Stereoscopic soilless culture system for wild celery

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural instruments, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional soilless culture system and method for wild celery. Wherein a plurality of layers of cultivation grooves are formed in the supporting frame, an illumination sensor and an artificial LED light source are arranged in the supporting frame 1, the nutrient solution pool is communicated with a water suction pump, the water suction pump is communicated with a PPR water inlet pipe, the PPR water inlet pipe is provided with an ultraviolet sterilizer and is communicated with the cultivation grooves through a water inlet PVC hose, and a water inlet electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water inlet PVC hose; the nutrient solution pool is communicated with the disc type filter, the disc type filter is communicated with the PPR drain pipe, and the PPR drain pipe is communicated with the cultivation tank; a weak light environment under multi-layer three-dimensional soilless culture is fully utilized, and a red and blue light supplementing device arranged in the cultivation frame is combined, so that a suitable light environment is provided for the wild celery, the light requirements of the wild celery in all growth cycles are met, the growth of the wild celery is promoted, the quality of the wild celery is improved, and high-quality and high-efficiency production of the wild celery is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery. Background Technology

[0002] Soilless cultivation refers to the method of cultivating crops without using natural soil, but instead using nutrient solutions or nutrient solutions plus solid substrates.

[0003] Compared with traditional soil cultivation methods, soilless cultivation has many advantages and broad development prospects. Its main characteristics are as follows:

[0004] 1. Water-saving, fertilizer-saving, and high-yield: In soilless cultivation, the various nutrients required by crops are artificially prepared into nutrient solutions for application. This results in less water loss, a balanced nutrient composition, and high absorption efficiency. Furthermore, nutrients can be scientifically supplied according to different crop types or different growth stages of the same crop. Therefore, crops grow vigorously and develop strongly, fully realizing their yield potential.

[0005] 2. Clean, hygienic and pollution-free: In soil cultivation, organic fertilizers are often required. The fermentation of organic fertilizers produces odors that pollute the environment and easily breed insect eggs and pathogens, which can harm crops. Soilless cultivation, on the other hand, uses inorganic fertilizers for crop production, which is clean and hygienic and can avoid these problems.

[0006] 3. Labor-saving, easy to manage: Soilless cultivation eliminates the need for tilling, turning, and weeding, saving labor and effort. During soilless cultivation, nutrient solution can be supplied in a timely and appropriate manner according to the needs of crop growth and development through an automated control system, preventing waste, greatly reducing labor intensity, and facilitating agricultural modernization.

[0007] 4. Avoid continuous cropping obstacles: In agricultural production, continuous cropping in soil can lead to problems such as nutrient imbalance and aggravation of soil-borne diseases. However, in soilless cultivation, regular replacement of nutrient solution can fundamentally avoid continuous cropping obstacles.

[0008] Wild celery (Ostericum sieboldii (Miq.) Nakai) is a herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Ostericum in the family Apiaceae. Wild wild celery commonly grows on hillsides, grasslands, valleys, forest edges, and under forests. Because wild celery is a shade-loving plant with relatively low light requirements, it is more suitable for vertical cultivation to achieve high-efficiency production.

[0009] While vertical cultivation of wild celery is favored for its high land utilization and yield, it also has some drawbacks. The design of vertical soilless cultivation racks can lead to upper layers blocking light from lower layers, affecting light conditions. Although wild celery is a shade-loving plant, it still requires a certain intensity of light to meet its growth needs. Currently, the design of vertical cultivation racks often does not adequately consider light conditions, which limits its applicability to the plant and reduces the utilization efficiency of the cultivation racks.

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery that has high space utilization, automatic nutrient solution supply, adjustable light environment, and is easy to manage. Utility Model Content

[0011] To overcome the above problems, this utility model provides a three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery. Combining the biological characteristics of wild celery as a shade-loving plant, it makes full use of the low-light environment under multi-layer three-dimensional soilless cultivation. With the addition of red and blue light supplementary lighting devices in the cultivation rack, it can provide a suitable light environment for wild celery, meeting its light requirements in each growth cycle, promoting the growth of wild celery and improving its quality, thus helping to achieve high-quality and efficient production of wild celery. This utility model is a three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery with high space utilization, automatic nutrient solution supply, adjustable light environment, and easy management.

[0012] A three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery includes a support frame 1, a cultivation trough 2, a nutrient solution tank 3, a water pump 4, an ultraviolet sterilizer 5, a light sensor 10, an artificial LED light source 11, an inlet solenoid valve 13, a disc filter 24, and an outlet solenoid valve 25; wherein:

[0013] The support frame 1 is provided with multiple layers of cultivation troughs 2 from top to bottom. The support frame 1 above the uppermost cultivation trough 2 is provided with a light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11. The support frame 1 between every two cultivation troughs 2 is also provided with a light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11.

[0014] The outlet of the nutrient solution tank 3 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 4, the outlet of the water pump 4 is connected to the PPR water inlet pipe 6, and the PPR water inlet pipe 6 is equipped with an ultraviolet sterilizer 5. The PPR water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the water inlet of each cultivation trough 2 through the water inlet PVC hose 7, and each water inlet PVC hose 7 is equipped with a water inlet solenoid valve 13.

