High-safety fused salt storage tank

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of energy storage equipment, and particularly discloses a high-safety fused salt storage tank which comprises a heat preservation shell and a fused salt storage area formed by the inner space of the heat preservation shell, a first opening is formed in the upper end of the heat preservation shell, and a second opening is formed in the lower end of the heat preservation shell; the fused salt storage area is sequentially divided into a first cache area, a hollow storage area and a second cache area from top to bottom, and porous media are arranged in the first cache area and the second cache area respectively. The porous medium is arranged in the fused salt storage area to form the first buffer area and the second buffer area, the flow speed of the fused salt can be effectively reduced, a stable laminar flow state is formed, the eddy current and boundary effect are reduced, the fused salt enters the next area in a stable state, meanwhile, the hollow storage area serves as a core storage area and can contain a large amount of fused salt, and the storage efficiency is improved. And stable heat distribution is kept in the area, the phenomenon of uneven heat caused by heat convection is reduced, and then the stability of the fused salt storage tank is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy storage equipment, and more specifically, relates to a highly safe molten salt storage tank. Background Technology

[0002] Molten salt storage tanks are important equipment for storing high-temperature thermal energy and are widely used in fields such as solar power generation and industrial waste heat utilization. However, existing molten salt storage tanks generally have the following problems: (1) The flow of molten salt is unstable, and eddies are easily generated in the tank, which affects the uniform distribution of heat and aggravates the boundary effect; (2) The safety is insufficient, and the tank material and structural design are prone to failure due to long-term thermal fatigue, which increases the risk of leakage; (3) The insulation performance is poor, and the insulation layer design does not fully consider the gas flow and the thermal conductivity of the material, resulting in a large heat loss. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the deficiencies or improvement needs of the existing technology, this application provides a highly safe molten salt storage tank, which aims to solve the problems of poor stability, insufficient safety and poor thermal insulation performance of existing molten salt storage tanks.

[0004] This application provides a high-safety molten salt storage tank, specifically including an insulated shell and a molten salt storage area formed by the internal space of the insulated shell. The upper end of the insulated shell is provided with a first opening, and the lower end of the insulated shell is provided with a second opening. Both the first opening and the second opening are connected to the molten salt storage area. The molten salt storage area is divided into a first buffer area, a hollow storage area and a second buffer area from top to bottom. The interior of the first buffer area and the second buffer area are respectively provided with porous media.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution conceived in this application can effectively reduce the molten salt flow rate and form a stable laminar flow state by setting porous media inside the first and second buffer areas, thereby reducing eddies and boundary effects and improving the stability of the molten salt storage tank.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, the diameter of the first buffer area gradually decreases along the direction close to the first opening, and the diameter of the second buffer area gradually decreases along the direction close to the second opening.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the first opening and the second opening are respectively provided with guide plates.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the ratio of the diameter of the first opening and the second opening to the diameter of the hollow storage area is 3:4 to 9:10.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the heights of the first buffer area and the second buffer area are 3 / 10 to 2 / 5 of the height of the molten salt storage area, respectively.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the heat-insulating shell includes, from the outside to the inside, an outer wall, a first partition, and a second partition. A supporting heat-insulating layer is formed between the outer wall and the first partition, and refractory bricks are disposed inside the supporting heat-insulating layer. A gas heat-insulating layer is formed between the first partition and the second partition for introducing circulating inert gas for heat preservation.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the outer wall, the first partition, and the second partition are made of stainless steel.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the second partition is provided with an aerogel coating on the side near the gas insulation layer.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the outer wall is covered with a ceramic fiber insulation board on the side near the supporting insulation layer.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the thickness of the gas insulation layer is 15mm to 20mm, and the thickness of the central region of the supporting insulation layer is 70mm to 100mm.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following main technical advantages:

[0016] 1. This application, by setting porous media in the molten salt storage area to form a first buffer area and a second buffer area, can effectively reduce the molten salt flow rate and form a stable laminar flow state, reduce eddies and boundary effects, and allow the molten salt to enter the next area in a stable state. At the same time, the hollow storage area, as the core storage area, can accommodate a large amount of molten salt and maintain a stable heat distribution in this area, reducing the uneven heat phenomenon caused by heat convection, thereby effectively improving the stability of the molten salt storage tank.

[0017] 2. In particular, this application designs the first and second buffer areas as variable diameter structures, which can disperse stress concentration points, enhance the adaptability of the molten salt storage tank to thermal stress and mechanical loads, and effectively avoid material cracking or deformation caused by stress concentration during long-term high-temperature operation, thereby improving the safety of the molten salt storage tank.

