Manual starting system for cold start of alcohol fuel engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a manual starting system for cold start of an alcohol fuel engine, which belongs to the technical field of alcohol fuel engines and comprises an alcohol fuel supply unit, an alcohol fuel tank, an oil rail and a one-way valve, the alcohol fuel pump is mounted on the alcohol fuel tank, and the one-way valve is mounted on the oil rail. An oil outlet of the alcohol fuel pump is connected with one end of the one-way valve through a first alcohol fuel pipe, and the other end of the one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the oil rail through a second alcohol fuel pipe. According to the utility model, the mode depending on a complex preheating structure is abandoned, unique oil way switching and control logic are adopted, and fuel oil in the oil rail is effectively treated through the gasoline pump, the normally-closed solenoid valve and other components during low-temperature starting; the problems of potential safety hazards and structural complexity caused by difficult arrangement of a glow plug mounting hole and leakage of cooling liquid and engine oil are completely avoided, the safety of cold start of the engine is improved, the overall structure of the engine is simplified, and the stability and durability of the engine are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of alcohol fuel engines, and in particular relates to a manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing scarcity of gasoline and diesel resources and the increasing environmental pollution caused by their exhaust emissions, engines are moving towards the use of alternative fuels, and alcohol-fueled engines have emerged. However, passenger cars and construction machinery equipped with alcohol-fueled engines have difficulty starting or even cannot start in low-temperature environments.

[0003] In the existing technology, the cold start technology of combustion chamber preheating is difficult to install the preheating plug due to the problem of cylinder head or cylinder block structure, and there is a risk of coolant and oil leakage; the cold start technology of intake manifold or fuel rail heating has low fuel heating efficiency, high power consumption, long preheating time and substandard emissions; the cold start technology of dual fuel rails is difficult to set up due to the complex structure of the intake manifold and high cost. Therefore, a manual starting system for cold starting of alcohol fuel engines is needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a manual starting system for cold starting an alcohol fuel engine, comprising:

[0006] An alcohol fuel supply unit comprises an alcohol fuel pump, an alcohol fuel tank, a fuel rail, and a one-way valve. The alcohol fuel pump is mounted on the alcohol fuel tank, an oil outlet of the alcohol fuel pump is connected to one end of the one-way valve via a first alcohol fuel pipe, the other end of the one-way valve is connected to an oil inlet of the fuel rail via a second alcohol fuel pipe, and an oil drain of the fuel rail is connected to one end of a normally closed solenoid valve via a third alcohol fuel pipe.

[0007] a gasoline supply unit, comprising a gasoline pump and a gasoline fuel tank, wherein the gasoline pump outlet is connected via a fourth alcohol fuel pipe to the same end of the one-way valve as the alcohol fuel pump outlet;

[0008] The control and oil return unit includes a battery, a vehicle ignition switch, a transfer switch, a normally open push button switch and a normally closed solenoid valve. The positive electrode of the battery is connected to one end of the vehicle ignition switch via a first wire, the other end of the vehicle ignition switch is respectively connected to the input end of the transfer switch and the normally open push button switch via a second wire, the two output ends of the transfer switch are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the alcohol fuel pump and the gasoline pump via a third wire, the output end of the normally open push button switch is connected to the input end of the normally closed solenoid valve via a fourth wire, the negative electrode of the battery is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the alcohol fuel pump and the gasoline pump and the other input end of the normally closed solenoid valve via a fifth wire, the negative electrode of the battery is also connected to the ground of the vehicle and the engine, and the other end of the normally closed solenoid valve is connected to the oil return port of the alcohol fuel tank via a fifth alcohol fuel pipe.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the one-way valve allows fuel to flow from the alcohol fuel pump and the gasoline pump to the fuel rail and prevents fuel from flowing in the opposite direction.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a temperature monitoring component, which includes a thermostat and a temperature meter. The thermostat is used to collect the coolant temperature. The temperature meter is connected to the thermostat signal and is installed in a position on the vehicle that is easy to observe.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the alcohol fuel pump and the gasoline pump are both provided with independent power supply lines, and the power supply lines are controlled by a transfer switch to supply alcohol fuel or gasoline to the fuel rail according to different needs.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the normally closed solenoid valve remains closed when not energized to prevent abnormal fuel backflow, and opens when energized to achieve fuel discharge and flushing operations in the fuel rail.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the thermostat accurately collects the coolant temperature and transmits the temperature signal to a temperature gauge so that the operator can grasp the temperature status of the engine in real time and assist in determining the starting conditions and timing.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The utility model discloses that the traditional combustion chamber preheating technology is difficult to install the preheating plug due to the complex structure of the cylinder head or cylinder block, and it also faces the risk of coolant and oil leakage. The design abandons this method of relying on complex preheating structure and adopts unique oil circuit switching and control logic. It uses gasoline pumps, normally closed solenoid valves and other components to effectively process the fuel in the oil rail during low-temperature starting, completely avoiding the safety hazards and structural complexity caused by the difficulty in setting the preheating plug installation hole and the leakage of coolant and oil. It not only improves the safety of engine cold start, but also simplifies the overall structure of the engine and improves its stability and durability.

