Vibration reduction cutter

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vibration reduction cutter, which comprises a turning tool body and a turning tool blade, the turning tool body comprises a long arm and a short arm, the long arm can be clamped on a tool rest of a machine tool, one end of the long arm is fixedly connected with one end of the short arm, and the turning tool blade is arranged at one end, far away from the long arm, of the short arm; a closed containing cavity is formed in the long arm, and the containing cavity is filled with damping materials. Compared with the prior art, the end face deep ring groove turning tool has the advantages that machining of the end face deep ring groove can be completed, chatter of the turning tool under the action of cutting force is reduced, and chatter marks existing on the machined surface of a machined part are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metal cutting, in particular to a vibration-damping tool. Background Art

[0002] Currently, many transmission components in large transmissions are rotating bodies, primarily made of forged steel, resulting in large dimensions and heavy weight. To reduce the weight of transmissions, weight reduction is generally considered during design. Part weight should be minimized while still meeting service life, operating parameters, and functional requirements. Common measures include creating deep holes and end face ring grooves. These are characterized by large bore diameters, long lengths, wide grooves on one side, and deep depths, with surface roughness generally no greater than Ra 6.3. Deep holes can be machined using drilling machines, deep-hole boring machines, and other standard tools. However, end face ring grooves can only be machined using lathes. Due to the large depth of the ring grooves, the effective working length of standard turning tools is insufficient, making it difficult to meet machining requirements. In existing technology, when the end face ring groove depth exceeds the effective working length of a standard turning tool, the toolholder is lengthened. However, this lengthened toolholder increases the tool's aspect ratio, reducing tool rigidity. This causes the tool to bend and vibrate under the cutting force, resulting in noticeable chatter marks on the machined part surface and substandard roughness. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a vibration-damping tool to address the problem in the prior art that when the depth of the end face annular groove to be machined is greater than the effective working length of a standard turning tool, the rigidity of the turning tool decreases after the tool shank is lengthened, resulting in obvious chatter marks on the machined surface of the part after machining.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0005] A vibration-damping tool comprises a turning tool body and a turning insert. The turning tool body comprises a long arm and a short arm. The long arm can be clamped on a machine tool tool holder, with one end of the long arm fixedly connected to one end of the short arm. The turning insert is mounted on the short arm at an end away from the long arm. A sealed accommodating cavity is provided inside the long arm, which is filled with damping material. The length L1 of the short arm is greater than the depth l of the annular groove to be machined.

[0006] The utility model adopts the above-mentioned technical solution. During cutting processing, the machine tool tool holder clamps the long arm, and the movement of the machine tool tool holder drives the turning blade on the short arm to move, cutting the end face of the rotating part. Since the length of the short arm is greater than the depth of the ring groove to be processed, the processing requirement of the deep ring groove can be completed by extending one end of the short arm into the ring groove. By filling the damping material inside the long arm, the vibration energy of the tool can be converted into heat energy dissipation, thereby reducing the vibration of the turning tool body. Compared with the prior art, when the depth of the end face ring groove to be processed is greater than the effective working length of the standard turning tool, the tool holder is lengthened for use. After the tool holder is lengthened, the rigidity of the turning tool decreases, resulting in the problem of obvious chatter marks on the processed surface of the part after processing. The utility model can not only complete the processing of the deep ring groove of the end face, but also reduce the chatter of the turning tool under the action of the cutting force, thereby reducing the chatter marks on the processed surface of the part after processing.

[0007] Furthermore, the long arm and the short arm are perpendicular to each other, and the short arm is connected to the side surface of the end of the long arm, so that the turning tool body is L-shaped; the turning tool body is set to be L-shaped so that the long arm is along the radial direction of the rotating part, which makes it convenient for the machine tool tool holder to be clamped on the end of the long arm away from the short arm and will not interfere with the part.

[0008] Furthermore, the long arm is in the shape of a rectangular column, and the short arm is in the shape of a wedge column, and the thickness of the two is equal; the cross-sectional area of ​​the short arm gradually increases along the direction approaching the long arm; with this arrangement, the connection between the long arm and the short arm is high in strength, and the entire turning tool body has good rigidity.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross-section of the long arm is a square with a side length of a, and the length of the long arm is L2, satisfying: 0.15×L1≤a≤0.17×L1, 1.5×L1≤L2≤4×L1; the long arm size is controlled within this range, which can significantly reduce the vibration of the long arm itself during cutting. At the same time, L2 is large, so that the tool is also suitable for processing end face ring grooves with larger widths.

[0010] Furthermore, a blind hole is provided on the end face of one end of the long arm connected to the short arm, the damping material is arranged in the blind hole, and a detachable sealing member is installed at the opening of the blind hole; with such an arrangement, the damping material is away from the tool tip, which can avoid thermal decomposition of the damping material caused by high-temperature heat conduction of the tool; a accommodating cavity for the damping material is formed by opening a blind hole and sealing it with a sealing member, which is simple to process and easy to manufacture.

