Spinal fracture reduction supporting and fixing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spinal fracture reduction supporting and fixing device, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The device comprises a plurality of pedicle screws, a connecting column and a locking assembly used for preventing the connecting column from loosening, and the locking assembly comprises a cushion block, a locking plug screw and an anti-loosening cover. According to the device, the locking assembly is arranged, after a plurality of pedicle screws are implanted into the vertebral pedicle on the same side of a vertebral body, the connecting column is placed in the groove, then the cushion block and the locking screw plug are sequentially installed in the groove, finally, the anti-loosening cover is pressed in, the two sides of the anti-loosening cover are clamped into the clamping grooves, and therefore the connecting column is fixed, and under the limiting effect of the anti-loosening cover, the locking screw plug and the anti-loosening cover are clamped into the clamping grooves. The locking screw plug is effectively prevented from loosening, so that the locking force of the pedicle screw and the connecting column is enhanced, meanwhile, the surface of the pedicle screw is subjected to roughening treatment, the more durable fixing effect is achieved, and a powerful guarantee can be provided for rehabilitation of a patient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to medical instrument technical field, concretely is a kind of spinal fracture reduction support fixing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Spinal fracture refers to fracture of vertebral body, pedicle, lamina, transverse process, spinous process and other parts of the spine due to external force or bone disease and other reasons.Spinal fracture is a common trauma in orthopedics, with an incidence of 5% to 6% of fractures, with the highest incidence of thoracolumbar fracture, followed by cervical and lumbar vertebrae, and thoracic vertebrae, often complicated by spinal cord or cauda equina nerve injury.The most common symptom of spinal fracture is pain, and severe spinal fracture may also cause spinal deformity, such as kyphosis and scoliosis.If the fracture fragments compress or damage the spinal cord or nerves, the patient may experience severe symptoms such as neurological dysfunction.

[0003] Currently, the common treatment methods for spinal fracture include surgical treatment and non-surgical treatment, among which, the surgical treatment methods include open reduction and internal fixation, vertebroplasty, etc.Open reduction and internal fixation is to reduce the fractured vertebral body through surgery and fix the spine using metal internal fixation such as screws (such as pedicle screws, etc.), steel plates, etc.

[0004] However, the existing spinal fracture vertebral body reduction support fixing device has problems such as loose fixing bolts and inconvenient disassembly, and the pedicle screws are not easy to adapt to the needs of different bone density areas after implantation, the overall structural stability is low, and it cannot provide strong protection for the rehabilitation of patients.Therefore, it is urgent to propose a spinal fracture reduction support fixing device. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a kind of spinal fracture reduction support fixing device, to at least solve the problems of existing spinal fracture vertebral body reduction support fixing device such as loose fixing bolts and inconvenient disassembly.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] A spinal fracture reduction support fixing device, the fixing device comprises:

[0008] A plurality of pedicle screws, a connecting column and a locking assembly;

[0009] Wherein, the connecting column is inserted into the groove at the top end of each pedicle screw in turn, and the locking assembly is detachably mounted on the groove for locking the connecting column.

[0010] In one embodiment, the locking assembly includes a locking plug, and the locking plug is detachably connected to the arc-shaped thread rings opened on both inner walls of the groove through the threads provided on its outer surface.

[0011] Further, the groove is a U-shaped groove, and the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove is adapted to the outer surface of the connecting column.

[0012] In another embodiment, the locking assembly further includes a lock prevention cover. Both ends of the lock prevention cover are located on the placement grooves opened at both ends of the top of the pedicle screw, and through grooves are vertically opened downward on both sides of the placement groove close to the outer surface of the pedicle screw. Wedge-shaped blocks symmetrically provided at the bottom of both ends of the lock prevention cover pass through the through grooves and are in snap-fit with the card slots; the card slots are opened on the outer wall of the pedicle screw and penetrate through the outer wall of the pedicle screw and are connected to the through grooves.

[0013] Further, the locking assembly further includes a cushion block, and the cushion block is arranged between the locking plug and the connecting column.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lower surface of the cushion block is an inwardly concave arc, and the arc is adapted to the surface of the connecting column.

[0015] Further, protruding limiting blocks are respectively arranged at both sides of the cushion block perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting column, and the limiting blocks are adapted to the limiting grooves symmetrically opened in the middle of both sides of the bottom of the arc-shaped thread ring.

[0016] In another embodiment, a regular hexagon hole is opened in the middle of the top of the locking plug, and the regular hexagon hole is adapted to the convex block arranged in the middle of the bottom of the lock prevention cover.