[0016] This utility model solves the problems of low fuel heating efficiency, high power consumption, long preheating time and substandard emissions in traditional intake manifold or fuel rail heating technologies. This design cleverly utilizes the working characteristics of the gasoline pump during low-temperature starting to quickly deliver gasoline to the fuel rail to flush the alcohol fuel and achieve cold starting. No additional high-energy heating equipment is required to preheat the fuel. This method not only effectively improves the timeliness and effectiveness of fuel supply and reduces the time required for starting, but also helps to improve the combustion conditions during the engine starting phase and reduce pollutant emissions due to the better volatility of gasoline at low temperatures. This improves the starting efficiency while significantly improving the environmental performance of the engine, which is in line with the development trend of modern energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0017] The utility model adopts a single fuel rail design and realizes flexible switching supply of alcohol fuel and gasoline in different starting stages through precise control of key components such as the conversion switch and the normally closed solenoid valve. This innovative design effectively reduces the complexity of the system and reduces the space occupied and installation difficulty caused by the dual fuel rail setting. At the same time, the manufacturing cost of the single fuel rail system is relatively low, making the engine cold start system more competitive in terms of cost-effectiveness, facilitating modification and promotion of application on existing engine systems, and providing an economically feasible solution for the popularization of cold start technology for alcohol fuel engines.

[0018] The utility model discloses a manual starting system and method which successfully overcomes the key problem that alcohol fuel engines equipped with passenger cars, construction machinery and the like are difficult to start or cannot start in a low temperature environment. Through a carefully designed temperature segmented starting strategy, for example, when the ambient temperature is above 12°C, the engine can be directly started with alcohol fuel, while in different low temperature ranges below 12°C, gasoline is first used to start the engine and then switched to alcohol fuel. This ensures that the engine can be started smoothly in various low temperature environments. This achievement greatly broadens the application scope of alcohol fuel engines in low temperature environments, so that vehicles and equipment equipped with the engine are no longer restricted by low temperature conditions, thereby improving its applicability and reliability in cold areas and laying a solid foundation for the promotion and application of alcohol fuel engines in more fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a manual starting system for cold starting an alcohol fuel engine according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the alcohol fuel supply unit structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gasoline supply unit structure of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the control and oil return unit structure of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Alcohol fuel pump; 2. Alcohol fuel tank; 3. Gasoline pump; 4. Gasoline fuel tank; 5. Vehicle ignition switch; 6. Battery; 7. Vehicle and engine ground; 8. Normally open push button switch; 9. Transfer switch; 10. Thermostat; 11. Temperature gauge; 12. Normally closed solenoid valve; 13. Engine; 14. Fuel rail; 15. Check valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The conditions in the examples may be further adjusted according to specific conditions. Simple improvements to the method of the present invention based on the concept of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-4 The utility model provides a manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine, comprising:

[0027] An alcohol fuel supply unit includes an alcohol fuel pump 1, an alcohol fuel tank 2, a fuel rail 14, and a one-way valve 15. The alcohol fuel pump 1 is mounted on the alcohol fuel tank 2. The oil outlet of the alcohol fuel pump 1 is connected to one end of the one-way valve 15 via a first alcohol fuel pipe. The other end of the one-way valve 15 is connected to the oil inlet of the fuel rail 14 via a second alcohol fuel pipe. The oil drain of the fuel rail 14 is connected to one end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 via a third alcohol fuel pipe.