[0015] The return water inlet of the nutrient solution tank 3 is connected to the outlet of the disc filter 24 via a pipe, and an ultraviolet sterilizer 5 is installed on the pipe. The inlet of the disc filter 24 is connected to the PPR drain pipe 26. The PPR drain pipe 26 is connected to the drain outlet of each cultivation trough 2 via a drain outlet PVC hose 12, and each drain outlet PVC hose 12 is equipped with a drain outlet solenoid valve 25. An EC value detector 8 and a temperature detector 9 are installed in the nutrient solution tank 3.

[0016] The cultivation trough 2 is provided with fixing clamps 22 at both ends, and the two ends of the cultivation trough 2 are fixed to the two corresponding support pipes of the support frame 1 by fixing clamps 22.

[0017] Each cultivation trough 2 has a planting plate 14 on its upper surface, and each cultivation trough 2 is equipped with a water level limiting probe 16 inside.

[0018] It also includes a timer 23, wherein each drain outlet solenoid valve 25 is electrically connected to the timer 23.

[0019] The support frame 1 and the nutrient solution tank 3 are each equipped with casters at the bottom.

[0020] The nutrient solution tank 3 is covered with rubber and plastic insulation cotton 21, and the top of the nutrient solution tank 3 is provided with a sliding cover plate 20.

[0021] The artificial LED light source 11 is a plate-type light source. The light source plate is equipped with multiple red LED beads and multiple blue LED beads, and the two ends of the light source plate are respectively fixed to the front and rear support tubes on both sides of the support frame 1.

[0022] The ultraviolet sterilizer 5 is a Lingzhuo UV-LZC ultraviolet sterilizer.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0024] 1. The three-dimensional cultivation space is diversified. By making full use of the three-dimensional cultivation rack for multi-layer planting, land can be saved, space can be fully utilized, vegetable yield per unit area can be increased, and land utilization can be improved. At the same time, the control of water, fertilizer and light resources can be fully utilized to achieve a comprehensive improvement in the yield and quality of wild celery. The whole set of equipment is more integrated, reducing civil construction costs and facilitating later operation and maintenance management.

[0025] 2. In vertical cultivation, nutrient delivery pipelines are provided, which facilitates management and allows for the scientific and efficient supply of nutrients according to the nutrient requirements of vegetables at different growth stages, which is beneficial to vegetable growth and improves nutrient utilization.

[0026] 3. Using three-dimensional soilless cultivation can avoid the continuous cropping obstacles in traditional soil cultivation.

[0027] 4. The use of vertical soilless cultivation eliminates the need for tilling, turning, weeding, and other operations, saving labor and time. Moreover, producers can stand up to carry out management operations such as planting and harvesting without bending over or squatting, effectively reducing labor intensity.

[0028] 5. Through automated control systems and various detectors, precise monitoring and adjustment of the cultivation environment can be achieved, thereby increasing the yield and quality of wild celery, reducing the workload of manual management, and avoiding safety risks caused by untimely inspections by personnel.

[0029] This invention achieves automated control through a nutrient solution supply system, which can reduce resource waste, save labor and effort, and avoid unnecessary losses caused by untimely inspections by staff. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. The accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional soilless cultivation rack of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nutrient solution supply system of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Part I shows a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the inlet solenoid valve;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of a portion of the solenoid valve at the drain outlet in section II;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cultivation trough structure of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the artificial light source system of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the nutrient solution tank structure of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the sliding cover plate of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the support frame and the cultivation trough;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of different nutrient solution formulations and cultivation conditions on the plant height of wild celery in Example 3.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of different nutrient solution formulations and cultivation conditions on the stem diameter of wild celery in Example 3.

[0042] Figure 12 This illustrates the effect of different nutrient solution formulations and cultivation conditions on the aboveground fresh weight of wild celery in Example 3.

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of different nutrient solution formulations and cultivation conditions on the aboveground dry weight of wild celery in Example 3.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of five different nutrient solution formulations and cultivation conditions on the total chlorophyll content of wild celery in Example 3.

[0045] Marker explanation:

[0046] 1: Support frame; 2: Cultivation trough; 3: Nutrient solution tank; 4: Water pump; 5: Ultraviolet sterilizer; 6: PPR inlet pipe; 7: Inlet PVC hose; 8: EC value detector; 9: Temperature detector; 10: Light sensor; 11: Artificial LED light source; 12: Drain PVC hose; 13: Inlet solenoid valve; 14: Planting board; 15: Planting sponge; 16: Water level limit probe; 17: DMX module; 18: Artificial LED light source power switch; 19: Display; 20: Sliding cover; 21: Rubber and plastic insulation cotton; 22: Fixing clamp; 23: Timer; 24: Disc filter; 25: Drain solenoid valve; 26: PPR drain pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, it includes a support frame 1, a cultivation trough 2, a nutrient solution tank 3, a water pump 4, an ultraviolet sterilizer 5, a light sensor 10, an artificial LED light source 11, an inlet solenoid valve 13, a disc filter 24, and an outlet solenoid valve 25; wherein:

[0050] The support frame 1 is provided with multiple cultivation troughs 2 from top to bottom. The inner wall of the support frame 1 above the uppermost cultivation trough 2 is provided with a light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11. The inner wall of the support frame 1 between every two cultivation troughs 2 is also provided with a light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11 to meet the growth and development needs of the crops cultivated in the lower cultivation troughs 2.