[0011] Furthermore, the center line of the blind hole coincides with the center line of the long arm; with this arrangement, the force and moment on the cross section of the long arm are more uniform.

[0012] Furthermore, the depth of the blind hole is L3, which satisfies: 50%×L2≤L3≤80%×L2; and the position of the clamping long arm of the machine tool tool holder is staggered with the blind hole.

[0013] Furthermore, L1>150mm. With this setting, the tool can process annular grooves with a depth exceeding 150mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the damping material is a mixture of at least one compound selected from epoxy resin, polyurethane, and phthalate and a curing agent; epoxy resin, polyurethane, and phthalate are all existing polymer damping materials. After being cured by the curing agent, they can convert the mechanical vibration energy of the tool into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby playing a vibration reduction role.

[0015] Furthermore, the base material of the long arm and the short arm is tool steel, and the surface hardness of both is ≥60HRC; the tool surface hardness is high and wear-resistant, the long arm clamping part is not easily squeezed, deformed or damaged, and has a high reuse rate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: it can complete the processing of deep end face annular grooves, reduce the vibration of the turning tool under the action of cutting force, and reduce the chatter marks on the surface of the part after processing; the turning tool body is set to L-shape, so that the long arm is along the radial direction of the rotating part, which is convenient for the machine tool tool holder to be clamped on the long arm away from the short arm end, and will not interfere with the part; it is not only suitable for the processing of large end face annular groove depths, but also suitable for the processing of large end face annular groove widths; the damping material is away from the tool tip, which can avoid thermal decomposition of the damping material due to high-temperature heat conduction of the tool; the tool surface hardness is high and wear-resistant, the long arm clamping part is not easy to be squeezed, deformed or damaged, and the reuse rate is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the utility model in use.

[0018] Markings in the figure: 1-long arm, 2-short arm, 3-turning blade, 4-damping material, 5-machine tool holder, 6-seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] The embodiment of the utility model provides a vibration-damping tool, including a turning tool body and a turning blade 3, the turning tool body including a long arm 1 and a short arm 2, the long arm 1 can be clamped on a machine tool tool holder 5, one end of the long arm 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the short arm 2, and the turning blade 3 is mounted on the short arm 2 at an end away from the long arm 1; a sealed accommodating cavity is provided inside the long arm 1, and the accommodating cavity is filled with a damping material 4; the length L1 of the short arm 2 is greater than the depth l of the ring groove to be machined; the base material of the long arm 1 and the short arm 2 is tool steel, and the surface hardness of both is ≥60HRC; during manufacturing, the long arm 1 and the short arm 2 are integrally formed, and then the whole is subjected to preheating + quenching + cooling + tempering heat treatment to make the surface hardness ≥60HRC; the turning blade 3 is a standard round turning blade; L1>150mm;

[0022] The angle between the long arm 1 and the short arm 2 is not limited, as long as the turning tool body and the turning blade 3 can complete the processing of the end face ring groove under the drive of the machine tool tool holder 5 without interfering with surrounding parts, fixtures, etc. Preferably, the angle between the long arm 1 and the short arm 2 is 90° to 100°; in this embodiment, the long arm 1 and the short arm 2 are selected to be perpendicular, and the short arm 2 is connected to the side surface of the end of the long arm 1, so that the turning tool body is L-shaped;

[0023] The long arm 1 is in the shape of a rectangular column, and the short arm 2 is in the shape of a wedge column, and the thickness of the two is equal; along the direction approaching the long arm 1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the short arm 2 gradually increases;

[0024] The cross section of the long arm 1 is a square with a side length of a. The length of the long arm 1 is L2, satisfying the following conditions: 0.15×L1≤a≤0.17×L1, 1.5×L1≤L2≤4×L1;

[0025] The shape and size of the tool are set as above. After being clamped by the machine tool tool holder 5, the effective extension length along the width direction of the ring groove is greater than 200mm, and it can complete the processing of the end face ring groove with a depth greater than 150mm and a width greater than 150mm.

[0026] A blind hole is provided on the end surface of the long arm 1 connected to the short arm 2, a damping material 4 is provided in the blind hole, and a detachable sealing member 6 is installed at the opening of the blind hole; the sealing member 6 is a wire plug;

[0027] The center line of the blind hole coincides with the center line of the long arm 1;

[0028] The depth of the blind hole is L3, which satisfies: 50% × L2 ≤ L3 ≤ 80% × L2; the diameter of the blind hole is D, which satisfies: 0.5a <D<0.7a;

