Nuclear power plant containment, reactor building and nuclear power plant

Abstract

The utility model discloses a nuclear power plant containment, a reactor building and a nuclear power plant, which can filter radioactive aerosol in the containment and reduce or prevent the radioactive aerosol from leaking to the external environment through the nuclear power plant containment. The nuclear power plant containment comprises a containment body (4) and a porous medium layer (3). The porous medium layer (3) is arranged on the inner wall surface of the containment vessel body (4) and is used for filtering aerosol in the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear power technology, specifically relating to a nuclear power plant containment vessel, reactor building, and nuclear power plant. Background Technology

[0002] Following a serious accident at a nuclear power plant, radioactive fission products migrate from the main loop into the entire containment. Currently, the source term assessment process for nuclear power plants considers the deposition of radioactive fission products in the main loop system and within the containment; however, some radioactive aerosols may still leak from the containment into the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a nuclear power plant containment vessel, reactor building and nuclear power plant that can filter radioactive aerosols inside the containment vessel and reduce or prevent radioactive aerosols from leaking into the external environment through the nuclear power plant containment vessel.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a nuclear power plant containment vessel, which includes a containment vessel body and a porous media layer. The porous media layer is disposed on the inner wall surface of the containment vessel body and is used to filter aerosols inside the nuclear power plant containment vessel.

[0005] In some embodiments, the porous media layer is distributed across the entire inner wall surface of the containment body.

[0006] In some embodiments, the porosity α of the porous medium layer satisfies: 0.8 ≤ a ≤ 0.9.

[0007] In some embodiments, the thickness b of the porous dielectric layer satisfies:

[0008] 2mm≤b≤50mm.

[0009] In some embodiments, the porous dielectric layer is made of a thermally conductive metal fiber material.

[0010] In some embodiments, the metal fiber material is a metal fiber material capable of elastic deformation.

[0011] In some embodiments, the nuclear power plant containment vessel further includes a penetration member. The penetration member penetrates the containment vessel body and the porous media layer, and a seal is provided between the outer wall of the penetration member and the containment vessel body; the metal fiber material in the porous media layer also extends outward to the location of the seal.

[0012] In some embodiments, the nuclear power plant containment vessel further includes a containment base, on which the containment body is mounted. The porous media layer is secured to the inner wall surface of the containment body by fasteners.

[0013] Therefore, the nuclear power plant containment provided in this embodiment of the invention, by providing a porous media layer on the inner wall surface of the containment body, will first be filtered by the porous media layer during the process of radioactive aerosols moving to the containment body, thereby reducing or avoiding the leakage of radioactive aerosols from the nuclear power plant containment to the external environment.

[0014] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a reactor building, which includes the nuclear power plant containment vessel and reactor main equipment as described in the first aspect, with the reactor main equipment located inside the nuclear power plant containment vessel.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a nuclear power plant, which includes a nuclear fuel building, a safety building, a nuclear auxiliary building, an electrical building, an auxiliary building, and a reactor building as described in the second aspect.

[0016] The reactor building and nuclear power plant provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the same beneficial effects as the nuclear power plant containment structure described above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 : A structural diagram of a nuclear power plant containment vessel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 :for Figure 1 A magnified view of the Q region. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a nuclear power plant containment structure, which is used in a nuclear power plant to protect the main reactor equipment inside. The containment structure includes a containment body 4 and a porous media layer 3. The porous media layer 3 is disposed on the inner wall surface of the containment body 4 and is used to filter aerosols inside the containment structure.

[0022] For example, the containment body 4 forms the main frame of the nuclear power plant containment. The material of the containment body 4 includes concrete, which can give the containment body 4 high strength and improve the protective shielding function of the containment body 4.

[0023] In actual production, there may be tiny gaps such as seams on the containment vessel body 4. After a serious accident at a nuclear power plant, radioactive aerosols will be generated inside the containment vessel. These radioactive aerosols may leak to the outside of the containment vessel through these tiny gaps. In this case, the porous media layer 3 set on the inner wall of the containment vessel body 4 can adsorb and filter the aerosols, thereby reducing or preventing the leakage of radioactive aerosols into the environment through the containment vessel. This will significantly optimize the source term assessment results of the nuclear power plant and benefit the safety review process.