[0017] Further, the threads of the pedicle screw near the tip are loose, and the threads away from the tip are dense.

[0018] Furthermore, the surface of the pedicle screw is subjected to a rough treatment.

[0019] In another embodiment, the device further includes an open cover tool. Both ends of the open cover tool face downward, and an inwardly buckled extrusion block is arranged at the end of each downward part.

[0020] Further, the open cover tool is in the shape of "冖".

[0021] Preferably, the extrusion block is made of an elastic steel sheet.

[0022] In one embodiment, there are three pedicle screws.

[0023] Adopting the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0024] The device comprises several pedicle screws, connecting columns and locking assemblies, the connecting columns are inserted into grooves at the top of each pedicle screw in sequence, and the locking assemblies are detachably installed on the grooves to lock and fix the connecting columns, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the device and providing strong guarantee for the rehabilitation of patients.

[0025] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this specification, and will be learned from the practice of the present application, based on the study of the following text. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixing device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the fixing device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is a local enlarged schematic diagram of position A in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the pedicle screw in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a local cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pedicle screw in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 It is a local enlarged schematic diagram of position B in the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] In the figure: 1, pedicle screw; 11, groove; 12, arc-shaped thread circle; 13, placing groove; 14, clamping groove; 15, limiting groove; 2, connecting column; 3, locking assembly; 31, pad; 311, limiting block; 32, locking plug; 321, regular hexagonal hole; 33, anti-loosening cover; 331, right-angle elastic sheet; 322, wedge block; 4, cover opener; 41, extrusion block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings, and it should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present application, but does not constitute a limitation on the present application.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-6The utility model provides a kind of spinal fracture reduction support fixing device, it includes connecting column 2, multiple pedicle screws 1 and with each pedicle screw 1 cooperation use, for preventing connecting column 2 loosening locking assembly 3.Each pedicle screw 1 top end is equipped with recess 11, the recess 11 is used to accommodate connecting column 2 and locking assembly 3.

[0035] When using the spinal fracture reduction support fixing device, as shown in Figure 1 After multiple pedicle screws 1 are implanted in the position of the pedicle insertion of the spinal cone on the same side, the front and rear openings of the top end recess 11 of each pedicle screw 1 are arranged in a line, facilitating the insertion of the connecting column 2 into the recess 11, and then the connecting column 2 is fixed by the locking assembly 3, thereby providing stable support and fixation, promoting the healing and recovery of spinal lesions.In this embodiment, there are three pedicle screws 1.

[0036] In order to make the recess 11 more suitable for contact with the connecting column 2 and further increase the stability of the entire device, in one embodiment, the recess 11 is a U-shaped recess, and the "U" bottom arc is just the right size to fit the outer surface arc of the connecting column 2, with high adhesion.

[0037] In order to further increase the stability of the spinal fracture reduction support fixing device during use and the convenience during disassembly, in one embodiment, the above-mentioned locking assembly 3 specifically includes a locking plug 32 and a lock cap 33, which can be specifically seen in Figures 2-3 .

[0038] The left and right side inner walls of the recess 11 perpendicular to the extension direction of the connecting column 2 are each provided with an arc-shaped thread ring 12, and the left and right ends of the top of the pedicle screw 1 (i.e. the upper end of the thread ring 12) are each provided with a placement groove 13 near the outer wall, and the two sides near the outer surface of the pedicle screw 1 are each provided with a vertical through groove (not shown in the figure) downward, which is in communication with a clamping groove 14 provided on the outer wall of the pedicle screw 1 and penetrating through the outer wall of the pedicle screw 1.

[0039] The outer surface of the locking plug 32 is provided with threads matched with the arc-shaped thread ring 12, the lock cap 33 is located at the top of the locking plug 32, the lock cap 33 is provided inside the placement groove 13 at both ends, and wedge-shaped blocks 322 are symmetrically provided at the bottom of both ends of the lock cap 33, which are clamped and matched with the clamping groove 14.

[0040] In order to further improve the stability of the connecting column 2 clamped in the recess 11, in one embodiment, the locking assembly 3 further includes a pad 31. Specifically, the pad 31 is arranged between the locking plug 32 and the connecting column 2. The pad 31 is arranged below the arc-shaped thread ring 12, and when the locking plug 32 moves downward, it will act on the upper surface of the pad 31, and further act on the connecting column 2, so that the position of the connecting column 2 in the recess 11 is not easy to change, and is more stable.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to further enhance the stability of the entire device, in one embodiment, the lower surface of the cushion block 31 is set to a concave arc shape, and this arc shape is adapted to the upper surface of the connecting column 2.

