Anti-interference antenna and anti-interference structure thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of satellite navigation, in particular to an anti-interference antenna and an anti-interference structure thereof. In the application, each surrounding array element antenna is provided with an anti-interference structure, the signal of the surrounding array element antenna is received by the signal receiving module, passes through the signal transmission channel and is output by the signal output module, and at the moment, the antenna signal is processed by the signal processing module. Specifically, in the signal processing module, when the power supply supplies power to the anti-interference circuit, the anti-interference circuit controls the signal transmission channel to be conducted, so that the antenna signal can be output from the signal output module; and when the power supply stops supplying power to the anti-interference circuit, the anti-interference circuit controls the signal transmission channel to be disconnected, so that the antenna signal cannot be output from the signal output module. Thus, the anti-interference mode and the high-precision positioning mode can be switched at will according to actual needs, mutual coupling between the center array element antenna and the surrounding array element antenna is eliminated fundamentally, and the gain of the center array element antenna is effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of satellite navigation technology, and in particular to an anti-interference antenna and its anti-interference structure. Background Art

[0002] Some satellite navigation antennas not only have high-precision positioning capabilities, but also have anti-interference capabilities. The high-precision positioning antenna is usually placed in the center of the entire structure, usually a microstrip antenna, and the anti-interference antennas are placed around the structure, usually four microstrip antennas.

[0003] The RF signals received by the four anti-interference antennas are converted into digital baseband signals. The anti-interference module then performs space-time adaptive filtering on the four signals. This process requires a large amount of digital signal processing and consumes a lot of power. Therefore, when there is no interference signal, the anti-interference module does not operate. Only the module belonging to the central unit's high-precision antenna operates to save power. In other words, the high-precision positioning function and the anti-interference function operate in a time-sharing manner: either the high-precision positioning function or the anti-interference function is active.

[0004] When high-precision positioning is in operation, the anti-interference function is disabled. However, the antennas, acting as passive receivers, are constantly receiving signals, regardless of whether they are anti-interference or high-precision positioning. However, their respective back-end active processing modules are disabled. These two antennas operate in the same frequency band, with the central high-precision antenna surrounded by surrounding anti-interference antennas. The mutual coupling between antenna elements significantly impacts the antenna at the center of the structure, particularly the gain of the central high-precision antenna. Without the four surrounding anti-interference antennas, the maximum gain of the central antenna is 5dBi. With the four surrounding antennas, the gain of the central antenna drops to 1.5dBi. To mitigate this effect, conventional methods include increasing the isolation between the surrounding anti-interference antenna elements and the central antenna element, such as adding metal shielding around the anti-interference antenna. However, this approach only provides limited improvement in isolation and cannot fundamentally address the impact of mutual coupling on the gain of the central element. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides an anti-interference antenna and an anti-interference structure thereof, which effectively solves the problem that the existing satellite navigation antenna is prone to reduce the gain of the central array element due to mutual coupling between antenna array elements.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, an embodiment provides an anti-interference structure of an antenna, comprising: a signal receiving module, a signal transmission channel, a signal output module, and a signal processing module;

[0007] The signal receiving module is provided at one end of the signal transmission channel, and is used to receive antenna signals;

[0008] The signal transmission channel is used for transmitting antenna signals;

[0009] The signal output module is provided at the other end of the signal transmission channel, and is used to output the antenna signal to the back-end circuit;

[0010] The signal processing module includes a power supply and an anti-interference circuit;

[0011] The power supply is used to supply power to the anti-interference circuit according to control instructions; the anti-interference circuit is used to make the signal transmission channel conductive when the power supply is supplying power; the anti-interference circuit is also used to disconnect the signal transmission channel when the power supply stops supplying power.

[0012] In an achievable implementation, the anti-interference circuit includes a current-limiting resistor, an inductor, a first diode, a microstrip line, a second diode, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor;

[0013] The first end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the power supply, and the second end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the inductor;

[0014] The second end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the diode is connected to the input end of the microstrip line, the output end of the microstrip line is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the second diode is grounded;

[0015] The positive electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the second end of the inductor, and the negative electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the signal output module;

[0016] The positive electrode of the second capacitor is connected to the input end of the microstrip line, and the negative electrode of the second capacitor is connected to the signal receiving module.

[0017] In a feasible implementation, the length of the microstrip line is a quarter of a wavelength.

[0018] In a feasible implementation manner, the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line is 50Ω.

