Load unloading device of oil pumping unit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pumping unit load unloading device which comprises an unloader body, the unloader body is connected to a pumping unit polish rod in a sleeved mode, the upper end and the lower end of the unloader body are connected between a square clamp at the bottom of a pumping unit and a wellhead pressing cap in an abutting mode respectively, and the unloader body comprises an upper supporting unloading portion arranged at the top end. A clamping unloading part is arranged at the lower end of the upper supporting unloading part, a lower supporting unloading part is arranged at the bottom end of the clamping unloading part, and the upper supporting unloading part and the lower supporting unloading part are both of an opening and closing type supporting structure and are both provided with opening and closing mechanisms. The upper supporting and unloading part and the lower supporting and unloading part are opened or closed through the opening and closing mechanism, locking mechanisms are arranged on the upper supporting and unloading part and the lower supporting and unloading part, and the upper supporting and unloading part and the lower supporting and unloading part are locked through the locking mechanisms after being closed. The oil pumping unit load unloading device is easy and convenient to operate, and the problems that a traditional load unloading method is complex in operation, potential safety hazards exist, equipment is damaged, and maintenance is inconvenient are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an oil pumping unit, or more precisely, an oil pumping unit unloading device. Background Technology

[0002] In oilfield development, pumping units are crucial mechanical equipment widely used in the extraction and transportation of crude oil. The working principle of a pumping unit involves the up-and-down movement of the pump head, which drives the polished rod to move up and down, thereby lifting oil from the well to the surface. As a key component of the pumping unit, the polished rod bears significant tensile and compressive forces; therefore, during prolonged operation, the load on the polished rod directly affects the pumping unit's efficiency and service life.

[0003] In practice, the maintenance and upkeep of the polished rod of a pumping unit is a crucial aspect of ensuring its normal operation. Replacing components such as load cells, load clamps, suspension ropes, and suspension devices often requires removing the load from the polished rod. This process traditionally relies primarily on manual operation or simple tools, which is not only complex but also carries significant risks. However, traditional unloading methods have several problems:

[0004] 1. Complex operation and low efficiency: Existing unloading methods require manual operation, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to errors, resulting in low efficiency and increased operation time and cost.

[0005] 2. Safety hazards: During the unloading process, the load of the bare pole is directly applied to the manually operated parts. If the operation is improper or the equipment malfunctions, the bare pole may fall off or other accidents may occur, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0006] 3. Equipment damage: Traditional unloading devices often involve direct metal-to-metal contact with the polished rod. Prolonged use can easily cause wear and damage to the surface of the polished rod, affecting its service life and the normal operation of the pumping unit.

[0007] 4. Inconvenient maintenance: Existing unloading devices have complex structures, are inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, and have high maintenance costs. Especially in wellhead operating environments, disassembly and assembly are difficult, increasing the difficulty of equipment maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pumping unit unloading device to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A pumping unit unloading device includes an unloader body sleeved on the polished rod of the pumping unit. The upper and lower ends of the unloader body abut against a square clamp at the bottom of the pumping unit and a wellhead pressure cap, respectively. The unloader body includes an upper support unloading section at the top, a clamping unloading section at the lower end of the upper support unloading section, and a lower support unloading section at the bottom end of the clamping unloading section. Both the upper and lower support unloading sections are openable / closable support structures. Each of the upper and lower support unloading sections has an opening / closing mechanism for opening or closing. Both the upper and lower support unloading sections also have a locking mechanism for locking when closed.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the upper support unloading part and the lower support unloading part include a U-shaped support block, and arc-shaped opening and closing blocks are fitted at both ends of the notch of the U-shaped support block.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the opening and closing mechanism includes an opening and closing plate. One end of the opening and closing plate is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped opening and closing block. A positioning sleeve 1 extends from the end of the opening and closing plate away from the arc-shaped opening and closing block. One end of the positioning sleeve 1 is movably connected to a hinge. Positioning sleeve 2 is sleeved on both ends of the hinge. A positioning plate is fixedly connected to the end of the positioning sleeve 2 away from the hinge. The positioning plate is fixed on a U-shaped support block. A telescopic spring is fixedly sleeved on the hinge. One end of the telescopic spring is connected to the opening and closing plate, and the other end is connected to the positioning plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism includes a locking ring and a locking hook hooked within the locking ring. The locking ring includes a locking block and a locking ring. The locking block is fixed to a U-shaped support block. A connecting seat is sleeved on the outer edge of the locking block. The locking block is movably connected to the connecting seat via a pin. A locking ring is hooked onto the connecting seat.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking hook component includes a locking hook positioning block, one end of which is fixed to an arc-shaped opening and closing block, and an arc-shaped positioning hook is fixedly provided on the side end of the locking hook positioning block, and the locking ring is engaged in the arc-shaped positioning hook.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping and unloading part is a hollow structure with an arc-shaped opening. The inner diameter of the clamping and unloading part is smaller than that of the upper support unloading part and the lower support unloading part. The inner edges of the upper support unloading part, the clamping and unloading part, and the lower support unloading part are all bonded with an elastic damping layer.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side end of the clamping and unloading part is provided with a telescopic support mechanism.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the telescopic support mechanism includes a support base, a first connecting rod hinged to the top of the support base, and the other ends of the support base and the first connecting rod respectively hinged to a second connecting rod. Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] This utility model provides a pumping unit unloading device. The pumping unit unloading device of this utility model has achieved significant technical progress in terms of ease of operation, safety, equipment protection, convenient maintenance and wide applicability. It solves the problems of complex operation, safety hazards, equipment damage and inconvenient maintenance of traditional unloading methods, and provides a more efficient, safe and reliable solution for oilfield development. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil pumping unit unloading device of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic support mechanism of the oil pumping unit unloading device of this utility model when it is deployed from another perspective.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic support mechanism when it is retracted.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil pump unloading device of this utility model during use;