[0042] Preferably, in another embodiment, protruding limiting blocks 311 are respectively provided at both positions of the cushion block 31 perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting column 2. Correspondingly, limiting grooves 15 are symmetrically opened in the middle of both sides at the bottom of the arc-shaped threaded ring 12. The above-mentioned limiting grooves 15 are in snap-fit with the limiting blocks 311 provided on both left and right sides of the cushion block 31, thereby further increasing the stability of the connecting column 2 in the groove.

[0043] In addition, in order to further improve the stability of the device and the convenience during disassembly, in one embodiment, a regular hexagonal hole 321 is opened in the middle of the top of the locking plug 32. Correspondingly, a convex block that is fitted with the regular hexagonal hole 321 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the anti-loosening cover 33, and right-angle elastic pieces 331 made of elastic steel sheets are provided at both ends of the anti-loosening cover 33. When assembling the device of the present utility model, when inserting the convex block in the middle of the bottom of the anti-loosening cover 33 into the regular hexagonal hole 321 of the locking plug 32, the anti-loosening cover 33 can be used as an assembling tool and regarded as a wrench to assist in screwing the locking plug 32 tightly.

[0044] In order to further improve the convenience during disassembly of the device of the present utility model, in one embodiment, the above-mentioned device further includes an opening tool - an opener 4 that is matched with the above-mentioned locking assembly 3. As Figure 5 shown, the opener 4 is in the shape of "冖", and there are two inwardly buckled pressing blocks 41 at the ends of the downward parts at both ends thereof. When the anti-loosening cover 33 needs to be removed, the medical staff sleuths the opener 4 on the anti-loosening cover 33 and makes the two pressing blocks 41 respectively correspond to the positions of the two card slots 14, and then squeezes the two pressing blocks 41 inwardly, and the pressing blocks 41 can be inserted into the interior of the card slots 14. And because the inclined surfaces provided on the inner sides of the pressing blocks 41 are in contact with the inclined surfaces provided on the outer sides of the wedge-shaped blocks 322, after squeezing, the anti-loosening cover 33 can be removed from the pedicle screw 1.

[0045] In order to facilitate the squeezing operation, in one embodiment, the pressing blocks 41 are made of elastic steel sheets.​​​​, by setting locking assembly 3, after implanting multiple pedicle screws 1 at the same side of the vertebral arch root position, and making the front and rear openings of the top groove 11 of each pedicle screw 1 arranged in a line, then the connecting column 2 is placed in the groove 11, and the spacer 31 and the locking plug 32 are installed in the groove 11 in turn, and the locking plug 32 is tightened, so that the bottom surface of the spacer 31 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the connecting column 2, and finally the anti-loose cover 33 is pressed in, so that the protrusions on the bottom surface of the anti-loose cover 33 are embedded in the top hexagonal hole 321 of the locking plug 32, and the anti-loose cover 33 is inserted into the placement groove 13 on both sides of the top of the pedicle screw 1, and the inclined surface on the outside of the wedge-shaped block 322 is pressed downward and clamped in the clamping groove 14. At this time, the fixing of the connecting column 2 is completed. The inner wall of the bottom of the groove 11, the bottom surface of the spacer 31, and the outer wall of the connecting column 2 are mutually attached to increase the friction as much as possible, thereby preventing the connecting column 2 from loosening and ensuring the stability of the device; at the same time, the limiting block 311 on both sides of the spacer 31 cooperates with the limiting groove 15 to prevent the connecting column 2 from deviating; and the protrusions on the bottom of the anti-loose cover 33 are embedded in the top hexagonal hole 321 of the locking plug 32, which further limits the locking plug 32 and further prevents the locking plug 32 from loosening, thereby further enhancing the locking force of the pedicle screw 1 and the connecting column 2.

[0047] When the device needs to be disassembled, the opening cover 4 can easily complete the disassembly of the device. When disassembling the pedicle screw 1 and the connecting column 2, the opening cover 4 is inserted into the clamping groove 14 by opening the two ends, and then the two sides of the opening cover 4 are pressed inward. When the inclined surface on the outside of the wedge-shaped block 322 is pressed inward, the two bottom ends of the anti-loose cover 33 quickly come off the clamping groove 14. At this time, the anti-loose cover 33 is directly taken out upward, and then the locking plug 32, the spacer 31, the connecting column 2 and the pedicle screw 1 can be taken out in turn, which is beneficial to improve the disassembly efficiency of the entire fixing device.