[0028] A gasoline supply unit is provided with a gasoline pump 3 and a gasoline fuel tank 4. The oil outlet of the gasoline pump 3 is connected to the same end of the one-way valve 15 as the oil outlet of the alcohol fuel pump 1 via a fourth alcohol fuel pipe;

[0029] The control and oil return unit includes a battery 6, a vehicle ignition switch 5, a transfer switch 9, a normally open push button switch 8 and a normally closed solenoid valve 12. The positive electrode of the battery 6 is connected to one end of the vehicle ignition switch 5 via a first wire, and the other end of the vehicle ignition switch 5 is connected to the input end of the transfer switch 9 and the normally open push button switch 8 via a second wire. The two output ends of the transfer switch 9 are respectively connected to the positive electrodes of the alcohol fuel pump 1 and the gasoline pump 3 via a third wire. The output end of the normally open push button switch 8 is connected to the input end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 via a fourth wire. The negative electrode of the battery 6 is respectively connected to the negative electrodes of the alcohol fuel pump 1 and the gasoline pump 3 and the other input end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 via a fifth wire. The negative electrode of the battery 6 is also connected to the ground 7 of the vehicle and the engine 13. The other end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 is connected to the oil return port of the alcohol fuel tank 2 via a fifth alcohol fuel pipe.

[0030] The one-way valve 15 allows the fuel to flow from the alcohol fuel pump 1 and the gasoline pump 3 to the fuel rail 14 and prevents the fuel from flowing in the opposite direction.

[0031] It also includes a temperature monitoring component, which includes a thermostat 10 and a temperature meter 11. The thermostat 10 is used to collect the coolant temperature. The temperature meter 11 is connected to the thermostat 10 signal and is installed in a position on the vehicle that is easy to observe.

[0032] The alcohol fuel pump 1 and the gasoline pump 3 are both provided with independent power supply lines, and the power supply lines are controlled by the conversion switch 9 to supply alcohol fuel or gasoline to the fuel rail 14 according to different needs.

[0033] The normally closed solenoid valve 12 remains closed when not energized to prevent abnormal fuel backflow, and opens when energized to achieve the discharge and flushing operations of the fuel in the fuel rail 14.

[0034] The thermostat 10 accurately collects the coolant temperature and transmits the temperature signal to the temperature gauge 11 so that the operator can grasp the temperature status of the engine 13 in real time and assist in determining the starting conditions and timing.

