Indoor and outdoor universal optical cable

Abstract

The utility model relates to an indoor and outdoor universal optical cable, comprising an optical fiber unit; the buffer layer is coated outside the optical fiber unit, at least two buffer grooves are formed in the outer side of the buffer layer, the buffer grooves are arranged along the extension direction of the optical cable, the two buffer grooves are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the optical cable, and the buffer grooves can be used as suspension grooves; and the sheath layer wraps the buffer layer, a stripping strip is embedded in the position, corresponding to the buffer groove, in the sheath layer, the stripping strip is embedded in the inner side of the sheath layer, the stripping strip is made of a flexible material, and the shearing force capable of being borne by the stripping strip is relatively smaller than that capable of being borne by the sheath layer. The utility model provides an indoor and outdoor universal optical cable, which not only can meet the protection requirement in an outdoor severe environment, but also can be bent at a large angle indoors, and is convenient to install and fix indoors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of structural design of optical cables, in particular to a universal indoor and outdoor optical cable. Background Art

[0002] With the development of information technology, fiber-optic communications have been widely used in various information transmission systems due to their advantages such as high transmission rate, long transmission distance, and strong anti-interference ability. The demand for optical cables is growing, especially in mixed indoor and outdoor network environments. However, traditional optical cable designs often fail to meet the requirements of both indoor and outdoor use.

[0003] To facilitate wiring, indoor optical cables are typically designed to be flexible and adaptable to complex wiring environments. However, this design also makes indoor optical cables susceptible to external physical damage when used outdoors, such as UV aging and mechanical damage, which can affect the cable's service life and communication quality.

[0004] On the other hand, although outdoor optical cables have strong protective capabilities, their structural design is relatively rigid and not easy to bend, which makes them difficult to operate during indoor wiring, especially when large-angle bending is required, which may cause the risk of optical fiber breakage; in addition, the stripping process of outdoor optical cables is complicated, which increases the difficulty and cost of construction.

[0005] Therefore, developing a universal indoor and outdoor optical cable that can meet the protection requirements in harsh outdoor environments and can be bent and installed indoors has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0006] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the existing technology that indoor and outdoor optical cables cannot be used universally, and to provide an indoor and outdoor universal optical cable that can not only meet the protection needs in harsh outdoor environments, but also can be bent at large angles indoors and is easy to install and fix indoors.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a universal indoor and outdoor optical cable, comprising:

[0008] Fiber optic unit;

[0009] a buffer layer, covering the outside of the optical fiber unit, with at least two buffer grooves being provided on the outside of the buffer layer, the buffer grooves being arranged along the extension direction of the optical cable, the two buffer grooves being symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the optical cable, and the buffer grooves being capable of serving as suspension grooves;

[0010] The sheath layer is wrapped around the buffer layer, and a peeling strip is embedded in the sheath layer at a position corresponding to the buffer groove. The peeling strip is embedded on the inner side of the sheath layer. The peeling strip is made of a flexible material, and the shear force that the peeling strip can withstand is relatively smaller than the shear force that the sheath layer can withstand.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical fiber unit includes: scattered optical fibers, ribbon optical fibers, or optical fiber bundles.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer is filled with water-blocking fiber paste.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer is made of a transparent material.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of buffer grooves are provided on the outside of the buffer layer, and the plurality of buffer grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the optical cable around the center.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the peeling strip is a silicone strip.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a mark is provided on the outside of the sheath layer at a position corresponding to the peeling strip.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sheath layer is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant material.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, a reinforcement layer is further provided between the buffer layer and the jacket layer.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, a water-blocking layer is further provided between the buffer layer and the jacket layer.

[0020] The above technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The indoor and outdoor universal optical cable described in the utility model is provided with an optical fiber unit and a buffer layer to constitute the indoor use part, and a sheath layer is provided to cover the buffer layer to constitute the outdoor use part. During actual use, the optical cable can be directly laid outdoors, and the sheath layer can support and protect the optical fiber unit and the buffer layer. When the optical cable is introduced into the room, the sheath layer can be peeled off, and the optical fiber unit and the buffer layer can be directly introduced into the room for use.

[0022] Among them: at least two buffer grooves symmetrical along the central axis are opened on the outside of the buffer layer. When laying indoors, the optical cable can be bent along the plane formed by the two buffer grooves. The buffer grooves provide a certain avoidance space for bending, which can increase the bending angle as much as possible, so that the indoor optical cable part has a certain flexibility; and the two buffer grooves are symmetrically arranged, which also provides a certain hanging space for the indoor part of the optical cable. A mounting plate is set corresponding to the buffer groove. By inserting the mounting plate into the buffer groove, the optical cable can be quickly installed indoors.

