Mechanical refrigerating and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shaft of railway tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway tunnel ultra-deep vertical shaft mechanical refrigerating and cooling system, and belongs to the technical field of vertical shaft construction, the railway tunnel ultra-deep vertical shaft mechanical refrigerating and cooling system comprises a cooling circulation module, a refrigerating module and a cold transfer module, the cooling circulation module comprises a cooling tower and a cooling water pipeline, and the refrigerating module and the cold transfer module are both arranged in a vertical shaft; the output end of the cooling tower is connected to the input end of the condenser in the refrigeration module through a connecting pipeline, and the output end of the condenser in the refrigeration module is connected to the input end of the cooling tower through a cooling water pipeline; the cold transfer module comprises an axial flow fan, an air cooler and a ventilation pipeline, the ventilation pipeline is installed at the output end of the axial flow fan, the air cooler is installed in the ventilation pipeline, and the output end of the evaporator in the refrigeration module is connected to the input end of the air cooler through a connecting pipeline; the output end of the air cooler is installed at the input end of the evaporator in the refrigeration module through a connecting pipeline. The cooling device has the effects that the cooling efficiency is conveniently improved, meanwhile, water is recycled, and resource waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shaft construction, and in particular to a mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels, the original rock temperature of deep-buried tunnels is generally high, and there is a large amount of mechanical heat dissipation at the working face, such as the operation of drilling rigs, which generates a lot of heat. Therefore, in order to deal with the heat hazards during tunnel construction and operation, ensure the normal operation of equipment and the comfort of personnel, and ensure the safe production of the tunnel, cooling systems are usually installed inside the railway tunnel.

[0003] Cooling operations in railway tunnels typically involve ventilation, ice, and water spraying. While ice or water spraying can significantly reduce temperature by absorbing heat from the surrounding environment, the long tunnel length leads to high consumption of ice or water, poor cooling efficiency, and difficulty in recycling the consumed water, resulting in resource waste. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to improve cooling efficiency and achieve water recycling to reduce resource waste, this application provides a mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels.

[0005] The mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels includes a cooling circulation module, a refrigeration module, and a heat transfer module. The cooling circulation module includes a cooling tower and cooling water pipes. The cooling tower is located outside the shaft, while the refrigeration module and the heat transfer module are both located inside the shaft. The output end of the cooling tower is connected to the input end of the condenser in the refrigeration module via a connecting pipe, and the output end of the condenser in the refrigeration module is connected to the input end of the cooling tower via a cooling water pipe. The heat transfer module includes an axial flow fan, an air cooler, and ventilation ducts. The ventilation ducts are installed at the output end of the axial flow fan, and the air cooler is installed within the ventilation ducts. The output end of the evaporator in the refrigeration module is connected to the input end of the air cooler via a connecting pipe, and the output end of the air cooler is installed at the input end of the evaporator in the refrigeration module via a connecting pipe.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when cooling the railway tunnel, the air cooler reduces the temperature of the airflow blown by the axial flow fan through the ventilation duct to the tunnel face, thereby achieving cooling inside the tunnel. During this process, the cooling tower and the refrigeration module are connected by pipes and cooling water pipes to achieve water circulation and heat dissipation. After the refrigerant, i.e., chilled water, absorbs the heat from the airflow in the air cooler, it flows back to the evaporator through the connecting pipes. At the same time, the evaporator continuously inputs chilled water to the cooler, thus achieving water circulation and cooling utilization. Compared with using ice blocks or spraying water, the above solution, with its continuous airflow through the ventilation duct, achieves higher cooling efficiency inside the tunnel and enables water recycling during operation, which helps reduce resource waste.

[0008] Optionally, the refrigeration module includes a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and a compressor. The condenser is connected to the expansion valve via a connecting pipe, the expansion valve is connected to the evaporator via a connecting pipe, the evaporator is connected to the compressor via a connecting pipe, and the compressor is connected to the condenser via a connecting pipe.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the secondary refrigerant in the evaporator and is vaporized into low-pressure, low-temperature steam. This steam is drawn into the compressor, where it is pressurized and heated to form high-pressure, high-temperature steam, which then enters the condenser. There, it transfers heat to the cooling water and is condensed into a liquid. After the refrigerant is depressurized and cooled by the expansion valve, it enters the evaporator again to continue absorbing heat from the water that has been heated in the air cooler. This cycle achieves the purpose of refrigeration, which is convenient and stable.

[0010] Optionally, the cooling transfer module is provided in at least two sets, and the ventilation ducts of the two sets of cooling transfer modules are located at different positions in the vertical shaft.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of two sets of cooling modules helps to further ensure the efficiency of cooling and temperature reduction in the vertical shaft through the ventilation duct, and also helps to further ensure the temperature uniformity after cooling and temperature reduction in the vertical shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the ventilation duct is externally fitted with a heat-insulating air duct.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the installation of heat-insulated air ducts helps to isolate the conduction of internal and external temperatures, prevents high-temperature external air from entering the air duct, thereby maintaining a suitable temperature of the air inside the air duct, reducing energy loss and improving cooling efficiency.

