Anti-interference active antenna device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-interference active antenna device. The device comprises one or more signal receiving array elements, a metal base and an output port, the signal receiving array element comprises a passive antenna, a double-layer circuit board and an amplifier unit; the passive antenna is arranged above the double-layer circuit board, and the amplifier unit is arranged below the double-layer circuit board; the passive antenna is connected with the input end of the amplifier unit; the output end of each amplifier unit is connected with the output port; the amplifier unit comprises an amplitude limiter, a prefilter, an amplifier and a secondary filter which are sequentially connected in series; the metal base is provided with containing cavities with the same number as the amplifier units, and one containing cavity is used for containing one amplifier unit so as to shield interference signals. The passive antenna and the amplifier unit are respectively arranged above and below the double-layer circuit board, and the amplifier unit can suppress strong interference signals, so that the overall size of the antenna device can be reduced, and the anti-interference capability of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of satellite navigation antennas, in particular to an anti-interference active antenna device. Background Art

[0002] At present, low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle equipment relies on satellite anti-interference antennas to ensure positioning in complex environments. However, the structure of existing satellite anti-interference antennas is relatively complex, and the positioning accuracy in complex environments is poor and the anti-interference capability is also weak.

[0003] Therefore, developing an antenna device with smaller size, higher positioning accuracy and stronger anti-interference ability is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the utility model is to develop an antenna device with smaller size, higher positioning accuracy and stronger anti-interference ability.

[0005] According to the first aspect, an embodiment provides an anti-interference active antenna device, comprising: one or more signal receiving array elements, a metal base, and an output port;

[0006] The signal receiving array element includes: a passive antenna, a double-layer circuit board and an amplifier unit; the passive antenna is arranged above the double-layer circuit board, and the amplifier unit is arranged below the double-layer circuit board;

[0007] The passive antenna is connected to the input end of the amplifier unit; the output end of each amplifier unit is connected to the output port;

[0008] The amplifier unit comprises: a limiter, a pre-filter, an amplifier and a secondary filter connected in series in sequence;

[0009] The metal base has accommodating cavities with the same number as the amplifier units, and one accommodating cavity is used to accommodate one amplifier unit to shield interference signals.

[0010] According to the anti-interference active antenna device of the above embodiment, since the passive antenna and the amplifier unit are respectively arranged above and below the double-layer circuit board, the electronic components in the amplifier unit can be accommodated in the accommodating cavity of the metal base. In this way, the overall size of the antenna device can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of miniaturization; since the electronic components in the amplifier unit, such as the limiter, can suppress strong interference signals such as active pulses, the input pulses and other large signals are reflected back or dissipated in the form of heat, ensuring that pure small signals enter the amplifier, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the amplifying circuit from damage and resisting strong interference, and at the same time also improving the positioning accuracy of the anti-interference antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A front view of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment without a radome;

[0012] Figure 2 A top view of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment without a radome;

[0013] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment without a radome;

[0014] Figure 4 A front view of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment;

[0015] Figure 5 A bottom view of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 6 A top view of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 7 A circuit schematic diagram of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 8 A circuit diagram of an embodiment of an amplifier in an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 9 A circuit diagram of an embodiment of a secondary filter in an anti-interference active antenna device provided by this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a voltage stabilizing circuit in an anti-interference active antenna device provided by this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 1: Signal receiving array element 10, passive antenna 101, double-layer circuit board 102, amplifier unit 103, limiter 1031, pre-filter 1032, amplifier 1033, secondary filter 1034, attenuation circuit 1035, voltage stabilizing circuit 1036, bridge circuit 1037, metal base 20, antenna base plate 30, antenna cover 40, output port 50. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described in detail below by means of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different embodiments are numbered with associated similar elements. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are provided to enable the present application to be better understood. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that some of the features may be omitted under different circumstances, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid the core portion of the present application being overwhelmed by excessive descriptions. For those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail. They can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0023] In addition, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate manner to form various embodiments. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to be a required sequence unless otherwise specified.

[0024] The serial numbers assigned to components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish the objects being described and do not convey any sequential or technical meaning. References to "connection" and "coupling" herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (couplings).

