Tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multi-stratum and multi-dip-angle fault

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel model test device for simulating a water-containing multi-stratum and multi-dip-angle fault, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering model tests and comprises a model box rear baffle and a model box front baffle which are arranged in a model box, and a model box left baffle is fixedly connected to one side of the model box front baffle and one side of the model box rear baffle. The other side of the model box front baffle and the other side of the model box rear baffle are fixedly connected with a model box right baffle. According to the tunnel model test device for simulating the water-containing multi-stratum and multi-dip-angle fault, a first movable baffle and a second movable baffle are arranged in the model box, the interior of the model box can be divided into a cavity A, a cavity B and a cavity C, and three different kinds of similar stratum materials can be filled at the same time; the first movable baffle and the second movable baffle can be detached according to test requirements, one to three similar stratum materials can be flexibly filled, and the requirements of various simulation test sites can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering model tests, in particular to a tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multi-strata and multi-angle faults. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction inevitably involves complex geological conditions, one of which is faults. Faults are structures in the Earth's crust, representing fracture zones within the crustal rocks caused by tectonic stress. Changes in the distribution of ground stress at faults can lead to stratum displacement and rock mass failure, which in turn can cause cracking, deformation, and displacement of the tunnel face. Furthermore, when tunnels pass through aquifers, faults can become channels for water leakage, increasing construction risks and difficulties. During tunnel operation, fault slippage can cause fatigue and damage to the tunnel structure, leading to tunnel damage, obstruction of drainage systems, and structural deformation. In severe cases, this can lead to damage, collapse, or even collapse of the tunnel structure, posing a threat to equipment, personnel, and vehicle safety within the tunnel. Because most fault zones are large and their complex morphology is difficult to accurately measure, they are difficult to study through field experiments. Therefore, model experiments are particularly important for studying tunnel excavation through faults.

[0003] The current tunnel model box can often only simulate one fault section, and the fault angle cannot be changed. It also does not consider the impact of stratum water seepage on tunnel excavation. The simulated situation is relatively simple, which is inconsistent with the actual complex engineering conditions and cannot achieve good simulation results. Therefore, a tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multiple strata and multi-angle faults is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the utility model provides a tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multiple strata and multi-angle faults. It has the advantages of coupling simulation of multiple strata, multiple fault zones and seepage conditions, making the tunnel model test closer to the actual project. It solves the problem that the tunnel model box can often only simulate one fault section, and the fault angle cannot be changed, and the impact of stratum seepage on tunnel excavation is not considered. The simulated situation is relatively simple, inconsistent with the actual complex engineering situation, and cannot achieve a good simulation effect.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multi-strata and multi-angle faults, comprising a model box rear baffle and a model box front baffle inside the model box, one side of the model box front baffle and the model box rear baffle is fixedly connected to the model box left baffle, the other side of the model box front baffle and the model box rear baffle is fixedly connected to the model box right baffle, the lower side of the model box front baffle and the model box rear baffle is fixedly connected to the arc sliding track model box bottom plate, the interior of the model box front baffle and the model box rear baffle are each provided with a plurality of connecting holes, the middle part of the inner side of the model box front baffle and the model box rear baffle is provided with an excavation reserved hole, the interior of the model box left baffle and the model box right baffle is provided with an adjustment structure, the interior of the model box front baffle and the model box rear baffle is provided with a partition device, and the outer side of the model box left baffle and the model box right baffle is provided with a water injection device;

[0006] The adjustment structure includes two surfaces fixedly connected to the left baffle and the right baffle of the model box, a plurality of connecting screw holes respectively opened inside the left baffle and the right baffle of the model box, a plurality of water diversion holes respectively opened inside the left baffle and the right baffle of the model box near the connecting screw holes, a plurality of drainage holes respectively opened inside the lower side of the left baffle and the right baffle of the model box, and a plurality of lower connecting holes respectively opened on the side of the left baffle and the right baffle of the model box near the drainage holes;

[0007] The partition device includes a first movable baffle slidably connected to one side of the left baffle of the model box, a second movable baffle slidably connected to the other side of the left baffle of the model box, an internal upper connecting rod plugged into the upper sides of the first movable baffle and the second movable baffle, and an internal lower connecting rod plugged into the lower sides of the first movable baffle and the second movable baffle;

[0008] The water injection device includes a first water injection box body fixedly connected to one side of the left baffle of the model box, a second water injection box body fixedly connected to one side of the right baffle of the model box, a plurality of box connection holes respectively opened inside the first water injection box body and the second water injection box body, and a water diversion pipe on one side connecting the first water injection box body and the second water injection box body.