[0035] The working principle and use process of the utility model are as follows: first, in the installation stage, the alcohol fuel pump 1 is installed on the alcohol fuel tank 2, and its oil outlet is connected to one end of the one-way valve 15 through the first alcohol fuel pipe, and the other end of the one-way valve 15 is connected to the oil inlet of the oil rail 14 through the second alcohol fuel pipe, and the oil drain of the oil rail 14 is connected to one end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 through the third alcohol fuel pipe; the gasoline pump 3 is placed in the gasoline fuel tank 4, and its oil outlet is connected to the same end connected to the one-way valve 15 and the oil outlet of the alcohol fuel pump 1 through the fourth alcohol fuel pipe, the positive electrode of the battery 6 is connected to one end of the vehicle ignition switch 5 through the first wire, and the other end of the vehicle ignition switch 5 is connected to the input end of the transfer switch 9 and the normally open button switch 8 through the second wire respectively, and the transfer switch The two outlet ends of the switch 9 are connected to the positive poles of the alcohol fuel pump 1 and the gasoline pump 3 respectively through the third wire, the outlet end of the normally open button switch 8 is connected to the inlet end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 through the fourth wire, the negative pole of the battery 6 is connected to the negative poles of the alcohol fuel pump 1 and the gasoline pump 3 and the other inlet end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 through the fifth wire, and is connected to the ground 7 of the vehicle and the engine 13, and the other end of the normally closed solenoid valve 12 is connected to the oil return port of the alcohol fuel tank 2 through the fifth alcohol fuel pipe; the thermostat 10 is installed in the cooling system of the engine 13 to collect the coolant temperature, and is connected to the signal of the temperature meter 11 installed in an easily observable position of the vehicle. Then the operator enters the vehicle, first switches the switch 9 to the gasoline mode, presses the normally open button switch 8 and holds it, and rotates The vehicle ignition switch 5 is turned to the first gear. At this time, the gasoline pump 3 is energized and runs for 4 seconds. The gasoline flows to the fuel rail 14 through the corresponding pipeline. At the same time, the normally closed solenoid valve 12 is opened, and the alcohol fuel in the fuel rail 14 is flushed back to the alcohol fuel tank 2. After 4 seconds, the normally open button switch 8 is released to reset the vehicle ignition switch 5. Then, the vehicle ignition switch 5 is turned to the start gear again, and the engine 13 is started with gasoline. After the engine starts successfully and ignites, it keeps burning for about 35-40 seconds. This is an approximate time and can be adjusted according to actual conditions. After that, the conversion switch 9 is switched to the alcohol fuel mode, and the engine is switched to alcohol fuel operation. During the whole process, the operator can observe the coolant temperature in real time through the thermometer 11 to assist in judgment Engine state: When the ambient temperature is above 12°C, the driver first enters the vehicle driver's seat, finds the switch 9, and manually switches it to the alcohol fuel mode. At this time, the alcohol fuel pump 1 is powered on and started under the control of the switch 9. Alcohol fuel is pumped from the alcohol fuel tank 2, passes through the alcohol fuel pump 1, the first alcohol fuel pipe, the one-way valve 15, and the second alcohol fuel pipe, enters the fuel rail 14, and is then supplied to the combustion chamber of the engine 13 through the fuel injector. The driver then turns the vehicle ignition switch 5 to the start position, and the engine 13 can be directly started using the alcohol fuel. During the starting process, the driver can judge whether the start is successful based on the running sound of the engine and the indicator light on the instrument panel.If the ambient temperature is within the range of 12°C-0°C, the driver will manually adjust the switch 9 to the gasoline mode after getting on the vehicle. Then, he will find the normally open button switch 8 and press it while keeping it pressed. Then, he will turn the vehicle ignition switch 5 to the first gear. At this time, the gasoline pump 3 will be powered on and start running for 4 seconds. Gasoline will be pumped out of the gasoline fuel tank 4 and pass through the gasoline pump 3, the fourth alcohol fuel pipe, the one-way valve 15, and the second alcohol fuel pipe into the fuel rail 14. At the same time, the normally closed solenoid valve 12 will open after power is turned on. Under the pressure of the gasoline pump 3, the alcohol fuel originally in the fuel rail 14 will be flushed back to the alcohol fuel tank 2 through the third alcohol fuel pipe and the normally closed solenoid valve 12, thereby filling the fuel rail 14 with gasoline. After 4 seconds, the driver will release the normally open button switch 8 to reset the vehicle ignition switch 5. Then, he will turn the vehicle ignition switch again. 5 to the starting gear, using gasoline as fuel to start the alcohol engine 13. After the engine 13 is successfully started, the driver switches the switch 9 to the alcohol fuel mode according to the operating condition of the engine, and waits for it to run stably, so that the engine 13 is switched back to running with alcohol fuel; when the ambient temperature is between 0℃ and 15℃, the starting operation process is basically the same as that at 12℃ to 0℃. The driver first switches the switch 9 to the gasoline mode, presses the normally open button switch 8 and holds it, rotates the vehicle ignition switch 5 to the first gear, and lets the gasoline pump 3 work for 4 seconds to flush the oil rail 14 and fill it. Full of gasoline, release the normally open button switch 8 and reset the vehicle ignition switch 5, and then start the engine 13 with gasoline. The difference is that after the engine 13 is successfully started and ignited, the driver needs to observe the running status of the engine or use tools such as a timer to keep the engine burning for 35 seconds to 40 seconds to ensure that the engine can run stably for a period of time in a low temperature environment, and then switch the switch 9 to the alcohol fuel mode; for the case where the ambient temperature is between -15℃ and 22℃, the operation steps for starting are also referred to 12℃-0℃. The driver first The transfer switch 9 is switched to gasoline mode. The normally open push button switch 8 is pressed and held. The vehicle ignition switch 5 is rotated to the first gear to start the gasoline pump 3 for 4 seconds to complete the flushing of the oil rail 14 and the filling of gasoline. The normally open push button switch 8 is released and the vehicle ignition switch 5 is reset. Then, the engine 13 is started with gasoline. After the engine 13 is successfully started and ignited, the driver should keep the engine burning for 110 seconds to 120 seconds. During this period, the driver should pay close attention to the engine operating parameters, such as the speed and water temperature. After the engine is fully preheated and running stably, the transfer switch 9 is switched to alcohol fuel mode.After the engine 13 has been running and ignited for 6-10 minutes, the driver can observe the coolant temperature displayed on the thermometer 11 while driving. If the engine 13 coolant temperature reaches 90°C at this time, it indicates that the engine is within the normal operating temperature range. If the engine 13 needs to be restarted later, the driver does not need to perform the complex fuel switching and flushing operations mentioned above. He can simply switch the switch 9 to the alcohol fuel mode and then turn the vehicle ignition switch 5 to the start position according to the normal starting steps to directly start the engine 13 using alcohol fuel. Finally, after the system is assembled, the installation and connection of each component are checked, and a power-on test is performed to ensure that the electrical components are functioning properly. Startup tests are then performed at different ambient temperatures, and relevant startup parameters such as time, success rate, and combustion stability are recorded. Through experiments, the optimal ambient temperature segmentation boundaries and fuel switching time parameters for engines 13 of different displacements are explored and compiled into a database to achieve system performance optimization.

