Power supply circuit and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a power supply circuit and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of power supply. The power supply circuit comprises a power supply main circuit, a switch module, a clamping module and a controller, one end of the switch module is connected with the power supply main circuit, the other end is connected with a power supply, and the power supply main circuit is connected with a load; the controller is electrically connected with the control end of the switch module, one end of the clamping module is connected with the power supply main circuit, and the other end is electrically connected with the control end of the switch module; when the power supply main circuit is in a normal state, the switch module is used for being switched on or switched off under the control of the controller; when the power supply main circuit is in a short circuit state, the clamping module is used for clamping the control end voltage of the switch module to be below the conduction voltage so as to turn off the switch module. The power supply circuit and the electronic equipment provided by the utility model have the advantage of reducing the use cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and more specifically, to a power supply circuit and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] A high-side power supply circuit refers to a circuit with a controllable switch added to the power supply terminal. By controlling the switching on and off of the controllable switch, power is supplied to the load. Currently, high-side power supply circuits are widely used in various scenarios, such as powering loads like Hall effect motors, heaters, or indicator lights.

[0003] During the operation of a high-side power supply circuit, it is necessary to detect short-circuit conditions to protect the load. A common solution is to use an intelligent high-side switch chip in the circuit. This chip monitors the circuit for short circuits in real time, and disconnects the circuit upon detection of a short circuit, thus protecting the load.

[0004] However, intelligent high-side switch chips are expensive to use and are not suitable for low-cost power supply circuit scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a power supply circuit and electronic device to solve the problem of high cost of using high-side power supply circuits in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0007] On one hand, this application provides a power supply circuit, which includes a main power supply circuit, a switching module, a clamping module, and a controller. One end of the switching module is connected to the main power supply circuit, and the other end is used to connect to the power supply. The main power supply circuit is used to connect to the load.

[0008] The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module, and one end of the clamping module is connected to the main power supply circuit, while the other end is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module.

[0009] When the main power supply line is in a normal state, the switch module is used to turn on or off under the control of the controller;

[0010] When the main power supply circuit is in a short-circuit state, the clamping module is used to clamp the control terminal voltage of the switch module to below the conduction voltage in order to turn off the switch module.

[0011] Optionally, the switching module includes a first switching unit and a second switching unit. The first switching unit is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit and the power supply, respectively. The control terminal of the first switching unit is electrically connected to the second switching unit, and the control terminal of the second switching unit is electrically connected to the controller.

[0012] When the second switching unit is turned on, the first switching unit is turned on simultaneously;

[0013] When the second switching unit is turned off, the first switching unit is turned off simultaneously.

[0014] Optionally, the first switching unit includes a P-type switching transistor and a first biasing component, and the second switching unit includes an N-type switching transistor and a second biasing component;

[0015] The first end of the P-type switching transistor is used to connect to the power supply, the second end of the P-type switching transistor is used to connect to the load, and the first biasing component is electrically connected to the first end of the P-type switching transistor and the control end respectively.

[0016] The first terminal of the N-type switch is electrically connected to the first biasing component, the second terminal of the N-type switch is grounded, and the second biasing component is electrically connected to the control terminal and the second terminal of the N-type switch respectively; the second biasing component is also electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] Optionally, the power supply circuit further includes a current-limiting resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] Optionally, the clamping module includes a clamping diode, the cathode of which is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit, and the anode of which is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module.

[0019] When the main power supply circuit is de-short-circuited, the clamping module is also used to de-clamp the control terminal voltage of the switching module.

[0020] Optionally, the power supply circuit further includes an overcurrent detection module, which is electrically connected to the power supply, the switching module, and the controller; wherein,

[0021] The overcurrent detection module is used to collect the overcurrent signal of the power supply and transmit the overcurrent signal to the controller when an overcurrent signal is collected.

[0022] The controller is used to control the switching module to turn off when the duration of the overcurrent signal is greater than a threshold.

[0023] Optionally, the overcurrent detection module includes a third switching unit and a detection unit. The third switching unit is electrically connected to the power supply, the switching module, and the detection unit, respectively. The detection unit is also electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] When the power supply experiences an overcurrent, the third switching unit is turned on, and the detection unit is used to transmit the overcurrent signal to the controller.

