timely warning, enabling real-time monitoring of multiple points on the tunnel wall. Compared to points illuminated by a laser rangefinder, the arched force-bearing network formed by the movable plate and connecting shaft has a larger detectable area and more detectable points.

[0009] Optionally, the connecting shaft and the movable plate are vertically fixed, and a plurality of connecting shafts are provided and are evenly distributed between the movable plates.

[0010] The force-bearing network forms an XY-axis distribution structure with vertical connecting axes and movable plates, which improves the uniformity of the force-bearing network.

[0011] Optionally, the support structure further includes a fixed support, the fixed support is fixed with a connecting block, and the connecting block is elastically connected to the movable plate.

[0012] The connecting shaft can be used with rivets to fix the fixed bracket to the inner wall of the tunnel. Therefore, the fixed bracket and connecting block can support the inner wall of the geotechnical tunnel. In the event of tunnel wall collapse, it will provide support to the tunnel, slowing the collapse of the tunnel and allowing people inside to evacuate the tunnel as soon as possible, improving safety. The elastic connection of the connecting block provides support and flexibility.

[0013] Optionally, the connecting block is slidably connected to the movable plate via a fixed shaft, a first spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft, and the spring is connected to the movable plate and the connecting block.

[0014] The connecting block always supports the inner wall of the tunnel, and the sinking of the movable plate slides along the fixed axis, playing a role of limiting guide, ensuring that the sinking of the movable plate triggers the warning structure. The first spring makes the movable plate have elastic reset performance.

[0015] Optionally, the top of the connecting block is provided with a limiting protrusion extending to both sides, and the movable plate is provided with a groove matching the limiting protrusion.

[0016] The limiting protrusion limits the movable plate so that the movable plate cannot exceed the top of the connecting block. The connecting block and the movable plate abut against the inner wall of the tunnel flush.

[0017] Optionally, the warning structure also includes a fixed part, a movable frame and a second spring. The fixed part is provided with a cavity for accommodating the sliding of the movable frame. One end of the movable frame protrudes from the fixed part and is provided with a circular hole for passing the steel wire rope. The second spring is sleeved on the movable frame, and the second spring is connected to the movable frame and the pressure sensor.

[0018] The movable frame slides up and down within the cavity, supported by a second spring. This second spring protects the pressure sensor from damage caused by sudden forces exceeding its limits. The second spring provides the movable frame with excellent elastic reset performance. Since the second spring is compressed, it exerts a force on the movable frame, which resets the movable frame and releases the pressure sensor from the second spring.

[0019] Optionally, a threaded rod is fixed to the fixing member for fixing.

[0020] The threaded rods fit into the screw threads of the mounting brackets to provide structural support.

[0021] Optionally, the support structure is provided with a positioning piece for installation, the steel wire rope is fixed to the positioning piece, and the positioning piece is provided with a length protruding toward the bottom.

[0022] The positioning pieces are used in conjunction with rivets to fix the support structure to the tunnel wall, playing the role of fixing and installing, and are fixed to the wire rope to tighten the wire rope.

[0023] Beneficial effects

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The utility model cooperates between the movable plate and the fixed shaft. When the movable plate or the connecting shaft is subjected to pressure, the movable plate will move downward along the outer surface of the fixed shaft. At this time, the movable plate will drive the extrusion member to apply a pulling force to the wire rope. When the wire rope is subjected to tension, the movable frame will be pulled downward, so that the second spring can be squeezed by the movable frame, so that the second spring will apply pressure to the pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor is subjected to pressure, the alarm will be triggered to give a timely warning, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of multiple points on the inner wall of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a geotechnical tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device proposed in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a geotechnical tunnel collapse prevention and early warning monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of point A of a geotechnical tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device proposed in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of an early warning structure of a geotechnical tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] 1. Fixed bracket; 2. Connecting block; 201, limiting protrusion; 3. Notch; 4. Fixed shaft; 5. Movable plate; 6. First spring; 7. Positioning piece; 8. Steel wire rope; 9. Extrusion piece; 10. Fixed piece; 11. Cavity; 12. Movable frame; 13. Second spring; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Alarm; 16. Round hole; 17. Connecting shaft; 18. Threaded rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Example

[0033] Combined with attachment Figure 1 , a geotechnical tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device includes a support structure, the support structure includes a fixed movable plate 5 and a connecting shaft 17, the movable plate 5 is arched, the connecting shaft 17 and the movable plate 5 are assembled in a planar shape, and the connecting shaft 17 and the movable plate 5 have a force transmission property. When the first spring 6 elastically supports the movable plate 5, the movable plate 5 and the connecting shaft 17 can fit with the inner wall of the tunnel. Through the design of the movable plate 5 and the connecting shaft 17, when the movable plate 5 and the connecting shaft 17 are in contact, the changes in the inner wall of the tunnel can be sensed at all times. When there is a sign of collapse in the tunnel, a pressure will be applied to the movable plate 5 and the connecting shaft 17, so that the first spring 6 can be compressed by the movable plate 5, which will drive the extrusion member 9 to move downward.