[0014] Optionally, a pipe fixing mechanism is also included, which includes a fixing seat, a fixing plate, and a driving assembly. The fixing seat is installed on the inner wall of the shaft, and two fixing plates are arranged opposite each other. The driving assembly is used to move the two fixing plates toward each other or away from each other.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, after fixing the mounting base to the inner wall of the shaft, the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe is placed between the two fixing plates. Then, the two fixing plates are driven by the driving component to move towards each other, so that the two fixing plates clamp and fix the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe, which helps to ensure the stability of the position of the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe, and further facilitates the stable operation of the system as a whole.

[0016] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a bidirectional screw and a guide rod. The bidirectional screw is rotatably mounted on a fixed base. The two ends of the bidirectional screw with opposite thread directions pass through two fixed plates and are threadedly engaged with the two fixed plates. The guide rod is fixedly mounted on the fixed base and arranged parallel to the bidirectional screw. The guide rod passes through the two fixed plates and slides with the two fixed plates.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the bidirectional screw is rotated by force, the two fixed plates move towards each other or away from each other due to the threaded engagement with the bidirectional screw and the limiting action of the guide rod. The thread self-locking effect between the bidirectional screw and the fixed plates helps to ensure the stability of the position of the two fixed plates after they move.

[0018] Optionally, the fixing seat includes a fixing part and an mounting part. The fixing part is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the shaft by bolts. The fixing plate and the drive assembly are disposed in the mounting part. The mounting part is coaxially rotatably installed on the fixing part. The fixing part has a plurality of fixing holes circumferentially distributed around its own axis on the side facing the mounting part. The mounting part has mounting holes. The mounting part is fixedly installed on the fixing part by fixing bolts that pass through the mounting holes and are threaded into one of the fixing holes.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation part can be installed by matching the mounting holes with different fixing holes using fixing bolts, thereby adjusting the angle of the installation part. This makes it easy for the two fixing plates to fix the connecting pipes or cooling water pipes at different angles, making it highly adaptable.

[0020] Optionally, a clamping groove is provided on one side of the two fixing plates facing each other, and the groove wall of the clamping groove is provided with a rubber pad.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping groove and rubber pad are designed to further ensure the stability of the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe when clamping and fixing it, and at the same time make the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe less prone to wear caused by clamping.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The continuous airflow through the ventilation ducts makes the cooling efficiency in the tunnel high. During operation, the refrigerant, i.e., chilled water, absorbs the heat from the airflow in the air cooler and then flows back to the evaporator through the connecting pipe, which enables the recycling of water and helps reduce resource waste.

[0024] 2. After the refrigerant is depressurized and cooled by the expansion valve, it enters the evaporator again to continue absorbing heat from the water that has been heated in the air cooler. This cycle achieves the purpose of refrigeration, which is convenient and stable.

[0025] 3. The movement of the two fixed plates toward each other enables them to clamp and fix the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe, thereby helping to ensure the stability of the position of the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe, and thus facilitating the further stable operation of the cooling circulation module. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main process structure of the refrigeration module in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe fixing mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the pipe fixing mechanism in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Cooling tower; 2. Cooling water pipe; 3. Condenser; 4. Expansion valve; 5. Evaporator; 6. Compressor; 7. Axial flow fan; 8. Air cooler; 9. Ventilation duct; 10. Insulated air duct; 11. Mounting base; 111. Fixing part; 112. Mounting part; 12. Fixing plate; 13. Fixing hole; 14. Mounting hole; 15. Double-acting screw; 16. Guide rod; 17. Handle; 18. Clamping groove; 19. Rubber pad. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0033] This application discloses a mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A mechanical cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels includes a cooling circulation module, a refrigeration module, and a cooling transfer module. The cooling circulation module includes a cooling tower 1 and a cooling water pipe 2. The cooling tower 1 is located outside the vertical shaft, while the refrigeration module and the cooling transfer module are both located inside the vertical shaft.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The refrigeration module includes a condenser 3, an expansion valve 4, an evaporator 5, and a compressor 6. The output end of the condenser 3 is connected to the input end of the expansion valve 4 via a connecting pipe. The output end of the expansion valve 4 is connected to the input end of the evaporator 5 via a connecting pipe. The output end of the evaporator 5 is connected to the input end of the compressor 6 via a connecting pipe. The output end of the compressor 6 is connected to the input end of the condenser 3 via a connecting pipe.

