Monitoring and monitoring system for treated landslide

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of landslide treatment monitoring and monitoring, and particularly discloses a monitoring and monitoring system for a treated landslide, which comprises the treated landslide, and a rain gauge, a crack meter, a displacement meter and a data acquisition instrument are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the section of the treated landslide. Two displacement meters, a soil water content meter and an inclinometer are sequentially arranged on the surface of a slope of the treated landslide section, a video monitor is arranged at the bottom of the treated landslide section, and the rain gauge, the crack meter, the displacement meters, the soil water content meter, the inclinometer and the video monitor are connected with a data acquisition instrument through wires. The data acquisition instrument is connected with the communication base station through signal transmission; a wireless communication mode is used for transmission, the manpower expenditure is reduced, the working difficulty of workers is relieved, the situation that field data monitoring is carried out by wind and rain is avoided, meanwhile, the wireless communication transmission mode reduces the trouble of line arrangement, the workload is relieved, and the material expenditure is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of landslide control monitoring and surveillance, and in particular relates to a monitoring and surveillance system for controlled landslides. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and mudslides have occurred frequently both domestically and internationally. A landslide is a natural phenomenon in which soil or rock on a slope slides downward, either in whole or in discrete pieces, along structural surfaces such as weak surfaces or zones under the influence of gravity, due to factors such as earthquakes, tectonic shifts, crustal movement, precipitation, river erosion, groundwater activity, and human damage.

[0003] Landslides are a common geological disaster, causing significant direct and indirect economic losses. With the continuous expansion of human activities, especially engineering activities, the frequency and likelihood of landslides are increasing, and the harm they pose to society is also gradually increasing. However, most research on landslide monitoring, both domestically and internationally, focuses on monitoring before landslide remediation: monitoring the slope to analyze the potential for landslides before implementing remediation measures. However, research on post-remediation landslide monitoring is limited. Therefore, a highly accurate, targeted, and user-friendly monitoring and control system for optimizing the design of post-remediation landslide monitoring layouts is urgently needed to address the lack of early warning and effective prediction of post-remediation landslides, enabling timely disaster relief efforts, avoiding major accidents, and minimizing economic losses and casualties. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a monitoring system for a controlled landslide, so as to solve the problems of being unable to predict the early warning of the controlled landslide in advance and being unable to effectively predict the occurrence of the landslide.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A monitoring system for a controlled landslide comprises a controlled landslide, wherein a rain gauge, a crack meter, a displacement meter and a data acquisition instrument are sequentially provided on the top surface of the controlled landslide section, two displacement meters, a soil moisture meter and an inclinometer are sequentially provided on the slope surface of the controlled landslide section, a video monitor is provided on the bottom of the controlled landslide section, the rain gauge, crack meter, displacement meter, soil moisture meter, inclinometer and video monitor are connected to the data acquisition instrument via wires, and the data acquisition instrument is connected to a communication base station via signal transmission.

[0007] Preferably, an inclinometer, a groundwater level meter and a pore water pressure meter are sequentially buried in the deep part of the slope of the treated landslide profile, and the inclinometer, groundwater level meter and pore water pressure meter are connected to a data acquisition instrument via wires.

[0008] Preferably, the rain gauge, crack meter and displacement meter are provided with solar cells, which are used to power the system.

[0009] Preferably, a drone is provided on the surface of the controlled landslide slope, and a monitoring camera is provided on the drone, and the monitoring camera is signal-connected to a data acquisition instrument.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0011] 1. The utility model can obtain relevant data information on the landslide that has been controlled through instruments such as rain gauges, crack meters, displacement meters, inclinometers, groundwater level meters, pore water pressure meters, drones, soil moisture meters, inclinometers, and video monitors. It adopts a solar charging mode to avoid information interruption caused by power problems. The collected data information is collected by the data acquisition instrument and transmitted to the communication base station through signals. The data is further transmitted to the cloud platform and enters the disaster monitoring center. Experts and relevant personnel discuss and analyze the stability of the landslide by discussing the data. The wireless communication method reduces manpower expenditure and alleviates the work difficulties of the staff. It avoids the situation of on-site data monitoring in wind and rain. At the same time, the wireless communication transmission method reduces the trouble of laying lines, reduces workload, and saves material expenditure.

