Drive mechanism, imaging device, and electronic apparatus

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of driving structures, in particular to a driving mechanism, a camera device and electronic equipment. The driving mechanism comprises a fixed module, a movable module, an actuating module and a direction conversion module. The actuating module comprises a first shape memory alloy wire and a first heat dissipation unit, the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire forms an included angle with the first direction, and the first heat dissipation unit is configured to adjust the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire; the direction conversion module is configured to generate a driving force to the moving module in the first direction after being subjected to an actuating force in the extending direction of the first shape memory alloy wire. The space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire in the linear motion direction of the moving module is effectively reduced, when the included angle is a right angle or approaches to a right angle, the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire in the first direction is minimum, and therefore the overall thickness of the driving mechanism can be remarkably reduced. The design is especially suitable for scenes with high requirements on lightening and thinning in the intelligent terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drive structure technology, and in particular to a drive mechanism, camera device and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, cameras in smart terminals are increasingly using larger image sensors. To optimize images from these large image sensors, they need to be combined with lenses that have a large EFL (Effective Focal Length) to provide a large zoom factor. This requires lenses with a large TTL (Total Track Length). This lens design requirement of image sensors makes it impossible for cameras and smart terminals using them to achieve a slim and lightweight product design.

[0003] Related technologies address these issues by using a drive mechanism to move the lens up and down. When the camera is in use, the drive mechanism extends the lens to provide a larger TTL (Time-to-Live), and when the camera is not in use, the drive mechanism retracts the lens to achieve a thin design. However, the introduction of a drive mechanism in current designs also significantly increases the product thickness. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a drive mechanism, a camera device, and an electronic device to solve the problem that the introduction of a lens drive mechanism in a camera device causes a significant increase in product thickness.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a drive mechanism, the drive mechanism comprising:

[0006] Fixed module;

[0007] The movable module is configured to slide reciprocally relative to the fixed module along a first direction;

[0008] An actuation module includes a first shape memory alloy wire whose extension direction is at an angle relative to the first direction and a first heat dissipation unit, wherein the first heat dissipation unit is configured to adjust the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire.

[0009] A direction conversion module is connected to the first shape memory alloy wire and the moving module, respectively. The direction conversion module is configured to generate a driving force on the moving module along the first direction after being actuated by an actuation force along the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire.

[0010] Furthermore, the actuation module includes two parallel first shape memory alloy lines, and the actuation module also includes two second heat dissipation units respectively disposed in the middle section of the two first shape memory alloy lines and a second shape memory alloy line connected between the two second heat dissipation units, wherein the second heat dissipation units are configured to adjust the temperature of the second shape memory alloy lines.

[0011] Furthermore, an elastic module is provided between the fixed module and the moving module. The elastic module is configured such that the moving module always tends to move along the first direction relative to the fixed module. Furthermore, the direction-changing module includes a bell-shaped crank and a first pivot shaft connected to the fixed module. The bell-shaped crank includes a first arm and a second arm. The connection between the first arm and the second arm is rotatably connected to the first pivot shaft. The first shape memory alloy wire is connected to the first arm, and the second arm is connected to the moving module.

[0012] Furthermore, the direction conversion module includes a first fixing part fixed on the fixing module, one end of the first shape memory alloy wire is connected to the first fixing part, and the other end is connected to the first arm.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple sets of the actuation module and the direction conversion module are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, and the multiple sets of the actuation module and the direction conversion module are arranged symmetrically or in a circular array.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the direction conversion modules includes two bell-shaped cranks arranged symmetrically, with the two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire respectively connected to the first arms of the two bell-shaped cranks.

[0015] Furthermore, the surface of the second arm that contacts the mobile module is curved.

[0016] Furthermore, the direction conversion module includes a first link, a second link, a third link, and a fourth link connected in sequence to form a rhombic structure. The first link and the second link are rotatably connected via a second pivot shaft fixed to the fixed module. The second link and the third link are rotatably connected to a first movable part via a third pivot shaft. The third link and the fourth link are rotatably connected to a second movable part via a fourth pivot shaft. The fourth link and the first link are rotatably connected to a third movable part via a fifth pivot shaft. The second movable part is connected to the moving module. The two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire are respectively connected to the first movable part and the third movable part.

[0017] A second aspect of this application provides a camera device including the driving mechanism provided in the first aspect of this application, wherein the moving module is the lens of the camera device.

[0018] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device that includes the camera device provided in the second aspect of this application.