[0018] 3. At the same time, this application optimizes the structure of the insulation shell by using a support insulation layer with internal refractory bricks and a gas insulation layer with circulating inert gas, which can effectively improve the insulation performance of the molten salt storage tank and thus avoid thermal damage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a highly safe molten salt storage tank provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a simulation diagram of the highly safe molten salt storage tank provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0022] 1-First opening, 2-Gas insulation layer, 3-Supporting insulation layer, 4-Hollow storage area, 5-First buffer area, 6-Second buffer area, 7-Second opening, 8-Second partition, 9-First partition, 10-Outer wall. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a highly safe molten salt storage tank, specifically including an insulated shell and a molten salt storage area formed by the internal space of the insulated shell. The upper end of the insulated shell is provided with a first opening 1, and the lower end of the insulated shell is provided with a second opening 7. Both the first opening 1 and the second opening 7 are connected to the molten salt storage area. During the heat storage process, the first opening 1 serves as an inlet for injecting molten salt, and the second opening 7 serves as an outlet for discharging molten salt. During the heat release process, the second opening 7 serves as an inlet for injecting cold molten salt, and the first opening 1 serves as an outlet for discharging the initial hot molten salt in the tank.

[0025] The molten salt storage area is divided into a first buffer zone 5, a hollow storage zone 4, and a second buffer zone 6 from top to bottom. The first buffer zone 5 is connected to the first opening 1, and the second buffer zone 6 is connected to the second opening 7. These buffer zones provide buffer space for the flow of molten salt in the molten salt storage area. The interiors of the first buffer zone 5 and the second buffer zone 6 are respectively equipped with porous media, which can effectively reduce the molten salt flow rate and form a stable laminar flow state, reduce eddies and boundary effects, thereby improving the stability of the molten salt storage tank. The hollow storage zone 4 is hollow inside and is used to provide a large storage area for the molten salt storage area.

[0026] Furthermore, the diameter of the first buffer zone 5 gradually decreases along the direction approaching the first opening 1, and the diameter of the second buffer zone 6 gradually decreases along the direction approaching the second opening 7. This allows the molten salt storage area to smoothly transition and connect with the first opening 1 and the second opening 7, avoiding the eddy current phenomenon commonly seen in right-angle connections. This maintains the laminar flow state of the fluid, thereby improving the stability of the molten salt storage tank. Simultaneously, the arc-shaped regions of the first buffer zone 5 and the second buffer zone 6 disperse stress concentration points, enhancing the molten salt storage tank's adaptability to thermal stress and mechanical loads. Especially during long-term high-temperature operation, this effectively prevents material cracking or deformation caused by stress concentration, thus enhancing structural safety.

[0027] Furthermore, the first opening 1 and the second opening 7 are respectively equipped with guide plates, which can make the molten salt flow more smoothly, reduce eddy current effects and boundary layer disturbances, and further improve the stability of the molten salt storage tank.

[0028] Furthermore, the ratio of the diameters of the first opening 1 and the second opening 7 to the diameter of the hollow storage area 4 is 3:4 to 9:10. If this ratio is too small, the diameter of the inlet or outlet will be too small, increasing the flow velocity of the molten salt and thus exacerbating turbulence, affecting the laminar flow state, and causing eddies to form when the molten salt enters and exits the molten salt tank, increasing the boundary effect. If this ratio is too large, the diameter of the inlet or outlet will be too large, causing uneven distribution of molten salt, and even forming local cooling when the flow velocity is too slow, affecting the overall heat exchange efficiency and the stability of the molten salt tank. The heights of the first buffer area 5 and the second buffer area 6 are 3 / 10 to 2 / 5 of the height of the molten salt storage area, respectively. If this ratio is too small, the height of the first buffer area 5 and the second buffer area 6 will be insufficient, unable to reduce the molten salt flow velocity, thus exacerbating the fluid turbulence problem. If this ratio is too large, the height of the first buffer area 5 and the second buffer area 6 will be too high, wasting effective molten salt storage space and reducing the capacity utilization rate of the molten salt tank.

[0029] Furthermore, the insulation shell, from the outside to the inside, includes an outer wall 10, a first partition 9, and a second partition 8. A supporting insulation layer 3 is formed between the outer wall 10 and the first partition 9, and the interior of this supporting insulation layer is lined with refractory bricks, which can enhance the supporting performance while reducing heat loss. A gas insulation layer 2 is formed between the first partition 9 and the second partition 8. One end of the gas insulation layer 2 is provided with a gas inlet for introducing inert gas for insulation, and the other end is provided with a gas outlet for discharging the inert gas and reintroducing it into the gas insulation layer 2 through the gas inlet, thereby circulating inert gas in the gas insulation layer 2 for insulation. The outer wall 10, the first partition 9, and the second partition 8 are made of high-strength 316L stainless steel. Furthermore, through optimized partition design, the thermal fatigue resistance of the molten salt storage tank can be significantly improved, extending the service life of the molten salt storage tank.

[0030] Furthermore, an aerogel coating is provided on the side of the second partition 8 near the gas insulation layer 2. By using circulating inert gas in conjunction with the aerogel coating, heat loss can be significantly reduced, thus improving the thermal efficiency of the molten salt storage tank compared to existing technologies. Ceramic fiber insulation board is laid on the side of the outer wall 10 near the supporting insulation layer 3 to ensure the structural strength and long-term stability of the outer wall 10.

