Steering transmission structure of crawler-type tractor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crawler tractor steering transmission structure which comprises a fuel engine, a gearbox assembly and a steering control assembly, the gearbox assembly comprises a first gear switching assembly and a second gear switching assembly, the first gear switching assembly is in transmission connection with the steering control assembly, and the second gear switching assembly is in transmission connection with the steering control assembly. The first gear switching assembly is used for inputting first power to the walking speed change assembly, and the second gear switching assembly is used for inputting second power to the walking speed change assembly, so that walking half shafts on the left side and the right side of the walking speed change assembly can generate a rotating speed difference under the superposition effect of the first power and the second power, and tracks on the two sides are driven to achieve steering. According to the steering device, the steering operation habit is better met during steering operation, in-situ turning and steering can be achieved at a low speed, large-radius steering is achieved at a high speed, and the use safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of transmission, in particular to a steering transmission structure of a crawler type tractor. Background Art

[0002] The steering transmission of existing differential-steering crawler tractors typically utilizes dual-power flow converging technology within a planetary reduction mechanism. Specifically, two planetary reduction mechanisms are installed in the rear axle housing. The travel power flow is input through the sun gear of the planetary reduction mechanism, while the steering power flow is input through the ring gear of the planetary reduction mechanism. These two power flows converge at the planetary carrier, resulting in a differential output, which then drives the left and right axles to achieve differential steering. In this prior art, the travel power flow is input to the sun gear of the planetary reduction mechanism after the transmission shifts between different gears. The steering power flow is then transferred to the sun gear of the planetary reduction mechanism by a hydraulic pump mounted on the clutch shaft, converting mechanical energy on the clutch shaft into hydraulic energy. This hydraulic pump then drives the hydraulic motor, which in turn inputs steering power to the ring gear of the planetary reduction mechanism. In this arrangement, because the clutch shaft is directly connected to the fuel engine power shaft via a clutch, its rotational direction remains fixed, meaning the input shaft of the hydraulic pump rotates in the same direction. However, after the travel power flow shifts through the transmission assembly between different gears, it can be output in both forward (forward) and reverse (reverse) directions. In the above situation, when the tractor is turning, the steering direction and the actual direction of movement can only be consistent in one of the following situations: forward or reverse. For example, when the tractor is moving forward, turning the steering wheel to the left will cause the tractor to turn left; when moving backward, turning the steering wheel to the left will cause the tractor to reverse right. This results in a mismatch between the steering direction and the actual direction of the tractor during reverse movement, which can easily lead to safety accidents. The reverse direction is also true. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a steering transmission structure for a crawler tractor to solve the problem in the prior art that the steering control direction is inconsistent with the actual movement direction, which easily causes safety accidents.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a crawler tractor steering transmission structure includes a fuel engine, a transmission assembly and a steering control assembly, the fuel engine inputs power to the transmission assembly through a clutch shaft, the transmission assembly includes a first gear shift assembly and a second gear shift assembly in transmission connection, the first gear shift assembly is in transmission connection with the clutch shaft, and the second gear shift assembly is used to input power to the travel speed change assembly; wherein, the first gear shift assembly is used to switch between forward gear and reverse gear, and the second gear shift assembly is used to switch between different speed gears;

[0005] The first gear switching assembly is transmission-connected to a steering control assembly. The steering control assembly can input a first power to the travel speed change assembly under the drive of the first gear switching assembly. The first power includes a forward steering power or a reverse steering power corresponding to the gear of the first gear switching assembly, so that the left and right travel half-axles of the travel speed change assembly can generate a speed difference under the superposition of the first power and the power input by the second gear switching assembly, so as to drive the tracks on both sides to achieve steering.

[0006] As an optimization, the first gear shift assembly includes a speed change driven shaft, on which a reverse gear driven gear, a forward gear driven gear and a hydraulic pump power input driving gear are provided. When the forward gear is selected, the forward gear driven gear is meshed with the forward gear driving gear provided on the clutch shaft. When the reverse gear is selected, the reverse gear driven gear is meshed with the reverse gear driving gear provided on the clutch shaft through a reverse gear transition gear provided on the reverse gear transition shaft, so that the rotation direction of the hydraulic pump power input driving gear corresponds to the gear position of the first gear shift assembly, and the hydraulic pump power input driving gear is transmission-connected to the steering control assembly.