[0019] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] By setting the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire at an angle to the first direction, the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire in the linear motion direction of the moving module is effectively reduced. When the angle is a right angle or close to a right angle, the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire in the first direction is minimized, thereby significantly reducing the overall thickness of the drive mechanism. This design is particularly suitable for scenarios with high requirements for thinness and lightness in smart terminals. The first shape memory alloy wire in wire form can make full use of the characteristic of SMA material undergoing significant expansion and contraction deformation under temperature changes. Through the direction conversion module, the actuation force of the first shape memory alloy wire along the extension direction is converted into the driving force of the moving module along the first direction, realizing the efficient transfer of energy from thermal energy to mechanical energy and improving the driving efficiency. The addition of the direction conversion module makes the conversion of actuation force more precise and stable. Even when the actuation force direction generated by the first shape memory alloy wire changes, the movement of the moving module along the first direction can still be ensured. This flexible force direction conversion method gives the drive mechanism high adaptability and control precision, meeting the needs of complex working environments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0024] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of this application when the moving module is in the retracted state;

[0025] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of this application in the extended state of the moving module;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of this application in a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 2 of this application when the moving module is in the retracted state;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the figure onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 2 of this application when the moving module is in the extended state;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the figure onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0031] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the first drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 3 of this application with the mobile module in a retracted state;

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the figure onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0033] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the first drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 3 of this application in the extended state of the mobile module;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the figure onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in a plane perpendicular to the first direction when the moving module is in the retracted state, which is the second type of driving mechanism provided in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in a plane perpendicular to the first direction when the moving module is in the extended state, which is the second type of driving mechanism provided in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0037] Figure 14This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 4 of this application when the moving module is in the retracted state;

[0038] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the figure onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0039] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 4 of this application when the moving module is in the extended state;

[0040] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the figure onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0041] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 5 of this application when the moving module is in the retracted state;

[0042] Figure 19 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 5 of this application when the moving module is in the extended state;

[0043] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 6 of this application when the moving module is in the retracted state;

[0044] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 6 of this application when the moving module is in the extended state;

[0045] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 6 of this application in a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0046] Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 7 of this application when the moving module is in the retracted state;

[0047] Figure 24 for Figure 23 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the figure onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0048] Figure 25 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided in Embodiment 7 of this application when the moving module is in the extended state;

[0049] Figure 26 for Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the actuation module in the drive mechanism shown in the plane perpendicular to the first direction.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 100. Fixed module;

[0052] 200. Mobile module;

[0053] 300, Actuation module; 301, First shape memory alloy wire; 302, Second heat dissipation unit; 303, Second shape memory alloy wire;

[0054] 400. Direction switching module; 401. Bell-shaped crank; 4011. First arm; 4012. Second arm; 402. First pivot shaft; 403. First fixed part; 404. First connecting rod; 405. Second connecting rod; 406. Third connecting rod; 407. Fourth connecting rod; 408. Second pivot shaft; 409. Third pivot shaft; 410. First movable part; 411. Fourth pivot shaft; 412. Second movable part; 413. Fifth pivot shaft; 414. Third movable part;

[0055] 500, Flexible Module. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0058] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "front," "back," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a positional flip, orientation change, or change of motion, these directional indications will change accordingly. For instance, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0059] like Figure 1-26 As shown, the main structure of the driving mechanism provided in this application embodiment includes a fixed module 100, a moving module 200, an actuation module 300, and a direction conversion module 400. This driving mechanism can be used to drive the linear motion of various moving modules. This specification uses the application of this driving mechanism to a camera device of an electronic device as an example for illustrative purposes. The driven moving module 200 in this driving mechanism can be configured as the lens or lens cover of the camera device. Types of electronic devices include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, scanning pens, digital cameras, smartwatches, etc.

[0060] In the drive mechanism, the fixed module 100 provides support for other components; the movable module 200 is configured to reciprocate relative to the fixed module 100 along a first direction and is the component that generates movement after being subjected to force. The actuation module 300 includes a first heat dissipation unit and a first shape memory alloy wire 301 whose extension direction is arranged at an angle relative to the first direction. The first heat dissipation unit is configured to adjust the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire 301. The direction conversion module 400 is connected to the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the movable module 200 respectively. The direction conversion module 400 is configured to generate a driving force on the movable module 200 along the first direction after being actuated by an actuation force along the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301.

[0061] The first shape memory alloy wire 301 is a wire made of shape memory alloy. Shape memory alloy (SMA) is a functional material with shape memory effect (SME), superelasticity (SE), and high damping properties. This alloy can sense temperature changes and convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, outputting force or displacement. It is an alloy material that can completely eliminate the deformation that occurs at lower temperatures after heating and restore its original shape before deformation. The shape memory alloy selected in this application has the characteristic of shrinking and deforming after heating and restoring its shape after cooling. The first shape memory alloy wire 301, made of this shape memory alloy in wire form, can fully utilize the material's inherent properties, allowing the length of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 to undergo significant expansion and contraction with temperature changes. The extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 is set at an angle relative to the first direction, making the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire 301 in the first direction smaller. When the first shape memory alloy wire 301 is completely perpendicular to the first direction, its space occupied in the first direction is minimized. The force exerted by the length extension and contraction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 on the direction conversion module 400 is along the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301. When the direction conversion module 400 moves, the force exerted on the moving module 200 is along the first direction. Thus, the direction conversion module 400 can convert the actuating force of the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 into a driving force on the moving module 200 along the first direction.

