Vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Comprising a barrel, an upper seal head, a lower seal head, an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate, a partition plate, a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, a gas inlet, a gas outlet and at least two heat exchange tube sets, wherein the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are formed in the upper seal head and located on the two sides of the partition plate; the gas inlet and the gas outlet are formed in the barrel; each heat exchange pipe set comprises a main pipe and a branch pipe which are sequentially communicated in the length extending direction of the barrel, the branch pipes are at least two stages and are communicated stage by stage, the number of the branch pipes of the next stage is larger than that of the branch pipes of the previous stage, the number of the branch pipes of the first stage is larger than that of the main pipes, and the branch pipes of all stages are parallel to one another and parallel to the main pipes. Each heat exchange pipe set further comprises a branch connecting pipe used for communicating the main pipe with the first-stage branch pipe and communicating the two adjacent stages of branch pipes. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger not only can ensure the uniformity of heat exchange of the liquid medium, but also can improve the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Existing shell-and-tube heat exchangers typically consist of multiple parallel heat exchange tubes within the shell. The liquid medium flows through these tubes and exchanges heat with the gaseous medium in the shell. The liquid medium travels a relatively short distance and takes a relatively short time through the heat exchange tubes, resulting in relatively low heat exchange efficiency and poor heat exchange performance. Furthermore, due to the limitations of the heat exchange tube structure, the liquid medium in the heat exchange tubes may experience localized insufficient or excessive heat exchange. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger that not only ensures the uniformity of heat exchange for the liquid medium, but also improves the heat exchange efficiency and effect of the liquid medium.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a vertical shell, an upper end cap and a lower end cap respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the shell, an upper tube sheet abutting between the upper end face of the shell and the upper end cap, a lower tube sheet abutting between the lower end face of the shell and the lower end cap, a partition plate disposed in the upper end cap, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet opened on the upper end cap and located on both sides of the partition plate, and a gas inlet and a gas outlet opened on the shell. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes at least two sets of heat exchange tubes disposed in the shell and with their ends respectively passing through the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet.

[0006] Each heat exchange tube group includes a main pipe and branch pipes that are connected sequentially along the length of the cylinder. The branch pipes have at least two levels and are connected step by step. The number of branch pipes in the next level is greater than the number of branch pipes in the previous level, and the number of branch pipes in the first level is greater than the number of main pipes. Each level of branch pipes is parallel to each other and parallel to the main pipe. Each heat exchange tube group also includes a branch connecting pipe for connecting the main pipe and the first level of branch pipes, and for connecting two adjacent levels of branch pipes.

[0007] Preferably, each of the branch pipes is arranged along at least one circumferential direction, with the maximum circumferential radius increasing progressively.

[0008] More preferably, the center lines of the branch pipes at each level coincide with each other and with the axis of the main pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the centerline of the branched connecting pipe intersects the centerline of the main pipe.

[0010] Preferably, in one part of the heat exchange tube group, the main pipe is inserted into the upper tube sheet, and the last branch pipe is inserted into the lower tube sheet; in another part of the heat exchange tube group, the main pipe is inserted into the lower tube sheet, and the last branch pipe is inserted into the upper tube sheet, and the two parts of the heat exchange tube group are arranged alternately in the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes a flow divider plate disposed in the gas inlet, wherein the flow divider plate has multiple air inlet holes.

[0012] More preferably, the air intake surface of the splitter plate is a concave first curved surface.

[0013] Preferably, the vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger further includes baffles disposed in the shell, and there are multiple baffles arranged alternately in sequence along the direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.

[0014] More preferably, the side of the baffle plate facing the gas inlet is a concave second curved surface.

[0015] More preferably, the baffle plate is provided with mounting holes for the heat exchange tube assembly to pass through.

[0016] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger of this utility model, by setting a heat exchange tube assembly in the shell, the heat exchange tube assembly includes a main pipe and at least two branch pipes connected in sequence. When the liquid medium flows through the heat exchange tube assembly, it can be split into multiple fine streams that flow separately in the branch pipes, ensuring uniform distribution and avoiding problems of insufficient or excessive local heat exchange, thus guaranteeing the uniformity of overall heat exchange. Furthermore, the multi-stage branch pipes can increase the heat exchange area of ​​the liquid medium and improve heat exchange efficiency. By setting a branched connecting pipe, the flow time and heat exchange time of the liquid medium in the heat exchange tube assembly can be increased, further improving the heat exchange efficiency and effect of the liquid medium. Moreover, the branched connecting pipe can accept direct scouring by the gas medium, further improving the heat exchange efficiency and effect of the liquid medium within it. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Appendix Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of the heat exchanger tube assembly;

[0019] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle splitter plate;

[0020] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle baffle plate.