[0012] 2. This utility model uses displacement meters, inclinometers, crack meters, inclinometers, rain gauges, etc. to monitor deformation of the slope surface and depth, providing more comprehensive monitoring information. It also uses remote cameras for real-time monitoring, ensuring timely monitoring of slope changes and effectively preventing disasters caused by landslides. Drones are used to take photos on a regular basis and transmit them to the system for inspection and observation, making inspections more detailed. This monitoring system can detect and transmit data on controlled landslides. Using this monitoring data, numerical modeling is used to analyze the stability of the landslide, enabling targeted and effective control measures and optimized designs. This reduces engineering workload, saves engineering materials, and reduces the possibility of expensive projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram for kinetic energy calculation;

[0015] Figure 3 is an infinite slope model;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a landslide warning map;

[0017] In the picture: 1. Rain gauge, 2. Crack gauge, 3. Displacement meter, 4. Solar cell, 5. Data logger, 6. Inclinometer, 7. Groundwater level meter, 8. Pore water pressure gauge, 9. Drone, 10. Soil moisture meter, 11. Anti-slide pile, 12. Inclinometer, 13. Video monitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0019] like Figure 1 The monitoring system for a controlled landslide shown in the figure includes a controlled landslide. The top surface of the controlled landslide section is provided with a rain gauge 1 (model: JMYL-1Y), a crack meter 2 (model: JMDL-2350AT), a displacement meter 3 (model: JMDL-3250AT) and a data acquisition device 5 (model: JMTX-2020). The slope surface of the controlled landslide section is provided with two displacement meters 3, a soil moisture meter 10 (model: JMSF-1I) and an inclinometer 12 (model: BGK6151-MEMS). The inclinometer 12 is installed below the anti-slide pile 11. The bottom of the controlled landslide section is provided with a video monitoring system. The device 13, the rain gauge 1, the crack meter 2, the displacement meter 3, the soil moisture device 10, the inclinometer 12 and the video monitor 13 are connected to the data acquisition instrument 5 through wires. The data acquisition instrument 5 is connected to the communication base station through signal transmission. The key areas of the surface of the controlled landslide are dynamically monitored. The safety hazards and dangers of the landslide are analyzed through the ground field investigation data; the surface of the controlled landslide is equipped with a drone 9, and the drone 9 is equipped with a monitoring camera. The monitoring camera is connected to the data acquisition instrument 5 by signal. Periodic photogrammetry is then performed through the drone 9, and real-time monitoring is performed with the video monitor 13. The early landslide is analyzed and judged through the displacement of the landslide surface. Early warning of the landslide is carried out. Inclinometer 6 (model: JMQJ-7915ATS), groundwater level meter 7 (model: JMYC-6710AD) and pore water pressure meter 8 (model: JMZX-5510HB) are buried in the deep part of the slope of the controlled landslide section in sequence. Inclinometer 6, groundwater level meter 7 and pore water pressure meter 8 are connected to data acquisition instrument 5 through wires. The above devices are buried in the deep part of the slope of the controlled landslide section to monitor deep deformation and convert the monitored displacement data into the moving speed of the monitoring section. , (like Figure 2) can determine the kinetic energy variation pattern of the soil deep within the landslide, and incorporate pre-set early warning indicators to identify the landslide's state: during the initial deformation phase, kinetic energy should increase and then decrease; during the uniform deformation phase, kinetic energy remains constant; and during the accelerated deformation phase, kinetic energy gradually increases. Compared to traditional monitoring equipment, this system can more accurately identify the accelerated deformation phase and the impending landslide phase.

[0020] According to the data collection of rainfall and groundwater level on site, the threshold curve of rainfall and groundwater level is fitted, and the infinite slope model (such as Figure 3 ), calculate the rainfall threshold and groundwater level threshold for landslides, and provide effective early warning for landslide stability. Its advantage is that it can understand the internal rupture and shear sliding of landslides earlier, and can combine deformation mechanism and inducing factors to understand the activity characteristics and development trend of the sliding surface, so as to issue timely and effective early warning before the disaster occurs (such as Figure 4 ).

[0021] The rain gauge 1, crack meter 2 and displacement meter 3 are provided with solar cells 4, which are used to power the system to solve the power supply problem of the system and prevent power outages caused by natural disasters such as rain and earthquakes from affecting the operation of the monitoring system.