[0062] Firstly, this embodiment effectively reduces the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire 301 in the linear motion direction of the moving module 200 by setting the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 at an angle to the first direction. When the angle is a right angle or close to a right angle, the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire 301 in the first direction is minimized, thereby significantly reducing the overall thickness of the drive mechanism. This design is particularly suitable for scenarios in smart terminals with high requirements for thinness and lightness.

[0063] Secondly, the first shape memory alloy wire 301, which is in the form of a wire, can make full use of the characteristic that SMA material undergoes significant expansion and contraction deformation under temperature changes. Through the direction conversion module 400, the actuation force of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 along the extension direction is converted into the driving force of the moving module 200 along the first direction, realizing the efficient transfer of energy from thermal energy to mechanical energy and improving the driving efficiency.

[0064] Thirdly, the addition of the direction conversion module 400 makes the conversion of actuation force more precise and stable. Even if the direction of actuation force generated by the first shape memory alloy line 301 changes, it can still ensure that the moving module 200 moves along the first direction. This flexible force direction conversion method gives the drive mechanism a high degree of adaptability and control precision, meeting the needs of complex working environments.

[0065] Fourthly, by precisely adjusting the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 through the first heat dissipation unit, dynamic control of the drive mechanism can be achieved. Furthermore, due to the lightweight and compact nature of the shape memory alloy material itself, the weight and volume of the drive mechanism are further reduced.

[0066] In summary, when this drive mechanism is applied to camera equipment or electronic devices to drive lens movement, it can resolve the contradiction between large TTL lenses in traditional designs and the need for thin and light smart terminals. It also has the advantages of compact structure, efficient energy utilization, and precise motion control, providing an innovative solution for the design of drive mechanisms in smart terminals and cameras.

[0067] In some embodiments, the direction conversion module 400 includes a bell-shaped crank 401 and a first pivot shaft 402 connected to the fixed module 100. The bell-shaped crank 401 includes a first arm 4011 and a second arm 4012. The connection between the first arm 4011 and the second arm 4012 is rotatably connected to the first pivot shaft 402. The first shape memory alloy wire 301 is connected to the first arm 4011, and the second arm 4012 is connected to the moving module 200. After the first heat dissipation unit heats up, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 contracts, and the actuating force generated along its extension direction acts on the first arm 4011 of the bell-shaped crank 401, causing the bell-shaped crank 401 to rotate around the first pivot shaft 402, and then driving the moving module 200 to move in the first direction through the second arm 4012. The bell-shaped crank 401, in conjunction with the first pivot shaft 402, converts the shrinking path of the shape memory alloy wire into a linear motion path of the moving module 200 along the first direction, thus completing the force direction conversion and avoiding the introduction of complex mechanisms. The connection structure between the first arm 4011 and the second arm 4012 in the bell-shaped crank 401 makes the entire direction conversion module 400 compact and space-saving, suitable for applications in smart terminals such as electronic devices where structural volume requirements are stringent. Especially when the moving module 200 requires a large stroke, the bell-shaped crank 401 can complete a large range of motion conversions within a relatively small structural volume.

[0068] The length ratio of the first arm 4011 to the second arm 4012 in the bell-shaped crank 401 can be flexibly designed according to actual needs, thereby optimizing the force transmission efficiency and motion stroke. For example, appropriately extending the length of the second arm 4012 can increase the stroke of the moving module 200, while shortening the length of the first arm 4011 can effectively amplify the actuation force of the shape memory alloy wire.

[0069] In summary, by integrating the bell-shaped crank 401 and the first pivot shaft 402 into the direction conversion module 400, the efficient and precise conversion of the actuation force of the shape memory alloy wire into the driving force of the moving module 200 is achieved, optimizing the force transmission path and space utilization, and improving the overall performance of the drive mechanism. This drive mechanism, when applied to the camera device of electronic device smart terminal products, can meet the needs of the smart terminal products for thinness and lightness and lens movement functions.