[0025] Optionally, the third switching unit includes a P-type transistor and a third bias component. The third bias component is electrically connected to the emitter and base of the P-type transistor, respectively. The emitter of the P-type transistor is also electrically connected to the power supply, and the collector of the P-type transistor is electrically connected to the detection unit.

[0026] Optionally, the power supply circuit further includes an output voltage detection module, which is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit and the controller, respectively; wherein,

[0027] The output voltage detection module is used to sample the voltage of the main power supply circuit and transmit the sampled signal to the controller.

[0028] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, the electronic device including a load and the above-described power supply circuit, the power supply circuit being connected to the load and supplying power to the load.

[0029] Optionally, the load includes a Hall motor.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0031] This application provides a power supply circuit and electronic device. The power supply circuit includes a main power supply circuit, a switching module, a clamping module, and a controller. One end of the switching module is connected to the main power supply circuit, and the other end is used to connect to the power supply. The main power supply circuit is used to connect to the load. The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module. One end of the clamping module is connected to the main power supply circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module. When the main power supply circuit is in a normal state, the switching module is used to turn on or off under the control of the controller. When the main power supply circuit is in a short-circuit state, the clamping module is used to clamp the voltage at the control terminal of the switching module below the on-state voltage to turn off the switching module. On the one hand, because the power supply circuit provided in this application can clamp the voltage at the control terminal of the switching module below the on-state voltage when a short circuit occurs, the switching module will turn off and stop supplying power to the load, thus protecting the load. On the other hand, because the power supply circuit provided in this application is constructed using relatively simple discrete components instead of directly using high-side switching chips, the cost can be significantly reduced.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an overcurrent detection circuit built using discrete components in the prior art.

[0037] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 5 This is another circuit diagram of the power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] In the picture:

[0040] 110 - Main power supply circuit; 120 - Switching module; 121 - First switching unit; 122 - Second switching unit; 130 - Clamping module; 140 - Controller; 150 - Output voltage detection module; 160 - Overcurrent detection module; 161 - Third switching unit; 162 - Detection unit; 200 - Load; R1 - First resistor; R2 - Second resistor; R3 - Third resistor; R4 - Fourth resistor; R5 - Current limiting resistor; R6 - Grounding resistor; R7 - Seventh resistor; R8 - Eighth resistor; R9 - Ninth resistor; R10 - Pull-up resistor; R11 - Eleventh resistor; R12 - Twelfth resistor; R13 - Thirteenth resistor; R14 - Fourteenth resistor; Q1 - P-type switching transistor; Q2 - N-type switching transistor; Q3 - P-type transistor; C1 - First capacitor; C2 - Second capacitor; C3 - Third capacitor; D1 - Clamping diode. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] It should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0045] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0046] As described in the background section, during the operation of a high-side power supply circuit, it is necessary to detect the short-circuit state of the circuit and disconnect the connection between the circuit and the load when a short circuit occurs, thereby protecting the load. In existing technologies, short-circuit protection is generally achieved using intelligent high-side switching chips. These chips typically integrate current detection and short-circuit protection functions; once a short-circuit fault occurs, the chip automatically disconnects the connection between the circuit and the load, thus stopping power supply to the load.

[0047] However, although intelligent high-side switch chips have comprehensive functions, their usage cost is high, so they are not suitable for low-cost power supply circuit scenarios.

[0048] In view of this, in order to solve the above problems, this application provides a power supply circuit that reduces costs by using discrete component modules to build a relatively simple short-circuit protection circuit.

[0049] The power supply circuit provided in this application is described below as an example:

[0050] As an optional implementation, please refer to Figure 1 The power supply circuit includes a main power supply line 110, a switch module 120, a clamping module 130, and a controller 140. One end of the switch module 120 is connected to the main power supply line 110, and the other end is used to connect to the power supply. The main power supply line 110 is used to connect to the load 200. The controller 140 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module 120. One end of the clamping module 130 is connected to the main power supply line 110, and the other end is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module 120. When the main power supply line 110 is in a normal state, the switch module 120 is used to turn on or off under the control of the controller 140. When the main power supply line 110 is in a short circuit state, the clamping module 130 is used to clamp the voltage at the control terminal of the switch module 120 below the on-state voltage to turn off the switch module 120.