[0025] The markings in the diagram are explained as follows: 1. Unloader body; 10. Arc-shaped opening and closing block; 11. U-shaped support block; 12. Elastic damping layer; 13. Pumping unit polished rod; 2. Upper support unloading part; 3. Clamping and unloading part; 4. Lower support unloading part; 5. Opening and closing mechanism; 501. Opening and closing plate; 502. Positioning sleeve one; 503. Hinge; 504. Positioning sleeve two; 505. Positioning plate; 506. Telescopic spring; 6. Locking mechanism; 600. Locking ring; 601. Locking block; 602. Locking ring; 603. Connecting seat; 604. Pin; 610. Locking hook; 611. Locking hook positioning block; 612. Arc-shaped positioning hook; 7. Square clip; 8. Wellhead pressure cap; 9. Telescopic support mechanism; 901. Support base body; 902. First connecting rod; 903. Second connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the pumping unit unloading device includes an unloader body 1, which is sleeved on the pumping unit's polished rod 13. The upper and lower ends of the unloader body 1 abut against the square clamp 7 and the wellhead cap 8 at the bottom of the pumping unit, respectively. The unloader body 1 includes an upper support unloading part 2 at the top, a clamping unloading part 3 at the lower end of the upper support unloading part 2, and a lower support unloading part 4 at the bottom end of the clamping unloading part 3. Both the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4 are openable support structures. Both the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4 are provided with an opening and closing mechanism 5, which enables the opening or closing of the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4. Both the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4 are also provided with a locking mechanism 6, which locks the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4 after they are closed.

[0028] Both the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4 include a U-shaped support block 11, and arc-shaped opening and closing blocks 10 are fitted at both ends of the notch of the U-shaped support block 11.

[0029] The opening and closing mechanism 5 includes an opening and closing plate 501. One end of the opening and closing plate 501 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped opening and closing block 10. A positioning sleeve 502 extends from the end of the opening and closing plate 501 away from the arc-shaped opening and closing block 10. One end of the positioning sleeve 502 is movably connected to the hinge 503. Positioning sleeves 504 are sleeved on both ends of the hinge 503. A positioning plate 505 is fixedly connected to the end of the positioning sleeve 504 away from the hinge 503. The positioning plate 505 is fixed on the U-shaped support block 11. A telescopic spring 506 is fixedly sleeved on the hinge 503. One end of the telescopic spring 506 is connected to the opening and closing plate 501, and the other end is connected to the positioning plate 505.

[0030] The locking mechanism 6 includes a locking ring 600 and a locking hook 610 hooked inside the locking ring 600. The locking ring 600 includes a locking block 601 and a locking ring 602. The locking block 601 is fixed on the U-shaped support block 11. A connecting seat 603 is sleeved on the outer edge of the locking block 601. The locking block 601 is movably connected to the connecting seat 603 through a pin 604. The locking ring 602 is hooked on the connecting seat 603.