[0070] The direction conversion module 400 in the drive mechanism, which includes a bell-shaped crank 401, can have a variety of specific implementations. Examples 1-5 are provided in this application for further illustration.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the main structure of the drive mechanism includes a fixed module 100, a moving module 200, an actuation module 300, and a direction conversion module 400. The moving module 200 is configured to reciprocate relative to the fixed module 100 along a first direction. The actuation module 300 includes a first heat dissipation unit and a first shape memory alloy wire 301 whose extension direction is angled relative to the first direction. The first heat dissipation unit is configured to adjust the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire 301. The direction conversion module 400 is connected to both the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the moving module 200. The direction conversion module 400 is configured to generate a driving force on the moving module 200 along the first direction after being actuated by an actuation force along the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301. The direction conversion module 400 includes a bell-shaped crank 401 and a first pivot shaft 402 connected to the fixed module 100. The bell-shaped crank 401 includes a first arm 4011 and a second arm 4012. The connection between the first arm 4011 and the second arm 4012 is rotatably connected to the first pivot shaft 402. A first shape memory alloy wire 301 is connected to the first arm 4011, and the second arm 4012 is connected to the moving module 200. The direction conversion module 400 includes a first fixing part 403 fixed to the fixed module 100. One end of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 is connected to the first fixing part 403, and the other end is connected to the first arm 4011.

[0073] The first fixing part 403 is fixed to the fixing module 100, providing a support point for one end of the first shape memory alloy wire 301, thus fixing the position of one end of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and reducing unnecessary displacement. The other end is connected to the first arm 4011 to realize the transmission of force. When the temperature rises, the shape memory alloy wire shrinks and deforms, and the torque is transmitted to the moving module 200 through the swing of the first arm 4011, realizing the sliding of the moving module 200 along the first direction.

[0074] In this embodiment, by setting a first fixing part 403 on the fixed module 100, one end of the alloy wire can be stabilized, making the force transmission more accurate when it stretches and deforms. This simplifies the arrangement of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and ensures the overall compactness and stability of the drive mechanism.

[0075] In the drive mechanism of this embodiment, an elastic module 500 is provided between the fixed module 100 and the moving module 200. The elastic module 500 is configured such that the moving module 200 always tends to move along the first direction relative to the fixed module 100. When the shape memory alloy wire cools and restores its original shape, the elastic effect of the elastic module 500 can reset the moving module 200 to its initial position, ensuring that the entire system has bidirectional drive functionality. Specific forms of the elastic module 500 include, but are not limited to, torsion springs, compression springs, sheet springs, and helical springs. The introduction of the elastic module 500 further optimizes the working performance and stability of the drive mechanism. The working process of the drive mechanism in this embodiment is described in detail below.

[0076] Initially, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 is in its natural state, with a relatively long length and no shrinkage. The elastic module 500 applies an elastic force to the moving module 200, causing the moving module 200 to be in a position relative to the fixed module 100 as... Figure 1 The retracted state is shown. The moving module 200, under the action of the elastic module 500, presses against the second arm 4012 of the bell-shaped crank 401, keeping the first shape memory alloy wire 301 taut. The first heat dissipation unit heats the first shape memory alloy wire 301, raising its temperature. Upon heating, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 contracts and deforms, significantly shortening its length. The contraction force of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 acts on the first arm 4011 of the bell-shaped crank 401, causing the bell-shaped crank 401 to rotate around the first pivot axis 402. The second arm 4012 of the bell-shaped crank 401 rotates accordingly, transmitting the contraction force to the moving module 200. This drives the moving module 200 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic module 500 and slide outwards along the first direction. As the first shape memory alloy wire 301 further contracts, the moving module 200 gradually extends out of the fixed module 100, obtaining the desired state. Figure 2The extended state is shown. This process ingeniously realizes the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy, and through the cooperation of the bell-shaped crank 401 structure and the elastic module 500, the moving module 200 can stably and efficiently complete the reciprocating motion during operation.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] The difference from Example 1 is as follows: Figure 4-7 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the actuation module 300 includes two parallel first shape memory alloy wires 301. The actuation module 300 also includes two second heat dissipation units 302 and one second shape memory alloy wire 303. The two second heat dissipation units 302 are respectively disposed in the middle section of the two first shape memory alloy wires 301. The second shape memory alloy wire 303 is connected between the two second heat dissipation units 302. The second heat dissipation units 302 are configured to adjust the temperature of the second shape memory alloy wire 303. The two first shape memory alloy wires 301 and one second shape memory alloy wire 303 form an I-shaped structure.

[0079] The specific description of the drive mechanism in this embodiment is as follows.

[0080] In the initial state, the elastic module 500 applies an elastic force to the moving module 200, causing the moving module 200 to be in a position relative to the fixed module 100 as follows: Figure 4 and 5The retracted state is shown. Under the action of the elastic module 500, the moving module 200 abuts against the second arm 4012 of the bell-shaped crank 401, so that the two first shape memory alloy wires 301 and one second shape memory alloy wire 303 are in an unshrunken taut state, forming a standard I-shaped structure. The first heat dissipation unit heats the first shape memory alloy wire 301, raising its temperature. When heated, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 contracts and deforms, significantly shortening its length. The contraction force of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 acts on the first arm 4011 of the bell-shaped crank 401, causing the bell-shaped crank 401 to rotate around the first pivot axis 402. The second heat dissipation unit 302 heats the second shape memory alloy wire 303, raising its temperature. After the second shape memory alloy wire 303 contracts, it pulls the middle parts of the two first shape memory alloy wires 301 together. This deformation of the middle parts further affects the overall tension distribution of the first shape memory alloy wires 301, driving the first arm 4011 to rotate further, completing a larger range of motion of the system. The second arm 4012 of the bell-shaped crank 401 rotates, transmitting the contraction force to the moving module 200, driving the moving module 200 to slide outward in the first direction against the elastic force of the elastic module 500. As the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 further contract, the moving module 200 gradually extends out of the fixed module 100, achieving the desired effect. Figure 6 and 7 The extended state shown.