[0022] When in use, first place the above-mentioned detection instruments on the landslide surface, deep part of the landslide and at the bottom of the landslide in sequence, and then connect the instruments to the data acquisition instrument 5 through wires. The rain gauge 1 is used to measure the precipitation on the landslide surface, the crack meter 2 is used to detect cracks on the landslide surface, the displacement meter 3 is used to detect the deformation displacement of the landslide surface, the inclinometer is used to detect the top angle and azimuth of the landslide surface, the groundwater level meter 7 is used to detect the rise and fall of groundwater in the depth of the landslide, the pore water pressure meter 8 is used to detect the internal pore water pressure in the depth of the landslide, and the soil moisture meter 10 is used to detect the depth of the landslide. The moisture content of the internal soil, the inclinometer 12 is used to detect the inclination of the slope of the landslide surface, the drone 9 is used to perform periodic photogrammetry of the landslide surface, and the video monitor 13 is used to monitor the landslide surface in real time. The above instruments transmit the detected data to the data acquisition instrument 5 in turn using wires or signals, and the data acquisition instrument 5 then transmits the data to the communication base station or Beidou satellite navigation system by radio, and then further transmits the data to the cloud platform and enters the disaster monitoring center. Experts and relevant personnel discuss and analyze the data to understand the stability of the landslide.

[0023] For slopes prone to landslide hazards, timely collection of hydrogeological data and landslide control construction drawings is conducted. Parameter data on the bulk density, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, and internal friction angle of each lithology layer at selected typical sections is collected. Construction drawings of typical sections of landslide control measures, including anti-slide piles, anchor cables, and retaining walls, are also selected for development. A Midas GTS 2D model is constructed, with boundary constraints, deadweight load, pore water pressure, and other analysis conditions set. Material parameters are input, properties are established, and a grid is created for 3D modeling. Based on local rainfall and groundwater flow, landslide models are simulated under different conditions. Displacement cloud maps and the degree of plastic zone penetration obtained through numerical simulation are then used to further determine the stability of the landslide. Landslide control designs are then conducted at the most dangerous sliding surfaces and stress concentration areas to effectively prevent and control landslide hazards.

[0024] Based on the modeling data analysis, different types of control measures can be implemented based on the extent of the sliding zone, such as retaining walls, anti-slide piles, anchor cables, and fill-and-cut. Alternatively, a comprehensive approach can be implemented, combining the advantages of multiple control measures. Existing landslide control measures can also be optimized, such as adding retaining wall buttresses, reducing the spacing between anti-slide piles, increasing the depth of anti-slide piles, and increasing the number of anchor cables. Numerical simulations of the various proposed control schemes are then performed using Midas GTS. Using the Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion and the strength reduction method (SRM), the slope stability safety factor (Fst) is compared with the safety factor (FS) calculated from the numerical simulations. FS < 1.00 indicates instability; 1.00 ≤ FS ≤ 1.05 indicates understability; 1.05 ≤ FS ≤ Fst indicates basic stability; and FS ≥ Fst indicates stability. Finally, the optimal design scheme for the controlled landslide is selected based on the principles of safety, economy, applicability, and aesthetics.

[0025] The comprehensive monitoring program monitors the landslide surface, deep landslide and landslide photography from multiple aspects, providing sufficient information for landslide early warning and helping to fully and deeply understand the landslide process.

Claims

1. A monitoring system for a controlled landslide, comprising: The top surface of the controlled landslide section is provided with a rain gauge (1), a crack meter (2), a displacement meter (3) and a data acquisition device (5) in sequence. The slope surface of the controlled landslide section is provided with two displacement meters (3), a soil moisture device (10) and an inclinometer (12) in sequence. The bottom of the controlled landslide section is provided with a video monitor (13). The rain gauge (1), the crack meter (2), the displacement meter (3), the soil moisture device (10), the inclinometer (12) and the video monitor (13) are connected to the data acquisition device (5) through wires. The data acquisition device (5) is connected to a communication base station through signal transmission.

2. The monitoring system for a controlled landslide according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclinometer (6), a groundwater level meter (7), and a pore water pressure meter (8) are sequentially buried in the deep part of the slope of the treated landslide profile. The inclinometer (6), the groundwater level meter (7), and the pore water pressure meter (8) are connected to the data acquisition device (5) via wires.

3. The monitoring system for a controlled landslide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rain gauge (1), crack meter (2) and displacement meter (3) are provided with solar cells (4), and the solar cells (4) are used to supply power to the system.

4. The monitoring system for a controlled landslide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drone (9) is provided on the surface of the controlled landslide slope, and a monitoring camera is provided on the drone (9), and the monitoring camera is signal-connected to the data acquisition device (5).

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