[0034] Connecting shafts 17 are vertically fixed to the movable plate 5. Multiple connecting shafts 17 are provided and evenly distributed between the movable plates 5. The support structure also includes a fixed bracket 1, which is fixedly connected to a connecting block 2, which is elastically connected to the movable plate 5. Several groups of fixed brackets 1 can be provided, and the spacing between them can be adjusted depending on the tunnel length.

[0035] The support structure is provided with a positioning piece 7 for installation, and the steel wire rope 8 is fixed to the positioning piece 7. The positioning piece 7 is provided with a length protruding toward the bottom. The positioning piece 7 extends into the foundation during installation to improve the structural strength of the overall support structure.

[0036] Combined with attachment Figure 2The trigger structure consists of extrusions 9 evenly distributed on the movable plate 5. The ends of the extrusions 9 are fixed to the movable plate 5, and the other ends of the extrusions 9 are connected to a taut steel wire rope 8. The trigger structure is mounted on the fixed support 1 and is used to sense collapse at multiple points in the tunnel. The bottom ends of the extrusions 9 pass through the fixed support 1 and are sleeved with it. The bottom ends (other ends) of the extrusions 9 are in compression contact with the steel wire rope 8.

[0037] Combined with attachment Figure 3 Through the cooperation between the extrusion member 9 and the steel wire rope 8, when the movable plate 5 and the connecting shaft 17 are subjected to pressure, the extrusion member 9 will be driven downward by the movable plate 5, so that the steel wire rope 8 can be squeezed by the extrusion member 9, and then the early warning structure can be triggered by the steel wire rope 8.

[0038] The top of the connecting block 2 is provided with a limiting protrusion 201 extending to both sides, and the movable plate 5 is provided with a groove that cooperates with the limiting protrusion 201.

[0039] The connecting block 2 and the movable plate 5 are slidably connected via a fixed shaft 4. A first spring 6 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 4, which is connected to the movable plate 5 and the connecting block 2. The connecting block 2 is mounted on the top of the fixed bracket 1. A notch 3 is formed on the outside of the connecting block 2, and a fixed shaft 4 is mounted inside the notch 3. The movable plate 5 and the first spring 6 are sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed shaft 4. Several groups of connecting shafts 17 are connected between the two groups of movable plates 5. Extrusion pieces 9 are installed on the inner arc of the movable plate 5. Spacers 7 are installed at both ends of the fixed bracket 1, and a steel wire rope 8 is connected between the two groups of spacers 7. Through the cooperation between the movable plate 5 and the fixed shaft 4, when the movable plate 5 or the connecting shaft 17 is subjected to pressure, the movable plate 5 will move downward along the outer surface of the fixed shaft 4. At this time, the movable plate 5 will drive the extrusion member 9 to apply pressure to the wire rope 8. When the wire rope 8 is subjected to pressure, the movable frame 12 will be pulled downward, so that the second spring 13 can be squeezed by the movable frame 12, so that the second spring 13 will apply pressure to the pressure sensor 14. When the pressure sensor 14 is subjected to pressure, the alarm 15 will be triggered to give a timely warning. At the same time, the design of the threaded rod 18 facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the fixing member 10, and thus facilitates the maintenance of the warning structure.

[0040] First spring 6 is elastically supported between movable plate 5 and notch 3, and positioning piece 7 is fixed to the tunnel wall with rivets. The design of first spring 6 gives movable plate 5 good elastic reset performance. At this time, because first spring 6 is in a compressed state, it exerts an elastic force on movable plate 5, thereby supporting movable plate 5 and making contact between movable plate 5 and connecting shaft 17 and the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0041] Combined with attachment Figure 4The early warning structure includes an electrically connected pressure sensor 14 and an alarm 15, and the pressure sensor 14 is connected to the wire rope 8. The early warning structure is set at the bottom of the fixed support 1 and is used to issue an alarm when the tunnel collapses.