[0081] In this embodiment, the arrangement of two first shape memory alloy wires 301 provides basic stability of the system in its initial state. A second shape memory alloy wire 303, perpendicular to the two first shape memory alloy wires 301, connects the middle sections of the two first shape memory alloy wires 301 to each other. This provides an additional control variable, enabling the system to achieve more complex state changes. The coordinated operation of the first and second shape memory alloy wires 301 allows for the precise and phased control of the system's motion amplitude.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] like Figure 8-13 As shown, based on the technical solutions of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the actuation module 300 and the direction conversion module 400 are arranged in multiple sets in a one-to-one correspondence in the drive mechanism, and the multiple sets of actuation modules 300 and direction conversion modules 400 are arranged symmetrically or in a circular array.

[0084] Due to the inherent working characteristics of the bell-shaped crank 401, the contact position between the moving module 200 and the second arm 4012 is constantly changing as the bell-shaped crank 401 rotates around the first pivot axis 402. This means that, even with only one direction conversion module 400, the force point of the moving module 200 cannot always be kept in the central area of ​​the moving module 200. Consequently, the moving module 200 may experience uneven forces under certain conditions, which may affect the motion accuracy and stability of the moving module 200.

[0085] In this embodiment, the actuation module 300 and the direction conversion module 400 are configured in multiple groups in a one-to-one correspondence, and can be arranged symmetrically or in a circular array. This reduces unbalanced forces in any single direction, ensuring that multiple actuation modules 300 and direction conversion modules 400 can complement each other, improving overall motion accuracy and response speed. It also allows for even load distribution under different operating conditions, achieving uniform force distribution and enhancing system balance and stability. Furthermore, by setting multiple modules, the system possesses a certain degree of redundancy; if one module malfunctions, other modules can continue to operate, ensuring system reliability.

[0086] Optional, such as Figure 8-11 As shown, the actuation module 300 and the direction conversion module 400 in the drive mechanism are arranged in two sets, one-to-one. The two sets of actuation modules 300 and direction conversion modules 400 are arranged symmetrically from left to right, that is, the two sets are arranged in a mirror symmetrical structure in space.

[0087] Optional, such as Figure 12 and 13 As shown, the actuation module 300 and the direction conversion module 400 in the drive mechanism are arranged in three sets, one-to-one, and the three sets of actuation module 300 and direction conversion module 400 are arranged in a circular array.

[0088] By arranging the actuation module 300 and the direction conversion module 400 in a symmetrical or circular array, the actuation module 300 can apply force evenly to the moving module 200 in all directions. This helps reduce localized force concentration within the system, effectively preventing imbalances or biases during operation. This results in smoother movement of the drive mechanism, reducing vibrations or imbalances caused by uneven force distribution, thereby improving system stability and durability. Furthermore, multiple actuation modules 300 can work synchronously, increasing response speed. When all modules work simultaneously, the system can complete actions more quickly, improving overall efficiency.

[0089] It should be noted that the number of actuation modules 300 and direction conversion modules 400 in this application is not limited to the two or three groups listed in the aforementioned embodiments, and may also be other numbers. Those skilled in the art can make a reasonable selection by comprehensively considering factors such as force distribution, motion balance, system stability, cost, and space availability.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] Based on the technical solutions of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, such as Figure 14-17 As shown, in this embodiment, each of the direction conversion modules 400 includes two symmetrically arranged bell-shaped cranks 401. The two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 are respectively connected to the first arms 4011 of the two bell-shaped cranks 401, that is, one actuation module 300 is simultaneously engaged with two bell-shaped cranks 401.

[0092] Taking the actuation module 300 structure disclosed in Embodiment 2 as an example, the specific working process of the drive mechanism in this embodiment is described as follows.