[0009] Furthermore, the connection holes are used to connect the front baffle of the model box, the rear baffle of the model box, the left baffle of the model box and the right baffle of the model box, and the excavation reserved holes are used for tunnel simulation excavation.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper connecting rod can be moved, and the connecting screw holes are symmetrically arranged on the left baffle of the model box and the right baffle of the model box.

[0011] Furthermore, the water diversion holes are arranged symmetrically, and the water diversion pipes are arranged in the water diversion holes.

[0012] Furthermore, a first filter is fixedly connected to the inside of the drain hole, and the lower connecting rod passes through the lower connecting hole and is fixed to the first movable baffle and the second movable baffle respectively with bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, a semicircular groove is provided on the bottom surface of the arc sliding track model box, and the semicircular groove is connected to the bottom of the first movable baffle and the second movable baffle respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the water diversion pipe is inserted into the water diversion hole, and a second filter is fixedly connected to the inside of the water diversion pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the first water injection box body and the second water injection box body are fixedly connected with the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate of the model box by bolts.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multi-strata and multi-angle faults, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multiple strata and multi-angle faults has a first movable baffle and a second movable baffle arranged inside the model box, which can divide the model box into three cavities A, B and C. Three different types of similar stratum materials can be filled at the same time. The first and second movable baffles can be removed according to test needs to flexibly fill one to three similar stratum materials to meet the requirements of various simulation tests.

[0018] 2. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multiple strata and multi-angle faults can change the size and shape of the cavity by rotating the first movable baffle and the second movable baffle, thereby simulating the different compositions and shapes of the stratum where the tunnel is located. After the first movable baffle and the second movable baffle are pulled out, the fault zone between the strata can be simulated by filling with similar materials of the soft strata. This can better simulate the complex geological conditions of tunnel construction passing through different strata and fault zones, and realize the coupled simulation of multiple strata, multiple fault zones and seepage conditions, making the tunnel model test closer to the actual project, and solving the problem that the tunnel model box can often only simulate one fault section, and the fault angle cannot be changed, and the influence of stratum seepage on tunnel excavation is not considered, the simulated situation is relatively simple, inconsistent with the actual complex engineering situation, and cannot achieve a good simulation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the front baffle of the model box of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3This is a structural diagram of the left baffle of the model box of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the bottom plate of the model box of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first movable baffle of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the water injection device of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water diversion pipe of the utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1 model box, 11 model box front baffle, 12 model box rear baffle, 111 connecting hole, 112 excavation reserved hole, 13 model box left baffle, 14 model box right baffle, 131 arc sliding track, 132 connecting screw hole, 133 water diversion hole, 134 drain hole, 135 lower connecting hole, 15 model box bottom plate, 151 semicircular groove, 2 partition device, 21 first movable baffle, 22 second movable baffle, 211 upper connecting rod, 212 lower connecting rod, 3 water injection device, 31 first water injection box body, 32 second water injection box body, 311 box body connecting hole, 312 water diversion pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 7In this embodiment, a tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults includes a model box rear baffle 12 and a model box front baffle 11 inside a model box 1. One side of the model box front baffle 11 and the model box rear baffle 12 is fixedly connected to a model box left baffle 13, and the other side of the model box front baffle 11 and the model box rear baffle 12 is fixedly connected to a model box right baffle 14. The lower side of the model box front baffle 11 and the model box rear baffle 12 is fixedly connected to an arc sliding rail. The bottom plate 15 of the model box, the front baffle 11 of the model box and the rear baffle 12 of the model box are all provided with a plurality of connecting holes 111, the middle of the inner side of the front baffle 11 of the model box and the rear baffle 12 of the model box are provided with excavated reserved holes 112, the left baffle 13 of the model box and the right baffle 14 of the model box are provided with adjustment structures, the front baffle 11 of the model box and the rear baffle 12 of the model box are provided with partition devices 2, and the outer sides of the left baffle 13 of the model box and the right baffle 14 of the model box are provided with water injection devices 3. The adjustment structure includes two surfaces 131 fixedly connected to the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box, respectively, a plurality of connecting screw holes 132 respectively opened inside the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box, a plurality of internal water inlet holes 133 respectively opened on the side of the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box close to the connecting screw holes 132, a plurality of internal drainage holes 134 respectively opened on the lower side of the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box, and a plurality of lower connecting holes 135 respectively opened on the side of the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box close to the drainage holes 134. The partition device 2 includes a first movable baffle 21 slidably connected to one side of the left baffle 13 of the model box, a second movable baffle 22 slidably connected to the other side of the left baffle 13 of the model box, an internal upper connecting rod 211 inserted into the upper sides of the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22, and an internal lower connecting rod 212 inserted into the lower sides of the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22. The water injection device 3 includes a first water injection box body 31 fixedly connected to one side of the left baffle 13 of the model box, a second water injection box body 32 fixedly connected to one side of the right baffle 14 of the model box, a plurality of box connection holes 311 respectively opened in the interior of the first water injection box body 31 and the second water injection box body 32, and a water diversion pipe 312 connecting one side of the first water injection box body 31 and the second water injection box body 32.

