Data transmission unit for battery pack
By introducing a Bluetooth module and an MCU with integrated BLE to manage the CAN and RS485 interfaces in the battery swap pack, combined with a 4G CAT1 module and GNSS positioning, the complex communication and maintenance upgrade issues of traditional battery swap packs are solved, achieving low-cost and efficient upgrades and maintenance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422298771.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-20
AI Technical Summary
The wired communication interface of traditional battery swapping battery packs is on the BMS, and the wireless communication interface is on the DTU, which makes communication and maintenance upgrades complicated, easily causes confusion, and has high upgrade costs.
It uses a combination of Bluetooth module, network communication module, GNSS positioning module, CAN interface and RS485 interface. The CAN and RS485 interfaces are managed by the Bluetooth module, and the MCU with integrated BLE manages these interfaces. It supports OTA upgrades and uses a 4G CAT1 module and GNSS positioning module to simplify the upgrade process.
It reduces maintenance costs, simplifies communication and maintenance upgrade processes, reduces labor and logistics costs, and improves system stability and flexibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN223379315U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of data transmission, and in particular to a data transmission unit for a battery replacement pack. Background Art
[0002] Two-wheeled and three-wheeled vehicles replace their batteries by replacing their battery packs. This method allows for rapid energy replenishment and is convenient for customers with high traffic volumes. However, this method requires the battery pack to have network communication and positioning capabilities so that the operating platform can track the battery pack's status. Traditionally, a data transmission unit (DTU) has been added to the existing battery pack to connect to the battery management system (BMS) within the battery pack, regularly reporting battery pack information and positioning data to the cloud platform. The battery pack BMS has a wired interface such as 485 or CAN. When the battery pack is inserted into a vehicle or battery cabinet, it uses wired communication.
[0003] When integrating the above solution with the operating platform's technology, the operating platform must separately establish protocols with the DTU manufacturer and the BMS manufacturer. Subsequent protocol upgrades and changes will require separate debugging and upgrades, resulting in high development costs and a large workload. Changes to the communication interface protocol will require firmware upgrades for the swap battery pack. Traditional designs require separate upgrades for the BMS and DTU, and the BMS must be able to be upgraded through the DTU. Failure to upgrade the battery pack may prevent it from connecting to the operating platform, necessitating manual intervention. This cumbersome battery pack upgrade process increases labor costs.
[0004] The traditional wired communication interface is on the battery pack's BMS, and the wireless communication is on the data transmission unit. Communication and maintenance upgrades are complex and prone to confusion. Utility Model Content
[0005] To solve the problem that the traditional wired communication interface is on the BMS of the battery pack and the wireless communication is on the data transmission unit, which makes communication and maintenance upgrades complicated and prone to confusion.
[0006] The utility model provides a data transmission unit for a battery pack replacement, comprising a Bluetooth module, a network communication module connected to the Bluetooth module, a GNSS positioning module, a CAN interface and an RS485 interface.
[0007] Preferably, the Bluetooth module includes an MCU with integrated BLE and a BLE antenna, the MCU is connected to the network communication module and the GNSS positioning module, and the MCU manages the CAN interface and the RS485 interface.
[0008] Preferably, the battery pack is provided with a BMS, and the MCU is connected to the BMS.
[0009] Preferably, the MCU is provided with a UART interface, the BMS is provided with a GPIO interface and an I2C interface, and the UART interface is connected to the GPIO interface and the I2C interface of the BMS.
[0010] Preferably, a data transmission unit for a battery pack replacement also includes a display module, which is connected to the MCU and uses an LED display or an LCD display.
[0011] Preferably, the MCU supports OTA upgrade of the BMS.
[0012] Preferably, the network communication module is external or integrated into the GNSS positioning module.
[0013] Preferably, the network communication module is specifically a 4G CAT1 module.
[0014] Preferably, the MCU supports UDS upgrade.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in that, by providing a Bluetooth module and connecting the Bluetooth module to the network communication module, GNSS positioning module, CAN interface and RS485 interface, the communication and positioning functions of the DTU in the traditional solution are completed, and the CAN interface and RS485 interface originally on the BMS are taken over to realize data transmission and charge and discharge management. When docking with the operation platform, it is sufficient to directly dock with this device. Most upgrade requirements caused by the operation management platform are related to the communication protocol. Therefore, most upgrades, whether network protocols or modifications to CAN, RS485 and other protocols, only require upgrading the DTU, which greatly reduces maintenance costs. This solves the problem that the traditional method of wired communication interface is on the BMS of the battery pack and wireless communication is on the data transmission unit, which makes communication and maintenance upgrades complicated and prone to confusion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a data transmission unit for battery replacement provided by the present invention.
[0017] In the figure: 1-Bluetooth module; 11-MCU; 12-BLE antenna; 13-UART interface; 2-network communication module; 3-GNSS positioning module; 4-CAN interface; 5-RS485 interface; 6-BMS; 61-GPIO interface; 62-I2C interface; 7-display module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0019] Reference Figure 1 A data transmission unit for a battery replacement pack includes a Bluetooth module 1, a network communication module 2 connected to the Bluetooth module 1, a GNSS positioning module 3, a CAN interface 4 and an RS485 interface 5.
[0020] By setting up Bluetooth module 1 and connecting it to network communication module 2, GNSS positioning module 3, CAN interface 4, and RS485 interface 5, the communication and positioning functions of the DTU in the traditional solution are completed, taking over the CAN interface 4 and RS485 interface 5 originally on the BMS6, realizing data transmission and charge and discharge management. When connecting to the operation platform, it can be directly connected to this device. Most upgrade requirements caused by the operation and management platform are related to the communication protocol. Therefore, most upgrades, whether network protocols or modifications to CAN, RS4855, etc., only require upgrading the DTU, which greatly reduces maintenance costs. This solves the problem of the traditional method where the wired communication interface is on the battery pack's BMS6 and the wireless communication is on the data transmission unit, which makes communication and maintenance upgrades complicated and prone to confusion.
