Variable-section turbocharger

Abstract

The turbocharger comprises a central shell and a turbine cover which are fixed in a butt joint mode, a nozzle ring assembly is arranged between the central shell and the turbine cover and comprises a base, a chassis is fixedly connected to one axial end face of the base, and the side wall of the chassis is supported in the inner side end face of the turbine cover through a sealing piece. One end of the base is arranged on the surface, facing outwards in the radial direction, of the central shell in a sleeving mode, the other end of the base protrudes inwards in the radial direction to form a press-fit part, an elastic protection assembly is arranged between the press-fit part and the central shell and drives the base to abut against the turbine cover, and a gap is formed between the chassis and the turbine cover. The problem that parts are damaged due to the fact that a nozzle ring base plate of an existing partial variable-section turbocharger is positioned at a turbine shell and the turbine shell extrudes the base plate after being heated and deformed is solved, the defects that precision is reduced and efficiency is affected due to a common gap amplification method are overcome, and reliability and performance of the turbocharger are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a variable geometry turbocharger. Background Technology

[0002] A turbocharger is used to increase the intake air volume of an internal combustion engine and mainly consists of a turbine, compressor, and intermediate components. The turbine section includes a turbine impeller and turbine housing; the impeller is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy and is driven by engine exhaust gases. The compressor, containing a compressor impeller and housing, is connected to the turbine impeller via a shaft and compresses air to supply the engine. The intermediate components connect the turbine and compressor and contain a bearing system, lubrication channels, and cooling water channels. Its working principle is that engine exhaust gases impact the turbine impeller, causing it to rotate and drive the compressor impeller to compress the air, increasing the intake air density and allowing the engine to inject more fuel, thus increasing power. Turbochargers are widely used in the automotive, marine, and aerospace industries. In the automotive industry, they are used in high-performance and small-displacement vehicles to improve performance and reduce fuel consumption; in the marine industry, they improve speed and power performance while reducing fuel consumption; and in the aerospace industry, they are a key component, ensuring the engine operates normally at high altitudes and increasing thrust.

[0003] A variable geometry turbocharger is a type of turbocharger that simultaneously balances low-speed and high-speed engine performance, solving the problem that traditional wastegate turbochargers cannot balance high and low-speed performance. At low engine speeds, the turbine end cross-section is adjusted to a smaller value to improve low-speed performance and prevent the turbocharger rotor from surging due to excessive speed. Conversely, at high engine speeds, the cross-section is widened to increase airflow, allowing the turbocharger to provide sufficient intake pressure and ensure high-speed performance.

[0004] In traditional variable geometry turbochargers, the nozzle ring assembly is positioned at the turbine housing via the chassis. This causes the turbine housing to deform under heat, squeezing the chassis, which in turn squeezes other components, potentially causing damage. A common solution is to increase the gap between components prone to compression to avoid damage. However, increasing the gap leads to decreased precision and reduced efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem this utility model aims to solve is to provide a variable geometry turbocharger, which addresses the issue that traditional variable geometry turbochargers are positioned at the turbine housing via a chassis, and the turbine housing deforms due to heat, squeezing the chassis, which in turn squeezes other components, causing damage. The commonly used solution of increasing the gap between easily squeezed components leads to decreased accuracy and reduced efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is as follows: a variable cross-section turbocharger, including a central housing and a turbine shroud fixed together, a turbine shaft rotatably connected inside the central housing, a turbine impeller that rotates with the turbine shaft is installed at the end of the turbine shaft, a nozzle ring assembly is provided between the central housing and the turbine shroud, the nozzle ring assembly includes a base, a chassis is fixedly connected to one axial end face of the base, the side wall of the chassis is supported in the inner end face of the turbine shroud by a sealing element, one end of the radially inward surface of the base is sleeved on the radially outward surface of the central housing, and the other end protrudes radially inward to form a pressing part, wherein an elastic protective component is provided between the pressing part and the central housing, the elastic protective component drives the base to abut against the turbine shroud, wherein a gap is generated between the chassis and the turbine shroud.