[0051] Understandably, when the circuit is operating normally, the clamping module 130 will not operate, and the switching module 120 will be turned on or off under the control of the controller 140. Specifically, when the switching module 120 is on, the power supply provides power to the downstream load 200; when the switching module 120 is off, the connection between the power supply and the downstream load 200 is disconnected, thus managing the power supply to the load 200. However, when the main power supply circuit 110 is short-circuited (short-circuited to ground), the clamping module 130 performs a clamping function, clamping the control terminal voltage of the switching module 120 below the on-state voltage, causing the switching module 120 to turn off, achieving short-circuit protection.

[0052] Furthermore, the power supply circuit provided in this application does not directly use intelligent high-side switch chips, but instead uses relatively simple discrete component modules, which can significantly reduce the cost of the power supply circuit.

[0053] It should be noted that this application does not limit the type of load 200. For example, load 200 can be a Hall motor, a heater, or an indicator light. In an exemplary application scenario, the load 200 provided in this application is a Hall motor, and there can be multiple Hall motors, which can perform different functions. For example, when a Hall motor is used in a car, it can be used for adjusting the electric mechanism of the seat, adjusting the position of the sunroof, etc. The system determines the position of the seat and the sunroof by collecting the number of Hall signals. Based on this, the power supply circuit provided in this application can be applied to the seat control module, sunroof control module, etc., of a car to provide power to the Hall motor. Of course, the power supply circuit provided in this application can also be applied to other high-side power supply scenarios, such as power supply for seat ventilation, power supply for seat switch indicator lights, etc., and its versatility is strong, so it is not limited here.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a power supply circuit is shown. In this example, the load 200 is a Hall motor, and the power supply circuit provided in this application supplies power to the Hall motor. The power supply is +12V. The main power supply circuit 110 is directly connected to the load 200, and the main power supply circuit 110 may include a pull-up resistor R10, which pulls up the supply voltage of the load 200 to the output voltage of the power supply.

[0055] Furthermore, the MCU_HALL_Signal port is connected to the MCU, and during the operation of the Hall motor, the MCU acquires the Hall signal in real time through the MCU_HALL_Signal port. In addition, the power supply circuit provided in this application can power multiple loads, such as... Figure 2 The HALL_Power port is a power supply port that can supply power to other loads. For example, label 200 indicates that one of the Hall effect motors is connected to the HALL_Power port via the main power supply circuit 110. Simultaneously, the HALL_Power port can also connect to and power another Hall effect motor, with the two Hall effect motors connected in parallel. Of course, the HALL_Power port can connect to more Hall effect motors, allowing multiple Hall effect motors to be connected in parallel. For example, the power supply circuit can simultaneously power four or five Hall effect motors connected in parallel.

[0056] As one implementation method, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The switch module 120 includes a first switch unit 121 and a second switch unit 122. The first switch unit 121 is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit 110 and the power supply, and the control terminal of the first switch unit 121 is electrically connected to the second switch unit 122. The control terminal of the second switch unit 122 is electrically connected to the controller 140. When the second switch unit 122 is turned on, the first switch unit 121 is simultaneously turned on; when the second switch unit 122 is turned off, the first switch unit 121 is simultaneously turned off. The control terminal of the switch module 120 provided in this application is the control terminal of the second switch unit 122.

[0057] By controlling the first switch unit 121 through the second switch unit 122, the driving capability can be improved on the one hand, and the connection with the clamping module 130 can be facilitated on the other hand, so as to realize the short-circuit clamping control of the switch module 120.

[0058] For example, the first switching unit 121 provided in this application includes a P-type switching transistor Q1 and a first biasing component, and the second switching unit 122 includes an N-type switching transistor Q2 and a second biasing component. The first terminal of the N-type switching transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the first biasing component, the second terminal of the N-type switching transistor Q2 is grounded, and the second biasing component is electrically connected to the control terminal and the second terminal of the N-type switching transistor Q2 respectively; the second biasing component is also electrically connected to the controller 140.

[0059] This application does not limit the types of P-type switch Q1 and N-type switch Q2; for example, they can be transistors or MOSFETs. When transistors are used, P-type switch Q1 is a PNP transistor and N-type switch Q2 is an NPN transistor; when MOSFETs are used, P-type switch Q1 is a PMOS transistor and N-type switch Q2 is an NMOS transistor. Figure 2 The following diagram illustrates the use of a transistor as the switching transistor. The first biasing component provides a conduction bias for the P-type switching transistor Q1, and the second biasing component provides a conduction bias for the N-type switching transistor Q2.