[0024] Therefore, the nuclear power plant containment provided in this embodiment of the invention, by providing a porous media layer 3 on the inner wall surface of the containment body 4, will first be filtered by the porous media layer 3 during the process of radioactive aerosols moving to the containment body 4, thereby reducing or avoiding the leakage of radioactive aerosols into the external environment through the nuclear power plant containment.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the porous medium layer 3 is distributed on the entire inner wall surface of the containment body 4.

[0026] With the above settings, radioactive aerosols can be filtered at any position on the entire inner wall of the containment body 4, preventing radioactive aerosols from leaking into the environment through the nuclear power plant containment where the porous media layer 3 is not installed, thereby improving the filtration effect of radioactive aerosols.

[0027] In some embodiments, the porosity α of the porous medium layer 3 satisfies: 0.8 ≤ a ≤ 0.9.

[0028] For example, the porosity α of the porous medium layer 3 can be 0.8, 0.85, or 0.9, etc.

[0029] When the porosity α of the porous media layer 3 meets the above-mentioned range, the surface area of ​​the porous media layer 3 can be larger, thus enabling the porous media layer 3 to have a better filtration effect. Furthermore, the above-mentioned configuration can reduce the density of the porous media layer 3, making it easier to fix the porous media layer 3 to the inner wall surface of the containment body 4.

[0030] In some embodiments, the thickness b of the porous dielectric layer 3 satisfies: 2mm ≤ b ≤ 50mm.

[0031] For example, the thickness b of the porous dielectric layer 3 can be 2 mm, 10 mm, 30 mm or 50 mm, etc.

[0032] The greater the thickness of the porous media layer 3, the stronger the filtration effect of the porous media layer 3 on aerosols; when the thickness of the porous media layer 3 is small, the space occupied by the porous media layer 3 inside the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant can be reduced.

[0033] With the above settings, the porous media layer 3 can be used to reduce its occupancy of the internal space of the nuclear power plant containment while ensuring the filtration effect of the porous media layer 3 on aerosols, making it easier to arrange other equipment inside the nuclear power plant containment.

[0034] In practical applications, the thickness b of the porous dielectric layer 3 can also be determined by taking into account factors such as the economy of the porous dielectric layer 3, pressure drop, and whether it affects the thermal conductivity of the nuclear power plant containment, so as to achieve better overall performance of the nuclear power plant containment.

[0035] In some embodiments, the porous dielectric layer 3 is made of a thermally conductive metal fiber material.

[0036] For example, the thermally conductive metal fiber material can be 304 stainless steel, 316 stainless steel, nickel alloy, nickel, titanium, etc.

[0037] Metal fiber materials help increase the porosity of the porous medium layer 3, and metal fiber materials can conduct heat, which can guide the high temperature inside the nuclear power plant containment in the event of an accident to the containment body 4, and finally conduct it to the outside of the nuclear power plant containment through the containment body 4, which is conducive to reducing the risk inside the nuclear power plant containment after an accident.

[0038] In some embodiments, the metal fiber material is a metal fiber material capable of elastic deformation.

[0039] In the instant of a nuclear power plant accident, the containment vessel generates a high-pressure environment, which may cause deformation of the metal fiber material in the porous media layer 3. The aforementioned design allows the metal fiber material in the porous media layer 3 to approximately return to its pre-deformation shape after deformation, thus maintaining the aerosol filtration efficiency of the porous media layer 3.

[0040] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The nuclear power plant containment also includes a penetration member 5. The penetration member 5 penetrates the containment body 4 and the porous media layer 3, and a seal 2 is provided between the outer wall of the penetration member 5 and the containment body 4; the metal fiber material in the porous media layer 3 also extends outward to the location of the seal 2.

[0041] For example, the penetrating element 5 can be a mechanical penetrating element or an electrical penetrating element, through which the exchange of materials or electrical signals between the inside and outside of the nuclear power plant containment can be realized.