[0025] At present, low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle equipment relies on satellite anti-interference antennas to ensure positioning in complex environments. However, the structure of existing satellite anti-interference antennas is relatively complex, and the positioning accuracy in complex environments is poor and the anti-interference capability is also weak.

[0026] Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to develop an antenna device with smaller size, higher positioning accuracy and stronger anti-interference ability.

[0027] Based on this, the solution of the present utility model is proposed. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the passive antenna and the amplifier unit are respectively arranged above and below the double-layer circuit board, and the electronic components in the amplifier unit can be accommodated in the accommodating cavity of the metal base. In this way, the overall size of the antenna device can be reduced, achieving the purpose of miniaturization; because the circuit in the amplifier unit can suppress strong interference signals such as active pulses, the input pulses and other large signals are reflected back or dissipated in the form of heat, ensuring that the small signals entering the amplifier are pure, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the amplifying circuit from damage and resisting strong interference, and at the same time improving the positioning accuracy of the anti-interference antenna. The following is a detailed explanation of this through some embodiments.

[0028] For example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1FIG. 1 is a front view of an anti-interference active antenna device provided in this embodiment without a radome, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the anti-interference active antenna device includes one or more signal receiving array elements 10 , a metal base 20 , an antenna base plate 30 , a radome 40 , and an output port 50 .

[0029] like Figure 2-6 As shown, the signal receiving array element 10 includes a passive antenna 101, a double-layer circuit board 102 and an amplifier unit 103. Figure 7-9 As shown, amplifier unit 103 includes a limiter 1031, a prefilter 1032, an amplifier 1033, a secondary filter 1034, an attenuation circuit 1035, and a voltage regulator circuit 1036, which are connected in series. Here, passive antenna 101 is positioned above a double-layer circuit board 102, while amplifier unit 103 is positioned below. Passive antenna 101 is connected to the input of amplifier unit 103 via a feed pin; the output of each amplifier unit 103 is connected to output port 50 via an RF cable. The input of voltage regulator circuit 1036 is connected to the power input port. Radome 40 covers each passive antenna 101, and antenna base plate 30 is positioned below metal base 20. Metal base 20 has the same number of cavities as amplifier units 103, with one cavity accommodating each amplifier unit to shield against interference signals. Radome 40, metal base 20, and antenna base plate 30 are sealed and fixedly connected.

[0030] Here, the limiter 1031, the pre-filter 1032 and the attenuation circuit 1035 are passive circuits; the amplifier 1033, the secondary filter 1034 and the voltage stabilization circuit 1036 are active circuits.

[0031] In this embodiment, the number of signal receiving array elements 10 is four. The antennas of the four signal receiving array elements 10 are symmetrical in pairs and are located at the four corners of the anti-interference active antenna device, forming a four-element dielectric antenna with anti-interference capabilities. This design not only reduces the antenna mutual coupling caused by the antenna array element spacing, but also improves the overall gain of the antenna, facilitating the miniaturization of the entire device. It should be noted that the passive antenna 101 can adopt a dual feed point and a completely symmetrical structural design to achieve the coincidence of the phase center and the geometric center, thereby reducing the impact of the antenna on the measurement error. Compared with existing anti-interference antennas, it has a better axial ratio and higher phase accuracy. It should be noted that the amplifier unit 103 achieves the purpose of resisting strong interference with a smaller design size and circuit layout.

[0032] In this embodiment, the limiter 1031 is used to limit the amplitude of the signal received by the antenna. The prefilter 1032 is used for filtering. The limiter 1031 and the prefilter 1032 are used to suppress strong interference signals, reflect the input large signal back or dissipate it in the form of heat, and ensure that a small signal enters the amplifier 1033, thereby protecting the amplifying circuit from damage. It should be noted that the strong interference signal can be any type of interference signal. For example, the strong interference signal can be a signal emitted by a police signal jammer, a simulated false signal emitted from the ground, an ionospheric interference signal or a mirror interference signal, etc. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0033] In this embodiment, the amplifier 1033 is a low-noise amplifier. For example, the low-noise amplifier can be any amplifier. For example, the low-noise amplifier can be a low-noise field-effect transistor.