[0048] In addition, when disassembling the device of the utility model, since the protrusions on the bottom surface of the anti-loose cover 33 can be embedded in the top hexagonal hole 321 of the locking plug 32, at this time, the anti-loose cover 33 can also be used as a disassembly tool, which can be used as a wrench to assist in unscrewing the locking plug 32.

[0049] In addition, in any one of the above embodiments, the lower end of the pedicle screw 1 adopts a cancellous thread structure (i.e. the lower segment thread is loose), and the upper segment is a cortical thread structure (i.e. the upper segment thread is dense).

[0050] The lower end is designed as a loose cancellous thread, which can better combine with the cancellous bone, enhance the holding force and stability in the cancellous bone area, and reduce the risk of loosening and displacement; meanwhile, the upper part of the thread is a dense cortical thread, the denser the thread, the less the work done, the more labor-saving, and in addition, the dense thread can be closely combined with the cortical bone, ensuring firm fixation in the cortical bone area and improving the reliability of the overall fixation.

[0051] The working principle of the spinal fracture reduction, support and fixing device group during assembly and disassembly is as follows:

[0052] During assembly, firstly, the plurality of pedicle screws 1 are implanted into the same side pedicle of the vertebral body, and the connecting column 2 is placed into the groove 11, so that the pedicle screws 1 are connected into a whole, and the stability of the internal fixation system is preliminarily enhanced. Secondly, after the gasket 31 and the locking screw plug 32 are sequentially installed inside the groove 11, the locking screw plug 32 is tightened, so that the bottom surface of the gasket 31 tightly abuts against the outer wall of the connecting column 2, the friction force is improved, the connecting column 2 is prevented from loosening, finally, the anti-loose cover 33 is pressed in, so that the bottom surface protrusions of the anti-loose cover 33 are embedded into the top hexagonal hole 321 of the locking screw plug 32, and the two sides of the anti-loose cover 33 are inserted into the placing groove 13 at the top of the pedicle screw 1, and the outer inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block 322 is pressed downward and clamped in the clamping groove 14. At this time, the further fixation of the connecting column 2 is completed, the stable support and fixation of the whole device are provided, and the healing and recovery of the spinal lesion are promoted. Thus, the whole assembly process is completed.

[0053] During disassembly, the two ends of the cover opener 4 are spread and inserted into the clamping groove 14, and then the two sides of the cover opener 4 are pressed inward. At this time, the outer inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block 322 is pressed inward, and the two bottom ends of the anti-loose cover 33 can be separated from the clamping groove 14. Then the anti-loose cover 33 is directly taken out upward, and the locking screw plug 32, the gasket 31, the connecting column 2 and the pedicle screw 1 are sequentially taken out, so that the disassembly efficiency of the whole device is improved.

[0054] During assembly or disassembly, the anti-loose cover 33 can be used as an assembly or disassembly tool by the cooperation between the protrusions on the bottom of the anti-loose cover 33 and the hexagonal hole 321 on the locking screw plug 32.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that:

[0056] 1. The device includes several pedicle screws, connecting columns, and locking components. The connecting columns are sequentially inserted into the grooves opened at the top of each pedicle screw, and then the locking components are detachably installed on the grooves to lock and fix the connecting columns, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the device and providing strong protection for the patient's recovery. At the same time, the locking components are detachably installed in the grooves to lock the connecting columns, which can be easily disassembled later.

[0057] 2. The utility model provides a locking assembly. After multiple pedicle screws are implanted into the pedicles on the same side of the vertebral body, the connecting column is placed in the groove, and the pad and the locking screw are installed in sequence inside the groove. Finally, the anti-loosening cover is pressed in so that both sides of the anti-loosening cover are engaged in the card groove, thereby completing the fixation of the connecting column. Under the limiting action of the anti-loosening cover, the locking screw is effectively prevented from loosening, thereby enhancing the locking force of the pedicle screw and the connecting column.

[0058] 3. The utility model is provided with a cover opener. When the pedicle screw and the connecting column need to be removed, the two ends of the cover opener are spread open and inserted into the slot. Then, the two sides of the cover opener are pressed inward to release the two bottom ends of the anti-loosening cover from the slot. Then, the anti-loosening cover, locking screw, spacer, connecting column and pedicle screw can be removed in sequence, which helps to improve the disassembly efficiency of the entire fixation device.