[0031] The locking hook component 610 includes a locking hook positioning block 611, one end of which is fixed to the arc-shaped opening and closing block 10. An arc-shaped positioning hook 612 is fixedly provided on the side end of the locking hook positioning block 611, and the locking ring 602 is engaged in the arc-shaped positioning hook 612.

[0032] The clamping and unloading part 3 is a hollow structure with an arc-shaped opening. The inner diameter of the clamping and unloading part 3 is smaller than that of the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4. The inner edges of the upper support unloading part 2, the clamping and unloading part 3 and the lower support unloading part 4 are all bonded with an elastic damping layer 12.

[0033] The side end of the clamping and unloading part 3 is provided with a telescopic support mechanism 9.

[0034] The telescopic support mechanism 9 includes a support body 901, with a first connecting rod 902 movably hinged to the top of the support body 901, and the other ends of the support body 901 and the first connecting rod 902 respectively movably hinged to a second connecting rod 903.

[0035] The working principle of the unloading device of the oil pumping unit is explained below.

[0036] The specific working process is as follows: The unloader body 1 is fitted onto the polished rod 13 of the pumping unit, ensuring that both the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4 of the unloader body 1 are in the open state so that the polished rod 13 can be smoothly fitted. The elastic shock-absorbing layer 12 inside the unloader body 1 prevents direct contact between the internal metal surface of the unloader body 1 and the surface of the polished rod, avoiding wear and damage to the polished rod surface. The opening and closing mechanism 5 operates the opening and closing plate 501 to close, causing the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4 to close. At this time, the opening and closing mechanism 5 is kept closed by the telescopic spring 506. The locking mechanism 6 is used to firmly lock the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4, and the locking ring 602 on the locking ring 600 is hooked onto the locking hook 61. The arc-shaped positioning hook 612 on the 0 is connected to the locking block 601 and the connecting seat 603 through the pin 604, so that the locking ring 600 and the locking hook 610 are tightly engaged, thereby ensuring that the upper and lower ends of the unloader body 1 are firmly locked. Then, the first link 902 and the second link 902 of the telescopic support mechanism 9 are unfolded, so that the telescopic support mechanism 9 unfolds to support the unloader body 1. Then, the upper and lower positions of the unloader body 1 are adjusted so that the upper support unloading part 2 abuts against the square clamp 7 at the bottom of the pumping unit, and the lower support unloading part 4 abuts against the wellhead pressure cap 8. Then, the pumping unit is started so that the pumping head moves up and down normally. At this time, the unloader body 1 bears the entire load of the pumping unit polished rod 13 through the support of the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4. After the unloader body 1 bears the load of the pumping unit polished rod, the load meter 15, the load-bearing square clamp 7, the suspension rope, the suspension rope device 14 and other components can be replaced. During the operation, ensure that the unloader body 1 is stable and avoid misoperation that could cause the polished rod to fall off. After the component replacement is completed, stop the pumping unit and ensure that the donkey head stops moving up and down. Then, release the locking mechanism 6. Through the movable connection of the pin 604 and the connecting seat 603, loosen the locking ring 602 and the arc-shaped positioning hook 612, so that the locking ring 600 and the locking hook 610 are separated. Then, retract the first link 902 and the second link 902 of the telescopic support mechanism 9, so that the telescopic support mechanism 9 is retracted. Then, operate the opening and closing plate 501 through the opening and closing mechanism 5 to open the upper support unloading part 2 and the lower support unloading part 4, and remove the unloader body 1 from the pumping unit polished rod 13 to complete the entire unloading operation.

[0037] Through the above working process, the oil pumping unit unloading device of this utility model can complete the unloading operation efficiently, safely and reliably, significantly improving work efficiency, reducing equipment damage and reducing maintenance costs. It should be noted that before unloading, the load cell is stuck between the upper square clip 7 and the suspension rope device 14. After unloading, a safe distance must be left in the middle before it can be disassembled and removed.

[0038] This invention utilizes a locking mechanism to ensure a secure lock between the upper and lower support unloading sections in the closed state, thus locking both ends of the unloader body and preventing the risk of the polished rod detaching during unloading, eliminating safety hazards. Simultaneously, the upper and lower support unloading sections are reinforced and thickened, further enhancing the overall safety performance of the device. Furthermore, the invention incorporates an internal elastic damping layer, preventing direct contact between the unloader's metal surface and the polished rod surface, effectively reducing wear and damage to the polished rod surface, extending its service life, and ensuring the normal operation of the pumping unit. In addition, the invention's unloading device features a rational structural design; the use of opening and closing mechanisms and locking mechanisms makes disassembly and assembly simple and quick, with low maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for use in wellhead operating environments, significantly reducing the difficulty and time required for equipment maintenance. In addition, the clamping and unloading part of this utility model is an arc-shaped hollow structure with an inner diameter smaller than that of the upper and lower support unloading parts. The unloading device body is supported by a telescopic support mechanism, which is flexible and convenient to retract and expand. This makes it easy to insert the bare rod into the support unloading device body and remove it from the support unloading device body. At the same time, it avoids hitting the square clip and suspension rope during the unloading process, thus providing good protection.

