Die for extruding composite material into profile
By designing a specialized mold structure, the inner and outer metal layers can be separated and welded, solving the problem that traditional molds cannot effectively composite materials and improving the bonding strength of composite profiles.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422787105.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, traditional extrusion solid profile molds cannot achieve effective bonding of different metals in the inner and outer layers, resulting in insufficient bonding force and affecting the quality of composite materials.
A mold for extruding composite profiles was designed, including an upper mold and a lower mold, an inner layer hole group and an outer layer hole group. The inner and outer layer materials are introduced through the middle feed hole and the outer layer feed hole respectively, and are welded in the lower welding chamber. The upper welding chamber and the lower welding chamber provide sufficient welding space to ensure metallurgical bonding.
This technology enables the effective extrusion bonding of different metals in the inner and outer layers, improving the bonding strength of composite profiles and ensuring the quality of metallurgical welding.
Smart Images
Figure CN223518311U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to profile extrusion production technical field, especially in kind composite material extruded section's mould. BACKGROUND
[0002] Composite material (containing dissimilar metals such as magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy, same alloy different series (such as 6 series aluminum alloy and 7 series aluminum alloy in aluminum alloy)), because it is composed of different performance materials and has good application scenarios. The existing composite methods include rolling, explosive welding, etc., but such methods can only realize the composite of different metals in the upper and lower layers. It is impossible to realize the composite of different metals in the inner and outer layers. If the traditional plane mould used for extruding solid section is used, the combination of the two metals is insufficient due to the short time of heating, pressing and metallurgical welding, which affects the composite quality. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model discloses at least one of the technical problems in the prior art. To this end, the utility model provides a kind of mould of composite material extruded section, realize the extrusion composite of different metals in the inner and outer layers.
[0004] The utility model further provides a kind of preparation method of composite material extruded section.
[0005] The mould of composite material extruded section according to the first aspect embodiment of the utility model comprises: upper die and lower die corresponding with the upper die;The upper die is equipped with inner layer hole group in middle part and outer layer hole group distributed in the outer side of the inner layer hole group, the inner layer hole group includes at least one middle part feed hole for inner layer material to enter, and the outer layer hole group includes at least two outer layer feed holes for outer layer material to enter;The lower die is sequentially provided with lower welding chamber and output mould hole along the material conveying direction, and the lower welding chamber is butt-jointed with the output end of the middle part feed hole and the output end of the outer layer feed hole.
[0006] The mould of composite material extruded section according to the utility model embodiment has at least the following beneficial effects: when extruding, the inner layer material and the outer layer material enter the middle part feed hole and the outer layer feed hole respectively, the inner layer material and the outer layer material are welded in the lower welding chamber after being shunted through the middle part feed hole and the outer layer feed hole, and the composite material section is sent out from the output mould hole after metallurgical welding in the lower welding chamber, so that the extrusion composite of different metals in the inner and outer layers is realized, and the combination of the prepared composite material section is large.
[0007] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the butt-jointed side of the upper die and the lower die is provided with an upper welding chamber, the output end of the middle part feed hole and the output end of the outer layer feed hole are communicated to the upper welding chamber, and the upper welding chamber is butt-jointed with the lower welding chamber.
[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application,
[0009] The middle feeding hole gradually expands along the conveying direction of the material.
[0010] And / or,
[0011] The outer feeding hole gradually expands along the conveying direction of the material.
[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the lower welding chamber gradually narrows along the conveying direction of the material.
[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the lower welding chamber is in a bowl-shaped structure.
[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the entrance of the outer feeding hole is provided with a transition zone close to the side of the middle feeding hole, and the entrance of the outer feeding hole is in a flared structure through the transition zone.
[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the transition zone includes a transition round corner and a transition surface connecting the transition round corner and the inside of the outer feeding hole, which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the material.
[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the transition surface is an inclined surface or a curved surface.
[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the entrance of the middle feeding hole is in a flared structure.
[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the edge of the entrance of the middle feeding hole is provided with an inner hole round corner.
[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the entrance of the inner hole group is located within the projection of the inner layer material along the extrusion direction.
[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the outer edge of the entrance of the inner hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than 4mm.
[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the entrance of the outer hole group is located outside the projection of the inner layer material along the extrusion direction.
[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the inner edge of the entrance of the outer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than 3.5mm.
[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inner hole group includes one middle feeding hole, and the outer hole group includes four outer feeding holes distributed around the middle feeding hole.