[0042] For example, the seal 2 can be a sealing ring or concrete filler, etc.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the metal fiber material in the porous media layer 3 can fill the gap between the containment body 4 and the penetration 5, thereby enhancing the filtration effect of the porous media layer 3 on aerosols at the position between the containment body 4 and the penetration 5, and preventing leakage of radioactive aerosols caused by poor sealing between the penetration 5 and the seal 2, and between the seal 2 and the containment body 4.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the nuclear power plant containment also includes a containment base 1, and the containment body 4 is mounted on the containment base 1. The porous media layer 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the containment body 4 by fasteners 6.

[0045] The containment base 1 is used to support the components mounted on it and to prevent radioactive materials from leaking into the lower part of the nuclear power plant containment.

[0046] For example, fastener 6 can be a screw or rivet, etc.

[0047] The fastening method of fastener 6 is characterized by its simple structure and low cost. By fixing the porous dielectric layer 3 with fastener 6, the fixing method of the porous dielectric layer 3 is simplified and the fixing cost of the porous dielectric layer 3 is reduced.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] This invention also provides a reactor building, which includes the nuclear power plant containment vessel and reactor main equipment as described in Embodiment 1. The reactor main equipment is located inside the nuclear power plant containment vessel.

[0050] For example, the main equipment of a reactor includes the reactor vessel, main water pump, evaporator, main piping, etc.

[0051] The porous media layer 3 in the containment structure of the nuclear power plant can filter radioactive aerosols to reduce or prevent radioactive aerosols from leaking to the outside through the containment structure, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the reactor building under accident conditions.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] This invention also provides a nuclear power plant, which includes a nuclear fuel building, a safety building, a nuclear auxiliary building, an electrical building, an auxiliary building, and the reactor building in Embodiment 2.

[0054] For example, the nuclear fuel building, safety building, nuclear auxiliary building, electrical building, and auxiliary buildings are all arranged around the reactor building.

[0055] The fuel plant is equipped with a spent fuel storage pool for storing spent fuel.

[0056] The auxiliary building houses the reactor auxiliary systems (safety injection system, cooling water system, etc.) and the air handling and cooling equipment required for the reactor building.

[0057] The electrical building is equipped with the necessary electrical instrumentation systems to meet the power supply needs of various equipment within the reactor building.

[0058] Therefore, in the event of a serious accident in the reactor building of a nuclear power plant that generates radioactive aerosols, the porous media layer 3 in the nuclear power plant containment can filter the radioactive aerosols, thereby reducing or preventing the leakage of radioactive aerosols to the outside through the nuclear power plant containment. This can significantly optimize the source term assessment results of the nuclear power plant and facilitate the safety review process of the nuclear power plant.

[0059] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A containment vessel for a nuclear power plant, characterized in that, include: Containment body (4); and, A porous media layer (3) is disposed on the inner wall surface of the containment body (4) for filtering aerosols inside the nuclear power plant containment.

2. The nuclear power plant containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous media layer (3) is distributed across the entire inner wall surface of the containment body (4).

3. The nuclear power plant containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porosity a of the porous medium layer (3) satisfies: 0.8≤a≤0.

9.

4. The nuclear power plant containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness b of the porous medium layer (3) satisfies: 2mm≤b≤50mm.

5. The nuclear power plant containment vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous medium layer (3) is made of thermally conductive metal fiber material.

6. The nuclear power plant containment vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The metal fiber material is a metal fiber material that can undergo elastic deformation.

7. The nuclear power plant containment vessel according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes the penetrating component (5); The penetrating member (5) penetrates the containment body (4) and the porous medium layer (3), and a sealing member (2) is provided between the outer wall of the penetrating member (5) and the containment body (4); the metal fiber material in the porous medium layer (3) extends outward to the location of the sealing member (2).

8. The nuclear power plant containment vessel according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It also includes a containment base (1), and the containment body (4) is mounted on the containment base (1); The porous medium layer (3) is fixed to the inner wall surface of the containment body (4) by a fastener (6).

9. A reactor building, characterized in that, include: Nuclear power plant containment as described in any one of claims 1-8; and, The main reactor equipment is located inside the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant.

10. A nuclear power plant, characterized in that, It includes nuclear fuel facilities, safety facilities, nuclear auxiliary facilities, electrical facilities, ancillary facilities, and reactor facilities as described in claim 9.

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