Bottom barrier type large-unit-width-flow funnel type water diversion gallery for canal head
By introducing a large single-width flow funnel structure into the bottom-barrier-type headwater diversion corridor, the problems of cumbersome operation and management of traditional diversion corridors and insufficient water diversion volume have been solved, safe and reliable large-flow water diversion and simplified management have been achieved, and the structural adaptability has been enhanced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422883845.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-26
AI Technical Summary
The traditional water diversion corridor with bottom-barrier canal head has the problems of complicated operation and management and small water diversion capacity per unit width of the barrier weir, which limits its promotion and application.
A large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor structure is adopted, including a water diversion corridor and a wide-mouth expansion corridor. By installing brackets and comb-tooth limit buckles on the inner wall of the wide-mouth expansion corridor, overlapping bars, increasing the water diversion area, and setting an impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer on the inner wall, large-flow water diversion can be achieved.
It improves water diversion efficiency, simplifies operation and management, enhances structural safety and reliability, expands water diversion capacity, improves water flow conditions, reduces siltation, and provides greater layout and adjustment space.
Smart Images
Figure CN223410123U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water diversion hub devices, in particular to a large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion gallery for a bottom fence type canal head. Background Art
[0002] Water diversion and sediment control are core issues and challenges in canal headwork construction on sediment-laden rivers. Through continuous innovation and development, the bottom-barrier canal headwork has become an effective form of water diversion and sediment control for small and medium-sized mountain streams. Traditional diversion corridors with bottom-barrier canals present the following engineering challenges:
[0003] To increase water diversion flow, bottom-barred headworks often employ a dual-row water diversion gallery layout. However, due to the significant difference in water diversion between the front and rear rows (the front row diverts approximately 65% of the water, while the rear row diverts approximately 35%), the two control gates at the two corridor outlets are operated inconsistently, making operation and management complex. Furthermore, these two streams with significantly different water volumes create a countercurrent after passing through the gates, creating harsh flow conditions and posing significant challenges to the structural selection and durability of the junction between the gate and the channel.
[0004] ② When a single-row diversion corridor is laid out for a bottom-bar headworks canal based on the layout requirements, increasing the length of the bars (i.e., the b value) is necessary to increase the water diversion capacity. However, once the bar length reaches a certain point, the bars' deflection under the action of water flow and their own weight will not meet the required deformation. Furthermore, coarse sediment particles will become lodged in the bars, forcing them to deform horizontally. Sediment larger than the design standard will enter the diversion corridor and subsequently enter farmland. This horizontal deformation directly impacts the achievement of the headworks' sediment control objectives (sediment particle size). Furthermore, bar deflection limits the width of the single-row corridor (in the direction of water flow), resulting in a low water diversion capacity per unit width of the weir (perpendicular to the flow direction). This results in very limited room for adjustment when selecting the overall layout of a bottom-bar headworks canal.
[0005] The above engineering problems have greatly limited the promotion and application of bottom-barrier type canal headworks. Utility Model Content
[0006] The utility model provides a large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for a bottom-barrier-type canal head, which overcomes the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies and can effectively solve the problems that the operation and management of traditional water diversion corridors of bottom-barrier-type canal head are relatively cumbersome, the water diversion volume per unit width of the bar weir is relatively small, and this limits the promotion and application of bottom-barrier-type canal head.
[0007] The technical solution of the present utility model is achieved through the following measures: a large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion gallery for a bottom-bar type canal head, comprising a water diversion gallery and a wide-mouth expansion gallery, the bottom port of the wide-mouth expansion gallery and the top port of the water diversion gallery are fixedly connected together, brackets are fixedly connected to the left bottom inner wall and the right bottom inner wall of the wide-mouth expansion gallery respectively, a comb-tooth type limiting buckle is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket, a grid bar is installed between the corresponding two comb teeth of the two comb-tooth type limiting buckles, the left end of the grid bar is overlapped at the left top end of the wide-mouth expansion gallery, and the right end of the grid bar is overlapped at the right top end of the wide-mouth expansion gallery.
[0008] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above-mentioned utility model technical solution:
[0009] The inner side surface of the wide-mouth expansion corridor is a slope that is higher on the outside and lower on the inside.
[0010] The above-mentioned bars are trapezoidal steel bars.
[0011] The above-mentioned water diversion corridor is a rectangular corridor with an open upper end.