[0024] The preparation method of the composite extruded profile according to the second aspect of the present application comprises the following steps:
[0025] Preparation of the inner layer material;
[0026] Preparation of the outer layer material, and setting an inner cavity capable of accommodating the inner layer material in the center of the outer layer material;
[0027] Heating the inner layer material and the outer layer material to an extrusion temperature: heating after assembling the inner layer material and the outer layer material into a combined material, or assembling the inner layer material and the outer layer material into a combined material after heating the inner layer material and the outer layer material respectively;
[0028] Heating the mold;
[0029] Extrusion molding: in the extrusion equipment, cooperating with the mold, the inner layer material in the combined material corresponds to the middle feeding hole of the mold, and the outer layer material in the combined material corresponds to the outer layer feeding hole of the mold, and the combined material is subjected to extrusion molding.
[0030] The preparation method of the composite extruded profile according to the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the inner layer material and the outer layer material are assembled into a combined material which is then put into a holding cylinder and then extruded, and cooperating with the mold of any one of the above first aspect embodiments of the present application can meet the extrusion and combination of different metals of the inner and outer layers, and the combined material profile prepared has high bonding force.
[0031] According to some embodiments of the present application, the profile of the inner cavity of the outer layer material is larger than the profile of the corresponding position of the inner layer material.
[0032] According to some embodiments of the present application, the profile of the inner cavity of the outer layer material is larger than the profile of the corresponding position of the inner layer material by 1-3 mm.
[0033] According to some embodiments of the present application, the combined material is loaded into the holding cylinder of the extrusion equipment, and the distance between the outer edge of the inlet of the inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer profile of the inner layer material is greater than (the inner diameter of the holding cylinder-the outer diameter of the outer layer material)*2.
[0034] According to some embodiments of the present application, the combined material is loaded into the holding cylinder of the extrusion equipment, and the distance between the inner edge of the inlet of the outer layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer profile of the inner layer material is greater than (the inner diameter of the holding cylinder-the outer diameter of the outer layer material)*2.
[0035] According to some embodiments of the present application, in the extrusion molding step, the combined material is extruded by a variable speed extrusion process, and the actual extrusion outlet temperature is controlled within ±5℃ of the set extrusion outlet temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0036] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the references to the following drawings of which:
[0037] Figure 1 It is a front structure schematic diagram of the upper die of the present utility model embodiment;
[0038] Figure 2 It is a back structure schematic diagram of the upper die of the present utility model embodiment;
[0039] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 The cross section schematic diagram of middle A-A;
[0040] Figure 4 It is a front structure schematic diagram of the lower die of the present utility model embodiment;
[0041] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The cross section schematic diagram of middle B-B;
[0042] Figure 6 It is a position schematic diagram of the outer contour of the inner layer material of the present utility model embodiment.
[0043] Reference signs:
[0044] Upper die 100, middle feeding hole 101, outer layer feeding hole 102, upper welding chamber 103, transition zone 104, transition fillet 105, transition surface 106, inner hole fillet 107, flow dividing wing 110;
[0045] Lower die 200, lower welding chamber 201, output die hole 202;
[0046] Inner layer material outer contour 301. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary, only for explaining the present utility model, and cannot be understood as limiting the present utility model.
[0048] In the description of the present utility model, it is understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship of up, down, front, back, left, right and the like, is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present utility model.
[0049] In the description of the utility model, if it is described to first, second, only for distinguishing technical features for the purpose, and can not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.
[0050] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installation, connection should be understood broadly, and the skilled person in the art can determine the specific meaning of the above words in the utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme.
[0051] The following refers to Figures 1 to 5 The mold of the composite extruded profile according to the embodiments of the utility model is described.
[0052] As Figures 1 to 5 Indicated, the mold of the composite extruded profile according to the embodiments of the utility model comprises: upper die 100 and lower die 200 corresponding to upper die 100;Upper die 100 is provided with inner hole group in the middle and outer hole group distributed on the outer side of inner hole group, inner hole group includes at least one middle feeding hole 101 for inner layer material, outer hole group includes at least two outer layer feeding holes 102 for outer layer material;Lower die 200 is sequentially provided with lower welding chamber 201 and output die hole 202 along the material conveying direction, and the output end of middle feeding hole 101 and the output end of outer layer feeding hole 102 are butt jointed with lower welding chamber 201.
