Motor controller and electric motorcycle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor controller and an electric motorcycle. The motor controller is electrically connected with a motor and a power supply. The motor controller comprises a three-phase bridge drive circuit, a back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit, a control chip and a logic control circuit. And the counter electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected with the motor and is used for monitoring counter electromotive force voltage on the motor and outputting a counter electromotive force voltage signal according to a monitoring structure. The control chip is used for outputting a plurality of pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals. The logic control circuit is electrically connected with the control chip and is used for receiving a pulse modulation PWM control signal; the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the counter electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used for receiving the counter electromotive force voltage signal; the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the three-phase bridge driving circuit and is used for receiving the counter potential voltage signal; the logic control circuit is provided with an output end, and the output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected with the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of motorcycles, and in particular to a motor controller and an electric motorcycle. Background Art

[0002] New energy motorcycles are booming. As a core component of these motorcycles, permanent magnet motor controllers (PMM) are subject to high safety requirements. Due to the presence of magnetic steel, motors generate back-EMF voltage during operation. If this voltage exceeds the withstand voltage of the insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), it can cause the IGBT to breakdown, leading to motor controller failure or even battery short circuits and fires. In actual use, excessive back-EMF voltage can occur due to magnetic field weakening or vehicle speeds exceeding the design speed. Therefore, the back-EMF voltage must be monitored and suppressed when necessary during design. Existing back-EMF monitoring circuits utilize circuit breakers and solid-state relays for overvoltage protection, resulting in a cumbersome control process and slow response to abnormalities. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a motor controller and an electric motorcycle, which have a faster response speed when the back electromotive force voltage is abnormal.

[0004] A motor controller is electrically connected to a motor and a power supply; the motor controller comprises:

[0005] A three-phase bridge drive circuit is electrically connected to the motor and is used to drive the motor to rotate;

[0006] A back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected to the motor and is used to monitor the back-EMF voltage on the motor and output a back-EMF voltage signal according to the monitoring structure;

[0007] A control chip, which is used to output multiple pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals;

[0008] The logic control circuit is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive a pulse modulation PWM control signal; the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive a back electromotive force voltage signal; the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit and is used to receive a back electromotive force voltage signal; the logic control circuit is provided with an output end, and the output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the logic control circuit includes:

[0010] An AND gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive a back-electromotive force voltage signal; the AND gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit;

[0011] An OR gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive a back electromotive force voltage signal; the OR gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the three-phase bridge drive circuit includes an upper bridge isolation drive component and a lower bridge isolation drive component; the output end of the gate control component is electrically connected to the upper bridge isolation drive component; or the output end of the gate control component is electrically connected to the lower bridge isolation drive component.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the AND gate control component includes three AND gate components, each of which is electrically connected to the control chip, and each of which is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the upper bridge isolation drive component includes three upper bridge isolation drive components, each of which is electrically connected to the output end of an AND gate component;

[0014] The OR gate control component includes three OR gate components, each OR gate component is electrically connected to the control chip, and each OR gate component is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the lower bridge isolation drive component includes three lower bridge isolation drive components, each lower bridge isolation drive component is electrically connected to the output end of an OR gate component.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit includes:

[0016] A back-electromotive force voltage sampling component is electrically connected to the motor and is used to sample the back-electromotive force voltages on multiple windings of the motor to obtain multiple sampled voltages;

[0017] a back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component being electrically connected to the back-EMF voltage sampling component and configured to receive a sampled voltage, compare the sampled voltage with a preset threshold of the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, and output an overvoltage indication signal based on the comparison result;

[0018] The back electromotive force overvoltage processing component is electrically connected between the back electromotive force overvoltage monitoring component and the logic control circuit. The back electromotive force overvoltage processing component is used to process the overvoltage indication signal and output the back electromotive force voltage signal to the logic control circuit.