[0051] The outlet of the nutrient solution tank 3 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 4 through a pipe. The outlet of the water pump 4 is connected to the PPR water inlet pipe 6, and the PPR water inlet pipe 6 is equipped with an ultraviolet sterilizer 5. The PPR water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the water inlet of each cultivation trough 2 through the water inlet PVC hose 7, and each water inlet PVC hose 7 is equipped with a water inlet solenoid valve 13.

[0052] The return water inlet of the nutrient solution tank 3 is connected to the outlet of the disc filter 24 via a pipe, and an ultraviolet sterilizer 5 is installed on the pipe. The inlet of the filter 24 is connected to the PPR drain pipe 26. The PPR drain pipe 26 is connected to the drain outlet of each cultivation trough 2 via a drain outlet PVC hose 12, and each drain outlet PVC hose 12 is equipped with a drain outlet solenoid valve 25. An EC value detector 8 and a temperature detector 9 are installed in the nutrient solution tank 3.

[0053] The cultivation trough 2 is provided with fixing clamps 22 at both ends, and the two ends of the cultivation trough 2 are fixed to the two corresponding support pipes of the support frame 1 by fixing clamps 22.

[0054] Each cultivation trough 2 has a planting plate 14 on its upper surface, and each cultivation trough 2 is equipped with a water level limiting probe 16 inside.

[0055] It also includes a timer 23, wherein each drain outlet solenoid valve 25 is electrically connected to the timer 23.

[0056] The support frame 1 and the nutrient solution tank 3 are each equipped with casters at the bottom.

[0057] The nutrient solution tank 3 is covered with rubber and plastic insulation cotton 21, and the top of the nutrient solution tank 3 is provided with a sliding cover plate 20.

[0058] The artificial LED light source 11 is a plate-type light source. The light source plate is equipped with multiple red LED beads and multiple blue LED beads, and the two ends of the light source plate are respectively fixed on the front and rear support tubes on both sides of the support frame 1.

[0059] The ultraviolet sterilizer 5 is a Lingzhuo UV-LZC ultraviolet sterilizer.

[0060] A method for three-dimensional hydroponics cultivation of wild celery, including the following:

[0061] Step 1: Open the sliding cover 20 and add nutrient solution to the nutrient solution tank 3. Use the EC value detector 8 and temperature detector 9 to detect the EC value and temperature of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3. If the EC value and temperature do not meet the requirements for crop growth, adjust the nutrient solution concentration and temperature parameters until the EC value and temperature of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 meet the requirements as detected by the EC value detector 8 and temperature detector 9.

[0062] Step 2: Turn on the water pump 4 and the inlet solenoid valve 13 to disinfect the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 through the ultraviolet sterilizer 5, and then transport it to each layer of the cultivation tank 2 through the PPR inlet pipe 6 and the inlet PVC hose 7.

[0063] Step 3: The water level limit probe 16 in each cultivation tank 2 detects the nutrient solution water level in the cultivation tank 2. If the water level limit probe 16 detects that the water level is higher than the water level limit probe 16, the water pump 4 and the inlet solenoid valve 13 are turned off.

[0064] Step 4: Wrap the base of the seedling with the planting sponge 15 and stuff it into the planting hole of the planting plate 14 to fix the seedling in the cultivation trough 2.

[0065] Step 5: Based on the growth characteristics of wild celery, adjust the number of red and blue light beads on the artificial LED light source 11 at different growth and development stages. Within 10 days of transplanting, supplement light is provided by turning on the corresponding light beads at a ratio of 7:1 (red:blue light beads). From 10 to 20 days after transplanting, supplement light is provided by turning on the corresponding light beads at a ratio of 7:3 (red:blue light beads). After 20 days of transplanting, supplement light is provided by turning on the corresponding light beads at a ratio of 3:5 (red:blue light beads).

[0066] Step 6: When the nutrient solution needs to be replaced, open the drain solenoid valve 25 at the drain outlet of the cultivation tank 2. The nutrient solution in the cultivation tank 2 flows through the PVC hose 12 and PPR drain pipe 26 through the disc filter 24 to remove impurities and particles. After being disinfected by the ultraviolet sterilizer 5, it flows back into the nutrient solution tank 3 for reuse.

[0067] The timer 23 can be preset for a certain time. When the preset time is reached, the nutrient solution will be replaced according to step six.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] A three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery, such as Figure 9As shown, a support frame 1 is composed of four support pipes. The support frame 1 is used to support the entire three-dimensional soilless cultivation system. The support frame 1 is equipped with several layers of cultivation troughs 2. Each cultivation trough 2 is a rectangular trough without a cover. There are adjustable clamps 22 at the four corners to fix the vertical position of the cultivation troughs 2. The spacing between each cultivation trough 2 is adjusted by locking the clamps 22 to meet the growth space needs of the wild celery, so that the wild celery plants can grow more leaves and stems, thereby increasing the yield.