[0042] The warning structure also includes a fixed part 10, a movable frame 12, and a second spring 13. The fixed part 10 has a cavity 11 inside for accommodating the sliding of the movable frame 12. One end of the movable frame 12 protrudes from the fixed part 10 and has a circular hole 16 for passing the wire rope 8. The second spring 13 is sleeved on the movable frame 12, and the second spring 13 is connected to the movable frame 12 and the pressure sensor 14. The fixed part 10 is connected to the fixed bracket 1 with a threaded rod 18. The fixed part 10 has a cavity 11 inside, and the movable frame 12 is sleeved inside the cavity 11. The second spring 13 is sleeved on the outer surface of the movable frame 12. The pressure sensor 14 is installed inside the cavity 11, and the alarm 15 is set at the bottom of the pressure sensor 14.

[0043] A threaded rod 18 is fixed to the fixing member 10 for fixing.

[0044] The movable frame 12 has a circular hole 16 formed inside it, through which the wire rope 8 passes and is engaged. Due to the interaction between the wire rope 8 and the circular hole 16, when pressure is applied to the wire rope 8, the wire rope 8 drives the circular hole 16, causing the movable frame 12 to move downward. This causes the movable frame 12 to move along the interior of the cavity 11 and compress the pressure sensor 14 via the second spring 13, thereby generating an alarm through the alarm 15. The lower end of the alarm 15 is connected to an electrical wire and is connected to the controller and power supply.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the second spring 13 is elastically supported between the movable frame 12 and the pressure sensor 14. The design of the second spring 13 enables the movable frame 12 to have good elastic reset performance. At this time, since the second spring 13 is in a compressed state, it exerts an elastic force on the movable frame 12, thereby driving the movable frame 12 to reset, so that the second spring 13 releases the pressure on the pressure sensor 14.

[0046] Working principle:

[0047] When the movable plate 5 or the connecting shaft 17 is subjected to pressure, the movable plate 5 will move downward along the outer surface of the fixed shaft 4 and drive the extrusion member 9 to apply pressure to the wire rope 8. When the wire rope 8 is subjected to pressure, the movable frame 12 will be pulled downward through the cooperation between the wire rope 8 and the circular hole 16, so that the second spring 13 can be squeezed through the movable frame 12, so that the second spring 13 will apply pressure to the pressure sensor 14. When the pressure sensor 14 is subjected to pressure changes, the alarm 15 will be triggered to give a timely warning, thereby enabling real-time monitoring.

[0048] The above is a schematic description of the present invention and its embodiments, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the inventive purpose of the present invention, designs a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geotechnical tunnel collapse warning monitoring device, characterized in that: include The support structure includes a fixed movable plate and a connecting shaft, wherein the movable plate is arched, the connecting shaft and the movable plate are assembled in a planar manner, and the connecting shaft and the movable plate have a force transmission property; The trigger structure includes extrusion members evenly distributed on the movable plate, the ends of the extrusion members are fixed to the movable plate, and the other ends of the extrusion members are connected to a taut steel wire rope; The early warning structure includes an electrically connected pressure sensor and an alarm, wherein the pressure sensor is connected to the steel wire rope.

2. A geotechnical tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting shaft is vertically fixed to the movable plate, and a plurality of connecting shafts are provided and evenly distributed between the movable plates.

3. The rock and soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure further includes a fixed support, the fixed support is fixedly connected with a connecting block, and the connecting block is elastically connected to the movable plate.

4. The rock and soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting block is slidably connected to the movable plate via a fixed shaft. A first spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft, and the spring is connected to the movable plate and the connecting block.

5. The rock and soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the connecting block is provided with a limiting protrusion extending to both sides, and the movable plate is provided with a groove matching with the limiting protrusion.

6. The rock and soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning structure also includes a fixed part, a movable frame and a second spring. A cavity is provided inside the fixed part for accommodating the sliding of the movable frame. One end of the movable frame protrudes from the fixed part and is provided with a circular hole for passing the steel wire rope. The second spring is sleeved on the movable frame, and the second spring is connected to the movable frame and the pressure sensor.

7. The rock and soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A threaded rod is fixedly connected to the fixing piece for fixing.

8. The rock and soil tunnel anti-collapse early warning monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure is provided with a positioning piece for installation, the steel wire rope is fixed to the positioning piece, and the positioning piece is provided with a length protruding toward the bottom.

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