[0053] When extruding, the inner layer material and the outer layer material enter the middle feeding hole 101 and the outer layer feeding hole 102 respectively, and the inner layer material and the outer layer material are divided after the middle feeding hole 101 and the outer layer feeding hole 102, and then welded in the lower welding chamber 201, and then sent out from the output die hole 202 after metallurgical welding in the lower welding chamber 201, so as to meet the extrusion of different metals of inner and outer layers, and the bonding force of the prepared composite material profile is large.
[0054] Specifically, in the extrusion process, the material to be extruded and the mold are heated to a set temperature, and the inner layer material and the outer layer material are divided after the middle feeding hole 101 and the outer layer feeding hole 102, and then welded in the lower welding chamber 201, and then welded in the lower welding chamber 201 under the environment of high temperature, high pressure and high vacuum, so as to make the different metals fully metallurgical fusion after gathering, and ensure the bonding strength of the composite material profile.
[0055] As Figure 3 Indicated, in some embodiments of the utility model, the butt joint side of upper die 100 and lower die 200 is provided with upper welding chamber 103, the output end of middle feeding hole 101 and the output end of outer layer feeding hole 102 are communicated to upper welding chamber 103, and upper welding chamber 103 is butt jointed with lower welding chamber 201 to form a welding chamber with large depth, which provides sufficient welding space to ensure the quality of metallurgical welding.
[0056] Specifically, the lower mold 200 needs to reserve a certain space for setting mold holes, working strips, etc. The depth of the lower welding chamber 201 is limited. By setting the upper welding chamber 103 on the back side of the upper mold 100, the depth of the welding space is increased, forming a deep welding chamber to provide sufficient welding space.
[0057] In some embodiments of this utility model, the depth of the lower welding chamber 201 is 30±5mm, and the depth of the upper welding chamber 103 is 10±2mm, thereby forming a large-depth welding chamber with a depth of 40 ± 7mm, which improves the welding quality.
[0058] Of course, in specific implementation, the dimensions of the lower welding chamber 201 and the upper welding chamber 103 need to be designed taking into account the metal properties of the composite profile and the inner / outer layer materials. The dimensions of the lower welding chamber 201 and the upper welding chamber 103 can be other values, which will not be detailed here.
[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the central feed hole 101 gradually expands along the material conveying direction to facilitate the material entering the welding chamber.
[0060] Specifically, an upper welding chamber 103 is provided on the mating side of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200, and the central feed hole 101 gradually expands along the material conveying direction to match the upper welding chamber 103.
[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the outer feed hole 102 gradually expands along the material conveying direction to facilitate the material entering the welding chamber.
[0062] Specifically, an upper welding chamber 103 is provided on the mating side of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200, and the outer feed hole 102 gradually expands along the material conveying direction to match the upper welding chamber 103.
[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the central feed hole 101 and the outer feed hole 102 gradually enlarge along the material conveying direction to facilitate the material entering the welding chamber.
[0064] Specifically, an upper welding chamber 103 is provided on the mating side of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200. The middle feed hole 101 and the outer feed hole 102 gradually expand along the material conveying direction to match the upper welding chamber 103.
[0065] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the middle feed hole 101 and the outer feed hole 102 are separated by a diverter 110. The end of the diverter 110 (along the material conveying direction) is a pointed structure (the thickness gradually decreases) so that the outlets of the middle feed hole 101 and the outer feed hole 102 are flared to facilitate the material entering the welding chamber.
[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the outer side of the outer feed hole 102 gradually expands outward to facilitate a better transition to the welding chamber.
[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the lower welding chamber 201 gradually narrows along the material conveying direction, promoting the smooth flow of the outer layer material towards the center, so as to cooperate with the output die hole 202 to deliver the composite material profile.
[0068] Specifically, the opening of the lower welding chamber 201 needs to be set to be relatively large to accommodate the upper welding chamber 103 or the middle feed hole 101 and the outer feed hole 102, while also forming a larger welding space. The lower welding chamber 201 gradually narrows along the material conveying direction until it corresponds to the output die hole 202, which promotes the smooth flow of the outer material to the center and, after welding with the inner material, is extruded and output to obtain the required composite material profile.
[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the lower welding chamber 201 has a bowl-shaped structure, which promotes the smooth flow of the outer layer material and realizes the production of composite material extrusion profiles with high bonding strength.
[0070] Specifically, the two side walls of the lower welding chamber 201 are provided with large rounded corner structures so that the lower welding chamber 201 as a whole has a bowl-shaped structure.
