Lightweight turbocharger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lightweight turbocharger, relates to turbocharging technical field, including turbine end, intermediate casing and compressed air end, intermediate casing is located between turbine end and compressed air end, intermediate casing is equipped with turbine shaft transversely, install the suspension bearing and protective jacket between turbine shaft and intermediate casing, the suspension bearing surrounds the turbine shaft, and the protective jacket is equipped with the suspension bearing. The protective sleeve is arranged around the suspension bearing; an oil injection pipeline and an oil storage cavity are arranged on the two sides of the turbine shaft correspondingly, and an oil injection through hole is formed in the side, facing the oil injection pipeline, of the protective sleeve. Therefore, the middle shell adopts an all-aluminum machine body, the floating bearing and the sealing ring section adopt a spline type split casting steel structure inlaying mode, the strength is improved, the abrasion resistance is improved, the spline structure can better and rapidly dissipate heat generated by high-speed work of the bearing, the temperature of a shaft system is reduced, and the thermal load temperature of the shaft system is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of turbocharging technology, and in particular to a lightweight turbocharger. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of industrialization, especially for products used in special engines, the weight requirements for the entire engine components are very strict. This requires that the weight design of each component should meet the requirements of use while using a smaller volume to meet the needs of lightweight materials.

[0003] To further reduce the weight of turbochargers, existing lightweight turbochargers generally use aluminum. However, aluminum has poor wear resistance, which leads to severe wear inside the bearing housing during prolonged operation, resulting in shaft damage and sealing problems. Therefore, how to extend the service life of turbochargers while achieving weight reduction is a current challenge. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the above-mentioned shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a lightweight turbocharger, aiming to solve the problem that existing turbochargers cannot simultaneously achieve both lightweight design and service life.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A lightweight turbocharger includes a turbine end, an intermediate housing, and a compressor end. The intermediate housing is located between the turbine end and the compressor end. A turbine shaft is disposed within the intermediate housing, with one end of the turbine shaft facing the turbine end and the other end facing the compressor end. A suspension bearing and a protective sleeve are installed between the turbine shaft and the intermediate housing. The suspension bearing is arranged around the turbine shaft, and the protective sleeve is arranged around the suspension bearing. An oil injection pipe and an oil storage chamber are respectively provided on both sides of the turbine shaft. One end of the oil injection pipe is connected to the outer wall of the intermediate housing, and the other end of the oil injection pipe extends towards the protective sleeve. An oil injection through hole is opened on the side of the protective sleeve facing the oil injection pipe. One end of the oil injection through hole is connected to the oil injection pipe, and the other end of the oil injection through hole extends towards the suspension bearing.

[0007] The number of the suspension bearings is two, and the protective sleeve includes a first section and a second section. The first section and the second section are respectively matched with the two suspension bearings. The area between the first section and the second section is formed by the outer wall of the protective sleeve being recessed towards the inner wall of the protective sleeve to form a groove.

[0008] The area between the first segment and the second segment is hollowed out.

[0009] There are two oil injection holes, which are respectively matched with two suspension bearings. Several heat dissipation fins are arranged between the two oil injection holes, and the heat dissipation fins are arranged around the outer wall of the protective sleeve.

[0010] The turbine end, intermediate shell, and compressor end are all made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

[0011] The turbine end includes a turbine housing, and a water-cooling cavity is provided through the turbine housing. An inlet and an outlet are installed on the side wall of the turbine housing, and both the inlet and the outlet are connected to the water-cooling cavity.

[0012] The water-cooling cavity is provided with several reinforcing ribs.

[0013] The turbine end also includes turbine blades, which are arranged around the turbine blades, and the root of the turbine blades is rounded.