[0019] An electric motorcycle, comprising:

[0020] Frame;

[0021] Power supply, which is arranged on the vehicle frame;

[0022] A motor is arranged on the vehicle frame;

[0023] The motor controller is arranged on the vehicle frame and is electrically connected to the power supply and the motor; the motor controller includes a three-phase bridge drive circuit, a back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit, a control chip and a logic control circuit; the three-phase bridge drive circuit is electrically connected to the motor and is used to drive the motor to rotate; the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected to the motor and is used to monitor the back-electromotive force voltage on the motor and output a back-electromotive force voltage signal based on the monitoring result; the control chip is used to output multiple pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals; the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals; the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive the back-electromotive force voltage signal; the logic control circuit is provided with an output end, and the output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the logic control circuit includes:

[0025] An AND gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive a back-electromotive force voltage signal; the AND gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit;

[0026] An OR gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive a back electromotive force voltage signal; the OR gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present application, the three-phase bridge drive circuit includes an upper bridge isolation drive component and a lower bridge isolation drive component; the output end of the gate control component is electrically connected to the upper bridge isolation drive component; or the output end of the gate control component is electrically connected to the lower bridge isolation drive component.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, the AND gate control component includes three AND gate components, each of which is electrically connected to the control chip, and each of which is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the upper bridge isolation drive component includes three upper bridge isolation drive components, each of which is electrically connected to the output end of an AND gate component;

[0029] The OR gate control component includes three OR gate components, each OR gate component is electrically connected to the control chip, and each OR gate component is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the lower bridge isolation drive component includes three lower bridge isolation drive components, each lower bridge isolation drive component is electrically connected to the output end of an OR gate component.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present application, the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit includes:

[0031] A back-electromotive force voltage sampling component is electrically connected to the motor and is used to sample the back-electromotive force voltages on multiple windings of the motor to obtain multiple sampled voltages;

[0032] a back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component being electrically connected to the back-EMF voltage sampling component and configured to receive a sampled voltage, compare the sampled voltage with a preset threshold of the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, and output an overvoltage indication signal based on the comparison result;

[0033] The back electromotive force overvoltage processing component is electrically connected between the back electromotive force overvoltage monitoring component and the logic control circuit. The back electromotive force overvoltage processing component is used to process the overvoltage indication signal and output the back electromotive force voltage signal to the logic control circuit.

[0034] The above-mentioned motor controller and electric motorcycle, by setting the input end of the logic control circuit to be electrically connected to the control chip and the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit, can ignore the pulse width modulation PWM control signal through logic control when the back-electromotive force voltage is too high, and directly control the three-phase bridge drive circuit to switch to the short-circuit mode according to the overvoltage protection signal output by the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit, thereby quickly realizing overvoltage protection and having a faster response speed.

[0035] Beneficial effect: By setting the input end of the logic control circuit to be electrically connected with the control chip and the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit, the pulse width modulation PWM control signal can be ignored when the back electromotive force voltage is too high through logic control. According to the overvoltage protection signal output by the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit, the three-phase bridge drive circuit is directly controlled to switch to the short-circuit mode, thereby quickly realizing overvoltage protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of an electric motorcycle according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Module diagram of the motor controller.

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the motor controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A alone, A and B together, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and so on (if any) in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or precedence.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner. The following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0043] The specific implementation of the electric motorcycle and motor controller of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electric motorcycle 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 is a module diagram of the motor controller 11, Figure 31 is a circuit diagram of the motor controller 11. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the electric motorcycle 10 may be a two-wheeled or four-wheeled electric motorcycle. The electric motorcycle 10 includes a motor controller 11 and a frame 12. The motor controller 11 is disposed on the frame 12. It is understood that the electric motorcycle 10 may also include a motor 13 (e.g., Figure 2 As shown) and power supply 14 (as Figure 2 shown).

[0045] See also Figure 2 The motor controller 11 is electrically connected to the motor 13 and the power supply 14. The motor controller 11 outputs a control signal to the motor 13 based on the voltage provided by the power supply 14 to control the operation of the motor 13. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the motor 13 may be a permanent magnet synchronous motor; and the power supply 14 may include a power battery and a storage battery.

[0046] The motor controller 11 includes a three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 , a back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 , a control chip 113 , and a logic control circuit 114 .

[0047] The three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 is electrically connected between the logic control circuit 114 and the motor 13, and is also electrically connected to the power supply 14 and the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit 112. The three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 is used to drive the motor 13 to rotate. The three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 includes an upper bridge isolation drive component 1111, a lower bridge isolation drive component 1112, an upper bridge isolation component 1113, and a lower bridge isolation component 1114.

[0048] The upper bridge isolation drive assembly 1111 includes three upper bridge isolation drive components. Each upper bridge isolation drive component is electrically connected to the logic control circuit 114. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the three upper bridge isolation drive components are respectively a U-phase upper bridge isolation drive component 1111a, a V-phase upper bridge isolation drive component 1111b, and a W-phase upper bridge isolation drive component 1111c. The U-phase upper bridge isolation drive component 1111a is electrically connected between the logic control circuit 114 and the control end of the upper bridge isolation component 1113. The V-phase upper bridge isolation drive component 1111b is electrically connected between the logic control circuit 114 and the upper bridge isolation component 1113. The W-phase upper bridge isolation drive component 1111c is electrically connected between the logic control circuit 114 and the upper bridge isolation component 1113.