[0007] As an optimization, the steering control assembly includes a hydraulic pump, which is installed on a hydraulic pump speed change component and is connected to a hydraulic pump power input driving gear.

[0008] As an optimization, the hydraulic pump speed change assembly is provided with a hydraulic pump power input transition shaft, and the hydraulic pump power input transition shaft is provided with a hydraulic pump power input transition gear that is meshed with the hydraulic pump power input driving gear, and the hydraulic pump power input transition gear is meshed with the hydraulic pump power input driven gear arranged on the input shaft of the hydraulic pump.

[0009] As an optimization, a reversing handle is provided on the hydraulic pump. By turning the reversing handle, the hydraulic pump can input forward steering power or reverse steering power or no steering power to the travel speed change assembly.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0011] 1. The hydraulic pump is installed on the driven shaft after the forward gear and reverse gear are switched. The rotation direction of the hydraulic pump matches the forward gear or reverse gear direction. When the tractor is moving forward and reverse, the steering control direction is consistent with the actual movement direction, which is more in line with the steering operation habits, thereby avoiding safety accidents.

[0012] 2. The hydraulic pump is powered by a variable speed driven shaft, and the input speed is constant, so that the hydraulic pump is always in rated working conditions and the hydraulic transmission efficiency is high.

[0013] 3. The steering speed flow is not affected by gear changes. The speed change mechanism can drive the travel speed change assembly to realize the forward and reverse rotation of the crawler tracks at low speeds, i.e., to make sharp turns at low speeds; and the two crawlers can achieve the same-direction differential steering at high speeds, i.e., to make large turns at high speeds, thus ensuring the safety of the tractor in hilly and complex terrain conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the utility model;

[0015] In the figure: 1. Transmission assembly 2. Clutch shaft 3. Reverse gear driving gear 4. Reverse gear transition gear 5. Reverse gear transition shaft 6. Reverse gear driven gear 7. Speed ​​change driven shaft 8. Hydraulic pump power input driving gear 9. Hydraulic pump power input transition shaft 10. Hydraulic pump power input transition gear 11. Hydraulic pump speed change assembly 12. Hydraulic pump power input driven gear 13. Hydraulic pump 14. Hydraulic pump reversing handle 15. Forward gear driving gear 16. Forward gear driven gear 17. Engaging sleeve 18. Hydraulic motor 19 , small bevel gear shaft 20, small bevel gear 21, large bevel gear 22, sun gear shaft 23, left planetary carrier 24, left half shaft 25, left planetary gear 26, left inner ring gear 27, steering driving gear 28, steering driven gear 29, steering transition gear 30, steering transition shaft 31, right inner ring gear 32, right planetary gear 33, right planetary carrier 34, right half shaft 35, hydraulic oil pipe 36, first gear switching assembly 37, second gear switching assembly 38, travel speed change assembly 39, reversing gear set. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent figures. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the figures, or the positions or relationships in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely for ease of description and simplification of the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather may be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply refers to a direction that is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not imply that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather may be slightly tilted. It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Example: See Figure 1 A steering transmission structure for a crawler tractor includes a fuel engine, a clutch, a transmission assembly 1, a steering control assembly, and a travel speed change assembly 38 for driving travel. The fuel engine inputs power to the transmission assembly 1 through the clutch shaft 2. The transmission assembly 1 includes a first gear shift assembly 36 and a second gear shift assembly 37. The first gear shift assembly 36 is in transmission connection with the clutch shaft 2. The first gear shift assembly 36 is used for switching between forward gear and reverse gear, and the second gear shift assembly 37 is used for switching between different speed gears.