[0014] The protective sleeve and the compressed air end are sequentially provided with a first baffle, an oil baffle, a second baffle, and a cover plate. The first baffle includes a blocking section and a receiving section. The receiving section is located between the blocking section and the second baffle. The oil baffle is arranged around the receiving section. One end of the oil baffle is provided with a first pipe. One end of the first pipe is connected to an oil injection pipe, and the other end of the first pipe extends towards the receiving section. The second baffle includes an interception section and an assembly section. The assembly section is located on the side of the interception section away from the oil baffle. The cover plate is arranged around the assembly section. A first gasket is provided between the cover plate and the assembly section. A second gasket is provided between the cover plate and the inner wall of the intermediate shell. The end of the cover plate facing the oil baffle is recessed towards the compressed air end to form an oil accumulation chamber. One side of the oil accumulation chamber is connected to the oil storage chamber.

[0015] A support arm is installed at the bottom of the middle shell.

[0016] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] First, the intermediate housing uses an all-aluminum body, and the floating bearings and sealing rings employ a splined, split-type cast steel structure inlay to improve strength and increase wear resistance. The splined structure can better dissipate the heat generated by the bearings at high speeds, reducing shaft temperature and effectively lowering the thermal load temperature of the shaft system. This structure ensures the reliability of the shaft system during operation while minimizing the weight of the intermediate housing. Second, the combination of the water-cooling cavity and reinforcing ribs ensures that the turbine end's weight is reduced while maintaining its strength, and prevents the turbine end from deforming due to high temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a lightweight turbocharger;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the intermediate shell;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective sleeve;

[0021] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a protective case;

[0022] Figure 5 This is another structural diagram of the protective case;

[0023] Figure 6 Left view of the protective case;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the turbine end;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part 'a';

[0026] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the support arm.

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Turbine end, 11-Water cooling cavity, 12-Outlet, 13-Reinforcing rib, 14-Turbine blade, 2-Intermediate shell, 21-Suspension bearing, 22-Protective sleeve, 221-Oil injection hole, 222-First section, 223-Second section, 224-Groove, 225-Heat dissipation fins, 23-Oil injection pipe, 24-Oil storage cavity, 25-First baffle, 251-Receiving section, 252-Blocking section, 26-Oil baffle, 261-Oil inlet pipe, 27-Second baffle, 271-Assembly section, 272-Interception section, 28-Cover plate, 281-First washer, 282-Second washer, 283-Oil accumulation cavity, 3-Compressor end, 4-Turbine shaft, 5-Support arm. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example:

[0030] like Figures 1-2As shown, a lightweight turbocharger includes a turbine end 1, an intermediate housing 2, and a compressor end 3. The intermediate housing 2 is located between the turbine end 1 and the compressor end 3. A turbine shaft 4 is disposed within the intermediate housing 2, with one end of the turbine shaft 4 facing the turbine end 1 and the other end facing the compressor end 3. The turbine end 1 is used to recover the power generated during exhaust gas discharge. In this process, the turbine end 1 drives the turbine shaft 4 to rotate, and the rotation of the turbine shaft 4 drives the compressor end 3 to work. To facilitate a lightweight turbocharger, this design replaces the traditional ductile iron material with aluminum. However, the aluminum intermediate housing 2 has poor wear resistance and high-temperature resistance. Therefore, a suspension bearing 21 and a protective sleeve 22 are installed between the turbine shaft 4 and the intermediate housing 2. The suspension bearing 21 is arranged around the turbine shaft 4, and the protective sleeve 22 is arranged around the suspension bearing 21. The protective sleeve 22 is installed inside the intermediate housing 2. The protective sleeve 22 is made of a wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant metal material. The turbine shaft 4 passes through the protective sleeve 22, and the suspension bearing 21 is located between the turbine shaft 4 and the protective sleeve 22. When the turbine shaft 4 rotates, the sidewall of the suspension bearing 21 will rotate and rub against the inner wall of the protective sleeve 22, while the protective sleeve 22 remains fixed. That is, the protective sleeve 22 will not rub against the aluminum intermediate shell 2. Therefore, this design greatly increases the wear resistance of the intermediate shell 2. Moreover, because the protective sleeve 22 is small in size, it will not excessively increase the weight of the entire turbocharger.