[0023] During actual use, in order to facilitate the rapid peeling of the sheath layer, a peeling strip is further provided on the inner side wall of the sheath layer. The peeling strip is made of a flexible material relative to the sheath layer, so that the shear force it can withstand is relatively smaller than the shear force that the sheath layer can withstand. The sheath layer can be quickly peeled off at the position of the peeling strip; and the position of the peeling strip corresponds to the position of the buffer groove, which can provide a certain space for inserting a knife for peeling off the sheath. When peeling off the sheath layer, a peeling knife is inserted into the buffer groove, and then the peeling strip can be quickly cut off outwards, thereby realizing rapid peeling of the sheath layer, which is convenient for indoor use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to make the content of the utility model easier to understand, the utility model is further described in detail below based on the specific embodiments of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the indoor and outdoor universal optical cable of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a buffer layer of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of Example 2 of the indoor and outdoor universal optical cable of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the indoor and outdoor universal optical cable of the present utility model.

[0029] Description of the accompanying drawings in the specification: 1. Optical fiber unit; 2. Buffer layer; 21. Buffer groove; 3. Sheath layer; 4. Peeling strip; 5. Reinforcement layer; 6. Water-blocking layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the utility model discloses a universal indoor and outdoor optical cable, comprising: an optical fiber unit 1, a buffer layer 2 and a sheath layer 3, wherein: the optical fiber unit 1 and the buffer layer 2 constitute the indoor optical cable part, and the optical fiber unit 1, the buffer layer 2 and the sheath layer 3 constitute the outdoor optical cable part. Due to the complex outdoor environment, the sheath layer 3 can support and protect the optical fiber unit 1 and the buffer layer 2. When the optical cable is introduced into the room, the sheath layer 3 can be peeled off, and the optical fiber unit 1 and the buffer layer 2 can be directly introduced into the room for use. When used indoors, the buffer layer 2 can also protect the optical fiber unit 1.

[0033] Specifically, the buffer layer 2 is coated on the outside of the optical fiber unit 1, and at least two buffer grooves 21 are opened on the outside of the buffer layer 2. The buffer grooves 21 are arranged along the extension direction of the optical cable. The two buffer grooves 21 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the optical cable. When laid indoors, the optical cable can be bent along the plane formed by the two buffer grooves 21. The buffer grooves 21 provide a certain avoidance space for bending, which can maximize the bending angle and make the indoor optical cable part have a certain flexibility.

[0034] Moreover, the two symmetrically arranged buffer grooves 21 can be used as hanging grooves, which can provide a certain hanging space for the indoor part of the optical cable. Most of the existing indoor optical cables are tubular structures. When fixing the optical cables, cable ties are generally used to tie the optical cables to nearby objects. This is not only unsightly, but also easy to cause damage to the optical cables. In this embodiment, when laying the optical cables, a mounting plate can be set corresponding to the buffer groove 21. By inserting the mounting plate into the buffer groove 21, the optical cables can be quickly installed and fixed indoors.

[0035] Specifically, the sheath layer 3 is coated on the outside of the buffer layer 2, and a peeling strip 4 is embedded in the sheath layer 3. The peeling strip 4 is embedded on the inner side of the sheath layer 3. The peeling strip 4 is made of a flexible material. The shear force that the peeling strip 4 can withstand is relatively smaller than the shear force that the sheath layer 3 can withstand. That is, the peeling strip 4 is easier to be cut than the sheath layer 3. The sheath layer 3 can be quickly peeled off at the position of the peeling strip 4, which is convenient for rapid indoor use.

[0036] Moreover, in this embodiment, taking into account the convenience of actual construction, the position of the peeling strip 4 is set to correspond to the position of the buffer groove 21. At the position of the buffer groove 21, a certain space is reserved between the buffer layer 2 and the sheath layer 3. This space can be used as a knife insertion space for peeling off the sheath layer 3. When peeling off the sheath layer 3, a peeling knife is inserted into the buffer groove 21, and then the peeling strip 4 can be quickly cut off outward.

[0037] Specifically, when actually setting the peeling strip 4, it is necessary to ensure that the sheath layer 3 is connected at the outermost side, that is, the peeling strip 4 is embedded into the sheath layer 3 from the inner side of the sheath layer 3, and does not penetrate the sheath layer 3. In this way, during actual use, the natural falling off of the peeling layer can be prevented. Moreover, when embedding the peeling strip 4, it is also necessary to ensure that the sheath layer 3 has sufficient connection strength to prevent it from breaking at the position of the peeling strip 4.