[0012] The above-mentioned anti-impact and wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the water diversion corridor, and the anti-impact and wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the wide-mouth expansion corridor.
[0013] The impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer is made of silica fume concrete, cast iron plate or granite stone.
[0014] The comb-tooth type limit buckle is a U-shaped buckle, and comb teeth are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the comb-tooth type limit buckle. The number of bars is equal to the number of comb teeth on the comb-tooth type limit buckle.
[0015] The width of the above-mentioned water diversion corridor is 1.5 meters to 2 meters; the width of the wide-mouth expansion corridor is 4.5 meters to 6 meters.
[0016] A sand retaining chopper is installed on the left side of the water diversion corridor; or / and, the top of the sand retaining chopper is flush with the top of the wide-mouth expansion corridor.
[0017] At least two gate piers are fixedly connected at intervals on the front side of the water diversion corridor, and a gate is installed between the two adjacent gate piers; a gate house is fixedly connected to the rear side of the water diversion corridor, and a diversion port connected to the water diversion corridor is provided at the lower part of the gate house, and a gate is installed on the diversion port.
[0018] The utility model has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. By fixing a wide-mouth expansion corridor on the top of the water diversion corridor, fixing comb-tooth-shaped limit buckles on the inner walls on both sides of the wide-mouth expansion corridor through brackets, and installing grid bars between the corresponding two comb teeth of the two comb-tooth-shaped limit buckles, the purpose of large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion is achieved. It is safe and reliable, has a large water diversion volume, and is simple to manage, facilitates operation, and greatly improves water diversion efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Attachment Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the present utility model.
[0020] Attachment Figure 2 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the right view structure.
[0021] Attachment Figure 3 For attachment Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.
[0022] Attachment Figure 4 For attachment Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.
[0023] The codes in the attached drawings are: 1 for the water diversion corridor, 2 for the wide-mouth expansion corridor, 3 for the bracket, 4 for the comb-tooth limit buckle, 5 for the grid bar, 6 for the impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer, 7 for the sand retaining chopper, 8 for the water flow surface line, 9 for the gate pier, 10 for the gate, 11 for the gate house, 12 for the diversion outlet, and 13 for the diversion dike. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.
[0025] In this utility model, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described based on the Figure 1 The positional relationships of front, back, top, bottom, left, and right are described in the layout of the manual. Figure 1 The layout direction is determined by the
[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings:
[0027] As attached Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the bottom-barred gate-type canal head with a large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor includes a water diversion corridor 1 and a wide-mouth expansion corridor 2. The bottom port of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2 and the top port of the water diversion corridor 1 are fixedly connected together. Brackets 3 are fixedly connected to the left bottom inner wall and the right bottom inner wall of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2 respectively. Comb-tooth-type limiting clips 4 are fixedly installed on the top of the brackets 3. Bars 5 are installed between the corresponding two comb teeth of the two comb-tooth-type limiting clips 4. The left end of the bar 5 overlaps the left top end of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2, and the right end of the bar 5 overlaps the right top end of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2. Each comb-tooth-type limiting clip 4 can be supported by a long bracket 3 or by several brackets 3 together; the brackets 3 limit the vertical deformation caused by the increase in the length of the bar 5. The bracket 3 can be made of reinforced concrete or rigid components, and its foundation is at the top of the side wall of the water diversion corridor 1. Embedded parts are set on the top of the bracket 3 to facilitate the installation of the comb-tooth type limit buckle 4; the comb-tooth type limit buckle 4 is like a comb tooth and is a steel component. It is installed on the side walls of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2 and the bracket 3 on both sides. The buckle spacing is the design value of the spacing between the bars 5 to prevent sediment particles from entering the water diversion main channel, which can limit the deformation of the long bars 5 in the horizontal direction. In this way, by fixing the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2 on the top of the water diversion corridor 1, fixing the comb-tooth type limit buckle 4 on the inner walls on both sides of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2 through the bracket 3, and installing the bar 5 between the corresponding two teeth of the two comb-tooth type limit buckles 4, the purpose of large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion is achieved. It is safe and reliable, has a large water diversion volume and is simple to manage, is convenient to operate, and greatly improves the water diversion efficiency.
