Unilateral rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristic

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile damping, and discloses a unilateral rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristic, which comprises an auxiliary spring support, a variable stiffness rubber block vulcanized together is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary spring support, and the variable stiffness rubber block comprises a connecting plate and a collision plate which are positioned at two ends. More than two rubber sub-blocks with the same peripheral size are integrally vulcanized between the connecting plate and the collision plate, the rubber sub-blocks are sequentially arranged according to the hardness, and the hardness of the rubber sub-blocks close to the connecting plate is the highest; rubber with more than two kinds of hardness is used, the top end of the rubber auxiliary spring is soft, and the bottom end of the rubber auxiliary spring is hard, so that variable rigidity is achieved, and switching of first-level rigidity, second-level rigidity or multi-level rigidity is achieved under the medium-load working condition and the heavy-load working condition respectively. More than two kinds of rigidities are realized under the condition that the sizes of the top end and the bottom end of the rubber auxiliary spring are kept consistent; the weight is light, the structure is compact, the comfort in light load can be guaranteed, the supporting effect in heavy load can also be guaranteed, and the service life is greatly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile shock absorption, in particular to a single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics. Background Art

[0002] In the automobile suspension system, the auxiliary spring is required to have low stiffness under light load to ensure comfort. Under heavy load, the stiffness should be high to ensure load bearing. The auxiliary spring mainly contacts the main spring when the vehicle load reaches a certain value. The main and auxiliary springs bear the load together and increase the stiffness of the suspension, so as to prevent the vibration frequency of the vehicle body from changing too much due to the increase in load. In the existing technology, the auxiliary spring mostly adopts the method of small top end and large bottom end to achieve variable stiffness to meet the vehicle's suspension stiffness requirements under different loads. The disadvantage of this structure is that the small top part has a limited service life due to frequent compression and heavy loads. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with a unified upper and lower structure, two or more stiffnesses, which can ensure comfort under light loads, support under heavy loads, reduce friction and abnormal noise, save installation space, and have a long service life and variable stiffness characteristics.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics, including an auxiliary spring bracket, on which a variable stiffness rubber block is fixedly installed, and the variable stiffness rubber block includes a connecting plate and a collision plate located at both ends, and two or more rubber sub-blocks with the same outer circumferential size are integrally vulcanized between the connecting plate and the collision plate, and the rubber sub-blocks are arranged in sequence according to their hardness. The hardness of the rubber sub-block close to the connecting plate is the largest, and the hardness of the rubber sub-block close to the collision plate is the smallest. The connecting plate and the collision plate are both flat plates.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution, there are two rubber sub-blocks, namely a top rubber block and a bottom rubber block, and the hardness of the top rubber block is smaller than that of the bottom rubber block.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the hardness of the top rubber block is 50HS, and the hardness of the bottom rubber block is 70HS.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the outer peripheral surface of the bottom rubber block is provided with horizontal corrugations.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a pressure plate assembly used in conjunction with the variable stiffness rubber block, the pressure plate assembly includes a pressure plate bracket, a pressure plate is fixedly mounted on the pressure plate bracket, and the pressure plate is a flat plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the pressing plate is a rubber pressing plate or a polyurethane pressing plate.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the outer peripheral surface of one end of the top rubber block close to the collision plate is a smooth plane, and the outer peripheral surface of one end of the top rubber block away from the collision plate is provided with horizontal corrugations.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the intervals between the horizontal corrugations are equal.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the cross sections of the connecting plate and the collision plate are both rectangular, the cross section of the rubber sub-block is also rectangular, and the cross sections of the connecting plate and the collision plate are larger than the cross section of the rubber sub-block.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the connecting plate and the collision plate are both iron plates.