[0021] Wherein: 1. Shell; 11. Gas inlet; 12. Gas outlet; 2. Upper head; 21. Fluid inlet; 22. Fluid outlet; 3. Lower head; 4. Upper tube sheet; 5. Lower tube sheet; 6. Baffle; 7. Heat exchanger tube assembly; 71. Main tube; 72. Branch tube; 73. Bifurcation connection tube; 8. Flow divider; 81. Air inlet; 82. First curved surface; 9. Baffle plate; 91. Second curved surface; 92. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "inner", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this utility model.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples of the embodiments of the present invention; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0029] See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a vertical cylindrical body 1, an upper end cap 2 and a lower end cap 3 respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the body 1, an upper tube sheet 4 abutting between the upper end face of the body 1 and the upper end cap 2, a lower tube sheet 5 abutting between the lower end face of the body 1 and the lower end cap 3, a partition 6 vertically arranged in the upper end cap 2, a fluid inlet 21 and a fluid outlet 22 opened on the upper end cap 2 and located on opposite sides of the partition 6, and a gas inlet 11 and a gas outlet 12 opened on the body 1, wherein the gas inlet 11 is located below the gas outlet 12, the gas inlet 11 is close to the lower tube sheet 5, and the gas outlet 12 is close to the upper tube sheet 4.

[0030] The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes at least two sets of heat exchange tube groups 7 disposed in the shell 1 and with their ends respectively passing through the upper tube sheet 4 and the lower tube sheet 5. Each heat exchange tube group 7 includes a main tube 71 and a branch tube 72 connected sequentially along the length of the shell 1. The branch tube 72 has at least two levels and is connected step by step. The number of lower-level branch tubes 72 is greater than the number of upper-level branch tubes 72, and the number of first-level branch tubes 72 is greater than the number of main tubes 71. Each level of branch tubes 72 is parallel to each other and parallel to the main tube 71. Each heat exchange tube group 7 also includes a branch connecting pipe 73 for connecting the main tube 71 and the first-level branch tube 72, and for connecting two adjacent levels of branch tubes 72.

[0031] See Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, there is one main pipe 71 and three levels of branch pipes 72: four first-level branch pipes 72, eight second-level branch pipes 72, and sixteen third-level branch pipes 72. The main pipe 71 and the branch pipes 72 are parallel to the cylinder 1.

[0032] Each level of branch pipe 72 is arranged along at least one circumferential direction, with its maximum circumferential radius increasing progressively. In this embodiment, the first-level branch pipes 72 are arranged at intervals along one circumferential direction; the second-level branch pipes 72 are divided into two groups of four, arranged at intervals along two circumferential directions, with the inner circle's circumferential radius being smaller than that of the first-level branch pipes 72, and the outer circle's circumferential radius being larger than that of the first-level branch pipes 72; the third-level branch pipes 72 are divided into four groups of four, arranged at intervals along four circumferential directions, with the innermost circle's circumferential radius being smaller than that of the inner circle of the second-level branch pipes 72, the second circle's circumferential radius being larger than that of the inner circle of the second-level branch pipes 72, the third circle's circumferential radius being smaller than that of the outer circle of the second-level branch pipes 72, and the outermost circle's circumferential radius being larger than that of the outer circle of the second-level branch pipes 72.

[0033] In this embodiment, the center lines of each branch pipe 72 coincide with each other and with the axis of the main pipe 71; the axis of the branch connecting pipe 73 intersects with the axis of the main pipe 71.

[0034] See Figure 1 As shown, in one part of the heat exchange tube group 7, the main pipe 71 is inserted into the upper tube sheet 4, and its last branch pipe 72 is inserted into the lower tube sheet 5; in another part of the heat exchange tube group 7, the main pipe 71 is inserted into the lower tube sheet 5, and its last branch pipe 72 is inserted into the upper tube sheet 4. The two parts of the heat exchange tube group 7 are arranged alternately in the cylinder 1.