[0034] In practical applications, the voltage stabilizing circuit 1036 may be an LDO voltage stabilizing circuit, which is used to provide a stable voltage for the low noise amplifier 1033 .

[0035] Here, the pre-filter 1032 and the secondary filter 1034 can be filters made of any material. For example, the pre-filter 1032 and the secondary filter 1034 can be ceramic filters. Here, the frequency response bandwidth of the pre-filter 1032 and the secondary filter 1034 is 1520-1615 MHz.

[0036] Here, the output port 50 and the power input port are the same port and share a common ground, which can form effective DC protection.

[0037] Here, the double-layer circuit board 102 may be any circuit board. For example, the double-layer circuit board 102 may be a double-layer printed circuit board.

[0038] Here, the secondary filter 1034 may be any filter. For example, the secondary filter 1034 may be a broadband filter.

[0039] Here, the attenuation circuit 1035 may be any type of attenuation circuit. For example, the attenuation circuit 1035 may be a π-type attenuator.

[0040] Here, one or more metal spacers are provided in each receiving cavity of the metal base 20, and the one or more metal spacers are used to isolate the active part and the passive part in the amplifier unit 103. In this way, the mutual coupling interference of signals can be reduced, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of the antenna device. In other words, the metal spacers are used to separate the passive circuits such as the limiter 1031, the pre-filter 1032 and the attenuation circuit 1035 from the active circuits such as the amplifier 1033, the secondary filter 1034 and the voltage stabilization circuit 1036. This is equivalent to the metal spacers further dividing the receiving cavity into two sub-cavities, with the active circuit located in one sub-cavity and the passive circuit located in the other sub-cavity.

[0041] Here, the accommodating cavity of the metal base 20 adopts an intertwined design or an intertwined structure, that is, the electronic components in the limiter 1031, pre-filter 1032, amplifier 1033, secondary filter 1034, attenuation circuit 1035, and voltage stabilization circuit 1036 in the low-noise amplifier unit are placed in an independent cavity of the metal base 20, eliminating the need for an additional external shielding cover, thereby reducing the weight of the antenna device. This design can effectively utilize the available space of the metal base to achieve the purpose of miniaturization and lightweight. In practical applications, the metal base 20 can be an aluminum alloy base, and the antenna base plate 30 can be an aluminum alloy base plate. The aluminum alloy base and aluminum alloy base plate are light in weight, corrosion-resistant, and have good electrical conductivity, which can improve the structural stability of the antenna device.

[0042] It should be noted that the passive antenna 101 and the amplifier unit 103 are integrated into one body by welding the feed pins, which ensures the antenna performance while achieving the integration and miniaturization of the antenna and the active circuit.

[0043] Here, the output port 50 may be a SMA-K connector.

[0044] An embodiment of the present application provides an anti-interference active antenna device, comprising: one or more signal receiving array elements, a metal base, and an output port; the signal receiving array elements comprising: a passive antenna, a double-layer circuit board, and an amplifier unit; the passive antenna being disposed above the double-layer circuit board, and the amplifier unit being disposed below the double-layer circuit board; the passive antenna being connected to the input end of the amplifier unit; the output end of each amplifier unit being connected to the output port; the amplifier unit comprising: a limiter, a prefilter, an amplifier, and a secondary filter connected in series; the metal base having the same number of cavities as the amplifier units, each cavity being used to accommodate one amplifier unit to shield interference signals. Since the passive antenna and the amplifier unit are disposed above and below the double-layer circuit board, respectively, the electronic components in the amplifier unit can be accommodated in the cavities of the metal base, thereby reducing the overall size of the antenna device and achieving miniaturization; since the circuit in the amplifier unit can suppress strong interference signals such as active pulses, reflecting the input large signals such as pulses back or dissipating them as heat, ensuring that only pure small signals enter the amplifier, thereby protecting the amplifier circuit from damage and resisting strong interference, while also improving the positioning accuracy of the anti-interference antenna. This anti-interference active antenna device is compatible with receiving satellite navigation signals from the GPS L1 band (1575.42MHz), the BDS B1 band (1561.098MHz), and the GLONASS L1 band (1601.5MHz). It also features ultra-wideband, miniaturization, lightweight construction, and strong anti-interference capabilities. The device also has a simple overall structure and is easy to manufacture.