[0070] The support frame 1 is made of steel pipe, with a length of 150cm and a width of 60cm. The spacing between cultivation troughs is 30-40cm, and the bottom layer is no less than 10cm from the ground.

[0071] The cultivation trough 2 is 5cm high, and its length and width are slightly smaller than the size of the cultivation rack, which makes it easy to adjust the spacing of each cultivation trough 2 by using the fixing clamps 22. The bottom of the cultivation trough 2 is flat and has a certain slope. It has a water inlet at one end and a drain at the bottom of the other end.

[0072] To facilitate the overall transport of the hydroponic cultivation rack, casters are provided at the bottom of each support frame 1 and nutrient solution tank 3.

[0073] The nutrient solution tank 3 measures 100cm x 60cm x 80cm and is made of 304 stainless steel, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free. To ensure that the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 is maintained within the optimal temperature range required for the growth of wild celery for a long time, a 20mm thick layer of rubber and plastic insulation cotton 21 is placed on the outside of the nutrient solution tank 3 to ensure that the temperature of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 is maintained at a level suitable for the growth of wild celery for a long time.

[0074] An ultraviolet (UV) sterilizer 5 is installed on the inlet pipe connected to the nutrient solution tank 3. Water pump 4 draws water from the nutrient solution tank 3, passes it through the UV sterilizer 5 on the inlet pipe, and then transports it to each layer of cultivation trough 2 via the PPR inlet pipe 6, preventing water pollution from affecting the quality of the wild celery. A disc filter 24 and a UV sterilizer 5 are installed on the drain pipe connected to the nutrient solution tank 3. The nutrient solution is filtered through the disc filter 24 to remove impurities and particles, then sterilized by the UV sterilizer 5, and returned to the nutrient solution tank 3 for reuse, effectively avoiding resource waste and reducing cultivation costs. The UV sterilizer 5 is a Lingzhuo UV-LZC UV sterilizer.

[0075] like Figure 5As shown, each cultivation tank 2 is equipped with a water level limit probe 16. When the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank 2 is lower than the water level limit probe 16, the water level limit probe 16 sends an electrical signal to the controller. The controller controls the inlet solenoid valve 13 to open according to the signal, and at the same time controls the water pump 4 to open, drawing nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank 3 and replenishing the nutrient solution through the PPR inlet pipe 6 and the inlet PVC hose 7. When the nutrient solution is higher than the water level limit probe 16, it sends an electrical signal to the controller again, and the controller closes the inlet solenoid valve 13 and the water pump 4. It is important to note that the water level limit probes 16 and inlet solenoid valves 13 of each cultivation trough 2 are connected in series, and the inlet solenoid valves 13 are connected in parallel with the water pump 4. This ensures that the water pump 4 is in the open state whenever any cultivation trough 2 needs to be replenished with nutrient solution. At the same time, only the inlet solenoid valves 13 of cultivation trough 2 where the nutrient solution level is lower than the water level limit probe 16 are in the open state, while the inlet solenoid valves 13 of other cultivation trough 2 that are not short of water are in the closed state. This allows nutrient solution to be replenished only to cultivation trough 2 that are short of water, avoiding the overflow of nutrient solution from cultivation trough 2 that are not short of water, which would pollute the cultivation environment and waste resources.

[0076] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the three-dimensional cultivation system of this utility model is equipped with a drain outlet solenoid valve 25 at the drain outlet of each cultivation trough 2, and a timer 23 is set and connected to the drain outlet solenoid valve 25 of each cultivation trough 2. By preset the timer 23, the drain outlet solenoid valve 25 of each cultivation trough 2 is controlled to open and close according to a fixed cycle, so as to replace the nutrient solution in the cultivation trough 2, so as to ensure that the nutrient solution in the cultivation trough is rich in nutrients and promote the growth and development of celery.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper part of the cultivation trough 2 of this utility model is provided with a water inlet, and the drain outlet is located below the cultivation trough 2 with a certain slope to ensure smooth and thorough drainage. The water pipe is made of PVC flexible hose, which not only facilitates later maintenance and cleaning, but also facilitates water pipe sealing to prevent nutrient solution leakage during drainage. The opening and closing of the nutrient solution supply system is automatically controlled by the water level limit probe 16 in the cultivation trough 2, realizing the automated management of the nutrient solution supply system, reducing energy and water waste, saving labor, and avoiding unnecessary losses due to untimely personnel inspection. It should be noted that a removable planting board 14 is covered on the upper surface of the cultivation trough 2 to facilitate the transplanting of wild celery. According to the biological characteristics and morphological features of wild celery, the distance between the planting holes is reasonably set, with the hole spacing set at 8cm and the row spacing set at 10cm. During planting, the base of the seedling is wrapped with a planting sponge 15 and inserted into the planting hole to fix the seedling.