[0021] In some embodiments, the Bluetooth module 1 includes an MCU 11 with integrated BLE and a BLE antenna 12 . The MCU 11 is connected to the network communication module 2 and the GNSS positioning module 3 . The MCU 11 manages the CAN interface 4 and the RS485 interface 5 .
[0022] The MCU11 with integrated BLE supports Bluetooth communication, reducing the need for external components and simplifying circuit design; it uses Bluetooth low energy technology to reduce power consumption and is suitable for battery-powered applications.
[0023] Preferably, the battery pack is provided with BMS6, and MCU11 is connected to BMS6.
[0024] The battery management system (BMS6) in the battery pack is a core component of the battery management system, responsible for monitoring and managing all aspects of the battery pack to ensure safe and efficient operation. MCU11 connects to BMS6 to obtain relevant information about the battery pack, including the voltage of each cell, battery pack charge and discharge parameters, remaining capacity (SOC), battery health (SOH), voltage and current operating parameters, and converts this information into a data format for external interfaces. This data can be connected to external devices via CAN, RS4855, the Internet, and BLE to implement charge and discharge management.
[0025] Furthermore, the MCU 11 is provided with a UART interface 13 , and the BMS 6 is provided with a GPIO interface 61 and an I2C interface 62 . The UART interface 13 is connected to the GPIO interface 61 and the I2C interface 62 of the BMS 6 .
[0026] UART and I2C are both mature communication protocols that can provide reliable communication; the input and output can be flexibly configured through the GPIO interface 61 to adapt to different communication needs; when new functions or devices need to be added, they can be easily expanded through the GPIO interface 61 or the I2C interface 62.
[0027] Furthermore, a data transmission unit for battery replacement also includes a display module 7, which is connected to the MCU11, and the display module 7 uses LED display or LCD display.
[0028] The display module 7 is used to display the working status of the battery pack, which is convenient for observing the battery status. Taking the LED display as an example, a program is written to read the data provided by the BMS6, and the status of the LED is controlled according to this data. The corresponding algorithm is implemented to determine when to light up or turn off which LED.
[0029] Furthermore, MCU11 supports OTA upgrade of BMS6.
[0030] OTA updates allow battery packs to be updated directly over the wireless network without returning to the factory or requiring physical contact, reducing logistics and labor costs. Once issues or improvements are discovered, patches or new software versions can be quickly released to address them and improve system security. Software updates can be completed without impacting daily use, eliminating downtime caused by updates.
[0031] In some embodiments, the network communication module 2 is external to or integrated into the GNSS positioning module 3 .
[0032] The external network communication module 2 can be replaced or upgraded more easily without having to replace the entire MCU 11. Integrating the network communication module 2 into the GNSS positioning module 3 can reduce the PCB footprint, making the design more compact. The integrated communication path is shorter, which helps reduce electromagnetic interference.
[0033] The GNSS positioning module 3 is a module that uses GPS and BeiDou for positioning and can provide higher positioning accuracy.
[0034] In some implementations, the network communication module 2 is specifically a 4G CAT1 module.
[0035] Compared to higher-category 4G modules (such as CAT4 and above), 4G CAT1 modules are less expensive and are suitable for applications such as uploading data, such as remote monitoring and data acquisition, offering a high cost-performance ratio. 4G CAT1 modules support 4G LTE networks, which currently have widespread global coverage and can provide stable connections. 4G CAT1 module technology is relatively mature and has been proven in the market for many years, demonstrating high stability and reliability.
[0036] In some implementations, the MCU 11 supports UDS upgrades.
[0037] The high-performance MCU11 can implement the UDS protocol stack and utilize the standardization and compatibility of the UDS protocol to improve the overall performance and stability of the system.
[0038] The data transmission unit uses an external high-performance MCU11 with integrated BLE, and is connected to an external 4G CAT1 and GNSS module. This provides better scalability and makes it easy to replace the 4G module with the appropriate specifications according to the frequency band requirements of different countries. The high-performance MCU11 integrates the CAN interface 4 and the RS485 interface 5. The MCU11 is connected to the BMS6 board through the UART interface 13 to achieve external connection after protocol conversion.
[0039] The data transmission unit integrating 4G CAT1, GPS+Beidou positioning and BLE can completely replace the traditional battery replacement solution.
[0040] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A data transmission unit for a battery pack replacement, characterized in that: include: A Bluetooth module, a network communication module, a GNSS positioning module, a CAN interface, and an RS485 interface connected to the Bluetooth module; The Bluetooth module includes an MCU and a BLE antenna integrated with BLE, the MCU is connected to the network communication module and the GNSS positioning module, and the MCU manages the CAN interface and the RS485 interface; The battery pack is provided with a BMS, and the MCU is connected to the BMS; The MCU is provided with a UART interface, the BMS is provided with a GPIO interface and an I2C interface, and the UART interface is connected to the GPIO interface and the I2C interface of the BMS.
2. A data transmission unit for a battery pack replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display module, which is connected to the MCU and uses LED display or LCD display.
3. The data transmission unit for battery replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU supports OTA upgrade of BMS.
4. The data transmission unit for battery replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The network communication module is externally mounted or integrated into the GNSS positioning module.
5. The data transmission unit for battery replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The network communication module is specifically a 4G CAT1 module.
6. The data transmission unit for battery replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU supports UDS upgrade.