[0049] The lower bridge isolation driver assembly 1112 includes three lower bridge isolation driver components. Each lower bridge isolation driver component is electrically connected to the logic control circuit 114. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the three lower bridge isolation driver components include a U-phase lower bridge isolation driver component 1112a, a V-phase lower bridge isolation driver component 1112b, and a W-phase lower bridge isolation driver component 1112c. The U-phase lower bridge isolation driver component 1112a is electrically connected between the logic control circuit 114 and the lower bridge isolation component 1114. The V-phase lower bridge isolation driver component 1112b is electrically connected between the logic control circuit 114 and the lower bridge isolation component 1114. The W-phase lower bridge isolation driver component 1112c is electrically connected between the logic control circuit 114 and the lower bridge isolation component 1114.

[0050] The high-bridge isolation assembly 1113 includes a U-phase high-bridge switch Q2, a V-phase high-bridge switch Q4, and a W-phase high-bridge switch Q6. The first connection end of the U-phase high-bridge switch Q2 is electrically connected to the U-phase winding of the motor 13, and the second connection end of the U-phase high-bridge switch Q2 is electrically connected to the power supply 14. The first connection end of the V-phase high-bridge switch Q4 is electrically connected to the V-phase winding of the motor 13, and the second connection end of the V-phase high-bridge switch Q4 is electrically connected to the power supply 14. The first connection end of the W-phase high-bridge switch Q6 is electrically connected to the W-phase winding of the motor 13, and the second connection end of the W-phase high-bridge switch Q6 is electrically connected to the power supply 14.

[0051] The lower bridge isolation assembly 1114 includes a U-phase lower bridge switch Q3, a V-phase lower bridge switch Q5, and a W-phase lower bridge switch Q7. The first connection end of the U-phase lower bridge switch Q3 is electrically connected to the U-phase winding of the motor 13, and the second connection end of the U-phase lower bridge switch Q3 is electrically connected to the power supply 14. The first connection end of the V-phase lower bridge switch Q5 is electrically connected to the V-phase winding of the motor 13, and the second connection end of the V-phase lower bridge switch Q5 is electrically connected to the power supply 14. The first connection end of the W-phase lower bridge switch Q7 is electrically connected to the W-phase winding of the motor 13, and the second connection end of the W-phase lower bridge switch Q7 is electrically connected to the power supply 14. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the U-phase upper bridge switch tube Q2, the V-phase upper bridge switch tube Q4, the W-phase upper bridge switch tube Q6, the U-phase lower bridge switch tube Q3, the V-phase lower bridge switch tube Q5 and the W-phase lower bridge switch tube Q7 are N-channel IGBT transistors; the control end is the gate, the first connection end is the emitter, and the second connection end is the collector.

[0052] The input end of the back EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 is electrically connected between the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 and the motor 13, and the output end of the back EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 is electrically connected to the logic control circuit 114. The back EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 is used to monitor the back EMF voltage on the motor 13 and output a back EMF voltage signal based on the monitoring result. The back EMF voltage signal includes an overvoltage protection signal and a conventional control signal. When the back EMF voltage signal is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the back EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 outputs an overvoltage protection signal; when the back EMF voltage signal is less than the preset threshold, the back EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 outputs a conventional control signal. The back EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 includes a back EMF voltage sampling component 1121, a back EMF overvoltage monitoring component 1122, and a back EMF overvoltage processing component 1123.

[0053] The back-EMF voltage sampling component 1121 is electrically connected to the motor 13. The back-EMF voltage sampling component 1121 is used to sample the back-EMF voltage on multiple windings of the motor 13 to obtain multiple sampled voltages, wherein each sampled voltage corresponds to a back-EMF voltage signal of one phase.