[0078] like Figure 6As shown, this cultivation system is equipped with red and blue light supplemental lighting to promote the growth of wild celery and improve its quality. A light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11 are installed on the inner wall of the support frame 1 above the uppermost cultivation trough 2. Light sensors 10 and artificial LED light sources 11 are also installed on the inner wall of the support frame 1 between every other two cultivation troughs 2, providing suitable lighting conditions to meet the growth and development needs of the wild celery in the lower cultivation troughs 2. It should be noted that all artificial LED light sources 11 use LED light sources. Because LED light sources are cold light sources, they will not scorch the wild celery during supplemental lighting and can effectively improve the light energy utilization rate of the wild celery. The artificial LED light source 11 uses 630nm-660nm red light and 440nm-470nm blue light in a 7:5 ratio. According to the light requirements of different growth and development stages of wild celery, the DMX512 dimming control module 17 can provide light sources with different red and blue light ratios at different growth and development stages of wild celery to promote the growth of wild celery and achieve the purpose of increasing yield and improving quality. A power switch is connected to the DMX512 module 17. Based on the growth characteristics of wild celery, three buttons (A, B, and C) are set to adjust the red-blue light ratio at different growth and development stages. For example, within 10 days of transplanting, a 7:1 red-blue light ratio is used for supplemental lighting, which promotes rapid growth of the stems and leaves. From 10 to 20 days, the blue light ratio is appropriately increased to a 7:3 red-blue light ratio. After 20 days, the red light ratio is appropriately reduced and the blue light ratio is increased to a 3:5 red-blue light ratio. The DMX dimming control module uses digital dimming, which has advantages such as precise dimming, stable and smooth operation, and high signal reliability. Its specific working principle is as follows:

[0079] DMX dimming modules transmit signals via data cables. Each lighting device connected to a DMX dimming module has a unique DMX address. The DMX signal consists of multiple data frames, each containing 512 bytes. The value of each byte ranges from 0 to 255, representing 0% to 100% of the light brightness. The lighting control console or computer software generates control signals, which are transmitted to the lighting device via the data cable. The device adjusts the lighting parameters based on the received signals, such as turning the lights on and off or adjusting the brightness.

[0080] Automatic control system: At the water inlet, the water level limit probe 16 sends an electrical signal to the controller. The controller determines whether to start or stop the solenoid valve 13 and the water pump 4 based on the high or low level of the signal. When the water level is lower than the preset water level threshold, the probe outputs a signal. After receiving the signal, the controller activates the water pump 4 to pump water. When the water level reaches the water level threshold, the probe outputs a different signal, and the controller shuts off the water pump 4 to prevent the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank 2 from overflowing.

[0081] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the nutrient solution tank 3 of this utility model is equipped with an EC value detector 8, a temperature detector 9, and a display 19. The EC value and temperature of the nutrient solution in the tank 3 are detected and displayed on the display 19. By opening the sliding cover 20 on top of the nutrient solution tank 3, the concentration and temperature of the nutrient solution can be adjusted according to the parameters displayed on the display 19 until the values ​​on the display 19 meet the growth needs of the wild celery. This achieves precise adjustment of the nutrient solution ratio in the tank 3, ensuring that the various nutrients and concentrations required by the wild celery at different growth and development stages are met. The temperature detector 9 detects and precisely controls the nutrient solution temperature. Combined with the rubber and plastic insulation cotton 21 on the outside of the nutrient solution tank 3, this ensures that the nutrient solution in the tank 3 is maintained at the optimal temperature level for the growth and development of the wild celery for a long time, achieving efficient and high-quality production. It should be noted that the sliding cover 20 slides on the nutrient solution tank 3 via a sliding rail and is normally closed to prevent contamination of the water and nutrient solution in the tank 3 during daily production.

[0082] like Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the three-dimensional cultivation support frame 1 of this utility model is provided with several layers of cultivation troughs 2. Each cultivation trough 2 has a fixing clamp 22 at both ends, and the two ends of the cultivation trough 2 are fixed to the corresponding two support tubes of the support frame 1 by the fixing clamp 22. The spacing between each cultivation trough 2 is adjusted by locking the fixing clamp 22 to meet the growth space needs of the wild celery, allowing the wild celery plants to grow more leaves and stems, thereby increasing yield, and at the same time, it also serves as a fixing and limiting function.

[0083] In the three-dimensional cultivation system described in this utility model, since the cultivation trough 2 can be moved up and down to adjust the spacing, the water pipes connected to the inlet solenoid valve 13 and the outlet solenoid valve 25 are all made of PVC flexible hoses to avoid affecting the up and down movement of the cultivation trough 2. The remaining inlet and outlet pipes are all made of PPR water pipes, which can serve to fix the solenoid valves.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] This embodiment provides a three-dimensional hydroponic cultivation rack for wild celery, used indoors, maintaining a room temperature of 20℃ to 25℃. To determine the most suitable nutrient solution for three-dimensional hydroponic cultivation of wild celery, this invention compares four nutrient solution formulas: C1, C2, C3, and C4, as detailed below:

[0086]

[0087] The trace element formula is a general formula:

[0088]

[0089] The equipment used, such as Figure 1As shown, the three-dimensional cultivation support frame 1 has four layers of cultivation troughs 2. A light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11 are installed on the inner wall of the support frame 1 above the top cultivation trough 2. Light sensors 10 and artificial LED light sources 11 are also installed on the inner wall of the support frame 1 between every other two cultivation troughs 2. The nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 is transported to each cultivation trough 2 through a water pump 4, an ultraviolet sterilizer 5, and then through a PPR inlet pipe 6. It then flows through a PPR drain pipe 12 and a disc filter 25 to remove impurities and particles. After being sterilized by the ultraviolet sterilizer 5, it is returned to the nutrient solution tank 3 for reuse, reducing cultivation costs. The ultraviolet sterilizer 5 is a Lingzhuo UV-LZC ultraviolet sterilizer.