[0039] The oil pumping unit unloading device of this utility model has made significant technological progress in terms of ease of operation, safety, equipment protection, convenient maintenance and scope of application. It solves the problems of complex operation, safety hazards, equipment damage and inconvenient maintenance of traditional unloading methods, and provides a more efficient, safe and reliable solution for oilfield development.

[0040] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this application, but do not limit the patent scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pumping unit unloading device, characterized in that, The unloading device for the pumping unit includes an unloader body (1), which is sleeved on the polished rod (13) of the pumping unit. The upper and lower ends of the unloader body (1) abut against the square clamp (7) at the bottom of the pumping unit and the wellhead cap (8), respectively. The unloader body (1) includes an upper support unloading part (2) at the top, a clamping unloading part (3) at the lower end of the upper support unloading part (2), and a lower support unloading part (4) at the bottom end of the clamping unloading part (3). Both the upper support unloading part (2) and the lower support unloading part (4) are openable support structures. Both the upper support unloading part (2) and the lower support unloading part (4) are provided with an opening and closing mechanism (5). The opening and closing mechanism (5) enables the upper support unloading part (2) and the lower support unloading part (4) to open or close. Both the upper support unloading part (2) and the lower support unloading part (4) are also provided with a locking mechanism (6). After the upper support unloading part (2) and the lower support unloading part (4) are closed, they are locked by the locking mechanism (6).

2. The oil pumping unit unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper support unloading part (2) and the lower support unloading part (4) include a U-shaped support block (11), and arc-shaped opening and closing blocks (10) are attached to both ends of the notch of the U-shaped support block (11).

3. The oil pumping unit unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening and closing mechanism (5) includes an opening and closing plate (501), one end of which is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped opening and closing block (10). A positioning sleeve (502) extends from the end of the opening and closing plate (501) away from the arc-shaped opening and closing block (10). One end of the positioning sleeve (502) is movably connected to a hinge (503). Positioning sleeves (504) are sleeved on both ends of the hinge (503). A positioning plate (505) is fixedly connected to the end of the positioning sleeve (504) away from the hinge (503). The positioning plate (505) is fixed on a U-shaped support block (11). A telescopic spring (506) is fixedly sleeved on the hinge (503). One end of the telescopic spring (506) is connected to the opening and closing plate (501), and the other end is connected to the positioning plate (505).

4. The oil pumping unit unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking mechanism (6) includes a locking ring (600) and a locking hook (610) hooked inside the locking ring (600). The locking ring (600) includes a locking block (601) and a locking ring (602). The locking block (601) is fixed on the U-shaped support block (11). A connecting seat (603) is sleeved on the outer edge of the locking block (601). The locking block (601) is movably connected to the connecting seat (603) through a pin (604). The locking ring (602) is hooked on the connecting seat (603).

5. The oil pumping unit unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking hook component (610) includes a locking hook positioning block (611), one end of which is fixed to the arc-shaped opening and closing block (10), and an arc-shaped positioning hook (612) is fixedly provided on the side end of the locking hook positioning block (611), and the locking ring (602) is engaged in the arc-shaped positioning hook (612).

6. The oil pumping unit unloading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping and unloading part (3) has a hollow structure with an arc-shaped opening. The inner diameter of the clamping and unloading part (3) is smaller than that of the upper support unloading part (2) and the lower support unloading part (4). The inner edges of the upper support unloading part (2), the clamping and unloading part (3) and the lower support unloading part (4) are all bonded with an elastic damping layer (12).

7. The oil pumping unit unloading device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side end of the clamping and unloading part (3) is provided with a telescopic support mechanism (9).

8. The oil pumping unit unloading device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The telescopic support mechanism (9) includes a support base (901), the top end of which is movably hinged to a first connecting rod (902), and the other ends of the support base (901) and the first connecting rod (902) are respectively movably hinged to a second connecting rod (903).

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