Simulation circulation device for in-vitro research of aortic diseases

Abstract

The utility model relates to a simulation circulation device for in-vitro research of aortic diseases, which comprises a disease simulation box, a ventricular cavity, a venous cavity and an arterial cavity which are sequentially connected through a circulation pipeline to form a closed loop for simulating blood circulation flow. A first one-way valve which is in one-way conduction from the simulation box to the ventricular cavity is arranged on the circulating pipeline between the disease simulation box and the ventricular cavity; and a second one-way valve which is in one-way conduction from the ventricular cavity to the venous cavity is arranged on the circulating pipeline between the ventricular cavity and the venous cavity. The simulation circulation device for in-vitro research on the aortic diseases is low in research cost, small in risk, high in use flexibility and capable of realizing in-vitro research on the influence of the aortic diseases on cardiovascular physical parameters of a human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, in particular to a simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro. Background Art

[0002] Aortic disease is an extremely dangerous condition with an abrupt onset, rapid progression, and a very high mortality rate. Aortic disease is primarily categorized into two types: stenotic and dilatative. For example, coarctation of the aorta can be caused by either congenital or acquired factors. Dilatative aortic disease primarily includes aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections.

[0003] When the aorta expands pathologically, exceeding 50% of its normal diameter, it is called an aortic aneurysm. Generally speaking, aortic aneurysms can be divided into true aortic aneurysms and false aortic aneurysms. True aneurysms involve widening of the three layers of the vessel wall, while false aneurysms form when a part of the artery ruptures and becomes blocked by a blood clot or adjacent tissue.

[0004] Aortic dissection is an extremely fatal cardiovascular emergency characterized by a tear in the aortic intima, through which blood flows from the aortic lumen (true lumen) into the middle layer of the aortic wall (false lumen), resulting in varying degrees of dissection along the longitudinal axis of the aorta. The initial mortality rate is approximately 40%, increasing by 1% to 2% per hour within the first 24 hours, reaching an annual mortality rate of as high as 90%. Dilated aortic disease develops rapidly in the human body, making its progression difficult to observe visually.

[0005] The human body's natural blood circulation system is limited by factors such as complex geometry, small terminal blood vessel size, and restricted experimental ethics. Human research is costly and risky, and experimental conditions are severely restricted in safety. Human / animal experiments require ethical approval, and experimental conditions are difficult to precisely control, which cannot effectively avoid problems caused by interdisciplinary differences. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro with low research cost, low risk and high flexibility of use.

[0007] The utility model adopts the following scheme to achieve: a simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro, comprising a disease simulation box, a ventricular cavity, a venous cavity and an arterial cavity, wherein the disease simulation box, the ventricular cavity, the venous cavity and the arterial cavity are sequentially connected through a circulation pipeline to form a closed loop for simulating blood circulation flow; a first one-way valve is provided on the circulation pipeline between the disease simulation box and the ventricular cavity, which conducts one-way from the simulation box to the ventricular cavity; a second one-way valve is provided on the circulation pipeline between the ventricular cavity and the venous cavity, which conducts one-way from the ventricular cavity to the venous cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, a silicone diaphragm is provided in the ventricular cavity, which divides the internal space of the ventricular cavity into a control chamber located above the diaphragm and a ventricle located below the diaphragm, and the ventricle is connected to the circulation pipeline; an air inlet and outlet are provided on the side of the control chamber, and the air inlet and outlet are connected to the air inlet and outlet control device.

[0009] Furthermore, the control chamber is filled with water located above the silicone diaphragm, and an air cavity communicating with the air inlet and outlet is formed above the water surface inside the control chamber, and a liquid level gauge is provided at the top of the ventricular cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the air inlet and outlet control device includes a two-position three-way solenoid valve, an air compressor and a vacuum pump. The air inlet and outlet are connected to either the air compressor or the vacuum pump through the two-position three-way solenoid valve, and an electric proportional valve is provided on the pipeline between the air compressor and the two-position three-way solenoid valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the disease simulation box includes a box body, an aortic disease model is placed in the box body, a high-speed camera is provided above the aortic disease model, and a screw slide module for controlling the movement of the high-speed camera is provided above the box body.

[0012] Furthermore, a first pressure gauge is provided on the circulation pipeline between the first one-way valve and the disease simulation box, a second pressure gauge is provided on the circulation pipeline between the first one-way valve and the ventricular cavity; a flow meter and a throttle valve are provided on the circulation pipeline between the venous cavity and the arterial cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, an exhaust hole is provided at the top of the arterial cavity, and a valve is provided at the exhaust hole; and the top of the venous cavity is open.