[0090] Wrap the base of the rhizome of the wild celery seedlings with planting sponge 15, then place them into the planting holes of the planting plate 14 covering the upper surface of the cultivation trough 2, with 3 wild celery seedlings per hole, a hole spacing of 8 cm, and a row spacing of 10 cm. Within 10 days of planting, the nutrient solution concentration should be 1 / 4 of the standard concentration of the above nutrient solution formula; from 10 to 20 days, the nutrient solution concentration should be 1 / 2 of the standard concentration of the above nutrient solution formula; after 20 days, the nutrient solution concentration should be adjusted to the standard concentration of the above nutrient solution formula.

[0091] like Figure 8 As shown, the three-dimensional cultivation system of this utility model is equipped with a water level limit probe 16 in each cultivation tank 2. When the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank 2 is lower than the water level limit probe 16, the water level limit probe 16 sends an electrical signal to the controller. The controller controls the inlet solenoid valve 13 to open and simultaneously controls the water pump 4 to start, drawing nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank and replenishing the nutrient solution through the PPR inlet pipe 6 and the inlet PVC hose 7. When the nutrient solution is higher than the water level limit probe 16, it sends an electrical signal again, and the controller closes the inlet solenoid valve 13 and the water pump 4. It is important to note that the water level limit probes 16 and inlet solenoid valves 13 of each cultivation trough 2 are connected in series, and the inlet solenoid valves 13 are connected in parallel with the water pump 4. This ensures that the water pump 4 is in the open state whenever any cultivation trough 2 needs to be replenished with nutrient solution. At the same time, only the inlet solenoid valves 13 of cultivation trough 2 where the nutrient solution level is lower than the water level limit probe 16 are in the open state, while the inlet solenoid valves 13 of other cultivation trough 2 that are not short of water are in the closed state. This allows nutrient solution to be replenished only to cultivation trough 2 that are short of water, avoiding the overflow of nutrient solution from cultivation trough 2 that are not short of water, which would pollute the cultivation environment and waste resources.

[0092] like Figure 1 , Figure 9As shown, in the three-dimensional cultivation system of this utility model, since the cultivation trough 2 can be moved up and down to adjust the spacing, the water pipes connecting the inlet and outlet to the solenoid valve 13 are all made of PVC flexible hose 7 to avoid affecting the up and down movement of the cultivation trough. The remaining inlet and outlet pipes are all made of PPR water pipes, which can serve to fix the solenoid valve.

[0093] like Figure 4 As shown, the three-dimensional cultivation system of this utility model is equipped with a solenoid valve 25 at the drain outlet of each cultivation trough 2, and a timer 23 is connected to the solenoid valve 25 at the drain outlet of each cultivation trough 2. By presetting the timer 23, the solenoid valve 25 at the drain outlet of each cultivation trough 2 is controlled to open and close periodically according to the different growth cycles of the wild celery. Within 10 days after transplanting, the wild celery seedlings absorb less nutrients, so the valve is opened for 20 seconds every 20 minutes; from 10 to 20 days, it is opened for 20 seconds every 15 minutes; after 20 days, it is opened for 20 seconds every 10 minutes, thereby achieving the purpose of replacing the nutrient solution in the cultivation trough 2, so as to ensure sufficient nutrients in the nutrient solution in the cultivation trough and promote the growth and development of wild celery.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper part of the cultivation trough 2 of this utility model is provided with a water inlet, and the drain outlet is located below the cultivation trough 2 with a certain slope to ensure smooth and thorough drainage. The water pipe is made of PVC flexible hose, which not only facilitates later maintenance and cleaning, but also facilitates water pipe sealing to prevent nutrient solution leakage during drainage. The opening and closing of the nutrient solution supply system is automatically controlled by the water level limit probe 16 in the cultivation trough 2, realizing the automated management of the nutrient solution supply system, reducing energy and water waste, saving labor, and avoiding unnecessary losses due to untimely personnel inspection. It should be noted that a planting board 14 is covered on the upper surface of the cultivation trough 2. According to the biological characteristics and morphological features of wild celery, the distance between the planting holes is reasonably set, with the hole spacing set to 8cm and the row spacing set to 10cm. During planting, the base of the seedling rootstock is wrapped with a planting sponge 15 and stuffed into the planting hole to fix the seedling. Three wild celery seedlings are placed in each planting hole.