[0045] Example 2, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of an anti-interference active antenna device provided by this embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, a combining bridge 1037 is also included.

[0046] After the passive antenna 101 is combined with the combining bridge 1037, it is connected to the input port of the limiter 1031 through a microstrip line; the output port of the limiter 1031 transmits the signal after limiting processing to the pre-filter 1032, and the output port of the pre-filter 1032 transmits the signal after filtering processing to the input port of the amplifier 1033. The output port of the amplifier 1033 is connected to the RF port of the secondary filter 1034, and the output port of the secondary filter 1034 is connected to the input port of the attenuation circuit 1035. The output port of the attenuation circuit 1035 transmits the signal after attenuation processing to the output port 50. The power supply port of the amplifier 1033 is connected to the output port of the voltage stabilizing circuit 1036, and the input port of the voltage stabilizing circuit 1036 is connected to the output port 50 of the RF signal.

[0047] It should be noted that the passive antenna 101 connects the satellite signal to the double-layer circuit board 102 through the feed pin, and after being combined by the bridge circuit 1037, it is connected to the limiter 1031 through a microstrip line to suppress interference signals such as pulses, and reflect the input large signal or dissipate it in the form of heat to ensure that the signal entering the low-noise amplifier 1033 is a small signal. The pre-filter 1032 is used to filter out the image signal or other interference signals, so that the signal entering the amplifier 1033 is as pure as possible. After amplification, the signal enters the secondary filter 1034. Since the frequency response range of the secondary filter 1034 is 1520~1615MHz, it can be ensured that under the conditions of effective bandwidth and out-of-band suppression, the anti-interference active antenna device can receive three-mode signals, namely 1575.42MHz in the GPS L1 band, 1561.098MHz in the BDS B1 band, and GLONASS Satellite navigation signals such as 1601.5 MHz in the L1 frequency band are outputted through the output port 50 under the antenna base plate 30 connected by a radio frequency cable after passing through the amplifier unit 103 .

[0048] It should be noted that the combining bridge 1037 in each amplifier unit 103 is used to combine the two feed point signals on a single passive antenna 101, that is, the combining bridge 1037 combines the signals simultaneously received by the two feed points on the passive antenna 101 into one signal for output.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, amplifier 1033 may include a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first inductor L1, and an amplifier chip U1. One end of the first resistor R1 serves as the power supply for amplifier 1033 and is connected to the output port of the voltage regulator circuit 1036. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, one end of the fifth capacitor C5, one end of the third capacitor C3, one end of the second resistor R2, and one end of the first inductor L1. The other ends of the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, and the third capacitor C3 are all grounded. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the VBIAS terminal of amplifier chip U1. The other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the output terminal OUT of amplifier chip U1, which serves as the output port of amplifier 1033 and is connected to the input port of secondary filter 1034. One end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the input port of amplifier chip U1 and is connected to the output port of prefilter 1032. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the IN end of the amplifier chip U1 through the second capacitor C2.

[0050] In one embodiment, the circuit diagram of the secondary filter 1034 is as follows: Figure 9 The circuit diagram of the voltage stabilizing circuit 1036 is shown in FIG. Figure 10shown.

[0051] An embodiment of the present application provides an anti-interference active antenna device, comprising: one or more signal receiving array elements, a metal base, and an output port; the signal receiving array elements comprising: a passive antenna, a double-layer circuit board, and an amplifier unit; the passive antenna being disposed above the double-layer circuit board, and the amplifier unit being disposed below the double-layer circuit board; the passive antenna being connected to the input end of the amplifier unit; the output end of each amplifier unit being connected to the output port; the amplifier unit comprising: a limiter, a prefilter, an amplifier, and a secondary filter connected in series; the metal base having the same number of cavities as the amplifier units, each cavity being used to accommodate one amplifier unit to shield interference signals. Since the passive antenna and the amplifier unit are disposed above and below the double-layer circuit board, respectively, the electronic components in the amplifier unit can be accommodated in the cavities of the metal base, thereby reducing the overall size of the antenna device and achieving miniaturization; since the circuit in the amplifier unit can suppress strong interference signals such as active pulses, reflecting the input large signals such as pulses back or dissipating them as heat, ensuring that only pure small signals enter the amplifier, thereby protecting the amplifier circuit from damage and resisting strong interference, while also improving the positioning accuracy of the anti-interference antenna. This anti-interference active antenna device is compatible with receiving satellite navigation signals from the GPS L1 band (1575.42MHz), the BDS B1 band (1561.098MHz), and the GLONASS L1 band (1601.5MHz). It also features ultra-wideband, miniaturization, lightweight construction, and strong anti-interference capabilities. The device also has a simple overall structure and is easy to manufacture.