[0014] Furthermore, the simulated blood adopts a glycerol aqueous solution.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the simulated circulation device for in vitro aortic disease research of the present invention has low research cost, low risk, high flexibility of use, and can realize in vitro research on the impact of aortic disease on human cardiovascular physical parameters.

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and related drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of a simulated blood flow circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3This is a schematic structural diagram of a disease simulation box according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ventricular cavity of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ventricular cavity contraction state of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the diastolic state of the ventricular cavity in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a typical aortic pressure curve measured by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a typical left ventricular pressure curve measured by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a typical pressure-volume curve measured in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a simulated circulation device for in vitro aortic disease research comprises a disease simulation chamber 1, a ventricular chamber 5, a venous chamber 7, and an arterial chamber 10. The arterial chamber 10 has a vent hole at its top with a valve installed at the vent hole; the venous chamber 7 is open at its top. The disease simulation chamber 1, ventricular chamber 5, venous chamber 7, and arterial chamber 10 are sequentially connected via a circulation pipeline to form a closed loop for simulating blood circulation. A first one-way valve 3 is installed on the circulation pipeline between the disease simulation chamber 1 and the ventricular chamber 5, allowing one-way flow from the simulation chamber 1 to the ventricular chamber 5. A second one-way valve 6 is installed on the circulation pipeline between the ventricular chamber 5 and the venous chamber 7, allowing one-way flow from the ventricular chamber 5 to the venous chamber 7. The arterial chamber 10 is a sealed container where gas and liquid coexist. The bottom contains simulated blood liquid and the top contains gas. Arterial compliance is controlled by changing the gas pressure. The closed loop simulates the pulsatile flow of blood. Sensors are used to collect corresponding information, providing reference test data for clinical applications and obtaining the physical properties of blood pulsatile flow, enabling in vitro research on the impact of aortic disease on human cardiovascular physical parameters.

[0029] In this embodiment, a silicone diaphragm 504 is provided in the ventricular cavity 5, and the silicone diaphragm 504 divides the internal space of the ventricular cavity 5 into a control chamber 503 located above the diaphragm and a ventricle 505 located below the diaphragm, and the ventricle 505 is connected to the circulation pipeline; the side of the control chamber 503 is provided with an air inlet and outlet 502, and the air inlet and outlet 502 is connected to the air inlet and outlet control device.

[0030] In this embodiment, the control chamber 503 is filled with water located above the silicone diaphragm 504. An air cavity is formed above the water surface inside the control chamber 503, communicating with the air inlet and outlet 502. A liquid level gauge 501 is provided at the top of the ventricular cavity 5. The liquid level gauge is used to detect changes in ventricular volume. There is a certain volume of water in the control chamber, and the ventricle contains simulated blood in a closed loop. Changes in ventricular volume are detected by the liquid level gauge 501 installed above the control chamber. The float of the liquid level gauge 501 is located in the control chamber and changes with the change in the liquid level in the control chamber, thereby obtaining real-time changes in ventricular volume. Figure 5 The diagram shows the working principle of the ventricular cavity. When the solenoid valve is opened, compressed gas is introduced into the control cavity to simulate ventricular contraction. When the solenoid valve is closed, the vacuum pump quickly extracts the gas in the control cavity to simulate ventricular relaxation.

[0031] In this embodiment, the air inlet and outlet control device includes a two-position, three-way solenoid valve 14, an air compressor 16, and a vacuum pump 17. The air inlet and outlet 502 are connected to either the air compressor 16 or the vacuum pump 17 via the two-position, three-way solenoid valve 14. An electric proportional valve 15 is installed in the pipeline between the air compressor 16 and the two-position, three-way solenoid valve 14. The two-position, three-way solenoid valve 14 is connected to the air inlet and outlet, the air compressor, and the vacuum pump via an air path. The opening of the electric proportional valve controls the pressure of the compressed air. When the two-position, three-way solenoid valve 14 is opened, compressed gas enters the control chamber, simulating ventricular contraction. When the two-position, three-way solenoid valve 14 is closed, the vacuum pump rapidly extracts gas from the control chamber, simulating ventricular relaxation.