[0007] Compared to existing technologies, this design involves a central housing and turbine shroud that are fixed together, with the nozzle ring assembly's base fitted to both. The chassis on the base is supported within the inner end face of the turbine shroud by a seal. An elastic protective component is installed between the base and the central housing, ensuring the base abuts against the turbine shroud while creating a gap between the chassis and the shroud. This structural design, due to the gap between the chassis and the turbine shroud, prevents direct contact between the turbine shroud and the chassis when the shroud deforms due to heat. Furthermore, the elastic protective component cushions the impact, preventing the base from being directly compressed by the turbine shroud's deformation, thus reducing the risk of damage to other components. Simultaneously, since it eliminates the need to enlarge the gap to prevent compression as in traditional methods, it better ensures the precision between components, minimizing the impact on efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, the base is interconnected with the chassis via multiple limiting connecting posts. These limiting connecting posts can limit the base and chassis in various directions, ensuring that no relative displacement or misalignment occurs between the base and chassis during turbocharger operation.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic protection assembly includes a heat insulation cover and an elastic ring disposed between the pressing part and the central housing. The heat insulation cover blocks heat from the turbine end, and the elastic ring applies an axial force to the heat insulation cover, pressing it against the pressing part and causing the base to abut against the turbine housing. The heat insulation cover and the elastic ring in the elastic protection assembly cooperate with each other, which not only provides heat insulation but also ensures a tight connection between the base and the turbine housing, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the turbocharger.

[0010] Furthermore, a limiting protrusion is formed radially on the outer ring of the base, which is used to abut against the turbine cover when the elastic ring applies an axial force to the base.

[0011] Furthermore, the mating ends of the central housing and the turbine shroud are secured together using V-shaped clamps. Using V-shaped clamps reduces installation time and workload. Installers simply align the central housing and turbine shroud, then place the V-shaped clamps at the connection point and tighten bolts or other fastening devices to secure them. This convenient installation method offers significant advantages in both production and maintenance, improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a partial sectional view of the present invention.

[0014] Diagram: 1. Central housing; 2. Turbine shroud; 3. Turbine shaft; 4. Turbine impeller; 5. Nozzle ring assembly; 5.1. Base; 5.1.1. Connecting convex ring; 5.1.2. Limiting convex ring; 5.1.3. Press-fit part; 5.2. Chassis; 5.3. Seal; 5.4. Blade shaft; 5.5. Guide blade; 5.6. Control ring; 5.6.1. Engagement notch; 5.7. Rocker arm; 5.8. Pivot shaft; 5.11. Elastic protective assembly; 5.11.1. Heat insulation cover; 5.11.2. Elastic ring; 5.12. Limiting connecting post; 6. V-shaped clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Before describing any embodiment of this invention in detail, it should be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of the construction and arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following figures. The invention is capable of other embodiments and can be practiced or carried out in various ways. Furthermore, it should be understood that the wording and terminology used herein are for descriptive purposes and should not be considered limiting. The use of “comprising” or “having” and variations thereof herein is intended to cover the items set forth below and their equivalents, as well as any additional items. Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms “installation,” “connection,” “support,” and “linkage,” and variations thereof are used broadly and cover both direct and indirect installation, connection, support, and linking. Moreover, “connection” and “linkage” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or links.

[0016] Furthermore, firstly, in the disclosure of this utility model, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. Secondly, the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more," that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple. The term "a" should not be construed as a limitation on the quantity.

[0017] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and explained in the embodiments. Without departing from the stated principles, the implementation of the present invention may have any variations or modifications.