[0071] It is understood that in some embodiments of this utility model, the lower welding chamber 201 may also have other structures, such as a flared structure, which will not be described in detail here.
[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the sidewall of the upper welding chamber 103 is provided with a rounded corner transition structure to avoid forming dead corners for material flow.
[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, a transition zone 104 is provided on the side of the inlet of the outer feed hole 102 near the middle feed hole 101. The transition zone 104 makes the inlet of the outer feed hole 102 have an flared structure, so as to facilitate the smooth entry of the outer material into the outer feed hole 102.
[0074] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the transition belt 104 includes transition fillets 105 arranged sequentially along the material conveying direction and a transition surface 106 connecting the transition fillets 105 and the inner surface of the outer feed hole 102. The transition surface 106 is an inclined surface or a curved surface, forming a smooth transition structure.
[0075] In the specific implementation process, the inner layer material and the outer layer material are assembled into a combined material and then extruded. The boundary between the inner layer material and the outer layer material is located between the outer layer feed hole 102 and the middle feed hole 101. By setting a transition zone 104 near the middle feed hole 101 at the entrance of the outer layer feed hole 102, the outer layer material can be easily guided into the outer layer feed hole 102.
[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the inlet of the central feed hole 101 has a flared structure to facilitate the entry of inner layer materials into the central feed hole 101.
[0077] In the specific implementation process, the inner layer material and the outer layer material are assembled into a combined material and then extruded. The boundary between the inner layer material and the outer layer material is located between the outer layer feed hole 102 and the middle feed hole 101. By setting the inlet of the middle feed hole 101 as a flared structure, the inner layer material can be easily guided into the middle feed hole 101.
[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the inlet edge of the central feed hole 101 is provided with an inner hole rounded corner 107, and the above-mentioned flared structure is formed by the inner hole rounded corner 107.
[0079] It is understood that in some embodiments of this utility model, the inlet edge of the central feed hole 101 may also be chamfered, etc., which will not be described in detail here.
[0080] In some embodiments of this utility model, the inlet of the inner layer hole group is located within the projection of the inner layer material along the extrusion direction, so that there is a gap between the outer edge of the inlet of the inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material, so that the inner layer material can completely fill the central feed hole 101 during extrusion, preventing the outer layer material from entering the central feed hole 101, ensuring the composite effect of different materials, and avoiding metallurgical composite chaos of composite profiles.
[0081] Specifically, the projection of the inner layer material along the conveying direction can completely cover the inner layer hole group, making it difficult for the outer layer material to enter the middle feed hole 101 during extrusion.
[0082] In some embodiments of this utility model, the distance between the outer edge of the inlet of the inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than 4mm, so as to prevent the outer layer material from entering the middle feed hole 101.
[0083] Of course, in the actual implementation process, this distance interval needs to be set taking into account the inner diameter of the ingot container, the outer diameter of the outer material, and the material properties.
[0084] In some embodiments of this utility model, the inner layer material is inserted into the inner cavity of the outer layer material to form a combined material, which is then placed into the ingot container and extruded. The distance between the outer edge of the inlet of the inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than (inner diameter of the ingot container - outer diameter of the outer layer material) * 2. The size of the central feed hole 101 is designed using this formula, which can effectively prevent the outer layer material from entering the central feed hole 101. Specifically, the difference between the inner diameter of the ingot container and the outer diameter of the outer layer material is the distance that the combined material can offset after being inserted into the ingot container. This difference is generally formed by processing errors and assembly requirements. In this utility model, the distance between the outer edge of the inlet of the inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is set to be greater than twice the difference between the inner diameter of the ingot container and the outer diameter of the outer layer material. This ensures that even after the combined material has offset to the limit distance after being inserted into the ingot container, the inner layer material still covers the inlet range of the inner layer hole group, effectively preventing the outer material from entering the central feed hole 101.
[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, the distance between the outer contour 301 of the inner material and the outer edge of the central feed hole 101 is a, where a > (inner diameter of the ingot container - outer diameter of the outer material) * 2.
[0086] In some embodiments of this utility model, the inlet of the outer layer hole group is located outside the projection of the inner layer material along the extrusion direction, so that there is a gap between the inner edge of the inlet of the outer layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material, and the outer contour of the inner layer material does not reach the inner edge of the inlet of the outer layer hole group, so that the inner layer material will not enter the outer layer feed hole 102 during extrusion, ensuring the composite effect of different materials and avoiding metallurgical composite chaos of composite profiles.