[0030] Among them, the connecting hole 111 is used to connect the front baffle 11 of the model box, the rear baffle 12 of the model box, the left baffle 13 of the model box and the right baffle 14 of the model box. The excavation reserved hole 112 is used for tunnel simulation excavation. 131 can make the upper connecting rod 211 move. The connecting screw holes 132 are symmetrically arranged on the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box. The water diversion holes 133 are symmetrically arranged, and the water diversion pipe 312 is arranged in the water diversion hole 133. The first filter is fixedly connected to the inside of the drain hole 134. The lower connecting rod 212 passes through the lower connecting hole 135 and is fixed to the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22 with bolts respectively. A semicircular groove 151 is opened on the surface of the bottom plate 15 of the arc sliding track model box. The semicircular groove 151 is respectively connected to the bottom of the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22. The water diversion pipe 312 is inserted into the water diversion hole 133, and the second filter is fixedly connected to the inside of the water diversion pipe 312.

[0031] It should be noted that the drain holes 134 are symmetrically arranged, and their function is to form seepage of water in the first water injection box body 31 and the second water injection box body 32. In order to prevent the loss of similar material particles, the upper connecting rod 211 passes through the upper connecting channel and is connected to the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22, which can drive the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22 to move along 131, and the lower connecting rod 212 passes through the lower connecting channel and is connected to the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22, and is fixed to the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box by bolts, so that the first The movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22 can rotate around the lower connecting rod 212, and water is injected into the model box 1 through the water pipe 312. In order to prevent particles from entering the water injection box, the second filter plate provided can play an isolation role. Since tunnel excavation will encounter complex geological conditions such as crossing multiple strata and multiple faults, field tests cannot be carried out due to the influence of conditions, and model tests are often selected. Using this device for testing can simulate the complex geological conditions of multiple strata, multiple faults and water seepage coupling, and can also simulate different inclination angles of strata and faults, which can better simulate actual engineering conditions.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] See also Figure 1 On the basis of the first embodiment, the first water injection box body 31 and the second water injection box body 32 are fixedly connected with the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 14 of the model box by bolts.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the first water filling box body 31, the second water filling box body 32, the left baffle plate 13 of the model box and the right baffle plate 14 of the model box are fixedly connected by bolts, and the connection can be made later.

[0035] The working principle of the above embodiment is:

[0036] First, select the appropriate model box front baffle 11 and model box rear baffle 12 according to the actual cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, and then use bolts to connect the model box front baffle 11 and model box rear baffle 12 with the model box left baffle 13 and model box right baffle 14 through the connecting hole 111, connect the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22 to the arc sliding track model box bottom plate 15 through the semicircular groove 151, and then sequentially pass the upper connecting rod 211 and the lower connecting rod 212 through the connecting channel to connect the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22, wherein the upper connecting rod 211 passes through 131 at the same time, fixes the lower connecting rod 212 by bolts, adjusts the position of the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22 by sliding the upper connecting rod 211 in 131, fixes them with bolts after reaching the appropriate position, and fixes them with bolts. The box body 31 and the second water injection box body 32 are connected to the left baffle 13 of the model box and the right baffle 14 of the model box, and then the water diversion pipe 312 is installed. After the installation of the test device is completed, the connection is sealed with waterproof glue so that water can only flow in from the water diversion pipe 312 and out of the drain port to facilitate subsequent water level control. Before filling similar materials, the water diversion pipe 312 and the drain hole 134 are sealed with filter paper to prevent particles from leaking. Similar materials should be compacted and filled in layers, and monitoring instruments are deployed during filling. After filling is completed, the upper connecting rod 211, the lower connecting rod 212, the first movable baffle 21 and the second movable baffle 22 are removed, and the fault similar material is filled in the gap. Then water is injected into the first water injection box body 31 and the second water injection box body 32, and the water level is controlled by the water injection rate. Finally, the front baffle 11 of the model box and the rear baffle 12 of the model box are excavated to reserve holes 112.