[0060] The first biasing component includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, and the second biasing component includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The emitter of the P-type switch Q1 is connected to the power supply, and the collector of the P-type switch Q1 is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit 110. The two ends of the first resistor R1 are electrically connected to the emitter and base of the P-type switch Q1, respectively. The base of the P-type switch Q1 is also electrically connected to one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the collector of the N-type switch Q2. The emitter of the N-type switch Q2 is grounded, and the base of the N-type switch Q2 is electrically connected to one end of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, respectively. The other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is used to connect the controller 140 and the clamping module 130. To ensure power supply stability, the power supply circuit may also include a first capacitor C1. One end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the collector of the P-type switch Q1, and the other end is grounded. The first capacitor C1 serves as a filter.

[0061] When the drive port HALL_PWR_EN of controller 140 outputs a high level (e.g., 5V), the voltage is divided by the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, reaching the turn-on voltage of the N-type switch Q2. At this time, the N-type switch Q2 turns on, pulling the voltage at the other end of the second resistor R2 down to ground. Furthermore, the power supply voltage, after being divided by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, satisfies the forward bias condition of the emitter junction of the P-type switch Q1, causing Q1 to turn on and supply power to the downstream load 200. When the drive port HALL_PWR_EN of controller 140 outputs a low level, the N-type switch Q2 turns off, thereby turning off the P-type switch Q1, disconnecting the power supply from the downstream load 200, thus realizing power supply control through controller 140.

[0062] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the P-type switch Q1 and the N-type switch Q2 can be accurately turned on or off upon receiving the drive signal from the controller 140, the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, as well as the resistance values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, need to be set appropriately. Generally, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is set to be greater than or equal to the resistance value of the second resistor R2, while the resistance value of the third resistor R3 is set to be less than or equal to the resistance value of the fourth resistor R4.

[0063] In one implementation, the clamping module 130 can be a clamping diode D1. The cathode of the clamping diode D1 is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit 110, and the anode of the clamping diode D1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module 120. In this application, the anode of the clamping diode D1 is electrically connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4. After setting the clamping diode D1, when the main power supply circuit 110 is not short-circuited, the drive port HALL_PWR_EN of the controller 140 controls the switching module 120 to turn on or off. When the cathode voltage of the clamping diode D1 is greater than the anode voltage, the clamping diode D1 is reverse-biased and turned off, that is, the clamping diode D1 does not work. When a short circuit fault occurs in the main power supply circuit 110 (generally, the MCU_HALL_Signal port is shorted to ground), the cathode of the clamping diode D1 becomes 0V, and the forward voltage drop of the clamping diode D1 is 0.7V. At this time, the anode voltage of the clamping diode D1 is clamped at 0.7V. After the voltage division by the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, it cannot reach the forward voltage of the N-type switch Q2. Therefore, the N-type switch Q2 is turned off, and the P-type switch Q1 is also turned off accordingly, realizing the short circuit protection of the circuit.

[0064] It should be noted that when the controller 140's drive port HALL_PWR_EN outputs a high-level signal to drive the switch module 120 to conduct, in the event of a short-circuit fault, the clamping diode D1 will instantly clamp its anode voltage to 0.7V. Based on this, the switch module 120 will immediately turn off, achieving timely short-circuit protection. Furthermore, if the short-circuit condition persists, the clamping diode D1 will continuously clamp its anode voltage at 0.7V, ensuring that the switch module 120 remains in the off state, achieving continuous protection.

[0065] Furthermore, once the main power supply circuit 110 is released from the short circuit state, for example, when the port MCU_HALL_Signal is no longer connected to ground, the clamping state of the clamping diode D1 is also released, meaning that the clamping module 130 releases the voltage clamp on the control terminal of the switching module 120. At this time, the drive port HALL_PWR_EN of the controller 140 outputs a 5V high-level signal to the control terminal of the switching module 120, driving the switching module 120 to conduct again, thus realizing the self-recovery of the entire circuit after the short circuit state is released.