[0019] In a feasible implementation manner, the anti-interference circuit further includes a third capacitor; the positive electrode of the third capacitor is connected to the second end of the current-limiting resistor, and the negative electrode of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0020] In a feasible implementation, the anti-interference circuit further includes a third diode; the anode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the cathode of the third diode is grounded.

[0021] According to one aspect of the present application, an embodiment provides an anti-interference antenna, comprising a central array element antenna and a plurality of surrounding array element antennas surrounding the central array element antenna, and further comprising the anti-interference structure as described above; each of the surrounding array element antennas is connected to one of the anti-interference structures.

[0022] In an achievable embodiment, a control unit is further included, and the control unit is used to control the power on or off of the power supply.

[0023] In one feasible embodiment, when the power supply is turned off, the anti-interference structure short-circuits the antenna signal received by the surround array element antenna; when the power supply is turned on, the anti-interference structure transmits the antenna signal received by the surround array element antenna to the back-end circuit.

[0024] According to the anti-interference structure / antenna of the above-described embodiment, an anti-interference structure is provided on each surrounding element antenna. Signals from the surrounding element antennas are received by a signal receiving module, passed through a signal transmission channel, and then outputted by a signal output module. At this point, the antenna signals are processed by a signal processing module. Specifically, the signal processing module includes a power supply and an anti-interference circuit. When the power supply is supplied to the anti-interference circuit, the anti-interference circuit controls the signal transmission channel to be conductive, allowing the antenna signal to be outputted from the signal output module. When the power supply is stopped, the anti-interference circuit controls the signal transmission channel to be disconnected, preventing the antenna signal from being outputted from the signal output module. By adopting the solution of the present application, when the power supply is disconnected, the signals from the surrounding element antennas are disconnected, allowing the center element antenna to achieve maximum gain. When the power supply is restored, the signals from the surrounding element antennas can smoothly enter the back-end circuitry. This design allows for switching between anti-interference mode and high-precision positioning mode as needed, fundamentally eliminating mutual coupling between the center and surrounding element antennas and effectively increasing the gain of the center element antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of the anti-interference structure provided in this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 This is the anti-interference circuit diagram provided by this embodiment.

[0027] Reference numerals: 10, signal receiving module; 20, signal transmission channel; 30, signal output module; 40, signal processing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is further described in detail below by means of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different embodiments are numbered with associated similar elements. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are provided to enable the present application to be better understood. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that some of the features may be omitted in different circumstances, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid the core portion of the present application being overwhelmed by excessive descriptions. For those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail. They can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0029] In addition, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any appropriate manner to form various implementations, and the operational steps involved in each embodiment may be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the specification and drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a particular embodiment and do not imply a required composition and / or sequence.

[0030] The serial numbers assigned to components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish the objects being described and do not convey any sequential or technical meaning. References to "connection" and "coupling" herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (couplings).

[0031] refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides an anti-interference structure of an antenna, including: a signal receiving module 10, a signal transmission channel 20, a signal output module 30 and a signal processing module 40; the signal receiving module 10 is arranged at one end of the signal transmission channel 20, and the signal receiving module 10 is used to receive antenna signals; the signal transmission channel 20 is used to transmit antenna signals; the signal output module 30 is arranged at the other end of the signal transmission channel 20, and the signal output module 30 is used to output antenna signals to the back-end circuit; the signal processing module 40 includes a power supply Vd and an anti-interference circuit; the power supply Vd is used to supply power to the anti-interference circuit according to control instructions; the anti-interference circuit is used to make the signal transmission channel 20 conductive when the power supply Vd supplies power; the anti-interference circuit is also used to disconnect the signal transmission channel 20 when the power supply Vd stops supplying power.