[0014] Due to the above technical solution, a single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics includes an auxiliary spring bracket, on which a variable stiffness rubber block is fixedly mounted. The variable stiffness rubber block includes a connecting plate and a collision plate at each end. Two or more rubber sub-blocks of uniform outer circumference are integrally vulcanized between the connecting plate and the collision plate. The rubber sub-blocks are arranged in order of hardness, with the rubber sub-blocks closer to the connecting plate having the greatest hardness and the rubber sub-blocks closer to the collision plate having the least hardness. Both the connecting plate and the collision plate are flat plates. The advantageous effect of the present invention is that the present invention utilizes two or more rubbers, including two different hardnesses, to vulcanize a single rubber auxiliary spring with two or more stiffnesses. The rubber auxiliary spring has a soft top end and a hard bottom end, thereby achieving variable stiffness, enabling switching between primary, secondary, or multiple stiffness levels under medium and heavy load conditions. Furthermore, the rubber auxiliary spring avoids the problem of a variable stiffness structure with a smaller top end and a larger bottom end, and can achieve two or more stiffness levels while maintaining the same size at the top and bottom ends. The utility model is light in weight, compact in structure, and makes effective use of space; it has large elastic deformation and ideal nonlinear characteristics in stiffness; it has high internal resistance, good absorption effect for sudden impact and high-frequency vibration, low working noise, easy installation and disassembly, and can effectively reduce the mass of the structure itself, thus ensuring comfort under light load and support under heavy load, and greatly improving the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The following drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model's single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A-direction view in;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0019] In the figure: 1- auxiliary spring bracket; 2- top rubber block; 3- bottom rubber block; 4- pressure plate; 5- pressure plate bracket; 6- bolt; 7- connecting plate; 8- collision plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In the detailed description that follows, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration only. It goes without saying that those skilled in the art will recognize that the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics includes an auxiliary spring bracket 1, on which a variable stiffness rubber block is fixedly mounted. The variable stiffness rubber block includes a connecting plate 7 and a collision plate 8 at each end. Two or more rubber sub-blocks of uniform outer circumference are integrally vulcanized between the connecting plate 7 and the collision plate 8. The rubber sub-blocks are arranged in order of hardness, with the rubber sub-blocks closer to the connecting plate 7 having the highest hardness and the rubber sub-blocks closer to the collision plate 8 having the lowest hardness. Both the connecting plate 7 and the collision plate 8 are flat plates. The present invention utilizes two or more rubbers of two different hardnesses, vulcanized to produce a single rubber auxiliary spring with two different stiffnesses. The rubber auxiliary spring has a soft top and a hard bottom, thereby achieving variable stiffness, enabling switching between primary, secondary, or multiple stiffness levels under medium and heavy load conditions. This avoids the problem of a variable stiffness structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom, allowing the rubber auxiliary spring to achieve two or more stiffness levels while maintaining consistent dimensions at the top and bottom. The utility model is light in weight, compact in structure, and makes effective use of space; it has large elastic deformation and ideal nonlinear characteristics in stiffness; it has high internal resistance, good absorption effect for sudden impact and high-frequency vibration, low working noise, easy installation and disassembly, and can effectively reduce the mass of the structure itself, thus ensuring comfort under light load and support under heavy load, and greatly improving the service life.

[0022] The upper end of the rubber auxiliary spring is fixedly connected to the auxiliary spring bracket 1 by a bolt 6. The auxiliary spring bracket 1 is fixed to the vehicle frame. The rubber pressure plate 4 is fixed to the main leaf spring. The rubber auxiliary spring and the rubber pressure plate 4 are used in conjunction with each other. When the vehicle is unloaded or lightly loaded, only the rubber main spring works, and the rubber auxiliary spring does not contact the rubber pressure plate 4. When a certain load is reached, the rubber auxiliary spring contacts the rubber pressure plate 4. The suspension system is jointly acted upon by the main spring and the auxiliary spring, so that the suspension has three levels of stiffness, namely the stiffness borne only by the main spring when unloaded, the stiffness of the top end of the rubber auxiliary spring coupled with the stiffness of the rubber main spring, and the stiffness of the bottom end of the rubber auxiliary spring coupled with the stiffness of the rubber main spring when heavily loaded.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, there are two rubber sub-blocks: a top rubber block 2 and a bottom rubber block 3. The top rubber block 2 has a lower hardness than the bottom rubber block 3. Because of its lower hardness, the top rubber block 2 takes effect first when the rubber secondary spring contacts the rubber pressure plate 4. Under heavy loads, the bottom rubber block 3 takes effect. Preferably, the hardness of the top rubber block 2 is 50HS, and the hardness of the bottom rubber block 3 is 70HS.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the outer peripheral surface of the bottom rubber block 3 is provided with horizontal corrugations. The setting of the horizontal corrugations can generate secondary shock absorbing stiffness on the one hand, and prolong the service life of the bottom rubber block 3 on the other hand.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the device also includes a pressure plate assembly for use with the variable-rigidity rubber block. The pressure plate assembly includes a pressure plate bracket 5, to which a pressure plate 4 is fixedly mounted. The pressure plate 4 is a flat plate. The pressure plate 4 is a rubber or polyurethane pressure plate. The size of the pressure plate 4 is preferably smaller than that of the collision plate 8. When the two contact, the planes are facing each other, resulting in a larger contact area, more even force distribution, and a longer service life.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the outer surface of the top rubber block 2 near the rubber pressure plate 4 is smooth, while the outer surface of the top rubber block 2 away from the rubber pressure plate 4 is provided with horizontal corrugations. The smooth outer surface of the end of the top rubber block 2 near the rubber pressure plate 4 is because this is the first place to contact the rubber pressure plate 4, where the impact is greater. The absence of horizontal corrugations improves stability during a collision.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the spacing between the horizontal corrugations is equal.