[0032] In this embodiment, the disease simulation box 1 includes a box body 101, in which an aortic disease model 102 is placed, a high-speed camera 105 is provided above the aortic disease model 102, and a screw slide module for controlling the movement of the high-speed camera 105 is provided above the box body. The utility model can simulate the occurrence of various aortic diseases by replacing the aortic disease model 102, and provide reference test data for clinical applications. The aortic disease model 102 is a model made of silicone based on patient-specific scanning; a typical aortic dissection disease model can be selected first to simulate the physical characteristics when aortic dissection occurs. The screw slide module includes two parallel screws 103 and a slide 104. The screw can be controlled to rotate by a motor or manually controlled by a handwheel. Threaded holes that cooperate with the screw threads are provided at both ends of the slide 104. The screw slide module can adjust the position of the high-speed camera to facilitate focusing on the location where the model disease occurs; the high-speed camera is used to record the characteristic evolution process of the aortic disease model.

[0033] In this embodiment, a first pressure gauge 2 is provided on the circulation pipeline between the first one-way valve 3 and the disease simulation box 1, and a second pressure gauge 4 is provided on the circulation pipeline between the first one-way valve 3 and the ventricular cavity 5; a flow meter 9 and a throttle valve 8 are provided on the circulation pipeline between the venous cavity 7 and the arterial cavity 10.

[0034] In this embodiment, the simulated blood is prepared by mixing water and glycerol in a ratio of 3:2. The glycerol solution is used as the simulated blood, which has a density of 1.06 kg / m 3 The viscosity is similar to 3~4 Cst, and the solution preparation is simple.

[0035] This embodiment also includes an electrically connected data acquisition card 11 and a host computer 12. The data acquisition card 11 is also electrically connected to a pressure gauge, a flow meter, a liquid level gauge, a two-position, three-way solenoid valve, and an electric proportional valve. Data from the pressure gauge, liquid level gauge, and flow meter are transmitted to the host computer via the data acquisition card. The host computer then transmits signals via the data acquisition card to the two-position, three-way solenoid valve to control the direction of the air circuit and to the electric proportional valve to control its opening and closing to adjust the compressed air pressure.

[0036] The device consists of four parts: a simulated blood flow circuit, an aortic disease simulation section, a ventricular simulation section, and a data acquisition and signal control section. The simulated blood flow circuit simulates the physical characteristics of actual blood pulsation, while the aortic disease simulation section simulates the physical characteristics of aortic disease. The ventricular simulation section drives the simulated blood flow through the simulated circuit. The data acquisition and signal control section provides real-time control of the entire device and collects and stores data.

[0037] The simulated blood flow circuit part includes the ventricular cavity, venous cavity, arterial cavity, and disease simulation box to simulate the physiological characteristics of blood circulation. The one-way valve simulates the aortic valve and mitral valve respectively, the throttle valve adjusts the size of systemic circulation resistance, and the pressure meter and flow meter collect pressure and flow signals.

[0038] The aortic disease simulation part, namely the disease simulation box 1, is an aortic disease model made of silicone based on patient-specific scanning; the box body serves to fix the aortic disease model and the high-speed camera; the screw slide module can adjust the position of the high-speed camera to facilitate focusing on the location where the disease occurs in the model; the high-speed camera is used to record the occurrence process of the aortic disease.

[0039] The ventricular simulation part includes a ventricular chamber, a two-position three-way solenoid valve, an electric proportional valve, an air compressor, and a vacuum pump. The ventricular simulation part uses gas as a driving force to apply positive and negative pressure to the silicone diaphragm to simulate ventricular contraction and relaxation.

[0040] The data acquisition and signal control part includes a data acquisition card, a host computer, a pressure gauge, a flow meter, a liquid level gauge, a two-position three-way solenoid valve and an electric proportional valve; the data acquisition card collects voltage signals from four sensors, namely ventricular pressure, aortic pressure, system flow and ventricular volume; the electric proportional valve and the two-position three-way solenoid valve are controlled by the output signal of the data acquisition card to control the opening of the electric proportional valve and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve; the electronic control part involved in the data acquisition and signal control part of the utility model belongs to the existing technology, and its structure and principle are not elaborated in detail here.

[0041] The establishment of an in vitro simulated circulation device allows for convenient and intuitive in vitro study of the human vascular system, which is difficult to observe in vivo. In vitro simulation offers greater flexibility. The natural human blood circulation system is limited by complex geometry, small terminal blood vessels, and ethical constraints on experiments, but in vitro simulated circulation devices are not subject to such limitations. Sensors can be installed in any location within the in vitro simulated device that is suitable for detecting response details and structurally permitted, depending on different research needs. In vitro simulated circulation devices also make it easier to precisely control experimental parameters. By controlling the relevant parameters of the in vitro simulated circulation device, the effects of different types of aortic dissection on human physiological parameters can be studied in vitro.