[0020] The first gear switching assembly 36 is connected to the travel speed change assembly 38 through the steering control assembly. The steering control assembly can input the first power to the travel speed change assembly 38 under the drive of the first gear switching assembly 36. The first power includes forward steering power and reverse steering power corresponding to the gear of the first gear switching assembly 36. The second gear switching assembly 37 is connected to the travel speed change assembly 38 to input the second power to the travel speed change assembly 38. The left and right travel half-axles of the travel speed change assembly 38 generate a speed difference under the superposition of the first power and the second power, driving the tracks on both sides to achieve steering.

[0021] Specifically, the present invention divides the power input by the fuel engine through the clutch shaft 2 into two parts, one part of the power is input to the walking speed change assembly 38 through the fuel engine-clutch shaft 2-first gear switching assembly 36-second gear switching assembly 37-walking speed change assembly 38 as walking power, that is, the second power; the other part of the power is input to the walking speed change assembly 38 as steering power, that is, the first power, through the fuel engine-clutch shaft 2-first gear switching assembly 36-steering control assembly-walking speed change assembly 38. After the first power and the second power converge in the walking speed change assembly 38, the left and right walking half-axles of the walking speed change assembly 38 produce a speed difference under the superposition of the first power and the second power, driving the tracks on both sides to achieve steering.

[0022] Specifically, the first gear shift assembly 36 includes a speed-shift driven shaft 7, on which a reverse driven gear 6, a forward driven gear 16 and a hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8 are provided. An engaging seat for shifting operation and an engaging sleeve 17 that slides and engages with the engaging seat are provided between the reverse driven gear 6 and the forward driven gear 16. When the forward gear is selected, the engaging sleeve 17 engages with the forward driven gear 16. Since the forward driven gear 16 engages with the forward driving gear 15 provided on the clutch shaft 2, the speed-shift driven shaft 7 rotates under the transmission action of the engaging seat and the engaging sleeve 17. In this embodiment, it is configured to rotate in the forward direction. When the reverse gear is selected, the engagement sleeve 17 is engaged with the reverse driven gear 6. Since the reverse driven gear 6 is engaged with the reverse driving gear 3 provided on the clutch shaft 2 through a reverse transition gear 4 provided on the reverse transition shaft 5, the speed change driven shaft 7 rotates in the opposite direction under the transmission action of the engagement seat and the engagement sleeve 17, so that the rotation direction of the hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8 corresponds to the gear position of the first gear shift assembly 36 through the hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8, and the hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8 is transmission-connected to the steering control assembly.

[0023] Among them, the steering control assembly includes a hydraulic pump 13 and a hydraulic motor 18 connected to it. The hydraulic pump 13 is installed on a hydraulic pump speed change assembly 11 and is connected to the hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8. The hydraulic motor 18 is connected to the travel speed change assembly 38 through a steering gear set and inputs steering power with opposite rotation directions to the left and right travel half-axles of the travel speed change assembly 38.

[0024] Specifically, the hydraulic pump speed change assembly 11 is provided with a hydraulic pump power input transition shaft 9, and a hydraulic pump power input transition gear 10 is provided on the hydraulic pump power input transition shaft 9, which is engaged with the hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8. The hydraulic pump power input transition gear 10 is engaged with a hydraulic pump power input driven gear 12 provided on the input shaft of the hydraulic pump 13. The hydraulic pump 13 is provided with a reversing handle. By turning the reversing handle, the hydraulic pump 13 can drive the hydraulic motor 18 to switch between forward rotation, stop rotation, and reverse rotation.

[0025] Thus, in the forward gear, the meshing sleeve 17 meshes with the forward gear driven gear 16, and the power passes through: clutch shaft 2 → forward gear driving gear 15 → forward gear driven gear 16 → meshing sleeve 17 → speed change driven shaft 7 → hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8 → hydraulic pump power input transition gear 10 → hydraulic pump power input driven gear 12 → hydraulic pump 13, causing the hydraulic pump 13 to rotate in the forward direction. When the hydraulic pump reversing handle 14 is in the left turn position, the hydraulic pump 13 outputs forward hydraulic power through the hydraulic oil pipe 35, driving the hydraulic motor 18 to rotate in the forward direction; when the hydraulic pump reversing handle 14 is in the right turn position, the hydraulic pump 13 outputs reverse hydraulic power, driving the hydraulic motor 18 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the steering power matches the forward direction.