[0054] The back EMF overvoltage monitoring component 1122 is electrically connected to the back EMF voltage sampling component 1121 and is used to receive a sampled voltage, compare the sampled voltage with a preset threshold of the back EMF overvoltage monitoring component 1122, and output an overvoltage indication signal based on the comparison result. When at least one sampled voltage is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the back EMF overvoltage monitoring component 1122 outputs an overvoltage indication signal at a first level to the back EMF overvoltage processing component 1123; when all sampled voltages are less than the preset threshold, the back EMF overvoltage monitoring component 1122 outputs an overvoltage indication signal at a second level to the back EMF overvoltage processing component 1123. In at least one embodiment of the present application, when the first level is a high level, the second level is a low level. In other embodiments, when the first level is a low level, the second level is a high level.

[0055] The back EMF overvoltage processing component 1123 is electrically connected between the back EMF overvoltage monitoring component 1122 and the logic control circuit 114. The back EMF overvoltage processing component 1123 is used to process the overvoltage indication signal and output the back EMF voltage signal to the logic control circuit 114. The back EMF overvoltage processing component 1123 outputs an overvoltage protection signal when receiving an overvoltage indication signal at a first level. The back EMF overvoltage processing component 1123 is also used to output a conventional control signal when receiving an overvoltage indication signal at a second level. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the overvoltage protection signal includes a plurality of upper bridge overvoltage protection signals and a plurality of lower bridge overvoltage protection signals; the conventional control signal includes an upper bridge conventional control signal and a lower bridge conventional control signal. Among them, the upper bridge overvoltage protection signal and the lower bridge overvoltage protection signal are inverse signals of each other; the upper bridge conventional control signal and the lower bridge conventional control signal are inverse signals of each other. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the upper bridge overvoltage protection signal is a logic low level; the lower bridge overvoltage protection signal is a logic high level; the upper bridge normal control signal is a logic high level; and the lower bridge normal control signal is a logic low level.

[0056] The control chip 113 is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge driving circuit 111 through the logic control circuit 114 . The control chip 113 is configured to output a plurality of pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals to the three-phase bridge driving circuit 111 through the logic control circuit 114 to control the operation of the three-phase bridge driving circuit 111 .

[0057] The input of the logic control circuit 114 is electrically connected to the back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 and the control chip 113, and the output of the logic control circuit 114 is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111. Upon receiving the overvoltage protection signal, the logic control circuit 114 is configured to stop transmitting the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal and control the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 to switch to short-circuit mode. In other words, the logic control circuit 114 ignores the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal. The logic control circuit 114 is also configured to provide the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal to the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 based on the normal control signal. In other words, the logic control circuit 114 transmits the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal. The logic control circuit 114 includes an AND gate control component 1141 and an OR gate control component 1142.

[0058] AND gate control component 1141 is electrically connected to control chip 113 and is configured to receive a pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal. AND gate control component 1141 is electrically connected to back-electromotive force (BEMF) overvoltage protection circuit 112 and is configured to receive a BEMF voltage signal. AND gate control component 1141 has an output terminal. The output terminal of AND gate control component 1141 is electrically connected to three-phase bridge drive circuit 111. Specifically, the output terminal of AND gate control component 1141 is electrically connected to upper bridge isolation driver component 1111. AND gate control component 1141 is configured to stop transmitting the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal to upper bridge isolation driver component 1111 upon receiving an upper bridge overvoltage protection signal. AND gate control component 1141 is also configured to transmit the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal to upper bridge isolation driver component 1111 upon receiving an upper bridge normal control signal. AND gate control component 1141 includes three AND gate components. Each AND gate component is electrically connected to the back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 and to the control chip 113. Specifically, the output of the AND gate component is electrically connected to the corresponding upper bridge isolation driver component. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the three OR gate components are respectively a first AND gate component 1141a, a second AND gate component 1141b, and a third AND gate component 1141c.

[0059] OR gate control component 1141 is electrically connected to control chip 113 and is configured to receive a pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal. OR gate control component 1142 is electrically connected to back-electromotive force (BEMF) overvoltage protection circuit 112 and is configured to receive a BEMF voltage signal. OR gate control component 1142 has an output terminal. The output terminal of OR gate control component 1142 is electrically connected to three-phase bridge drive circuit 111. Specifically, the output terminal of OR gate control component 1142 is electrically connected to lower-bridge isolation driver component 1112. OR gate control component 1142 is configured to stop transmitting the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal to lower-bridge isolation driver component 1112 upon receiving a lower-bridge overvoltage protection signal. OR gate control component 1142 is also configured to transmit the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal to lower-bridge isolation driver component 1112 upon receiving a lower-bridge normal control signal. OR gate control component 1142 includes three OR gate components. Each OR gate component is electrically connected to the back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112 and to the control chip 113. Specifically, the output of the OR gate component is electrically connected to the corresponding lower bridge isolation driver component. In at least one embodiment of the present application, the three OR gate components are a first OR gate component 1142a, a second OR gate component 1142b, and a third OR gate component 1142c.