[0095] like Figure 6As shown, the inner wall of the support frame 1 above the uppermost cultivation trough 2 of this invention is equipped with a light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11. The inner wall of the support frame 1 between every other two cultivation troughs 2 is also equipped with a light sensor 10 and an artificial LED light source 11. The LED beads of the artificial LED light source 11 all use 630nm-660nm red light and 440nm-470nm blue light, configured in a 7:5 ratio. Based on the growth characteristics of wild celery, the artificial light source power switch 18... Three switches, A, B, and C, are set up. The DMX dimming control system module 17 adjusts the red-blue light ratio at different growth and development stages of the wild celery. For example, within 10 days of transplanting, a 7:1 red-blue light ratio is used for supplemental lighting, which promotes rapid growth of the stems and leaves. From 10 to 20 days, the blue light ratio is appropriately increased to a 7:3 red-blue light ratio. After 20 days, the red light ratio is appropriately reduced and the blue light ratio is increased to a 3:5 red-blue light ratio. When the sunlight intensity is lower than the preset minimum light intensity, the light sensor 10 emits a warning sound, prompting the staff to turn on the artificial LED light source 11 to supplement the cultivation trough 2. The red-blue light ratio is adjusted using the three preset power switches (A, B, and C) of the artificial LED light source to meet the light requirements of each growth and development stage of the wild celery, promoting its growth and thus increasing its yield and improving its quality.

[0096] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the nutrient solution tank 3 of this utility model is equipped with an EC value detector 8, a temperature detector 9 and a display 19. By detecting the nutrient solution ratio data and temperature in the nutrient solution tank 3, the values ​​are displayed on the display 19. Figure 8 As shown, by opening the sliding cover 20 on top of the nutrient solution tank 3, the nutrient solution concentration, temperature, and other parameters can be adjusted according to the nutrient solution parameters displayed on the monitor 19 until the values ​​on the monitor 19 meet the growth needs of the wild celery. This achieves precise adjustment of the nutrient solution ratio in the nutrient solution tank 3, ensuring that the various nutrients and concentrations required by the wild celery at different growth and development stages are met. The temperature of the nutrient solution is monitored by the temperature detector 9 for precise control. Combined with the rubber and plastic insulation cotton 21 covering the outside of the nutrient solution tank 3, this ensures that the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 is maintained at the optimal temperature level for the growth and development of the wild celery for a long time, achieving efficient and high-quality production. It should be noted that the sliding cover 20 is normally closed to prevent contamination of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 during daily production.

[0097] like Figure 1 and Figure 9As shown, the three-dimensional cultivation support frame 1 of this utility model has four layers of cultivation troughs 2. Each cultivation trough 2 has a fixing clamp 22 at both ends, and the two ends of each cultivation trough 2 are fixed to two corresponding support tubes of the support frame 1 by the fixing clamp 22. The spacing between each cultivation trough 2 is adjusted by locking the fixing clamp 22 to meet the growth space needs of the wild celery, allowing the wild celery plants to grow more leaves and stems, thereby increasing yield, and simultaneously serving as a fixing and limiting function.

[0098] Comparison of experimental results between vertical cultivation system and open field cultivation of wild celery:

[0099] The three-dimensional cultivation system for wild celery described in this invention was used to cultivate wild celery indoors at 20℃ to 25℃. Four different nutrient solution formulas were used, and the results were compared with those of conventionally cultivated wild celery in open fields. Various physiological indicators of the wild celery were tested after 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 days of cultivation. The four nutrient solution formulas used for the three-dimensional cultivation of wild celery were C1, C2, C3, and C4, while the formula used for the open-field cultivation was CK. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 10 ;

[0100] Depend on Figure 10 It can be seen that at 10 days after transplanting, C2>C3>C1>C4>CK; at 30 days, C2>C3>C1>CK>C4; at 50 days, the plant height of C2 and C3 treatments was 12.74% and 8.55% higher than that of CK treatment, respectively, with C2 treatment reaching a height of 29.44 cm and CK treatment reaching only 26.11 cm.

[0101] Depend on Figure 11 It can be seen that the stem diameter of the C2 treatment was always greater than that of the other treatments, while the stem diameter of the CK treatment was the smallest. At 40 days after transplanting, the order was C2>C3>C1>C4>CK; at 50 days after transplanting, the stem diameter of the C2 treatment was the largest, at 2.54 mm, while the stem diameter of the CK treatment was the smallest, at 2.25 mm.

[0102] Depend on Figure 12 , Figure 13 It can be seen that at 10 days after transplanting, there was little difference in the dry and fresh weight of the aboveground parts of different treatments; at 30 days, the dry and fresh weight of the aboveground parts of the C2 treatment was slightly higher than that of the other treatments, while the dry and fresh weight of the CK treatment was the lowest; at 50 days, the dry and fresh weight of the aboveground parts of the C2 treatment was significantly greater than that of the other treatments, indicating that the nutrient solution of the C2 treatment was more conducive to the accumulation of dry matter in wild celery.

[0103] Depend on Figure 14It can be seen that the total chlorophyll content under different treatments showed a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing. At 10 days after transplanting, the differences between the treatments were not significant. At 40 days, chlorophyll accumulation was rapid in treatments C2 and C3, exceeding the control (CK) treatment by 31.14% and 26.35%, respectively. At 50 days, the total chlorophyll content in treatments C2 and C3 was significantly higher than other treatments, exceeding the CK treatment by 29.27% ​​and 25.61%, respectively. This indicates that the total chlorophyll content of *Cyperus rotundus* in treatment C2 was higher than in other treatments.