[0018] The embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2A variable geometry turbocharger comprises a central housing 1 and a turbine shroud 2 fixed together. A turbine shaft 3 is rotatably connected within the central housing 1, with a turbine impeller 4 mounted at its end. A nozzle ring assembly 5 is located between the central housing 1 and the turbine shroud 2, its base 5.1 being axially fixed to one end face of a chassis 5.2. The sidewall of the chassis 5.2 is supported within the inner end face of the turbine shroud 2 by a seal 5.3. Multiple blade shafts 5.4 are circumferentially spaced between the base 5.1 and the chassis 5.2, one end rotatably connected to the base 5.1, and the other end fixed to guide vanes 5.5 that rotate with the blade shafts 5.4. The base 5.1 also has a control ring 5.6, operably connected to the blade shafts 5.4 via multiple associated rocker arms 5.7. One end of each rocker arm 5.7 is fixed to the blade shaft 5.4, and the pivot shaft 5.8 at the other end engages with the engagement recess 5.6.1 of the control ring 5.6. The base 5.1 is interconnected with the chassis 5.2 via multiple limiting connecting posts 5.12. One end of the radially inward-facing surface of the base 5.1 is fitted onto the radially outward-facing surface of the central housing 1, while the other end protrudes radially inward to form a pressing part. An elastic protective assembly 5.11, consisting of a heat shield 5.11.1 and an elastic ring 5.11.2, is provided between the pressing part and the central housing 1. The heat shield 5.11.1 blocks heat from the turbine end, and the elastic ring 5.11.2 applies an axial force to the heat shield 5.11.1, pressing it against the pressing part and causing the base 5.1 to abut against the turbine housing 2, creating a gap between the chassis 5.2 and the turbine housing 2. A limiting protrusion 5.1.2 is formed radially protruding on the outer ring of the base 5.1, which abuts against the turbine housing 2 when the elastic ring 5.11.2 applies an axial force to the base 5.1. The pivot shaft 5.8 and the rocker arm 5.7 are fixed together by riveting, and the mating ends of the central housing 1 and the turbine cover 2 are mated and fixed together by V-shaped clamps. In addition, one axial end of the base 5.1 protrudes outward to form a connecting convex ring 5.1.1, and the inner ring of the control ring 5.6 is fitted onto the outer wall of the connecting convex ring 5.1.1 to achieve a rotatable connection.

[0020] The above description only illustrates the preferred embodiment of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and variations in its specific structure are permitted. All changes made within the scope of the independent claims of this utility model are also within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A variable geometry turbocharger, characterized in that, The system includes a central housing (1) and a turbine shroud (2) that are fixed together. A turbine shaft (3) is rotatably connected inside the central housing (1). A turbine impeller (4) that rotates with the turbine shaft (3) is mounted at the end of the turbine shaft (3). A nozzle ring assembly (5) is provided between the central housing (1) and the turbine shroud (2). The nozzle ring assembly (5) includes a base (5.1). A chassis (5.2) is fixedly connected to one axial end face of the base (5.1). The sidewall of the chassis (5.2) is supported by a seal (5.3). Inside the inner end face of the turbine cover (2), one end of the radially inward surface of the base (5.1) is fitted onto the radially outward surface of the central housing (1), and the other end protrudes radially inward to form a pressing part (5.1.3). An elastic protective component (5.11) is provided between the pressing part (5.1.3) and the central housing (1). The elastic protective component (5.11) drives the base (5.1) to abut against the turbine cover (2), and a gap is generated between the chassis (5.2) and the turbine cover (2).

2. A variable geometry turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (5.1) is interconnected with the chassis (5.2) by a plurality of limiting connecting posts (5.12).

3. A variable geometry turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic protective assembly (5.11) includes a heat shield (5.11.1) and an elastic ring (5.11.2) disposed between the pressing part (5.11.3) and the central housing (1). The heat shield (5.11.1) blocks the heat at the vortex end. The elastic ring (5.11.2) applies an axial force to the heat shield (5.11.1) to press the heat shield (5.11.1) against the pressing part (5.11.3) and drives the base (5.1) to abut against the turbine cover (2).

4. A variable geometry turbocharger according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting protrusion (5.1.2) is formed radially protruding on the outer ring of the base (5.1), and the limiting protrusion (5.1.2) is used to abut against the turbine cover (2) when the elastic ring (5.11.2) applies an axial force to the base (5.1).

5. A variable geometry turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating ends of the central housing (1) and the turbine cover (2) are mated and fixed by a V-shaped clamp (6).

Images