[0031] To further reduce friction, oil injection pipes 23 and oil storage chambers 24 are respectively provided on both sides of the turbine shaft 4. One end of the oil injection pipe 23 is connected to the outer wall of the intermediate shell 2, and the other end of the oil injection pipe 23 extends towards the protective sleeve 22. The protective sleeve 22 has an oil injection through hole 221 on the side facing the oil injection pipe 23. One end of the oil injection through hole 221 is connected to the oil injection pipe 23, and the other end of the oil injection through hole 221 extends towards the suspension bearing 21. The oil injection pipe 23 delivers external lubricating oil into the intermediate shell 2. The lubricating oil reaches the outer wall of the protective sleeve 22 along the oil injection pipe 23, and then reaches the interior of the protective sleeve 22 through the oil injection through hole 221. At this time, the lubricating oil will fill the gap between the suspension bearing 21 and the inner wall of the protective sleeve 22, forming a lubricating oil film. At this time, the friction force on the suspension bearing 21 during rotation will be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the lubricating oil continues to move towards the turbine shaft 4 and fills the space between the turbine shaft 4 and the suspension bearing 21. At this time, the friction force experienced by the turbine shaft 4 during rotation will be greatly reduced. Subsequently, the lubricating oil will collect in the oil storage chamber 24 and be discharged through the oil outlet at the bottom of the oil storage chamber 24. In this process, the lubricating oil not only reduces friction, but also carries away heat from the intermediate shell 2 during its flow, thus playing a cooling role.

[0032] To facilitate support of the turbine shaft 4, two suspension bearings 21 are provided, and the two suspension bearings 21 are respectively installed at both ends of the protective sleeve 22.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, corresponding to the suspension bearing 21, the protective sleeve 22 includes a first segment 222 and a second segment 223. The first segment 222 and the second segment 223 respectively cooperate with two suspension bearings 21. The area between the first segment 222 and the second segment 223 is formed by the outer wall of the protective sleeve 22 recessing towards the inner wall of the protective sleeve 22 to form a groove 224. The presence of the groove 224 reduces the thickness of the outer wall of the protective sleeve 22, that is, reduces the overall weight of the protective sleeve 22, thereby further reducing the weight of the entire turbocharger.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the area between the first segment 222 and the second segment 223 is hollowed out. This hollowed-out design has the following advantages: firstly, it further reduces weight; secondly, it increases the contact area with lubricating oil, thus increasing heat dissipation; and thirdly, it ensures that the protective sleeve 22 maintains a certain structural strength while reducing weight.

[0035] In order to minimize weight, such as Figure 5 As shown, there are two protective sleeves 22, which are respectively arranged around the two suspension bearings 21. This design is equivalent to omitting the area between the first segment 222 and the second segment 223, thus reducing the weight of the protective sleeve 22 itself to the greatest extent.

[0036] To facilitate the rapid delivery of lubricating oil to the suspension bearing 21, two oil injection holes 221 are provided, each corresponding to one of the two suspension bearings 21. Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of heat dissipation fins 225 are disposed between the two oil filling holes 221, and the plurality of heat dissipation fins 225 are arranged around the outer wall of the protective sleeve 22. The function of the heat dissipation fins 225 is to increase the contact area with the lubricating oil.

[0037] In this design, the turbine end 1, intermediate shell 2, and compressor end 3 are all made of aluminum. However, aluminum has limited high-temperature resistance; the exhaust gas temperature received by the turbine shell can reach thousands of degrees Celsius, which can cause the aluminum turbine shell to soften and deform. To avoid this problem, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the turbine end 1 includes a turbine housing, through which a water-cooling cavity 11 is disposed. An inlet and an outlet 12 are installed on the side wall of the turbine housing, both connected to the water-cooling cavity 11. The presence of the water-cooling cavity 11 reduces the weight of the turbine end 1 and also temporarily stores the cooling medium, cooling the turbine end 1 to keep it operating within a suitable range and preventing it from softening and deforming.