[0104] Table 6. Effects of different nutrient solution formulations and cultivation conditions on the quality of wild celery.

[0105]

[0106] As shown in Table 6, the vitamin C content of C2 treatment was 92.78 mg / 100g. -1 The C2 treatment was significantly higher than other treatments, exceeding the CK treatment by 9.46%, indicating that the nutrient solution formula of the C2 treatment was more conducive to the accumulation of vitamin C in wild celery. The soluble protein content was C2>C3>C1>CK>C4, and the soluble sugar content was C2>C3>C1>CK>C4. There was no significant difference in cellulose content among the different treatments.

[0107] Table 7. Effects of different nutrient solution formulations and cultivation conditions on the yield of wild celery per mu (unit of land area).

[0108]

[0109] As shown in Table 7, after conversion to yield per mu, compared with the CK treatment, the yield of wild celery in the single-layer cultivation trough of the C2 treatment was 1647.70 kg / 667㎡, which was 16.02% higher than that of the CK treatment. This indicates that the nutrient solution formula of the C2 treatment is beneficial to increasing the yield of wild celery. Moreover, since the cultivation method adopted is three-dimensional soilless cultivation, the more layers of cultivation troughs per unit land area, the higher the yield.

[0110] The results above show that the C2-treatment nutrient solution formula used in the three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery described in this invention has significant advantages over other nutrient solution formulas and conventional open-field cultivation. The plant height, above-ground dry and fresh weight, total chlorophyll content, vitamin C, soluble protein, and soluble sugar are all higher than in other treatments. In conclusion, the C2-treatment nutrient solution formula used in the three-dimensional soilless cultivation system of this invention can improve the yield and quality of wild celery, contributing to the high-quality and efficient production of wild celery.

[0111] This utility model takes into account the advantages of the three-dimensional soilless cultivation system, such as high land utilization rate and high yield per unit area. It makes full use of the space of the cultivation rack to improve land utilization rate. At the same time, it makes full use of the combination of automated control and human operation of resources such as water, fertilizer and light to achieve a comprehensive improvement in the yield and quality of celery. The whole set of equipment has higher integration and is conducive to reducing production costs and facilitating later operation and maintenance management.

[0112] The specific embodiments described above are only for illustrating the technical route and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model. However, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any changes and modifications made without departing from the technical route and features of this utility model are covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery, characterized in that, Includes a support frame (1), a cultivation trough (2), a nutrient solution tank (3), a water pump (4), an ultraviolet sterilizer (5), a light sensor (10), an artificial LED light source (11), an inlet solenoid valve (13), a disc filter (24), and an outlet solenoid valve (25); wherein: The support frame (1) is provided with multiple cultivation troughs (2) from top to bottom. The support frame (1) above the uppermost cultivation trough (2) is provided with a light sensor (10) and an artificial LED light source (11). The support frame (1) between every two cultivation troughs (2) is also provided with a light sensor (10) and an artificial LED light source (11). The outlet of the nutrient solution tank (3) is connected to the inlet of the water pump (4), the outlet of the water pump (4) is connected to the PPR water inlet pipe (6), and the PPR water inlet pipe (6) is equipped with an ultraviolet sterilizer (5). The PPR water inlet pipe (6) is connected to the inlet of each cultivation trough (2) through the inlet PVC hose (7), and each inlet PVC hose (7) is equipped with an inlet solenoid valve (13). The return water inlet of the nutrient solution tank (3) is connected to the outlet of the disc filter (24) through a pipe, and an ultraviolet sterilizer (5) is installed on the pipe. The inlet of the disc filter (24) is connected to the PPR drain pipe (26). The PPR drain pipe (26) is connected to the drain outlet of each cultivation trough (2) through a drain outlet PVC hose (12), and a drain outlet solenoid valve (25) is installed on each drain outlet PVC hose (12). An EC value detector (8) and a temperature detector (9) are installed in the nutrient solution tank (3).

2. The three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation trough (2) is equipped with fixing clamps (22) at both ends, and the two ends of the cultivation trough (2) are fixed to the two corresponding support pipes of the support frame (1) by fixing clamps (22).

3. The three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each cultivation trough (2) has a planting plate (14) on its upper surface, and each cultivation trough (2) has a water level limiting probe (16) inside.

4. The three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a timer (23), wherein each drain outlet solenoid valve (25) is electrically connected to the timer (23).

5. The three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the support frame (1) and the nutrient solution tank (3) are respectively equipped with casters.

6. The three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient solution tank (3) is covered with rubber and plastic insulation cotton (21), and the top of the nutrient solution tank (3) is provided with a sliding cover plate (20).

7. The three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The artificial LED light source (11) is a plate-type light source. The light source plate is provided with multiple red LED beads and multiple blue LED beads, and the two ends of the light source plate are respectively fixed on the front and rear support tubes on both sides of the support frame (1).

8. The three-dimensional soilless cultivation system for wild celery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultraviolet sterilizer (5) is a Lingzhuo UV-LZC ultraviolet sterilizer.

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