[0028] The cross-sections of the connecting plate 7 and the collision plate 8 are both rectangular, as are the cross-sections of the rubber sub-blocks. The cross-sections of the connecting plate 7 and the collision plate 8 are larger than the cross-sections of the rubber sub-blocks. Both the connecting plate 7 and the collision plate 8 are made of iron or stainless steel. A rectangular shape is preferred for ease of processing, high strength, and ease of installation. Cylindrical or other shapes are also acceptable.

[0029] The present invention first forms and presses half of the auxiliary spring, then places it into a mold and injects glue for vulcanization, resulting in a product that is half soft and half hard. Rubbers of varying hardness are compounded in the same sequential manner. The pressure plate 4 is made of rubber or polyurethane and is vulcanized with the pressure plate bracket 5. The pressure plate bracket 5 is made of cast iron or cast steel, with grooves on both sides secured to the main leaf spring via U-bolts. The auxiliary spring bracket 1 is an iron piece with mounting holes on the underside for connection to the vehicle frame and mounting holes on the wing surface for connection to a variable-stiffness rubber block. By using rubbers of varying hardness for vulcanization, the present invention achieves a single rubber auxiliary spring with two levels of stiffness, expanding the range of auxiliary springs and achieving a suspension with three levels of stiffness. This effectively addresses the sudden frequency deviation of the suspension when the vehicle is unloaded, medium-loaded, and fully loaded, ensuring a smooth and comfortable ride. When the vehicle is underloaded, the rubber auxiliary spring and the rubber main spring are not in contact, and only the main spring carries the load in the suspension system, resulting in a lower stiffness and improved vehicle ride comfort. When the load reaches a certain level, the rubber auxiliary spring contacts the rubber main spring, and the deformation of the two begins to couple, increasing the stiffness of the suspension. In the suspension system, the rubber main spring and the rubber auxiliary spring jointly participate in the load-bearing. The lower stiffness portion of the upper end of the rubber auxiliary spring ensures that the vehicle avoids frequency deviation mutations while carrying a certain load, effectively ensuring the smoothness of the vehicle's driving. When the load increases further, the higher stiffness portion of the lower end of the rubber auxiliary spring can ensure that vibration isolation and support functions can still be maintained under heavy load conditions. Compared with traditional auxiliary springs, the utility model has a unified upper and lower structure and two types of stiffness. It can ensure comfort under light loads and support under heavy loads, reducing the weight of the suspension, reducing friction and abnormal noise, saving installation space, and greatly improving the service life.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics, comprising an auxiliary spring bracket (1), characterized in that: A variable stiffness rubber block is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary spring bracket (1), and the variable stiffness rubber block includes a connecting plate (7) and a collision plate (8) located at both ends. Two or more rubber sub-blocks with the same outer circumferential size are integrally vulcanized between the connecting plate (7) and the collision plate (8). The rubber sub-blocks are arranged in order of hardness. The rubber sub-block close to the connecting plate (7) has the greatest hardness, and the rubber sub-block close to the collision plate (8) has the smallest hardness. The connecting plate (7) and the collision plate (8) are both flat plates.

2. The single-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two rubber sub-blocks, namely a top rubber block (2) and a bottom rubber block (3). The hardness of the top rubber block (2) is smaller than the hardness of the bottom rubber block (3).

3. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hardness of the top rubber block (2) is 50HS, and the hardness of the bottom rubber block (3) is 70HS.

4. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 2, wherein: The outer peripheral surface of the bottom rubber block (3) is provided with horizontal corrugations.

5. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure plate assembly used in conjunction with the variable stiffness rubber block, the pressure plate assembly including a pressure plate bracket (5), a pressure plate (4) fixedly mounted on the pressure plate bracket (5), and the pressure plate (4) is a flat plate.

6. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing plate (4) is a rubber pressing plate or a polyurethane pressing plate.

7. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of one end of the top rubber block (2) close to the collision plate (8) is a smooth plane, and the outer peripheral surface of one end of the top rubber block (2) away from the collision plate (8) is provided with horizontal corrugations.

8. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 4 or 7, characterized in that: The horizontal corrugations are spaced equally apart.

9. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the connecting plate (7) and the collision plate (8) are both rectangular, and the cross-section of the rubber sub-block is also rectangular. The cross-sections of the connecting plate (7) and the collision plate (8) are larger than the cross-section of the rubber sub-block.

10. The one-sided rubber auxiliary spring with variable stiffness characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (7) and the collision plate (8) are both iron plates.

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