[0028] Based on actual needs, the above-mentioned bottom-barrier-type canal head with large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor can be further optimized and / or improved:
[0029] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the inner side of the wide-mouth extension corridor 2 is a sloped surface with a higher outer surface and a lower inner surface. This increases the water diversion area by three times compared to traditional single-row rectangular corridors, significantly increasing the water diversion capacity per unit width of the weir and providing ample room for adjustment in achieving an optimal headworks layout.
[0030] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the bars 5 are trapezoidal steel bars. The bars 5 can be trapezoidal steel bars that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. This can greatly reduce the blockage of the gaps in the bars 5 by sediment particles of the bed load, effectively ensuring the water intake flow.
[0031] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the water diversion gallery 1 is a rectangular gallery with an upper end opening. Like this, it is convenient for water diversion and operation.
[0032] As attached Figure 1 、 2As shown, an impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer 6 is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the diversion gallery 1, and an impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer 6 is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the wide-mouth expansion gallery 2. Fine-grained sediment that falls into the corridors will abrade the inner walls of the diversion gallery 1 and the wide-mouth expansion gallery 2 under the action of the water flow. The diversion gallery 1 and the wide-mouth expansion gallery 2 are generally made of concrete, which will be damaged by the abrasion. The diversion gallery 1 and the wide-mouth expansion gallery 2 can also be cast with reinforced concrete.
[0033] According to the needs, the impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer 6 is made of silica fume concrete, cast iron plate or granite stone. The impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer 6 can better play the effect of impact resistance and wear resistance.
[0034] As attached Figure 2 、 4 As shown, the comb-tooth type limit buckle 4 is a U-shaped buckle, and comb teeth are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the comb-tooth type limit buckle 4, and the number of bars 5 is equal to the number of comb teeth on the comb-tooth type limit buckle 4. The comb-tooth type limit buckle 4 is an existing well-known and commonly used one, and can be in the shape of a comb of an existing comb head. The comb-tooth type limit buckle 4 limits the horizontal deformation of the bars 5 caused by stuck stones (coarse-grained mud and sand). According to the water diversion requirements, appropriate gaps in the bars 5 are set to block the mud and sand that does not meet the requirements from entering the corridor, avoiding siltation in the downstream water diversion channel. The rectangular water diversion corridor 1 partially receives the water flow that falls vertically from its upper part through the bars 5 and the water flow introduced by the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2, and transports it to the water diversion gate.
[0035] As required, the width of the water diversion corridor 1 is 1.5 to 2 meters; the width of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2 is 4.5 to 6 meters. The design can be based on actual needs.
[0036] As attached Figure 1 、 3 As shown, a sand retaining chopper 7 is installed on the left side of the water diversion corridor 1; or / and, the top of the sand retaining chopper 7 is flush with the top of the wide-mouth expansion corridor 2. Incoming water overflows the sand retaining chopper 7 and then flows directly downward into the water diversion corridor 1 through the gaps between the bars 5. The water surface line 8 will form an arc curve with the water flow higher in the front and lower in the back.
[0037] As attached Figure 2 、 3 As shown, at least two gate piers 9 are fixedly connected to the front side of the diversion gallery 1 at intervals, with a gate 10 installed between adjacent gate piers 9. A gatehouse 11 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the diversion gallery 1. A diversion port 12 connected to the diversion gallery 1 is provided at the bottom of the gatehouse 11, and the gate 10 is installed on the diversion port 12. In actual site, a diversion dike 13 can be built outside the gate piers 9 and gatehouse 11.
[0038] Comparison between the utility model bottom fence type canal head with large single width flow funnel type water diversion gallery structure and the traditional structure
[0039] (1) The water diversion flow rate of the traditional bottom-barrier canal head is relatively small
[0040] The small water diversion capacity of traditional bottom-barrier canal head is a bottleneck restricting its promotion and application. To address this limitation, designers often choose to increase the b value (width in the direction of water flow) or arrange double rows of water diversion corridors to increase the water diversion flow.
[0041] 1) Adverse effects caused by increasing the b value (width in the direction of water flow)
[0042] If the bars are too long, their deflection under the action of water flow and deadweight will be large, causing significant vertical deformation of the bars. At the same time, due to stone (coarse sediment) stuck in the bars, they are also prone to large horizontal deformation. This will cause coarse sediment greater than the designed amount to enter the water diversion corridor, causing significant damage to the effectiveness of the "water diversion and sand control" system of the entire headwater.