[0093] In the initial state, the elastic force applied by the elastic module 500 to the moving module 200 causes the moving module 200 to be in a position relative to the fixed module 100 as follows: Figure 14 and 15 The retracted state is shown. Under the action of the elastic module 500, the moving module 200 abuts against the second arm 4012 of the two bell-shaped cranks 401, causing the two first arms 4011 to tend to rotate in opposite directions. The two first shape memory alloy wires 301 and one second shape memory alloy wire 303 are in an uncontracted and taut state, forming a standard I-shaped structure. The first heat dissipation unit heats the first shape memory alloy wire 301, raising its temperature. When heated, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 contracts and deforms, significantly shortening its length. The contraction force of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 acts on the first arm 4011 of the bell-shaped cranks 401 at both ends, causing the two bell-shaped cranks 401 to rotate around the first pivot axis 402. The second heat dissipation unit 302 heats the second shape memory alloy wire 303, raising its temperature. After the second shape memory alloy wire 303 contracts, it pulls the middle parts of the two first shape memory alloy wires 301 together. This deformation of the middle parts further affects the overall tension distribution of the first shape memory alloy wires 301, driving the two first arms 4011 to rotate further, completing a larger range of motion of the system. The second arms 4012 of the two bell-shaped cranks 401 rotate, transmitting the contraction force to the moving module 200, driving the moving module 200 to slide outward in the first direction against the elastic force of the elastic module 500. As the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 further contract, the moving module 200 gradually extends out of the fixed module 100, achieving the desired effect. Figure 16 and 17 The extended state shown.

[0094] In this design, each direction-changing module 400 no longer consists of a single bell-shaped crank 401, but rather achieves direction changing through two symmetrically arranged bell-shaped cranks 401. The two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 are respectively connected to the first arms 4011 of the two bell-shaped cranks 401. This design allows the two bell-shaped cranks 401 to work together. The symmetrical arrangement of the two bell-shaped cranks 401 allows them to coordinate with each other during movement, avoiding excessive wear or uneven force on one side, resulting in more balanced and stable force transmission, and effectively reducing vibration or damage caused by mechanical imbalance. This embodiment innovatively integrates multiple force transmission units into the actuation effect of a single actuation module 300 by cooperating with the actuation module 300 and the two bell-shaped cranks 401. This makes the entire system more efficient and compact, effectively improving the system's power transmission capacity while reducing the number of components, thereby simplifying the production, assembly, and maintenance process.

[0095] Furthermore, in this embodiment, since both ends of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 are connected to the movable first arm 4011, its two ends can move synchronously during operation. The first shape memory alloy wire 301 has no absolutely fixed end. Combined with the symmetrical design of the two bell-shaped cranks 401, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 can always move in the same direction and to the same degree during operation. Based on this characteristic, the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 in its natural state is set to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. This ensures that the first shape memory alloy wire 301 always extends along the second direction during operation. When the second shape memory alloy wire 303 is included, its extension direction in its natural state is a third direction perpendicular to both the first and second directions. This ensures that the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 are always within the plane formed by the second and third directions during operation, i.e., within the plane perpendicular to the first direction. The first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 always remain in the same plane during operation, that is, in the plane perpendicular to the first direction. This greatly reduces the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 in the linear motion direction of the mobile module 200 throughout the entire working cycle, which can significantly reduce the overall thickness of the drive mechanism. This is especially suitable for scenarios with high requirements for thinness and lightness in smart terminals.

[0096] Example 5

[0097] Based on the technical solution of any one of the embodiments in Examples 1-4, such as Figure 18 and19 As shown, in this embodiment, the surface of the second arm 4012 that contacts the moving module 200 is a curved surface.

[0098] As the bell-shaped crank 401 rotates around the first pivot axis 402, the contact position between the moving module 200 and the second arm 4012 is constantly changing. The curved surface of the contact between the second arm 4012 and the moving module 200 reduces friction during this change in contact position. This curved contact allows the second arm 4012 to move more smoothly on the contact surface of the moving module 200, resulting in a more stable and accurate movement. Specifically, the curved design makes the contact surface between the second arm 4012 and the moving module 200 smoother, effectively reducing friction at the contact point. Compared to planar contact, curved contact provides a more uniform pressure distribution, avoiding high-pressure areas caused by localized point-to-surface contact, and reducing wear and heat accumulation. Reducing friction not only extends the system's lifespan but also reduces energy consumption and improves overall efficiency.