[0038] Specifically, when actually preparing the stripping strip 4, a double-layer co-extrusion mold can be used to simultaneously extrude the sheath layer 3 and the stripping strip 4. The extrusion process is similar to the process of extruding color strips on the surface of the sheath layer 3 when producing color strip cables, so that the stripping strip 4 and the sheath layer 3 also have a certain connecting force to prevent the stripping strip 4 and the sheath layer 3 from separating.

[0039] According to actual usage requirements, the optical fiber unit 1 includes: scattered optical fibers, ribbon optical fibers, or optical fiber bundles. The appropriate optical fiber type is selected according to different application scenarios to improve the flexibility and applicability of the optical cable. For example, scattered optical fibers are suitable for situations where a single fiber needs to be used independently; ribbon optical fibers are suitable for large-scale parallel transmission to improve data transmission efficiency; and optical fiber bundles combine the advantages of both, providing a certain degree of flexibility while ensuring a high transmission capacity.

[0040] Furthermore, when multiple optical fibers are arranged in the optical fiber unit 1, different colored fibers are used to distinguish the optical fibers, so as to facilitate docking during use.

[0041] Specifically, the buffer layer 2 is filled with a water-blocking paste, which can effectively prevent moisture from invading the interior of the optical cable, avoid signal attenuation and optical fiber corrosion caused by moisture, enhance the waterproof performance of the optical cable, and extend its service life. In addition, the water-blocking paste can also play a certain buffering and protective role for the optical fiber unit 1.

[0042] Specifically, the water-blocking fiber paste is simultaneously filled into the buffer layer 2 when the buffer layer 2 is prepared. It can be extruded and filled separately, or it can be filled into the buffer layer 2 together with the optical fiber unit 1.

[0043] Specifically, the buffer layer 2 is made of a transparent material. Since the optical cable is used indoors, a transparent buffer layer 2 can be provided to achieve an indoor invisible effect. The corresponding optical fiber unit 1 provided in the buffer layer 2 also needs to be set to transparent or white, which can achieve an overall hidden effect and will not affect the original layout and aesthetics of the room at all.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the buffer layer 2 can be a loose tube or a tight tube. These two types of buffer layers 2 each have their own advantages and are suitable for different application scenarios, wherein:

[0045] When a loose tube is used, the optical fiber unit 1 can move freely in the tube, and its pressure resistance is strong, which can effectively protect the optical fiber from the influence of external pressure; and since the optical fiber can move freely in the tube, the loose tube has good flexibility and bending resistance.

[0046] When using a tight sleeve, the optical fiber unit 1 is wrapped in the tube, the optical fiber is in close contact with the tube wall, there is no space for free movement, it occupies a small space, and is suitable for high-density wiring; in addition, the tight sleeve can provide higher mechanical strength and protect the optical fiber from external physical damage.

[0047] Different forms of buffer layers 2 are prepared according to different usage scenarios. Whether preparing a loose tube or a tight tube, a special mold can be used to form a buffer groove 21 on the outer wall of the tube during extrusion, and there is no need to use an additional process to prepare the buffer groove 21 separately.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 As shown, when actually designing the buffer groove 21, a plurality of buffer grooves 21 are opened on the outside of the buffer layer 2, and the plurality of buffer grooves 21 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the optical cable around the center circumference. The plurality of buffer grooves 21 not only enhance the flexibility of the optical cable so that it can maintain structural integrity when bent at a large angle, but also provide multiple hanging points, which facilitates the installation and fixation of the optical cable and improves the flexibility and stability of the installation.

[0049] It should be noted that the more buffer grooves 21 are set, the greater the flexibility of the optical cable is, allowing it to bend at more angles, but it will also affect the mechanical strength of the buffer layer 2. Too many buffer grooves 21 will reduce the overall mechanical strength of the optical cable, making it easy to be damaged when subjected to greater external pressure. Therefore, considering the flexibility and mechanical strength of the buffer layer 2 comprehensively, generally, 2-4 buffer grooves 21 are sufficient. This can maintain sufficient mechanical strength while ensuring flexibility and installation convenience.

[0050] Specifically, the peeling strip 4 is a silicone strip, which has good flexibility and temperature resistance. On the one hand, the silicone strip has a certain elasticity and can withstand large deformation. Specifically, it has a certain compressive resistance and can protect and support the internal buffer layer 2. On the other hand, when the silicone strip is subjected to shear force, it is easier to break than the sheath layer 3, making it easier to cut the silicone strip using sharp tools.