[0035] During operation, the refrigerant (which functions similarly to Freon, but uses R410A environmentally friendly material in this application) absorbs heat from the secondary refrigerant (chilled water requiring cooling) in the evaporator 5 and is vaporized into low-pressure, low-temperature steam. This steam is drawn into the compressor 6 and pressurized and heated by the compressor. The pressurized and heated high-pressure, high-temperature steam then enters the condenser 3, where it transfers heat to the cooling water and is condensed into liquid. The liquid refrigerant is depressurized and cooled by the expansion valve 4 and then enters the evaporator 5 again, continuing to absorb heat from the water that has been heated by the subsequent air cooler 8. This cycle achieves the purpose of refrigeration.

[0036] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the condenser 3 has two input ends and two output ends. The output end of the cooling tower 1 is connected to the other input end of the condenser 3 through a connecting pipe. The other output end of the condenser 3 is connected to the input end of the cooling tower 1 through a cooling water pipe 2, so as to discharge the heat absorbed by the water during the cooling process to the atmosphere, thereby realizing the circulation and heat dissipation of water between the condenser 3 and the cooling tower 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the cooling transfer module is provided in two sets. The cooling transfer module includes an axial flow fan 7, an air cooler 8, and a ventilation duct 9. The axial flow fan 7 is installed in the vertical shaft by a bracket. The ventilation duct 9 is installed at the output end of the axial flow fan 7, and the air cooler 8 is installed in the ventilation duct 9. This allows the air cooler 8 to cool the gas introduced into the ventilation duct 9 when the axial flow fan 7 blows air through the ventilation duct 9. In this embodiment, the evaporator 5 has three input ends and three output ends. The output ends of the two air coolers 8 in the two sets of cooling transfer modules are respectively connected to the other two input ends of the evaporator 5 through connecting pipes. The other two output ends of the evaporator 5 are respectively connected to the input ends of the two air coolers 8 in the two sets of cooling transfer modules through connecting pipes. This allows the refrigerant, i.e., chilled water, to absorb the heat from the airflow in the air cooler 8 and then return to the evaporator 5 through the connecting pipes. At the same time, the evaporator 5 continuously inputs chilled water to the cooler to achieve water circulation and cooling utilization.

[0038] Reference Figure 1In this embodiment, the ventilation duct 9 is fixedly fitted with a heat-insulating air duct 10. The heat-insulating air duct 10 helps to isolate the conduction of internal and external temperatures and prevents high-temperature external air from entering the air duct, thereby maintaining a suitable temperature of the air inside the air duct and reducing energy loss. The two openings of the ventilation duct 9 are respectively set towards different working faces in the vertical shaft tunnel to further ensure the efficiency of cooling and temperature reduction in the vertical shaft through the ventilation duct 9 and to ensure the temperature uniformity after cooling and temperature reduction in the vertical shaft.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 To further ensure the stability of the positions of the connecting pipes and cooling water pipes 2 within the vertical shaft tunnel, a pipe fixing mechanism is also installed within the shaft. Multiple sets of the pipe fixing mechanism are distributed along the axis of each pipe. The pipe fixing mechanism includes a fixing base 11, a fixing plate 12, and a drive assembly. The fixing base 11 includes a fixing part 111 and an mounting part 112. The fixing part 111 is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical shaft by bolts. The mounting part 112 is coaxially rotatably mounted on the fixing part 111. The fixing part 111 has multiple fixing holes 13 evenly distributed around its own axis on the side facing the mounting part 112. The mounting part 112 has two mounting holes 14 distributed around its own axis. The mounting part 112 is fixed to the fixing part 111 by two fixing bolts that pass through the two mounting holes 14 and are threaded into the two fixing holes 13, respectively, to facilitate adjustment of the angle of rotation of the mounting part 112 around its own axis.

[0040] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Two fixing plates 12 are arranged opposite each other, located on the side of the two mounting portions 112 away from the fixing portion 111. The driving assembly is used to move the two fixing plates 12 in a direction that moves closer to or further away from each other, so that the two fixing plates 12 can clamp and fix the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe 2. Specifically, the driving assembly includes a bidirectional screw 15 and a guide rod 16. The bidirectional screw 15 is rotatably mounted on the fixing base 11. The two ends of the bidirectional screw 15 with opposite threads pass through the two fixing plates 12 and are threadedly engaged with the two fixing plates 12. A handle 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional screw 15 to facilitate the application of force to rotate the bidirectional screw 15.

[0041] Reference Figure 4The guide rod 16 is fixedly installed on the fixed base 11 and is arranged parallel to the bidirectional screw 15. The guide rod 16 passes through the two fixed plates 12 and slides with the two fixed plates 12, so that when the bidirectional screw 15 rotates, the two fixed plates 12 move towards each other or away from each other due to the threaded engagement with the bidirectional screw 15 and the limiting action of the guide rod 16. The thread self-locking effect between the bidirectional screw 15 and the fixed plates 12 helps to ensure the stability of the position of the fixed plates 12 after movement. Each of the two fixed plates 12 has a recessed clamping groove 18 on its opposite side. The groove walls of the two clamping grooves 18 are fixedly fitted with rubber pads 19 by adhesive bonding to further ensure the stable clamping and fixing of the connecting pipe or cooling water pipe 2.