[0099] In some embodiments, the direction conversion module 400 may also be a structure other than the bell crank 401, as illustrated in Embodiments 6 and 7.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] like Figure 20-22As shown, the main structure of the drive mechanism includes a fixed module 100, a moving module 200, an actuation module 300, and a direction conversion module 400. The moving module 200 is configured to reciprocate relative to the fixed module 100 along a first direction. The actuation module 300 includes a first heat dissipation unit and a first shape memory alloy wire 301 whose extension direction is angled relative to the first direction. The first heat dissipation unit is configured to adjust the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire 301. The direction conversion module 400 is connected to both the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the moving module 200. The direction conversion module 400 is configured to generate a driving force on the moving module 200 along the first direction after being actuated by an actuation force along the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301. The direction conversion module 400 includes a first link 404, a second link 405, a third link 406, and a fourth link 407 connected in sequence to form a rhomboid structure. The first link 404 and the second link 405 are rotatably connected by a second pivot shaft 408 fixed on the fixed module 100. The second link 405 and the third link 406 are rotatably connected to a first movable part 410 by a third pivot shaft 409. The third link 406 and the fourth link 407 are rotatably connected to a second movable part 412 by a fourth pivot shaft 411. The fourth link 407 and the first link 404 are rotatably connected to a third movable part 414 by a fifth pivot shaft 413. The second movable part 412 is connected to the moving module 200. The two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 are respectively connected to the first movable part 410 and the third movable part 414. An elastic module 500 is provided between the fixed module 100 and the movable module 200. The elastic module 500 is configured such that the movable module 200 always tends to move along the first direction relative to the fixed module 100.

[0102] The working process of the drive mechanism in this embodiment is described in detail below.

[0103] Initially, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 is in its natural state, with a relatively long length and no shrinkage. The elastic module 500 applies an elastic force to the moving module 200, causing the moving module 200 to be in a position relative to the fixed module 100 as... Figure 20As shown, in the retracted state, the movable module 200, under the action of the elastic module 500, abuts against the second movable part 412, causing the second movable part 412 to move towards the second pivot axis 408. The first movable part 410 and the third movable part 414 move away from each other, ultimately bringing the first shape memory alloy wire 301 into a taut state. The first heat dissipation unit heats the first shape memory alloy wire 301, raising its temperature. The first shape memory alloy wire 301 shrinks and deforms after being heated, significantly shortening its length. The contraction force of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 acts on the first movable part 410 and the third movable part 414 connected at both ends, causing them to move closer together. The second movable part 412 then moves away from the second pivot axis 408, driving the movable module 200 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic module 500 and slide outwards along the first direction. As the first shape memory alloy wire 301 further shrinks, the movable module 200 gradually extends out of the fixed module 100, obtaining... Figure 21 The extended state shown.

[0104] First, the rhomboid structure adopted by the direction conversion module 400 provides more stable mechanical support, ensuring that the actuation force can be efficiently and accurately transmitted to the moving module 200 during operation. The various links are connected by rotation to form a robust and flexible system, which allows the contractile force generated by the first shape memory alloy wire 301 to be effectively transmitted and converted through multiple links, propelling the moving module 200 to move in the first direction.

[0105] Secondly, due to the design of the rhomboid structure, the contact position between the moving module 200 and the second active part 412 will not change, and the mechanical action on the moving module 200 is more stable, reducing the errors or imbalances that may be caused by changes in the contact point of force during movement, thereby improving the reliability of the system and the stability of long-term operation.

[0106] Furthermore, since the two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 are respectively connected to the movable first movable part 410 and the third movable part 414, its two ends can move synchronously during operation. The first shape memory alloy wire 301 has no absolutely fixed end. In addition, the symmetrical design of the rhomboid structure ensures that the first shape memory alloy wire 301 can always move in the same direction and to the same extent during operation. Based on this feature, the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 in its natural state can be set to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. This ensures that the first shape memory alloy wire 301 always extends along the second direction during operation, which greatly reduces the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire 301 in the linear motion direction of the mobile module 200 throughout the entire working cycle. This can significantly reduce the overall thickness of the drive mechanism, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with high requirements for thinness and lightness in smart terminals.

[0107] Example 7

[0108] The difference from Example 6 is that: Figure 23-26 As shown, based on Embodiment 6, the actuation module 300 includes two parallel first shape memory alloy wires 301. The actuation module 300 also includes two second heat dissipation units 302 and one second shape memory alloy wire 303. The two second heat dissipation units 302 are respectively disposed in the middle section of the two first shape memory alloy wires 301. The second shape memory alloy wire 303 is connected between the two second heat dissipation units 302. The second heat dissipation units 302 are configured to adjust the temperature of the second shape memory alloy wire 303. The two first shape memory alloy wires 301 and one second shape memory alloy wire 303 form an I-shaped structure.

[0109] The specific description of the drive mechanism in this embodiment is as follows.