[0032] Through simulation analysis and field measurements, the solution of this embodiment shows that signals from the surrounding element antennas are received by the signal receiving module 10, pass through the signal transmission channel 20, and are output through the signal output module 30. At this point, the antenna signals are processed by the signal processing module 40. Specifically, the signal processing module 40 includes a power supply Vd and an anti-interference circuit. When power supply Vd supplies power to the anti-interference circuit, the anti-interference circuit controls the signal transmission channel 20 to conduct, allowing the antenna signal to be output from the signal output module 30. When power supply Vd stops supplying power to the anti-interference circuit, the anti-interference circuit controls the signal transmission channel 20 to disconnect, preventing the antenna signal from being output from the signal output module 30. In other words, when power supply Vd is disconnected, the signals from the surrounding element antennas are cut off, allowing the center element antenna to achieve maximum gain, reaching 4.5 dBi, which is close to the situation when there are no surrounding anti-interference elements. When power supply Vd is on, the signals from the surrounding element antennas can smoothly enter the back-end circuit.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, further, the anti-interference circuit includes a current limiting resistor R1, an inductor L1, a first diode D1, a microstrip line AB, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2; the first end of the current limiting resistor R1 is connected to the power supply Vd, and the second end of the current limiting resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the inductor L1; the second end of the inductor L1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D1, the negative electrode of the diode is connected to the input end of the microstrip line AB, the output end of the microstrip line AB is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D2, and the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is grounded; the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the inductor L1, and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the signal output module 30; the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the input end of the microstrip line AB, and the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the signal receiving module 10.

[0034] Among them, the microstrip line AB is introduced into the anti-interference circuit. According to the impedance formula of the microstrip line AB:

[0035]

[0036] β=2π / l;

[0037] Among them, Z0 represents the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line AB, Z L represents the load impedance, l represents the length of the microstrip line AB, Z in represents the input impedance of microstrip line AB, β represents the phase constant, and j represents the sign of the imaginary part.

[0038] According to the above formula, when the terminal is short-circuited, the input impedance Z of the quarter-wavelength microstrip line AB is in When the terminal is open, the input impedance of the quarter-wavelength microstrip line AB is Z inis 0. By utilizing this characteristic, the microstrip line AB can be transformed between short circuit and open circuit.

[0039] Specifically, when the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 in this embodiment are used as switches, they only require a very small forward current to exhibit an extremely small resistance value, which means that the diode is considered to be in the switch-on state. When no forward current flows, the diode exhibits a larger resistance value, which means that the diode is considered to be in the switch-off state. This embodiment utilizes the characteristics of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, which conduct when forward current is applied and cut off when power is removed. When power is supplied to the power supply Vd, the current flows back to the ground through the current-limiting resistor R1, the inductor L1, the first diode D1, the microstrip line AB, and the second diode D2, forming a loop. At this time, the second diode D2 conducts, shorting the microstrip line AB to the ground. Therefore, the B end of the microstrip line AB is short-circuited, and after a quarter wavelength, the A end is equivalent to an open circuit. Therefore, the microstrip line AB and the first diode D1 have no effect on the path of the signal through the signal transmission channel 20. Since the first diode D1 is conductive, the antenna signal can pass smoothly and is output to the back-end circuit after passing through the first capacitor C1. Therefore, after receiving the antenna signal, the signal receiving module 10 can smoothly pass through the signal transmission channel 20 and be output to the back-end circuit through the signal output module 30. When the power supply Vd is disconnected, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are both in the off state (i.e., open-circuited state). At this time, the microstrip line AB is short-circuited at end point A. Therefore, the input antenna signal is short-circuited at point A. Even if a small amount of signal leakage occurs, it is blocked by the disconnected first diode D1 and reflected back to point A for shorting.

[0040] The antenna signal in this embodiment is a radio frequency signal, that is, an AC signal, and uses a first capacitor C1, an inductor L1, and a second capacitor C2. Since the capacitor has the characteristic of blocking DC and passing AC, and the inductor L1 has the characteristic of blocking AC and passing DC, when the power supply Vd is energized, the radio frequency signal can smoothly pass through the second capacitor C2 and the first capacitor C1 to the back-end circuit. At the same time, the radio frequency signal is blocked by the inductor L1 and thus does not reach the power supply Vd.

[0041] In some embodiments, the length of the microstrip line AB is a quarter wavelength, and the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line AB is 50Ω.

[0042] Specifically, when the length of microstrip line AB is one-quarter wavelength, the phase difference between the two ends of microstrip line AB is 90 degrees. When endpoint B is short-circuited (impedance is zero), endpoint A is equivalent to an open circuit (infinite impedance). When the characteristic impedance of microstrip line AB is set to 50Ω, leakage or loss of the main signal can be minimized, ensuring efficient transmission of the main signal.

[0043] In some embodiments, the anti-interference circuit further includes a third capacitor C3 ; a positive electrode of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the second end of the current-limiting resistor R1 , and a negative electrode of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0044] In specific applications, a small amount of signal may leak through the inductor L1 and then leak to the power supply Vd. To prevent this from happening, a third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel to the first end of the inductor L1. The small amount of signal passing through the inductor L1 is short-circuited to the ground by the third capacitor C3 and will not reach the power supply Vd port.