[0051] Specifically, a mark is provided on the outside of the sheath layer 3 at a position corresponding to the stripping strip 4. In this embodiment, since the stripping strip 4 is provided inside the sheath layer 3, when stripping the sheath layer 3 from one end of the optical cable, the stripping knife can be inserted into the buffer groove 21 from the cross section. However, if a skylight branch is required to be opened to introduce the optical cable for indoor use, it is necessary to strip the middle part of the optical cable. At this time, the position of the stripping strip 4 is not clear, and it is inconvenient to strip the outer sheath. The use of marks helps construction personnel to quickly identify the position of the stripping strip 4, simplify construction steps, improve construction efficiency, and reduce the risk of misoperation.

[0052] Specifically, the sheath layer 3 is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant material. Low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant material produces less smoke when burned and does not contain toxic gases, which meets environmental protection and safety standards. In addition, when the optical cable catches fire, it prevents the flame from burning and spreading. It is particularly suitable for indoor environments and improves the safety performance of the optical cable.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Reference Figure 3 As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, in order to further improve the mechanical properties of the optical cable, a reinforcement layer 5 is further provided between the buffer layer 2 and the sheath layer 3. The reinforcement layer 5 can significantly enhance the mechanical strength of the optical cable, resist external physical impact and stretching, and ensure the stability and durability of the optical cable in complex environments.

[0055] Specifically, in order to facilitate the introduction of the optical cable into the room after the sheath layer 3 is stripped off, when setting the reinforcement layer 5, a metal reinforcement layer 5 is generally not used, nor is a rod-shaped non-metallic reinforcement layer 5. These reinforcement layers 5 are difficult to handle after the sheath layer 3 is stripped off, and are not convenient to introduce into the room; in this embodiment, the reinforcement layer 5 is set to glass yarn, and a layer-twisted coating method is adopted. A fixed-pitch production process is used, so that the glass fiber yarn can be wound around the buffer layer 2 in a regular shape, protecting the deformation parameters of the buffer layer 2 during the stress process, ensuring that the optical fiber unit 1 inside the buffer layer 2 is not subjected to stress, ensuring the communication quality, and significantly improving the tensile strength of the optical cable. After the sheath layer 3 is stripped off, the glass yarn can be cut with scissors and introduced into the room for use.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] Reference Figure 4 As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 2, in order to further improve the water-blocking performance of the optical cable, a water-blocking layer 6 is further provided between the buffer layer 2 and the sheath layer 3. The water-blocking layer 6 further enhances the waterproof performance of the optical cable, prevents moisture from penetrating into the optical fiber unit 1, protects the optical fiber from moisture erosion, and extends the service life of the optical cable.

[0058] Moreover, after the glass yarns are twisted, a water-blocking layer 6 is wrapped around them, which can cover the unevenness produced during the twisting process of the glass yarns, making the outer sheath of the optical cable more round and smooth.

[0059] Specifically, the water-blocking layer 6 is a water-blocking tape. According to actual use requirements, the water-blocking tape can be wrapped around or longitudinally wrapped around the reinforcing layer 5 .

[0060] In other embodiments, the reinforcement layer 5 may not be provided between the buffer layer 2 and the jacket layer 3 , and the water-blocking layer 6 may be directly provided to achieve the water-blocking effect alone.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal indoor and outdoor optical cable, characterized in that: include: Fiber optic unit; a buffer layer, covering the outside of the optical fiber unit, with at least two buffer grooves being provided on the outside of the buffer layer, the buffer grooves being arranged along the extension direction of the optical cable, the two buffer grooves being symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the optical cable, and the buffer grooves being capable of serving as suspension grooves; The sheath layer is wrapped around the buffer layer, and a peeling strip is embedded in the sheath layer at a position corresponding to the buffer groove. The peeling strip is embedded on the inner side of the sheath layer. The peeling strip is made of a flexible material, and the shear force that the peeling strip can withstand is relatively smaller than the shear force that the sheath layer can withstand.

2. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber unit includes: scattered optical fibers, ribbon optical fibers or optical fiber bundles.

3. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer layer is filled with water-blocking fiber paste.

4. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer layer is made of transparent material.

5. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of buffer grooves are provided on the outer side of the buffer layer, and the plurality of buffer grooves are evenly distributed around the center circumference of the optical cable on the outer circumference.

6. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peeling strip is a silicone strip.

7. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mark is provided on the outside of the sheath layer at a position corresponding to the peeling strip.

8. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheath layer is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant material.

9. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcement layer is further provided between the buffer layer and the jacket layer.

10. The universal indoor and outdoor optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water-blocking layer is further provided between the buffer layer and the jacket layer.

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