[0066] Of course, in order to achieve external short-circuit current limiting between the clamping module 130 and the drive port HALL_PWR_EN of the controller 140, the power supply circuit provided in this application also includes a current-limiting resistor R5. One end of the current-limiting resistor R5 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module 120, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R5 is electrically connected to the controller 140. Generally, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R5 is set to 10K~20K. By setting the current-limiting resistor R5, it can be determined that when a short-circuit fault occurs in the main power supply circuit 110, the voltage at the left end of the current-limiting resistor R5 is pulled down to 0.7V through the clamping diode D1, while the voltage at the right end of the current-limiting resistor R5 is always kept at a high level of 5V, which meets the output current requirement of the GPIO port. For example, if the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor R5 is 10K, then the current flowing through the current-limiting resistor R5 is I=(5-0.7) / 10K. At this time, the current requirement of the GPIO port and the power requirement of the resistor can be met simultaneously.

[0067] In addition, to prevent the N-type switching transistor Q2 from being falsely triggered and turned on, the power supply circuit also includes a grounding resistor R6. One end of the grounding resistor R6 is connected to the other end of the current-limiting resistor R5, and the other end of the grounding resistor R6 is grounded. By setting the grounding resistor R6, it can be ensured that when the drive port HALL_PWR_EN of the controller 140 does not output a 5V high level, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R5 is always grounded through the grounding resistor R6, so that the base of the N-type switching transistor Q2 is always reliably grounded, avoiding false triggering and improving the reliability of the entire power supply circuit.

[0068] Furthermore, to enable real-time monitoring of the power supply voltage of the main power supply circuit 110, the power supply circuit also includes an output voltage detection module 150, which is electrically connected to both the main power supply circuit 110 and the controller 140. The output voltage detection module 150 samples the voltage of the main power supply circuit 110 and transmits the sampled signal to the controller 140. The controller 140 can determine, based on the real-time sampled signal, whether there is overvoltage or undervoltage during the power supply process to the load 200.

[0069] In one implementation, the output voltage detection module 150 includes a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8. One end of the series connection between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the main power supply circuit 110, and the other end is grounded. The connection point of the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the controller 140. The voltage divider circuit formed by the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 can be used to acquire the voltage of the main power supply circuit 110. The resistance values ​​of the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 should not be the same; R8 needs to be larger to ensure that the voltage can be detected within the input power supply voltage range.

[0070] Of course, to ensure the accuracy of the voltage value output to the sampling port HALL_PWR_AD, the output voltage detection module 150 may also include a second capacitor C2. One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. The second capacitor C2 can perform filtering, thereby improving the reliability of the sampling signal.

[0071] Furthermore, in high-side power supply circuits, not only short-circuit faults but also overcurrent faults may occur. An overcurrent fault refers to a current exceeding a threshold in the circuit, potentially causing damage to the load or the line due to overload. Therefore, an overcurrent detection module is also required in high-side power supply circuits.

[0072] In existing technologies, intelligent high-side switch chips are generally used to simultaneously achieve short-circuit and overcurrent detection. These chips can integrate both short-circuit and overcurrent protection functions internally, but their cost is relatively high. Alternatively, discrete components can be used to build the overcurrent detection circuit; for example, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 This is an overcurrent detection circuit built using discrete components. The overcurrent detection circuit mainly includes PNP transistors Q10, Q11, and Q12, as well as corresponding bias resistors such as R1012 and R1013. The specific connection relationship is shown in the figure and will not be elaborated here.

[0073] from Figure 3As can be seen, the circuit works as follows: when the circuit is operating normally, PNP transistor Q10 is always off, and NPN transistor Q12 controls the conduction or turn-off of PNP transistor Q11. Specifically, when NPN transistor Q12 is on, PNP transistor Q11 is on, and the power supply provides power to the downstream load 200; when NPN transistor Q12 is off, PNP transistor Q11 is off, cutting off the power supply to the downstream load 200. PNP transistor Q10 acts as a current limiter, restricting the supply current within a certain range by adjusting the resistance value of R1012. If an overcurrent fault occurs in HALL_Power, Q11 will leave its saturation state and enter its amplification state, resulting in significant power consumption for a prolonged period, which may damage Q11.

[0074] In view of this, please refer to Figure 4 The power supply circuit provided in this application embodiment also includes an overcurrent detection module 160, which is electrically connected to the power supply, the switch module 120, and the controller 140. The overcurrent detection module 160 is used to collect the overcurrent signal of the power supply and transmit the overcurrent signal to the controller 140 when the overcurrent signal is collected. The controller 140 is used to control the switch module 120 to turn off when the duration of the overcurrent signal is greater than a threshold.