[0052] In actual applications, after simulating and modeling the antenna based on the simulation software HFSS, the simulation results obtained are: the maximum omnidirectional gain of the passive antenna is 4.36dBi, and the axial ratio is 3.16dB. The above simulation results show that the antenna device of the present invention has high omnidirectional gain and good omnidirectional performance.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the functions of the various methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by computer program. When all or part of the functions in the above embodiments are implemented by computer program, the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium can include: read-only memory, random access memory, disk, optical disk, hard disk, etc., and the program is executed by a computer to implement the above functions. For example, the program is stored in the memory of the device, and when the program in the memory is executed by the processor, all or part of the above functions can be implemented. In addition, when all or part of the functions in the above embodiments are implemented by computer program, the program can also be stored in a storage medium such as a server, another computer, disk, optical disk, flash disk or mobile hard disk, and saved in the memory of the local device by downloading or copying, or the system of the local device is updated. When the program in the memory is executed by the processor, all or part of the functions in the above embodiments can be implemented.

[0054] The above examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which are only used to help understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make some simple deductions, modifications or substitutions based on the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-interference active antenna device, characterized in that: include: One or more signal receiving array elements, a metal base and an output port; The signal receiving array element includes: a passive antenna, a double-layer circuit board and an amplifier unit; The passive antenna is arranged above the double-layer circuit board, and the amplifier unit is arranged below the double-layer circuit board; The passive antenna is connected to the input end of the amplifier unit; the output end of each amplifier unit is connected to the output port; The amplifier unit comprises: a limiter, a pre-filter, an amplifier and a secondary filter connected in series in sequence; The metal base has accommodating cavities with the same number as the amplifier units, and one accommodating cavity is used to accommodate one amplifier unit to shield interference signals.

2. The anti-interference active antenna device according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the signal receiving array elements is four, and the antennas of the four signal receiving array elements are symmetrical in pairs and are located at the four corners of the anti-interference active antenna device, forming a four-element dielectric antenna with anti-interference capability.

3. The anti-interference active antenna device according to claim 1, wherein: One or more metal spacers are arranged in each accommodating cavity of the metal base, and the one or more metal spacers are used to isolate the active part and the passive part in the amplifier unit.

4. The anti-interference active antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The frequency response bandwidth of the pre-filter and the secondary filter is 1520-1615 MHz.

5. The anti-interference active antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The amplifier unit further comprises: a combining bridge, an attenuation circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit; After the passive antenna is combined with the combining bridge, it is connected to the limiter through a microstrip line; the amplifier is a low-noise amplifier, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is used to provide a stable voltage for the low-noise amplifier; the secondary filter is connected to the input end of the attenuation circuit, and the output end of the attenuation circuit is the output end of the amplifier unit.

6. The anti-interference active antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the power input port, and the output port and the power input port are the same port and share a common ground.

7. The anti-interference active antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also included are a radome and antenna base plate; The antenna cover is arranged on each passive antenna, and the antenna bottom plate is located below the metal base; the antenna cover, the metal base and the antenna bottom plate are sealed and fixed.

8. The anti-interference active antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The accommodating cavity of the metal base adopts an intertwined design.

9. The anti-interference active antenna device according to claim 7, wherein: The metal base includes an aluminum alloy base, and the antenna base plate includes an aluminum alloy base plate.

10. The anti-interference active antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The passive antenna adopts a dual-feed point design; The passive antenna is connected to the input end of the amplifier unit; the output end of each amplifier unit is connected to the output port, including: The passive antenna is connected to the input end of the amplifier unit through a feed pin; the output end of each amplifier unit is connected to the output port through a radio frequency cable.

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