[0045] Furthermore, the anti-interference circuit further includes a third diode D3; the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is grounded.

[0046] In practical applications, due to the non-ideal characteristics of the device, one second diode D2 is not sufficient to completely achieve an open circuit state. Therefore, in this embodiment, a third diode D3 is connected in series with the cathode of the second diode D2, so that point B of the microstrip line AB is completely open circuited.

[0047] This embodiment provides an anti-interference antenna, including a central array element antenna and a plurality of surrounding array element antennas surrounding the central array element antenna, and also includes the anti-interference structure of the above embodiment; each surrounding array element antenna is connected to an anti-interference structure.

[0048] Typically, the surrounding antennas are arranged around the central antenna, spaced evenly at half-wavelength intervals along its circumference. Each surrounding antenna is also half-wavelength away from the central antenna. The surrounding antennas typically consist of four microstrip antennas, but more can be used. The number of antennas required depends on the technical requirements for the number of interference signals the antenna must resist. Theoretically, an N-element anti-interference antenna can effectively resist interference signals from N-1 directions.

[0049] In a specific implementation, when power supply Vd is disconnected, the anti-interference structure short-circuits the antenna signals received by the surrounding element antennas, allowing the central element antenna to achieve maximum gain. When power supply Vd is on, the anti-interference structure enables the antenna signals received by the surrounding element antennas to be smoothly transmitted to the back-end circuitry. Since the anti-interference structure has been described in detail in the above embodiment, this embodiment will not be further elaborated upon.

[0050] Furthermore, a control unit is included, which is used to control the power on or off of the power supply Vd.

[0051] Specifically, the control unit can employ a control switch to turn power supply Vd in each anti-interference structure on and off, thereby automatically switching between anti-interference modes. When high-precision positioning is required, the control unit turns on power supply Vd, enabling simultaneous operation of the center and surround antennas. When anti-interference is required, the control unit turns off power supply Vd, deactivating the surround antennas. This ensures maximum gain for the center antenna, while also saving power.

[0052] The above examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which are only used to help understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make some simple deductions, modifications or substitutions based on the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-interference structure of an antenna, characterized in that: include: Signal receiving module, signal transmission channel, signal output module and signal processing module; The signal receiving module is provided at one end of the signal transmission channel, and the signal receiving module is used to receive antenna signals; The signal transmission channel is used for transmitting antenna signals; The signal output module is provided at the other end of the signal transmission channel, and is used to output the antenna signal to the back-end circuit; The signal processing module includes a power supply and an anti-interference circuit; The power supply is used to supply power to the anti-interference circuit according to control instructions; the anti-interference circuit is used to make the signal transmission channel conductive when the power supply is supplying power; the anti-interference circuit is also used to disconnect the signal transmission channel when the power supply stops supplying power.

2. The anti-interference structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-interference circuit includes a current limiting resistor, an inductor, a first diode, a microstrip line, a second diode, a first capacitor and a second capacitor; The first end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the power supply, and the second end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the inductor; The second end of the inductor is connected to the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the diode is connected to the input end of the microstrip line, the output end of the microstrip line is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the second diode is grounded; The positive electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the second end of the inductor, and the negative electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the signal output module; The positive electrode of the second capacitor is connected to the input end of the microstrip line, and the negative electrode of the second capacitor is connected to the signal receiving module.

3. The anti-interference structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the microstrip line is a quarter of a wavelength.

4. The anti-interference structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The characteristic impedance of the microstrip line is 50Ω.

5. The anti-interference structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-interference circuit further includes a third capacitor; the positive electrode of the third capacitor is connected to the second end of the current-limiting resistor, and the negative electrode of the third capacitor is grounded.

6. The anti-interference structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-interference circuit further includes a third diode; the anode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the cathode of the third diode is grounded.

7. An anti-interference antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a central array element antenna and a plurality of surrounding array element antennas surrounding the central array element antenna, and also comprises an anti-interference structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6; each of the surrounding array element antennas is connected to one of the anti-interference structures.

8. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 7, wherein: A control unit is also included, and the control unit is used to control the power on or off of the power supply.

9. The anti-interference antenna according to claim 8, wherein: When the power supply is turned off, the anti-interference structure short-circuits the antenna signal received by the surround array element antenna; when the power supply is turned on, the anti-interference structure transmits the antenna signal received by the surround array element antenna to the back-end circuit.

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