[0075] Specifically, the overcurrent detection module 160 provided in this application can identify whether it is a momentary overcurrent or a long-term overcurrent through the controller 140. Only in the case of a long-term overcurrent will the switch module 120 be controlled to turn off, while in the case of a short-term overcurrent, the switch module 120 will not be controlled to turn off, effectively avoiding the switch module 120 from being mistakenly turned off after being disturbed.

[0076] Please see Figure 5 The overcurrent detection module 160 includes a third switching unit 161 and a detection unit 162. The third switching unit 161 is electrically connected to the power supply, the switching module 120 and the detection unit 162 respectively. The detection unit 162 is also electrically connected to the controller 140. When the power supply is overcurrent, the third switching unit 161 is turned on and the detection unit 162 is used to transmit the overcurrent signal to the controller 140.

[0077] In one implementation, the third switching unit 161 includes a P-type transistor Q3 and a third bias component. The third bias component is electrically connected to the emitter and base of the P-type transistor Q3, respectively. The emitter of the P-type transistor Q3 is also electrically connected to the power supply, and the collector of the P-type transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the detection unit 162. The third bias component includes a ninth resistor R9 and an eleventh resistor R11. The two ends of the ninth resistor R9 are electrically connected to the emitter of the P-type transistor Q3 and the emitter of the P-type switching transistor Q1, respectively. Simultaneously, the two ends of the eleventh resistor R11 are electrically connected to the base of the P-type transistor Q3 and the ninth resistor R9, respectively.

[0078] The detection unit 162 includes a twelfth resistor R12 and a thirteenth resistor R13. One end of the series connection between the twelfth resistor R12 and the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the collector of the P-type transistor Q3, and the other end is grounded. The intermediate node between the twelfth resistor R12 and the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the overcurrent detection port HALL_PWR_OC_INT of the controller 140. The twelfth resistor R12 and the thirteenth resistor R13 form a voltage divider circuit.

[0079] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the signal detection is not affected by high frequency, the detection unit 162 also includes a fourteenth resistor R14 and a third capacitor C3, which together form a low-pass filter.

[0080] The overcurrent detection module 160 provided in this application works as follows: When the power supply is operating normally, the voltage drop across the ninth resistor R9 is less than the forward voltage drop of the P-type transistor Q3, so the P-type transistor Q3 is turned off, and the power supply normally supplies power to the load 200. However, when the power supply experiences an overcurrent, the current flowing through the ninth resistor R9 increases, and the voltage drop across the ninth resistor R9 increases and exceeds the forward voltage drop of the P-type transistor Q3, causing the P-type transistor Q3 to turn on. At this time, the overcurrent detection port HALL_PWR_OC_INT of the controller 140 detects a high-level signal through the detection unit 162. Once the duration of the high-level signal detected by the overcurrent detection port HALL_PWR_OC_INT of the controller 140 reaches the threshold, it indicates a prolonged overcurrent surge. The drive port HALL_PWR_EN of the controller 140 outputs a low-level signal, thereby turning off the N-type switch Q2, causing the P-type switch Q1 to turn off, and disconnecting the power supply to the load 200.

[0081] As can be seen, in the power supply circuit provided by this application, overcurrent detection module 160 can be used to detect overcurrent in the circuit, and control switch module 120 to turn off during long-term overcurrent; while during short-term overcurrent, control switch module 120 to remain inactive, avoiding repeated switching on and off of switch module 120 and extending the service life of switch module 120. Furthermore, the power supply circuit provided by this application can also use clamping module 130 to immediately clamp the circuit during a short circuit, ensuring that switch module 120 can be quickly turned off during a short circuit, and the clamping state can be released after the short circuit fault is cleared. Switch module 120 can then be turned on again under the drive of controller 140, achieving self-recovery after the short circuit is cleared.

[0082] Based on the above implementation, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device, which includes a Hall motor and the above-mentioned power supply circuit. The power supply circuit is connected to the Hall motor and supplies power to the Hall motor.