[0037] The installation method, connection method or setting method disclosed in this embodiment are all common mechanical connection methods, and can be implemented as long as they can achieve their beneficial effects. In addition, the electrical components appearing in this embodiment are all electrically connected to the main controller and the power supply. The main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that plays a control role. Technicians in this field can control the electrical components through simple programming, and the existing disclosed power connection technology is also common knowledge in this field, so the specific structural composition and working principle will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel model test device for simulating water-containing multi-strata and multi-angle faults, comprising a model box rear baffle (12) and a model box front baffle (11) inside a model box (1), characterized in that: One side of the model box front baffle (11) and the model box rear baffle (12) is fixedly connected to the model box left baffle (13), and the other side of the model box front baffle (11) and the model box rear baffle (12) is fixedly connected to the model box right baffle (14). The lower sides of the model box front baffle (11) and the model box rear baffle (12) are fixedly connected to the arc sliding track model box bottom plate (15). The interiors of the model box front baffle (11) and the model box rear baffle (12) are both open. A plurality of connection holes (111) are provided, a reserved hole (112) is provided in the middle of the inner side of the front baffle (11) and the rear baffle (12) of the model box, an adjustment structure is provided inside the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box, a partition device (2) is provided inside the front baffle (11) and the rear baffle (12) of the model box, and a water injection device (3) is provided outside the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box; The regulating structure comprises two surfaces (131) respectively fixedly connected to the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box, a plurality of connecting screw holes (132) respectively opened inside the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box, a plurality of water inlet holes (133) respectively opened inside the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box near the connecting screw holes (132), a plurality of drain holes (134) respectively opened inside the lower side of the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box, and a plurality of lower connecting holes (135) respectively opened on the side of the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box near the drain holes (134). The partition device (2) comprises a first movable baffle (21) slidably connected to one side of the left baffle (13) of the model box, a second movable baffle (22) slidably connected to the other side of the left baffle (13) of the model box, an internal upper connecting rod (211) plugged into the upper sides of the first movable baffle (21) and the second movable baffle (22), and an internal lower connecting rod (212) plugged into the lower sides of the first movable baffle (21) and the second movable baffle (22); The water injection device (3) comprises a first water injection box body (31) fixedly connected to a side surface of the left baffle (13) of the model box, a second water injection box body (32) fixedly connected to a side surface of the right baffle (14) of the model box, a plurality of box body connection holes (311) respectively provided inside the first water injection box body (31) and the second water injection box body (32), and a water diversion pipe (312) connected to one side of the first water injection box body (31) and the second water injection box body (32).

2. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection holes (111) are used to connect the model box front baffle (11), the model box rear baffle (12), the model box left baffle (13) and the model box right baffle (14), and the excavation reserved holes (112) are used for tunnel simulation excavation.

3. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The (131) can enable the upper connecting rod (211) to move, and the connecting screw holes (132) are symmetrically arranged on the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box.

4. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water diversion holes (133) are arranged symmetrically, and the water diversion pipe (312) is arranged in the water diversion hole (133).

5. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first filter is fixedly connected inside the drain hole (134), and the lower connecting rod (212) passes through the lower connecting hole (135) and is fixed to the first movable baffle (21) and the second movable baffle (22) respectively with bolts.

6. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: A semicircular groove (151) is provided on the surface of the bottom plate (15) of the circular arc sliding track model box. The semicircular groove (151) is connected to the bottom of the first movable baffle (21) and the bottom of the second movable baffle (22) respectively.

7. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water diversion pipe (312) is inserted into the water diversion hole (133), and a second filter is fixedly connected inside the water diversion pipe (312).

8. The tunnel model test device for simulating water-bearing multi-strata and multi-angle faults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first water injection box body (31) and the second water injection box body (32) are fixedly connected to the left baffle (13) and the right baffle (14) of the model box by bolts.

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