[0036] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine, characterized in that: include: An alcohol fuel supply unit comprises an alcohol fuel pump (1), an alcohol fuel tank (2), an oil rail (14) and a one-way valve (15); the alcohol fuel pump (1) is mounted on the alcohol fuel tank (2); the oil outlet of the alcohol fuel pump (1) is connected to one end of the one-way valve (15) via a first alcohol fuel pipe; the other end of the one-way valve (15) is connected to the oil inlet of the oil rail (14) via a second alcohol fuel pipe; and the oil drain port of the oil rail (14) is connected to one end of a normally closed solenoid valve (12) via a third alcohol fuel pipe; A gasoline supply unit is provided with a gasoline pump (3) and a gasoline fuel tank (4), wherein the oil outlet of the gasoline pump (3) is connected to the same end of the one-way valve (15) as the oil outlet of the alcohol fuel pump (1) via a fourth alcohol fuel pipe; The control and oil return unit comprises a battery (6), a vehicle ignition switch (5), a transfer switch (9), a normally open push button switch (8) and a normally closed solenoid valve (12); the positive electrode of the battery (6) is connected to one end of the vehicle ignition switch (5) via a first wire; the other end of the vehicle ignition switch (5) is connected to the input end of the transfer switch (9) and the normally open push button switch (8) via a second wire; and the two output ends of the transfer switch (9) are connected to the alcohol fuel pump (1) via a third wire. and the positive electrode of the gasoline pump (3); the output end of the normally open push button switch (8) is connected to the input end of the normally closed electromagnetic valve (12) via a fourth wire; the negative electrode of the battery (6) is respectively connected to the negative electrodes of the alcohol fuel pump (1) and the gasoline pump (3) and the other input end of the normally closed electromagnetic valve (12) via a fifth wire; the negative electrode of the battery (6) is also connected to the ground (7) of the vehicle and the engine (13); the other end of the normally closed electromagnetic valve (12) is connected to the oil return port of the alcohol fuel tank (2) via a fifth alcohol fuel pipe.

2. A manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve (15) allows fuel to flow from the alcohol fuel pump (1) and the gasoline pump (3) to the fuel rail (14), and prevents fuel from flowing in the opposite direction.

3. The manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a temperature monitoring component, which includes a thermostat (10) and a temperature meter (11). The thermostat (10) is used to collect the coolant temperature. The temperature meter (11) is connected to the thermostat (10) by signal and is installed at a position on the vehicle that is convenient for observation.

4. The manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alcohol fuel pump (1) and the gasoline pump (3) are both provided with independent power supply circuits, and the power supply circuits are controlled by a conversion switch (9) to supply alcohol fuel or gasoline to the fuel rail (14) according to different needs.

5. The manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The normally closed solenoid valve (12) remains closed when not energized to prevent abnormal fuel backflow, and opens when energized to achieve fuel discharge and flushing operations in the fuel rail (14).

6. The manual starting system for cold starting of an alcohol fuel engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermostat (10) accurately collects the coolant temperature and transmits the temperature signal to the temperature meter (11), so that the operator can grasp the temperature state of the engine (13) in real time and assist in judging the starting conditions and timing.

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