[0042] Taking the simulation of aortic dissection as an example, the main operation process of the device is as follows:

[0043] Step 1: Open the vent above the arterial cavity;

[0044] Step 2: Add about 5 liters of simulated blood from the top opening of the venous cavity, wait for the simulated blood to fill the entire circuit along the pipeline, and completely expel the gas in the circuit;

[0045] Step 3: Fill the arterial cavity with an appropriate amount of compressed gas from the vent hole to make the arterial cavity have appropriate compliance, and close the vent hole;

[0046] Step 4: Start the operation program, start the vacuum pump, air compressor and high-speed camera;

[0047] Step 5: Connect the air circuit to the inlet and outlet of the ventricular cavity, and ensure that the device operates stably as a whole;

[0048] Step 6: When the aortic dissection disease model ruptures, first turn off the vacuum pump, air compressor, and high-speed camera, and finally stop running the program and save the collected data; Figure 7 、 8 9 are the typical aortic pressure curve, the typical left ventricular pressure curve, and the typical pressure-volume curve respectively.

[0049] Unless otherwise stated, any numerical range disclosed for any technical solution disclosed in the present invention is a preferred numerical range. Those skilled in the art should understand that a preferred numerical range is merely a numerical range that provides a more significant or representative technical effect among a wide range of practicable values. Due to the large number of numerical values, it is impossible to enumerate them exhaustively. Therefore, only some numerical values ​​are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. Furthermore, the numerical values ​​listed above should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] If the present invention discloses or involves components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, connection using bolts or screws), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by integral molding using a casting process) (except where it is obviously not possible to use an integrated molding process).

[0051] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used in any technical solution disclosed in the above-mentioned utility model to express positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are approximate, similar or close thereto.

[0052] Any component provided by the present invention can be assembled from multiple separate components, or can be a separate component manufactured by an integral forming process.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation thereto. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above disclosure to modify or remodel the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention shall remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulated circulation device for in vitro study of aortic disease, characterized by: It includes a disease simulation box, a ventricular cavity, a venous cavity and an arterial cavity, which are connected in sequence through a circulation pipeline to form a closed loop for simulating blood circulation flow; a first one-way valve is provided on the circulation pipeline between the disease simulation box and the ventricular cavity, which conducts one-way from the simulation box to the ventricular cavity; a second one-way valve is provided on the circulation pipeline between the ventricular cavity and the venous cavity, which conducts one-way from the ventricular cavity to the venous cavity.

2. The simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro according to claim 1, characterized in that: A silicone diaphragm is provided in the ventricular cavity, which divides the internal space of the ventricular cavity into a control chamber located above the diaphragm and a ventricle located below the diaphragm. The ventricle is connected to the circulation pipeline; an air inlet and outlet are provided on the side of the control chamber, and the air inlet and outlet are connected to the air inlet and outlet control device.

3. The simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control chamber is filled with water located above the silica gel diaphragm. An air cavity communicating with the air inlet and outlet is formed above the water surface inside the control chamber, and a liquid level gauge is provided on the top of the ventricular cavity.

4. The simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet and outlet control device includes a two-position three-way solenoid valve, an air compressor and a vacuum pump. The air inlet and outlet are connected to either the air compressor or the vacuum pump through the two-position three-way solenoid valve. An electric proportional valve is provided on the pipeline between the air compressor and the two-position three-way solenoid valve.

5. The simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disease simulation box includes a box body, an aortic disease model is placed in the box body, a high-speed camera is arranged above the aortic disease model, and a screw slide module for controlling the movement of the high-speed camera is arranged above the box body.

6. The simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first pressure gauge is provided on the circulation pipeline between the first one-way valve and the disease simulation box, a second pressure gauge is provided on the circulation pipeline between the first one-way valve and the ventricular cavity; a flow meter and a throttle valve are provided on the circulation pipeline between the venous cavity and the arterial cavity.

7. The simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the arterial cavity is provided with an exhaust hole, and a valve is provided at the exhaust hole; the top of the venous cavity is open.

8. The simulated circulation device for studying aortic diseases in vitro according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated blood adopts a glycerol aqueous solution.

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