[0042] The implementation principle of the mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels according to this application embodiment is as follows: During the refrigeration and cooling process inside the railway tunnel, the air cooler 8 helps to reduce the temperature of the airflow blown by the axial flow fan 7 to the tunnel face through the ventilation duct 9, thereby achieving refrigeration and cooling inside the tunnel; and during operation, the cooling tower 1 and the refrigeration module are connected by connecting pipes and cooling water pipes 2 to achieve the circulation and heat dissipation of water outside the shaft. After the refrigerant, i.e., chilled water, absorbs the heat from the airflow in the air cooler 8, it flows back to the evaporator 5 through the connecting pipes. At the same time, the evaporator 5 continuously inputs chilled water to the cooler to achieve the circulation and cooling utilization of water. Compared with using ice blocks or spraying water, the solution in this application, through the continuous blowing of air through the ventilation duct 9, makes the refrigeration and cooling efficiency inside the tunnel higher, and the water can be recycled during operation, which helps to reduce resource waste. In addition, the setting of the pipe fixing mechanism helps to further ensure the stability of the location of the connecting pipes or cooling water pipes 2, thereby further facilitating the stable operation of the system.

[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels, characterized in that: The system includes a cooling circulation module, a refrigeration module, and a heat transfer module. The cooling circulation module includes a cooling tower (1) and a cooling water pipe (2). The cooling tower (1) is located outside the shaft, while the refrigeration module and the heat transfer module are located inside the shaft. The output end of the cooling tower (1) is connected to the input end of the condenser (3) in the refrigeration module via a connecting pipe. The output end of the condenser (3) in the refrigeration module is connected to the input end of the cooling tower (1) via the cooling water pipe (2). The heat transfer module includes an axial flow fan (7), an air cooler (8), and a ventilation duct (9). The ventilation duct (9) is installed at the output end of the axial flow fan (7), and the air cooler (8) is installed in the ventilation duct (9). The output end of the evaporator (5) in the refrigeration module is connected to the input end of the air cooler (8) via a connecting pipe. The output end of the air cooler (8) is installed at the input end of the evaporator (5) in the refrigeration module via a connecting pipe. It also includes a pipe fixing mechanism, which includes a fixing seat (11), a fixing plate (12) and a driving assembly. The fixing seat (11) is installed on the inner wall of the shaft. There are two fixing plates (12) facing each other. The driving assembly is used to move the two fixing plates (12) toward each other or away from each other.

2. The mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration module includes a condenser (3), an expansion valve (4), an evaporator (5), and a compressor (6). The condenser (3) is connected to the expansion valve (4) via a connecting pipe. The expansion valve (4) is connected to the evaporator (5) via a connecting pipe. The evaporator (5) is connected to the compressor (6) via a connecting pipe. The compressor (6) is connected to the condenser (3) via a connecting pipe.

3. The mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling module is provided in at least two sets, and the ventilation ducts (9) of the two sets of cooling modules are located at different positions in the vertical shaft.

4. The mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilation duct (9) is externally fitted with a heat-insulating air duct (10).

5. The mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a bidirectional screw (15) and a guide rod (16). The bidirectional screw (15) is rotatably mounted on a fixed base (11). The two ends of the bidirectional screw (15) with opposite thread directions pass through two fixed plates (12) and are threadedly engaged with the two fixed plates (12). The guide rod (16) is fixedly mounted on the fixed base (11) and is arranged parallel to the bidirectional screw (15). The guide rod (16) passes through the two fixed plates (12) and slides with the two fixed plates (12).

6. The mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing base (11) includes a fixing part (111) and a mounting part (112). The fixing part (111) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the shaft by bolts. The fixing plate (12) and the drive assembly are disposed on the mounting part (112). The mounting part (112) is coaxially rotatably installed on the fixing part (111). The fixing part (111) has a plurality of fixing holes (13) circumferentially distributed around its own axis on the side facing the mounting part (112). The mounting part (112) has a mounting hole (14). The mounting part (112) is fixedly installed on the fixing part (111) by fixing bolts that pass through the mounting hole (14) and are threadedly engaged with one of the fixing holes (13).

7. A mechanical refrigeration and cooling system for ultra-deep vertical shafts in railway tunnels according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A clamping groove (18) is provided on one side of the two fixing plates (12) facing each other, and a rubber pad (19) is provided on the groove wall of the clamping groove (18).

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