[0029] The damping material 4 is a mixture of at least one compound selected from epoxy resin, polyurethane, and phthalate, and a curing agent. Epoxy resin, polyurethane, and phthalate are all existing polymer damping materials, and the curing agent is an existing curing agent capable of curing the aforementioned three compounds. The damping material 4 can be one of the three, two of the three, or a mixture of the three and the curing agent. The operation of inserting the damping material 4 into the long arm 1 is as follows: after thoroughly mixing the components of the damping material 4, the damping material 4 is poured into the long arm 1. After the damping material 4 is completely cured, the orifice is sealed with a seal 6. The damping material 4 can convert the mechanical vibration energy of the tool into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby providing a vibration reduction effect. The principle behind this is based on existing technology. Specifically, the damping material 4 poured into the long arm 1 is a fully cured, non-soluble and non-melting polymer material with good thermal conductivity, no chemical corrosion, and chemically inert. The damping material 4 consumes energy through three aspects: molecular chain motion, internal friction, and the continuous destruction and regeneration of physical bonds between macromolecular chains. During turning, the vibration energy generated at the cutting edge of the turning tool is transmitted to the tool body. When an external force acts, the chains between the polymer molecules will also undergo deformation such as stretching and twisting, thereby dissipating some of the energy through friction. When cutting stops and the external force disappears, the deformed molecular chains will return to their original position. In this process, the polymer overcomes the internal friction damping between its macromolecular segments, generating internal friction. Due to the viscosity of the polymer, the deformed molecular chains do not fully return to their original state, and the work used for deformation is dissipated as heat to the tool substrate. Most of the energy is converted into heat and dissipated, and a small amount of energy is stored as potential energy, which effectively reduces cutting vibration and also reduces the noise generated by cutting.

[0030] The utility model adopts the above-mentioned technical solution. During cutting, the machine tool tool holder 5 clamps the long arm 1, and the movement of the machine tool tool holder 5 drives the turning blade 3 on the short arm 2 to move, cutting the end face of the rotating part. Since the length of the short arm 2 is greater than the depth of the ring groove to be machined, the end of the short arm 2 is extended into the ring groove to complete the processing requirements of the deep ring groove. By filling the damping material 4 inside the long arm 1, the vibration energy of the tool can be converted into heat energy dissipation, thereby reducing the vibration of the turning tool body. Compared with the prior art, when the depth of the end face ring groove to be machined is greater than the effective working length of the standard turning tool, the tool holder is lengthened for use. After the tool holder is lengthened, the rigidity of the turning tool decreases, resulting in a decrease in the machining surface of the part after machining. The problem of obvious chatter marks on the surface of the end face can be solved. The utility model can not only complete the processing of deep annular grooves on the end face, but also reduce the vibration of the turning tool under the action of cutting force, and reduce the chatter marks on the surface of the part after processing; at the same time, the turning tool body is set to L-shape, so that the long arm is along the radial direction of the rotating part, which is convenient for the machine tool tool holder to be clamped on the long arm away from the short arm at the end without interfering with the part; it is not only suitable for the processing of larger end face annular groove depth, but also suitable for the processing of larger end face annular groove width; the damping material is away from the tool tip, which can avoid the thermal decomposition of the damping material due to high-temperature heat conduction of the tool; the tool surface hardness is large and wear-resistant, the long arm clamping part is not easy to be squeezed, deformed and damaged, and the reuse rate is high.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a turning tool body and a turning blade (3), wherein the turning tool body comprises a long arm (1) and a short arm (2), wherein the long arm (1) can be clamped on a machine tool tool holder (5), one end of the long arm (1) is fixedly connected to one end of the short arm (2), and the turning blade (3) is mounted on an end of the short arm (2) away from the long arm (1); a sealed accommodating cavity is provided inside the long arm (1), and the accommodating cavity is filled with a damping material (4); the length L1 of the short arm (2) is greater than the depth of the annular groove to be machined l ; The long arm (1) and the short arm (2) are perpendicular to each other, and the short arm (2) is connected to the side surface of the end of the long arm (1), so that the turning tool body is L-shaped; the long arm (1) and the short arm (2) are integrally formed; a blind hole is provided on the end surface of the end of the long arm (1) connected to the short arm (2), the damping material (4) is provided in the blind hole, and a detachable sealing member (6) is installed at the opening of the blind hole.

2. The vibration-damping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long arm (1) is in the shape of a rectangular column, and the short arm (2) is in the shape of a wedge column, and the thicknesses of the two are equal; along the direction approaching the long arm (1), the cross-sectional area of ​​the short arm (2) gradually increases.

3. The vibration-damping tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the long arm (1) is a square, the side length of which is a, and the length of the long arm (1) is L2, which satisfies: 0.15×L1≤a≤0.17×L1, 1.5×L1≤L2≤4×L1.

4. The vibration-damping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center line of the blind hole coincides with the center line of the long arm (1).

5. The vibration-damping tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The depth of the blind hole is L3, which satisfies: 50%×L2≤L3≤80%×L2.

6. The vibration-damping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: L1>150mm.

7. The vibration-damping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base material of the long arm (1) and the short arm (2) is tool steel, and the surface hardness of both is ≥60HRC.

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