[0026] In reverse gear: the engagement sleeve 17 meshes with the reverse driven gear 6, and power passes through: clutch shaft 2 → reverse driving gear 3 → reverse transition gear 4 → reverse driven gear 6 → engagement sleeve 17 → speed change driven shaft 7 → hydraulic pump power input driving gear 8 → hydraulic pump power input transition gear 10 → hydraulic pump power input driven gear 12 → hydraulic pump 13, and the hydraulic pump 13 rotates in the reverse direction. When the hydraulic pump reversing handle 14 is in the left turn position, the hydraulic pump 13 outputs reverse hydraulic power through the hydraulic oil pipe 35, driving the hydraulic motor 18 to rotate in the reverse direction; when the hydraulic pump reversing handle 14 is in the right turn position, the hydraulic pump 13 outputs forward hydraulic power, driving the hydraulic motor 18 to rotate in the forward direction, so that the steering power matches the reverse direction.

[0027] When the hydraulic pump reversing handle 14 is in the middle position, the hydraulic pump 13 has no hydraulic power output, the hydraulic motor 18 is in a hydraulic locking state, and no steering power is output.

[0028] The reversing gear set 39 includes a steering driving gear 27 arranged on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 18, and a steering driven gear 28 meshing with the steering driving gear 27. The steering driven gear 28 is connected to the left side of the travel half-shaft of the travel speed change assembly 38, and is connected to the right side of the travel half-shaft of the travel speed change assembly 38 through the steering transition gear 29 arranged on the steering transition shaft 30, so that the hydraulic motor 18 inputs steering power with opposite rotation directions to the left and right travel half-shafts of the travel speed change assembly 38.

[0029] Specifically, the travel speed change assembly 38 includes a sun gear shaft 22, on which a large bevel gear 21 is provided, and the large bevel gear 21 is meshed with a small bevel gear 20 provided on a small bevel gear shaft 19, and the small bevel gear shaft 19 is transmission connected to the second gear switching assembly 37; the two ends of the sun gear shaft 22 are respectively connected to the left planetary speed gear set and the right planetary speed gear set, and are respectively used to drive the left and right travel half-axes corresponding to the left and right tracks, namely the left half-axle 24 and the right half-axle 34, wherein the left planetary speed gear set is transmission connected to the steering driven gear 28, and the right planetary speed gear set is transmission connected to the steering transition gear 29.

[0030] The left planetary speed change gear set includes a left sun gear provided on a sun gear shaft 22, and a left planetary carrier 23. The left planetary carrier 23 is provided with a left planetary gear 25 meshing with the left sun gear. The left planetary carrier 23 is connected to the left half shaft 24. The left planetary gear set also includes a left inner ring gear 26. The inner teeth of the left inner ring gear 26 mesh with the left planetary gear 25, and the outer teeth mesh with the steering driven gear 28.

[0031] The right planetary speed gear set includes a right sun gear arranged on the sun gear shaft 22, and a right planetary carrier 33, the right planetary carrier 33 is provided with a right planetary gear 32 meshing with the right sun gear, and the right planetary carrier 33 is connected to the right half shaft 34; it also includes a right inner ring gear 31, the inner teeth of the right inner ring gear 31 are meshed with the right planetary gear 32, and the outer teeth are meshed with the steering transition gear 29.