[0031] Furthermore, the thickness of the gas insulation layer 2 is 15mm to 20mm. If the gas insulation layer 2 is too thin, it will lead to increased heat conduction, failing to adequately block heat transfer and reducing the insulation effect. If the gas insulation layer 2 is too thick, it will cause excessive turbulence in the inert gas flow, leading to increased convection, which will actually reduce the insulation efficiency. It will also increase the overall size of the molten salt tank, affecting design compactness and unnecessarily increasing material and construction costs. The thickness of the central area of ​​the supporting insulation layer 3 is 70mm to 100mm. If the thickness of the central area of ​​the supporting insulation layer 3 is too small, it will result in insufficient insulation performance, significantly increasing heat loss to the outer wall, especially under high temperature conditions of 200℃ to 600℃. It will also make the supporting insulation layer 3 insufficient in strength, unable to effectively support the structure and cope with long-term thermal expansion stress. If the thickness of the central area of ​​the supporting insulation layer 3 is too large, although it will slightly improve the insulation effect, it will significantly occupy the effective volume of the molten salt tank, wasting internal space and increasing the tank weight and material costs.

[0032] Figure 2 These are simulation renderings of the high-safety molten salt storage tank provided in this application. Figure 2 It can be seen that when the temperature of the inert gas increases, the temperature changes with the circulation flow stabilize, resulting in low heat loss, a small heat transfer range, and stable laminar flow of molten salt, which leads to higher energy storage efficiency.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of this application, both the first buffer zone 5 and the second buffer zone 6 include a variable diameter portion and a constant diameter portion. The height of the variable diameter portion is 150 mm to optimize the molten salt flow path and reduce fluid disturbance caused by diameter changes. The diameters of the first opening 1 and the second opening 7 are both 150 mm. The sum of the height of the constant diameter portion in the first buffer zone 5 and the second buffer zone 6 and the height of the hollow storage zone 4 is 500 mm. The diameter of the hollow storage zone 4 is 200 mm, providing the main pure molten salt storage space. The heights of the first buffer zone 5 and the second buffer zone 6 are 200 mm. The thickness of the gas insulation layer 2 is 20 mm. The thickness of the top and bottom of the supporting insulation layer 3 is 95 mm, and the thickness of the middle layer is 70 mm. The thickness of the outer wall 10 is 3 mm, and a 2 mm thick ceramic fiber insulation board is laid on the inner side. The thickness of the first partition 9 is 5 mm, the thickness of the second partition 8 is 3 mm, and a 2 mm aerogel coating is attached to the side near the gas insulation layer 2.

[0034] It should be understood that expressions such as "comprising" and "may include" as used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "comprising" and / or "having" may be interpreted as indicating a specific characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A highly safe molten salt storage tank, characterized in that, It includes an insulating shell and a molten salt storage area formed by the internal space of the insulating shell. The upper end of the insulating shell is provided with a first opening (1) and the lower end of the insulating shell is provided with a second opening (7). The first opening (1) and the second opening (7) are both connected to the molten salt storage area. The molten salt storage area is divided into a first buffer area (5), a hollow storage area (4) and a second buffer area (6) from top to bottom. The first buffer area (5) and the second buffer area (6) are respectively provided with porous media inside.

2. The molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first buffer area (5) gradually decreases along the direction close to the first opening (1), and the diameter of the second buffer area (6) gradually decreases along the direction close to the second opening (7).

3. The molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first opening (1) and the second opening (7) are respectively provided with guide plates.

4. The molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter of the first opening (1) and the second opening (7) to the diameter of the hollow storage area (4) is 3:4 to 9:

10.

5. The molten salt storage tank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heights of the first buffer area (5) and the second buffer area (6) are 3 / 10 to 2 / 5 of the height of the molten salt storage area, respectively.

6. The molten salt storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The insulation shell includes an outer wall (10), a first partition (9) and a second partition (8) from the outside to the inside. A supporting insulation layer (3) is formed between the outer wall (10) and the first partition (9), and refractory bricks are provided inside the supporting insulation layer (3). A gas insulation layer (2) is formed between the first partition (9) and the second partition (8) for introducing circulating inert gas for insulation.

7. The molten salt storage tank as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer wall (10), the first partition (9), and the second partition (8) are made of stainless steel.

8. The molten salt storage tank as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second partition (8) is provided with an aerogel coating on the side near the gas insulation layer (2).

9. The molten salt storage tank as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer wall (10) is covered with ceramic fiber insulation board on the side near the supporting insulation layer (3).

10. The molten salt storage tank according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the gas insulation layer (2) is 15mm to 20mm, and the thickness of the central region of the supporting insulation layer (3) is 70mm to 100mm.

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