[0060] The working principle of the electric motorcycle 10 is specifically as follows.

[0061] The back-electromotive force voltage sampling component 1121 samples the back-electromotive force voltage on the winding of the motor 13 to obtain multiple sampled voltages. When at least one sampled voltage is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the back-electromotive force overvoltage monitoring component 1122 outputs an overvoltage indication signal at a first level to the back-electromotive force overvoltage processing component 1123. The back-electromotive force overvoltage processing component 1123 outputs an upper bridge overvoltage protection signal and a lower bridge overvoltage protection signal according to the overvoltage indication signal at the first level. The AND gate control component 1141 controls the upper bridge isolation drive component 1111 to turn off according to the upper bridge overvoltage protection signal. The OR gate control component 1142 controls the lower bridge isolation drive component 1112 to turn on according to the lower bridge overvoltage protection signal. At this time, the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 switches to short-circuit mode. In short-circuit mode, the upper bridge isolation component 1113 and the lower bridge isolation component 1114 are not controlled by the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal from the control chip 113. The U-phase upper bridge switch Q2, the V-phase upper bridge switch Q4, and the W-phase upper bridge switch Q6 in the upper bridge isolation component 1113 are simultaneously turned off, and the U-phase lower bridge switch Q3, the V-phase lower bridge switch Q5, and the W-phase lower bridge switch Q7 in the lower bridge isolation component 1114 are simultaneously turned on. The speed of the motor 13 decreases rapidly. Because the back-EMF voltage is positively correlated with the motor 13, the back-EMF voltage decreases rapidly. When the back-EMF voltage is too high, the logic control circuit 114 responds quickly, ignoring the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal and controlling the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 to operate in short-circuit mode, achieving the effect of quickly reducing the back-EMF voltage.

[0062] When all sampled voltages are less than a preset threshold, the back-electromotive force overvoltage monitoring component 1122 outputs an overvoltage indication signal at a second level to the back-electromotive force overvoltage processing component 1123. Upon receiving the overvoltage indication signal at the second level, the back-electromotive force overvoltage processing component 1123 outputs an upper bridge normal control signal and a lower bridge normal control signal. The AND gate control component 1141 transmits a pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal to the upper bridge isolation driver component 1111 based on the upper bridge normal control signal. The OR gate control component 1142 transmits multiple pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signals to the lower bridge isolation driver component 1112 based on the lower bridge normal control signal. At this point, the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 switches to normal mode. In normal mode, the upper bridge isolation driver component 1111 and the lower bridge isolation driver component 1112 are controlled by the pulse-width modulated (PWM) control signal. Under the control of the pulse width modulation PWM control signal, at any moment, one of the U-phase upper bridge switch tube Q2, the V-phase upper bridge switch tube Q4, and the W-phase upper bridge switch tube Q6 is turned on, and one of the U-phase lower bridge switch tube Q3, the V-phase lower bridge switch tube Q5, and the W-phase lower bridge switch tube Q7 is turned off, and they are out of phase with each other.

[0063] The electric motorcycle 10 and motor controller 11 described above electrically connect the input of the logic control circuit 114 to the control chip 113 and the back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112. This allows the electric motorcycle 10 and motor controller 111 to ignore the pulse-width modulation (PWM) control signal when the back-EMF voltage is too high through logic control. Instead, the three-phase bridge drive circuit 111 is directly controlled to switch to short-circuit mode based on the overvoltage protection signal output by the back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit 112, rapidly implementing overvoltage protection. Furthermore, the logic control circuit 114 is low-cost and occupies a small space, meeting the requirements for miniaturization and low cost of the electric motorcycle 10.

[0064] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A motor controller electrically connected to a motor and a power supply; characterized in that: The motor controller comprises: a three-phase bridge drive circuit, the three-phase bridge drive circuit being electrically connected to the motor and configured to drive the motor to rotate; a back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit, the back-EMF overvoltage protection circuit being electrically connected to the motor and configured to monitor the back-EMF voltage on the motor and output a back-EMF voltage signal based on the monitoring result; A control chip, wherein the control chip is used to output a plurality of pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals; A logic control circuit, the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive the back-electromotive force voltage signal; the logic control circuit is provided with an output end, and the output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

2. The motor controller according to claim 1, wherein: The logic control circuit includes: An AND gate control component, the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive the back-electromotive force voltage signal; the AND gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit; An OR gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive the back-electromotive force voltage signal; the OR gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

3. The motor controller according to claim 2, wherein: The three-phase bridge drive circuit includes an upper bridge isolation drive component and a lower bridge isolation drive component; the output end of the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the upper bridge isolation drive component; the output end of the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the lower bridge isolation drive component.