[0043] 2) Adverse effects caused by increasing water intake flow using double-row diversion corridors
[0044] When a double-row diversion gallery is arranged in a bottom-barred headworks, the water diversion volume between the front and rear rows differs significantly: the first row diverts approximately 65% of the water flow, while the second row diverts approximately 35%. ① Due to this significant difference in water volume within the gallery, the water must be brought together after passing through the gates, resulting in severe diversion and poor flow conditions. This necessitates a more reliable and costly structure for the connecting section (the structure between the gate chamber and the main diversion channel). ② Due to the inconsistent discharge volume, the gate control and scheduling frequency at the end of the diversion gallery is also inconsistent, adversely affecting operational management.
[0045] The utility model provides a new structure of a large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier canal headworks. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor has a water diversion area increased by 3 times compared to the traditional single-row rectangular corridor, and the water diversion flow per unit width of the overflow weir is increased by 6 to 7 times. Therefore, the utility model has the following advantages over the existing technology:
[0046] 1) Under the same water diversion flow rate, the original double-row rectangular water diversion corridor can be adjusted to a single-row large-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor, thereby avoiding the diversion flow generated after the double-row rectangular water diversion corridor gate, improving the unfavorable water flow conditions in the connecting section, and simplifying the operation and management of the gate 10.
[0047] 2) When a bottom-barrier headwork is arranged using a single-row, large-width, funnel-style diversion corridor, the increase in diversion capacity per unit width of the weir (in terms of vertical flow) significantly increases, resulting in a wider range of design diversion capacity values. Therefore, the weir width can be flexibly adjusted and selected to achieve the optimal overall layout of the headwork for "water diversion and sediment control."
[0048] 3) As the water diversion flow rate per unit width of the overflow weir increases, the length of the grid bar 5 can be selected to be a small value, so that the influence of the deflection and deformation of the grid bar 5 can be fully guaranteed.
[0049] 4) Since the bar 5 is stuck between two adjacent comb teeth of the comb-tooth-shaped limit buckle 4 and the bar 5 is short, the degree of horizontal deformation is greatly reduced.
[0050] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims
1. A large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for a bottom-barrier canal head, characterized in that It includes a water diversion corridor and a wide-mouth expansion corridor. The bottom port of the wide-mouth expansion corridor and the top port of the water diversion corridor are fixedly connected together. Brackets are fixedly connected to the left bottom inner wall and the right bottom inner wall of the wide-mouth expansion corridor respectively. A comb-tooth-type limiting buckle is fixedly installed on the top of the bracket. A grid bar is installed between the corresponding two comb teeth of the two comb-tooth-type limiting buckles. The left end of the grid bar is overlapped with the left top of the wide-mouth expansion corridor, and the right end of the grid bar is overlapped with the right top of the wide-mouth expansion corridor.
2. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier-type canal head according to claim 1 is characterized in that The inner side of the wide-mouth expansion corridor is a slope that is higher on the outside and lower on the inside.
3. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier type canal head according to claim 2 is characterized in that The bars are trapezoidal steel bars.
4. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier type canal head according to claim 3 is characterized in that The water diversion corridor is a rectangular corridor with an open top.
5. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier-type canal head according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that An anti-impact and wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water diversion gallery, and an anti-impact and wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wide-mouth expansion gallery.
6. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier-type canal head according to claim 5 is characterized in that The impact-resistant and wear-resistant layer is silica fume concrete, cast iron plate or granite stone.
7. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier-type canal head according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that The comb-tooth type limit buckle is a U-shaped buckle, and comb teeth are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the comb-tooth type limit buckle. The number of bars is equal to the number of comb teeth on the comb-tooth type limit buckle.
8. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier-type canal head according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that The width of the water diversion corridor is 1.5 meters to 2 meters; the width of the wide-mouth expansion corridor is 4.5 meters to 6 meters.
9. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier-type canal head according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that A sand retaining chopper is installed on the left side of the water diversion corridor; or / and, the top of the sand retaining chopper is flush with the top of the wide-mouth expansion corridor.
10. The large single-width flow funnel-type water diversion corridor for bottom-barrier-type canal head according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that At least two gate piers are fixedly connected to the front side of the water diversion corridor at intervals, and a gate is installed between the two adjacent gate piers; a gate house is fixedly connected to the rear side of the water diversion corridor, and a diversion port connected to the water diversion corridor is provided at the lower part of the gate house, and a gate is installed on the diversion port.