[0038] To ensure the strength of the turbine end 1, several reinforcing ribs 13 are provided inside the water-cooling cavity 11. The reinforcing ribs 13 are strip-shaped, with their two ends connected to the inner wall of the water-cooling cavity 11. This design increases the contact area between the water-cooling cavity 11 and the cooling medium, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation speed of the turbine end 1.

[0039] To reduce vibration, the turbine end 1 also includes turbine blades 14, which are arranged around the turbine blades 14, and the roots of the turbine blades 14 are rounded. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of the turbine's operating load, airflow impact, and maximum speed, the turbine's internal structure is hollow, and the turbine strength is improved by gradually increasing the radius of the turbine blade roots 14, thus avoiding increased vibration of the turbine blades 14 under airflow impact. The hollow structure effectively reduces weight while improving the start-up responsiveness of the turbine shaft 4.

[0040] like Figure 8 As shown, to increase the sealing strength, a first baffle 25, an oil baffle 26, a second baffle 27, and a cover plate 28 are sequentially arranged between the protective sleeve 22 and the compressed air end 3. The first baffle 25 includes a blocking section 252 and a receiving section 251. The receiving section 251 is located between the blocking section 252 and the second baffle 27. The oil baffle 26 is arranged around the receiving section 251. One end of the oil baffle 26 is provided with an oil inlet pipe 261. One end of the oil inlet pipe 261 is connected to the oil injection pipe 23, and the other end of the oil inlet pipe 261 leads to... The receiving section 251 extends; the second baffle 27 includes an intercepting section 272 and an assembly section 271. The assembly section 271 is located on the side of the intercepting section 272 away from the oil baffle 26. The cover plate 28 is arranged around the assembly section 271. A first gasket 281 is provided between the cover plate 28 and the assembly section 271. A second gasket 282 is provided between the cover plate 28 and the inner wall of the intermediate shell 2. The end of the cover plate 28 facing the oil baffle 26 is recessed towards the air compressor end 3 to form an oil accumulation chamber 283. One side of the oil accumulation chamber 283 is connected to the oil storage chamber 24. Through the quadruple sealing of the first baffle 25, the oil baffle 26, the second baffle 27, and the cover plate 28, the lubricating oil is ultimately blocked by the cover plate 28 and sent to the oil storage chamber 24 through the oil accumulation chamber 283, preventing the lubricating oil from leaking to the outside through the gaps between the structures.

[0041] Traditional turbochargers are fixed to the engine using a front-mounted flange. However, when end-users have very high requirements for the overall weight of the turbocharger, a lightweight all-aluminum structure is adopted. To ensure the reliability of the overall layout and matching, the lightweight turbocharger uses a support method that places the working center of gravity on the intermediate body, balancing the working center of gravity of the compressor housing, turbine housing, and shaft system to the overall center of gravity of the turbocharger, thus significantly improving the turbocharger's reliability. In this regard, as... Figure 9As shown, a support arm 5 is installed at the bottom of the intermediate housing 2 in this design. This design ensures that the center of gravity of the turbocharger is located between the support arm 5 and the intermediate housing during operation, preventing the entire turbocharger from tilting and affecting its final service life.

[0042] In summary, this design offers the following advantages: First, the intermediate housing 2 utilizes an all-aluminum body, while the floating bearings and sealing rings are constructed using a spline-type split cast steel structure to enhance strength and wear resistance. The spline structure effectively dissipates heat generated by the bearings during high-speed operation, reducing shaft temperature and thus minimizing the thermal load on the shaft system. This structure ensures the reliability of the shaft system during operation while minimizing the weight of the intermediate housing 2. Second, the combination of the water-cooling cavity 11 and the reinforcing ribs 13 ensures that the turbine end 1 maintains its strength while reducing its weight, and prevents deformation of the turbine end 1 due to high temperatures.