[0035] In traditional heat exchanger tube assembly 7, the liquid medium generally has a temperature gradient due to uneven temperature distribution. By adopting a tree-like structure for the heat exchanger tube assembly 7, and with staggered arrangement in both directions, not only can the space in the cylinder 1 be used in a reasonable way, but this temperature gradient can also be eliminated, making the temperature distribution of the liquid medium in the entire heat exchanger tube assembly 7 more uniform and stable.

[0036] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the above-mentioned vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a flow divider 8 disposed in the gas inlet 11. The flow divider 8 has a plurality of air inlets 81, which are parallel to the air inlet direction. In this embodiment, the air inlet surface of the flow divider 8 is a concave first curved surface 82.

[0037] By setting the flow divider 8, the incoming hot air can be divided into multiple airflows, which, together with the tree-shaped heat exchange tube assembly 7, further improves its heat exchange capacity. By setting the first curved surface 82, the hot air can be completely attached to it, achieving seamless diversion of the hot air.

[0038] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the aforementioned vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes baffles 9 disposed within the shell 1 and mounting holes 92 disposed on the baffles 9 for the heat exchange tube assembly 7 to pass through. There are multiple baffles 9, arranged along the direction from the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12 (i.e.,...). Figure 1 The components are arranged alternately from bottom to top. In this embodiment, the side of the baffle 9 facing the gas inlet 11 is a concave second curved surface 91.

[0039] By setting the baffle 9, hot air can be guided to move along an S-shaped curve in the cylinder 1, increasing the residence time of hot air in the cylinder 1 and thus improving the heat exchange effect. By setting the second curved surface 91, the flow of hot air can be smoothly guided, reducing flow resistance and pressure loss when hot air passes through.

[0040] The working process of this embodiment is described in detail below:

[0041] Hot air is introduced through gas inlet 11, and cold liquid medium is introduced through fluid inlet 21. The liquid medium first flows downward through a portion of the heat exchange tube group 7 into the lower head 3, and then flows upward through another portion of the heat exchange tube group 7 back to the upper head 2 and flows out from the fluid outlet 22. During the process of the liquid medium passing through the heat exchange tube group 7, the rising hot air in the cylinder 1 heats it up, and the heat-exchanged hot air is released from gas outlet 12.

[0042] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a vertical shell, an upper end cap and a lower end cap respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the shell, an upper tube sheet abutting between the upper end face of the shell and the upper end cap, a lower tube sheet abutting between the lower end face of the shell and the lower end cap, a partition plate disposed in the upper end cap, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet opened on the upper end cap and located on both sides of the partition plate, and a gas inlet and a gas outlet opened on the shell, characterized in that: The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes at least two sets of heat exchange tubes disposed in the shell and with their ends respectively passing through the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet; Each heat exchange tube group includes a main pipe and branch pipes that are connected sequentially along the length of the cylinder. The branch pipes have at least two levels and are connected step by step. The number of branch pipes in the next level is greater than the number of branch pipes in the previous level, and the number of branch pipes in the first level is greater than the number of main pipes. Each level of branch pipes is parallel to each other and parallel to the main pipe. Each heat exchange tube group also includes a branch connecting pipe for connecting the main pipe and the first level of branch pipes, and for connecting two adjacent levels of branch pipes.

2. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the branch pipes is arranged along at least one circumferential direction, with the maximum circumferential radius increasing progressively.

3. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center lines of the branch pipes at each level coincide with each other and with the axis of the main pipe.

4. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centerline of the bifurcated connecting pipe intersects with the centerline of the main pipe.

5. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: In one part of the heat exchange tube group, the main pipe is inserted into the upper tube sheet, and the last branch pipe is inserted into the lower tube sheet; in another part of the heat exchange tube group, the main pipe is inserted into the lower tube sheet, and the last branch pipe is inserted into the upper tube sheet, and the two parts of the heat exchange tube group are arranged alternately in the cylinder.

6. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes a flow divider plate disposed in the gas inlet, and the flow divider plate has multiple air inlet holes.

7. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air intake surface of the splitter plate is a concave first curved surface.

8. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger also includes baffles disposed in the shell, and there are multiple baffles arranged alternately in sequence along the direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.

9. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side of the baffle plate facing the gas inlet is a concave second curved surface.

10. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The baffle plate is provided with mounting holes for the heat exchange tube assembly to pass through.

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