[0059] 4. The lower thread section of the pedicle screw in the present invention is designed as a loose cancellous thread, which can better combine with the cancellous bone, enhance the grip and stability in the cancellous bone area, and reduce the risk of loosening and displacement. At the same time, the upper thread section is a dense cortical thread, which can fit tightly with the cortical bone, ensuring firm fixation in the cortical bone area and improving the reliability of the overall fixation. The surface of the pedicle screw is roughened to increase the friction between the device and the surrounding tissue, so that the pedicle screw can adapt to the needs of different bone density areas after implantation, achieve a more stable and lasting fixation effect, and provide strong protection for the patient's recovery.

[0060] In the description of this utility model, the front, back, left, right, up and down are all based on the figures in the specification. Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0061] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is the orientation or position relationship shown based on the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the utility model.

[0062] It should be noted that the device structure and the drawings of the utility model mainly describe the principle of the utility model, and the setting of the power mechanism, the power supply system and the control system of the device is not completely described in the technical principle of the design, and under the premise that the above-mentioned principle of the utility model is understood by the person skilled in the art, the specific power mechanism, power supply system and control system can be clearly known, and the control mode of the application file is automatically controlled by the controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming of the person skilled in the art.

[0063] The standard parts used therein can be purchased from the market, and can be ordered according to the description and drawings, and the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional screw, rivet, welding and other conventional means in the prior art, the mechanical parts and equipment adopt the conventional type in the prior art, and the components known by the person skilled in the art, and the structure and principle thereof can be known by the person skilled in the art through technical manual or through conventional experimental method.

[0064] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0065] For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, replacements and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the utility model, and still fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A spinal fracture reduction support fixation device, characterized in that: The fixing device comprises: a plurality of pedicle screws (1), a connecting column (2), and a locking assembly (3); The connecting column (2) is sequentially inserted into a groove (11) formed at the top end of each pedicle screw (1), and the locking assembly (3) is detachably mounted on the groove (11) to lock the connecting column (2).

2. A spinal fracture reduction support fixation device as recited in claim 1, wherein, The locking assembly (3) comprises a locking screw plug (32) which is detachably connected with an arc-shaped threaded ring (12) formed on the inner wall of the groove (11) through the thread formed on the outer surface of the locking screw plug (32).

3. A spinal fracture reduction support fixation device as recited in claim 2, wherein, The groove (11) is a U-shaped groove, and the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove is matched with the outer surface of the connecting column (2).

4. The spinal fracture reduction support and fixation device of claim 2, wherein, The locking assembly (3) further comprises an anti-loosening cover (33) which is located at the placement grooves (13) formed at the two ends of the top of the pedicle screw (1), and the two sides of the placement grooves (13) close to the outer surface of the pedicle screw (1) are vertically downwardly provided with through grooves, and the wedge-shaped blocks (322) symmetrically provided at the bottom of the anti-loosening cover (33) are clamped and matched with the clamping grooves (14) after passing through the through grooves; the clamping grooves (14) are formed on the outer wall of the pedicle screw (1) and penetrate the outer wall of the pedicle screw (1) to communicate with the through grooves.

5. A spinal fracture reduction support and fixation device as recited in claim 4, wherein, The locking assembly (3) further comprises a cushion block (31) which is arranged between the locking screw plug (32) and the connecting column (2).

6. A spinal fracture reduction support and fixation device as recited in claim 5 wherein, The lower surface of the cushion block (31) is concave and arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped surface is matched with the surface of the connecting column (2).

7. The spinal fracture reduction support and fixation device of claim 5, wherein, A regular hexagonal hole (321) is formed in the middle of the top of the locking screw plug (32), and the regular hexagonal hole (321) is matched with the protrusion formed in the middle of the bottom of the anti-loosening cover (33).

8. The spinal fracture reduction support and fixation device according to claim 1, wherein, The thread close to the tip of the pedicle screw (1) is loose, and the thread away from the tip is dense.

9. A spinal fracture reduction support and fixation device as in any of claims 4-7, wherein, The device further comprises a cover opener (4) which is downwardly arranged at both ends, and the end of each downwardly arranged part is provided with an inner-buckled extrusion block (41).

10. A spinal fracture reduction support and fixation device as recited in claim 9, wherein, The extrusion block (41) is made of elastic steel sheet.

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