[0110] In the initial state, the elastic module 500 applies an elastic force to the moving module 200, causing the moving module 200 to be in a position relative to the fixed module 100 as follows: Figure 23 and 24 The retracted state is shown. Under the action of the elastic module 500, the moving module 200 abuts against the second movable part 412, causing the second movable part 412 to move toward the second pivot axis 408, and the first movable part 410 and the third movable part 414 to move away from each other, so that the two first shape memory alloy wires 301 and one second shape memory alloy wire 303 are all in an unshrunken taut state, forming a standard I-shaped structure. The first heat dissipation unit heats the first shape memory alloy wire 301, raising its temperature. Upon heating, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 contracts and deforms, significantly shortening its length. The contraction force of the first shape memory alloy wire 301 acts on the first movable part 410 and the third movable part 414 connected at both ends, causing them to move closer together. The second heat dissipation unit 302 heats the second shape memory alloy wire 303, raising its temperature. After contracting, the second shape memory alloy wire 303 pulls the middle sections of the two first shape memory alloy wires 301 closer together. This deformation further affects the overall tension distribution of the first shape memory alloy wires 301, driving the first movable part 410 and the third movable part 414 to move closer together, completing a larger range of motion in the system. The second movable part 412 moves away from the second pivot axis 408, driving the movable module 200 to slide outward in the first direction against the elastic force of the elastic module 500. As the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 further contract, the movable module 200 gradually extends out of the fixed module 100, achieving the desired effect. Figure 25 and26 The extended state shown.

[0111] Building upon the technical effects achieved in the previous embodiments, in this embodiment, the arrangement of two first shape memory alloy lines 301 provides basic stability for the system in its initial state. A second shape memory alloy line 303, perpendicular to the two first shape memory alloy lines 301, connects the middle sections of the two first shape memory alloy lines 301 to each other. This provides an additional control variable, enabling the system to achieve more complex state changes. The coordinated operation of the first and second shape memory alloy lines 301 allows for the precise and phased control of the system's motion amplitude. Furthermore, the extension direction of the second shape memory alloy wire 303 in its natural state is a third direction perpendicular to both the first and second directions. This ensures that the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 are always in the plane formed by the second and third directions during operation, that is, in the plane perpendicular to the first direction. The first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 always remain in the same plane during operation, that is, in the plane perpendicular to the first direction. This greatly reduces the space occupied by the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 in the linear motion direction of the mobile module 200 throughout the entire working cycle, which can significantly reduce the overall thickness of the drive mechanism. It is especially suitable for scenarios with high requirements for thinness and lightness in smart terminals.

[0112] It should be explained that in this application, the first shape memory alloy wire 301 and the second shape memory alloy wire 303 are respectively driven to heat by a control circuit. The control circuit is a shape memory alloy driving circuit commonly used in the art, so it will not be described in detail.

[0113] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “” used herein may also indicate the inclusion of the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated, unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0114] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0115] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A driving mechanism, characterized in that, include: Fixed module; The movable module is configured to slide reciprocally relative to the fixed module along a first direction; An actuation module includes a first shape memory alloy wire whose extension direction is at an angle relative to the first direction and a first heat dissipation unit, wherein the first heat dissipation unit is configured to adjust the temperature of the first shape memory alloy wire. A direction conversion module is connected to the first shape memory alloy wire and the moving module, respectively. The direction conversion module is configured to generate a driving force on the moving module along the first direction after being actuated by an actuation force along the extension direction of the first shape memory alloy wire.

2. The driving mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuation module includes two parallel first shape memory alloy lines. The actuation module also includes two second heat dissipation units respectively disposed in the middle section of the two first shape memory alloy lines and a second shape memory alloy line connected between the two second heat dissipation units. The second heat dissipation units are configured to adjust the temperature of the second shape memory alloy lines.

3. The driving mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, An elastic module is provided between the fixed module and the moving module. The elastic module is configured such that the moving module always tends to move along the first direction relative to the fixed module.

4. The driving mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The direction conversion module includes a bell-shaped crank and a first pivot shaft connected to the fixed module. The bell-shaped crank includes a first arm and a second arm. The connection between the first arm and the second arm is rotatably connected to the first pivot shaft. The first shape memory alloy wire is connected to the first arm, and the second arm is connected to the moving module.

5. The driving mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The direction conversion module includes a first fixing part fixed on the fixing module, one end of the first shape memory alloy wire is connected to the first fixing part, and the other end is connected to the first arm.

6. The driving mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The actuation module and the direction conversion module are provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of actuation modules and direction conversion modules are arranged symmetrically or in a circular array.

7. The driving mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the direction conversion modules includes two bell-shaped cranks arranged symmetrically, with the two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire respectively connected to the first arms of the two bell-shaped cranks.

8. The driving mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the second arm that contacts the mobile module is curved.

9. The driving mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The direction conversion module includes a first link, a second link, a third link, and a fourth link connected in sequence to form a rhombic structure. The first link and the second link are rotatably connected by a second pivot shaft fixed on the fixed module. The second link and the third link are rotatably connected to a first movable part by a third pivot shaft. The third link and the fourth link are rotatably connected to a second movable part by a fourth pivot shaft. The fourth link and the first link are rotatably connected to a third movable part by a fifth pivot shaft. The second movable part is connected to the moving module. The two ends of the first shape memory alloy wire are respectively connected to the first movable part and the third movable part.

10. A camera device, characterized in that, Includes the drive mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the moving module is the lens of the camera device.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the camera device as described in claim 10.

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