[0032] In this way, when the second gear shift assembly 37 outputs a low speed, the speed of the sun gear shaft 22 is low, that is, the left sun gear and the right sun gear are at a low speed, and the hydraulic motor 18 inputs a certain speed to the right inner ring gear 31 through the steering transition gear 29. At the same time, the hydraulic motor 18 inputs a certain speed to the left inner ring gear 26 through the steering driven gear 28, and the speeds of the two are opposite. In this way, the speeds of the left inner ring gear 26 and the left sun gear are superimposed, and the speeds of the right inner ring gear 31 and the right sun gear are superimposed, so that the left half shaft 24 and the right half shaft 34 generate rotation. Speed ​​difference, or opposite speeds are generated. In actual applications, the fuel engine outputs at the rated speed, the speed of the hydraulic motor 18 is relatively stable, and the final speeds of the left half-shaft 24 and the right half-shaft 34 are controlled by the output of the second gear shift assembly 37. When the low-speed gear is in low gear, the left half-shaft 24 and the right half-shaft 34 rotate forward and reverse to achieve a U-turn on the spot (turning a sharp turn), and when the high-speed gear is in high gear, the left half-shaft 24 and the right half-shaft 34 rotate in the same direction at a differential speed, thereby achieving a large-radius turn (turning a large turn), which can effectively prevent overturning and ensure the safety of operations in hilly areas.

[0033] In summary, the present invention:

[0034] 1. The hydraulic pump is installed on the driven shaft after the forward gear and reverse gear are switched. The rotation direction of the hydraulic pump matches the forward gear or reverse gear direction. When the tractor is moving forward and reverse, the steering control direction is consistent with the actual movement direction, which is more in line with the steering operation habits, thereby avoiding safety accidents.

[0035] 2. The hydraulic pump is powered by a variable speed driven shaft, and the input speed is constant, so that the hydraulic pump is always in rated working conditions and the hydraulic transmission efficiency is high.

[0036] 3. The steering speed flow is not affected by gear changes, and can realize the forward and reverse rotation of the crawler tracks at low speeds, i.e., making sharp turns at low speeds; and realize the same-direction differential steering of the two crawlers at high speeds, i.e., making large turns at high speeds, ensuring the safety of the tractor in hilly and complex terrain conditions.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solution. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that those modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steering transmission structure for a crawler tractor, characterized by: The transmission assembly comprises a fuel engine, a transmission assembly and a steering control assembly. The fuel engine inputs power to the transmission assembly through a clutch shaft. The transmission assembly comprises a first gear shift assembly and a second gear shift assembly in transmission connection. The first gear shift assembly is in transmission connection with the clutch shaft, and the second gear shift assembly is used to input power to the travel speed change assembly. The first gear shift assembly is used to switch between forward and reverse gears, and the second gear shift assembly is used to switch between different speed gears. The first gear switching assembly is transmission-connected to the steering control assembly. The steering control assembly can input a first power to the travel speed change assembly under the drive of the first gear switching assembly. The first power includes a forward steering power or a reverse steering power corresponding to the gear of the first gear switching assembly, so that the left and right travel half-axles of the travel speed change assembly can generate a speed difference under the superposition of the first power and the power input by the second gear switching assembly, so as to drive the tracks on both sides to achieve steering.

2. The steering transmission structure of a crawler tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gear shift assembly includes a speed change driven shaft, on which a reverse gear driven gear, a forward gear driven gear and a hydraulic pump power input driving gear are provided. When the forward gear is selected, the forward gear driven gear is meshed with the forward gear driving gear provided on the clutch shaft. When the reverse gear is selected, the reverse gear driven gear is meshed with the reverse gear driving gear provided on the clutch shaft through a reverse gear transition gear provided on the reverse gear transition shaft, so that the rotation direction of the hydraulic pump power input driving gear corresponds to the gear position of the first gear shift assembly. The hydraulic pump power input driving gear is transmission-connected to the steering control assembly.

3. The steering transmission structure of a crawler tractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steering control assembly includes a hydraulic pump, which is installed on a hydraulic pump speed change component and is transmission-connected to a hydraulic pump power input driving gear.

4. The steering transmission structure of a crawler tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic pump speed change assembly is provided with a hydraulic pump power input transition shaft, and the hydraulic pump power input transition shaft is provided with a hydraulic pump power input transition gear that is meshed with the hydraulic pump power input driving gear. The hydraulic pump power input transition gear is meshed with the hydraulic pump power input driven gear arranged on the input shaft of the hydraulic pump.

5. The steering transmission structure of a crawler tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic pump is provided with a reversing handle, and by turning the reversing handle, the hydraulic pump can input forward steering power or reverse steering power or no steering power to the travel speed change assembly.

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