[0083] In summary, this application provides a power supply circuit and electronic device. The power supply circuit includes a main power supply circuit, a switching module, a clamping module, and a controller. One end of the switching module is connected to the main power supply circuit, and the other end is used to connect to the power supply. The main power supply circuit is used to connect to the load. The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module. One end of the clamping module is connected to the main power supply circuit, and the other end is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module. When the main power supply circuit is in a normal state, the switching module is used to turn on or off under the control of the controller. When the main power supply circuit is in a short-circuit state, the clamping module is used to clamp the voltage at the control terminal of the switching module below the on-state voltage to turn off the switching module. On the one hand, because the power supply circuit provided by this application can clamp the voltage at the control terminal of the switching module below the on-state voltage when a short circuit occurs, the switching module will turn off and stop supplying power to the load, thus protecting the load. On the other hand, because the power supply circuit provided by this application is constructed using relatively simple discrete components instead of directly using high-side switching chips, the cost can be significantly reduced.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0085] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, The power supply circuit includes a main power supply line (110), a switch module (120), a clamping module (130), and a controller (140). One end of the switch module (120) is electrically connected to the main power supply line (110), and the other end is used to connect to the power supply. The main power supply line (110) is used to connect to the load (200). The controller (140) is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module (120), and one end of the clamping module (130) is connected to the main power supply line (110), and the other end is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module (120). When the main power supply circuit (110) is in normal condition, the switch module (120) is used to turn on or off under the control of the controller (140); When the main power supply circuit (110) is in a short circuit state, the clamping module (130) is used to clamp the control terminal voltage of the switching module (120) to below the conduction voltage, so as to turn off the switching module (120).

2. The power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switch module (120) includes a first switch unit (121) and a second switch unit (122). The first switch unit (121) is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit (110) and the power supply, respectively. The control terminal of the first switch unit (121) is electrically connected to the second switch unit (122), and the control terminal of the second switch unit (122) is electrically connected to the controller (140). When the second switching unit (122) is turned on, the first switching unit (121) is turned on simultaneously; When the second switch unit (122) is turned off, the first switch unit (121) is turned off simultaneously.

3. The power supply circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first switching unit (121) includes a P-type switching transistor (Q1) and a first biasing component, and the second switching unit (122) includes an N-type switching transistor (Q2) and a second biasing component; The first end of the P-type switch (Q1) is used to connect to the power supply, and the second end of the P-type switch (Q1) is used to connect to the load (200). The first bias component is electrically connected to the control terminal and the first end of the P-type switch (Q1). The first terminal of the N-type switch (Q2) is electrically connected to the first bias component, the second terminal of the N-type switch (Q2) is grounded, and the second bias component is electrically connected to the control terminal and the second terminal of the N-type switch (Q2); the second bias component is also electrically connected to the controller (140).

4. The power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes a current-limiting resistor (R5), one end of which is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module (120), and the other end of which is electrically connected to the controller (140).

5. The power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping module (130) includes a clamping diode (D1), the cathode of which is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit (110), and the anode of which is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switching module (120). When the main power supply circuit (110) is de-circuited, the clamping module (130) is also used to release the voltage clamp on the control terminal of the switch module (120).

6. The power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes an overcurrent detection module (160), which is electrically connected to the power supply, the switching module (120), and the controller (140); wherein, The overcurrent detection module (160) is used to collect the overcurrent signal of the power supply and transmit the overcurrent signal to the controller (140) when the overcurrent signal is collected. The controller (140) is used to control the switch module (120) to turn off when the duration of the overcurrent signal is greater than a threshold.

7. The power supply circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The overcurrent detection module (160) includes a third switching unit (161) and a detection unit (162). The third switching unit (161) is electrically connected to the power supply, the switching module (120), and the detection unit (162), respectively. The detection unit (162) is also electrically connected to the controller (140). When the power supply is overcurrent, the third switching unit (161) is turned on, and the detection unit (162) is used to transmit the overcurrent signal to the controller (140).

8. The power supply circuit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The third switching unit (161) includes a P-type transistor (Q3) and a third bias component. The third bias component is electrically connected to the emitter and base of the P-type transistor (Q3) respectively. The emitter of the P-type transistor (Q3) is also electrically connected to the power supply. The collector of the P-type transistor (Q3) is electrically connected to the detection unit (162).

9. The power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes an output voltage detection module (150), which is electrically connected to the main power supply circuit (110) and the controller (140); wherein, The output voltage detection module (150) is used to sample the voltage of the main power supply circuit (110) and transmit the sampled signal to the controller (140).

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a load and a power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the power supply circuit being connected to the load and supplying power to the load.

11. The electronic device as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The load includes a Hall motor.

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