[0043] This utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above concept without creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A lightweight turbocharger, comprising a turbine end (1), an intermediate housing (2), and a compressor end (3), wherein the intermediate housing (2) is located between the turbine end (1) and the compressor end (3), and a turbine shaft (4) is disposed within the intermediate housing (2), one end of the turbine shaft (4) facing the turbine end (1) and the other end of the turbine shaft (4) facing the compressor end (3), characterized in that, A suspension bearing (21) and a protective sleeve (22) are installed between the turbine shaft (4) and the intermediate shell (2). The suspension bearing (21) is arranged around the turbine shaft (4), and the protective sleeve (22) is arranged around the suspension bearing (21). An oil injection pipe (23) and an oil storage chamber (24) are respectively arranged on both sides of the turbine shaft (4). One end of the oil injection pipe (23) is connected to the outer wall of the intermediate shell (2), and the other end of the oil injection pipe (23) extends toward the protective sleeve (22). An oil injection through hole (221) is opened on the side of the protective sleeve (22) facing the oil injection pipe (23). One end of the oil injection through hole (221) is connected to the oil injection pipe (23), and the other end of the oil injection through hole (221) extends toward the suspension bearing (21).

2. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the suspension bearings (21) is two. The protective sleeve (22) includes a first section (222) and a second section (223). The first section (222) and the second section (223) respectively cooperate with the two suspension bearings (21). The area between the first section (222) and the second section (223) is formed by the outer wall of the protective sleeve (22) being recessed towards the inner wall of the protective sleeve (22) to form a groove (224).

3. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The area between the first segment (222) and the second segment (223) is hollowed out.

4. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are two oil injection holes (221), which are respectively matched with two suspension bearings (21). A number of heat dissipation fins (225) are arranged between the two oil injection holes (221), and the number of heat dissipation fins (225) are arranged around the outer wall of the protective sleeve (22).

5. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine end (1), intermediate shell (2) and compressor end (3) are all made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

6. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The turbine end (1) includes a turbine housing, and a water-cooling cavity (11) is provided through the turbine housing. An inlet and an outlet (12) are installed on the side wall of the turbine housing, and the inlet and outlet (12) are both connected to the water-cooling cavity (11).

7. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water-cooled cavity (11) is provided with several reinforcing ribs (13).

8. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 7, characterized in that, The turbine end (1) also includes turbine blades (14), the turbine end (1) is arranged around the turbine blades (14), and the root of the turbine blades (14) is rounded.

9. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first baffle (25), an oil baffle (26), a second baffle (27), and a cover plate (28) are sequentially arranged between the protective sleeve (22) and the compressed air end (3). The first baffle (25) includes a blocking section (252) and a receiving section (251). The receiving section (251) is located between the blocking section (252) and the second baffle (27). The oil baffle (26) is arranged around the receiving section (251). A first pipe is provided at one end of the oil baffle (26). One end of the first pipe is connected to the oil injection pipe (23), and the other end of the first pipe extends towards the receiving section (251). The baffle (27) includes an interception section (272) and an assembly section (271). The assembly section (271) is located on the side of the interception section (272) away from the oil baffle (26). The cover plate (28) is arranged around the assembly section (271). A first gasket (281) is provided between the cover plate (28) and the assembly section (271). A second gasket (282) is provided between the cover plate (28) and the inner wall of the intermediate shell (2). The end of the cover plate (28) facing the oil baffle (26) is recessed towards the air end (3) to form an oil accumulation chamber (283). One side of the oil accumulation chamber (283) is connected to the oil storage chamber (24).

10. The lightweight turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support arm (5) is installed at the bottom of the intermediate shell (2).

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