4. The motor controller according to claim 3, wherein: The AND gate control component includes three AND gate components, each of which is electrically connected to the control chip, and each of which is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the upper bridge isolation drive component includes three upper bridge isolation drive components, each of which is electrically connected to the output end of one of the AND gate components; The OR gate control component includes three OR gate components, each of which is electrically connected to the control chip, and each of which is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the lower bridge isolation drive component includes three lower bridge isolation drive components, each of which is electrically connected to the output end of one of the OR gate components.

5. The motor controller according to claim 1, wherein: The back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit comprises: a back-electromotive force voltage sampling component, the back-electromotive force voltage sampling component being electrically connected to the motor and configured to sample the back-electromotive force voltages on a plurality of windings of the motor to obtain a plurality of sampled voltages; a back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component being electrically connected to the back-EMF voltage sampling component and configured to receive the sampled voltage, compare the sampled voltage with a preset threshold of the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, and output an overvoltage indication signal based on the comparison result; A back-electromotive force overvoltage processing component is electrically connected between the back-electromotive force overvoltage monitoring component and the logic control circuit, and is used to process the overvoltage indication signal and output the back-electromotive force voltage signal to the logic control circuit.

6. An electric motorcycle comprising: Frame; a power supply, the power supply being arranged on the vehicle frame; a motor, the motor being arranged on the vehicle frame; A motor controller, which is arranged on the frame and electrically connected to the power supply and the motor; it is characterized in that: the motor controller includes a three-phase bridge drive circuit, a back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit, a control chip and a logic control circuit; the three-phase bridge drive circuit is electrically connected to the motor and is used to drive the motor to rotate; the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected to the motor and is used to monitor the back-electromotive force voltage on the motor and output a back-electromotive force voltage signal according to the monitoring result; the control chip is used to output multiple pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals; the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive the back-electromotive force voltage signal; the logic control circuit is provided with an output end, and the output end of the logic control circuit is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

7. The electric motorcycle according to claim 6, wherein: The logic control circuit includes: An AND gate control component, the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive the back-electromotive force voltage signal; the AND gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit; An OR gate control component is electrically connected to the control chip and is used to receive the pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal; the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the back-electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit and is used to receive the back-electromotive force voltage signal; the OR gate control component is provided with an output end, and the output end of the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the three-phase bridge drive circuit.

8. The electric motorcycle according to claim 7, wherein: The three-phase bridge drive circuit includes an upper bridge isolation drive component and a lower bridge isolation drive component; the output end of the AND gate control component is electrically connected to the upper bridge isolation drive component; the output end of the OR gate control component is electrically connected to the lower bridge isolation drive component.

9. The electric motorcycle according to claim 8, wherein: The AND gate control component includes three AND gate components, each of which is electrically connected to the control chip, and each of which is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the upper bridge isolation drive component includes three upper bridge isolation drive components, each of which is electrically connected to the output end of one of the AND gate components; The OR gate control component includes three OR gate components, each of which is electrically connected to the control chip, and each of which is electrically connected to the back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit; the lower bridge isolation drive component includes three lower bridge isolation drive components, each of which is electrically connected to the output end of one of the OR gate components.

10. The electric motorcycle according to claim 9, wherein: The back electromotive force overvoltage protection circuit comprises: a back-electromotive force voltage sampling component, the back-electromotive force voltage sampling component being electrically connected to the motor and configured to sample the back-electromotive force voltages on a plurality of windings of the motor to obtain a plurality of sampled voltages; a back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component being electrically connected to the back-EMF voltage sampling component and configured to receive the sampled voltage, compare the sampled voltage with a preset threshold of the back-EMF overvoltage monitoring component, and output an overvoltage indication signal based on the comparison result; A back-electromotive force overvoltage processing component is electrically connected between the back-electromotive force overvoltage monitoring component and the logic control circuit, and is used to process the overvoltage indication signal and output the back-electromotive force voltage signal to the logic control circuit.

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