[0087] Specifically, the projection of the inner layer material along the conveying direction does not overlap with the outer layer hole group, thereby reducing the occurrence of the inner layer material entering the outer layer feed hole 102.
[0088] In some embodiments of this utility model, the distance between the inner edge of the inlet of the outer layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than 3.5 mm, so as to prevent the inner layer material from entering the outer layer feed hole 102.
[0089] Of course, in the actual implementation process, this distance interval needs to be set taking into account the inner diameter of the ingot container, the outer diameter of the outer material, and the material properties.
[0090] In some embodiments of this utility model, the inner layer material is loaded into the inner cavity of the outer layer material to form an integrated composite material, which is then placed into the ingot container and extruded. The distance between the inner edge of the inlet of the outer layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than (inner diameter of the ingot container - outer diameter of the outer layer material) * 2. The size of the outer layer feed hole 102 is designed using this size formula, which can effectively prevent the inner layer material from entering the outer layer feed hole 102.
[0091] Specifically, the difference between the inner diameter of the ingot container and the outer diameter of the outer material is the distance that the composite material can offset after being loaded into the ingot container. This difference is generally formed by processing errors and assembly requirements. In this utility model, the distance between the inner edge of the inlet of the outer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner material is set to be greater than twice the difference between the inner diameter of the ingot container and the outer diameter of the outer material. This ensures that even after the composite material is offset to the limit distance after being loaded into the ingot container, the inner material will not enter the inlet range of the outer hole group, effectively preventing the inner material from entering the outer feed hole 102.
[0092] like Figure 6 As shown, the distance between the outer contour 301 of the inner material and the inner edge of the outer feed hole 102 is A, where A > (inner diameter of the ingot container - outer diameter of the outer material) * 2.
[0093] In some embodiments of this utility model, the inlet of the inner layer hole group is located within the projection of the inner layer material along the extrusion direction, and the inlet of the outer layer hole group is located outside the projection of the inner layer material along the extrusion direction. That is, the outer contour of the inner layer material is located between the outer layer hole group and the inner layer hole group, which can effectively prevent the outer layer material from entering the middle feed hole 101 and the inner layer material from entering the outer layer feed hole 102 to avoid metallurgical composite chaos of the composite profile.
[0094] In some embodiments of this utility model, the distance between the inner edge of the inlet of the outer layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than (inner diameter of the ingot container - outer diameter of the outer layer material) * 2, and the distance between the outer edge of the inlet of the inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of the inner layer material is greater than (inner diameter of the ingot container - outer diameter of the outer layer material) * 2. Using this dimensional formula to design the dimensions of the central feed hole 101 and the outer feed hole 102 can effectively reduce the occurrence of composite material disorder.
[0095] It should be noted that when the inner layer hole group includes a plurality of middle feeding holes 101, the outer edge of the entrance of the inner layer hole group is the outer edge of the opening of the outermost middle feeding hole 101, and when the inner layer hole group includes one middle feeding hole 101, the outer edge of the entrance of the inner layer hole group is the outer edge of the middle feeding hole 101.
[0096] It should be noted that the inner edge of the entrance of the outer layer hole group is the inner edge of the opening of the outer layer feeding hole 102 distributed close to the inner layer hole group side.
[0097] In the above description, the position corresponding to the inner layer material or the outer layer material and the inner layer hole group or the outer layer hole group means that when the material is extruded, the corresponding points of the inner layer material or the outer layer material and the inner layer hole group or the outer layer hole group are in the same radial direction.
[0098] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 In some embodiments of the utility model, the inner layer hole group includes one middle feeding hole 101, and the outer layer hole group includes four outer layer feeding holes 102 distributed around the middle feeding hole 101.
[0099] It can be understood that in some embodiments of the utility model, the middle feeding hole 101 can be configured as two or more, and the outer layer feeding hole 102 can be configured as two, three, five or more.
[0100] The preparation method of the composite material extruded profile according to the second aspect embodiment of the utility model comprises the following steps:
[0101] Preparation of inner layer material;
[0102] Preparation of outer layer material, and setting an inner cavity capable of loading the inner layer material in the center of the outer layer material;
[0103] Heating the inner layer material and the outer layer material to an extrusion temperature: heating after assembling the inner layer material and the outer layer material into a combined material, or assembling the inner layer material and the outer layer material into a combined material after heating respectively;
[0104] Heating the mold;
[0105] Extrusion molding: in the extrusion equipment, cooperating with the mold, the inner layer material in the combined material corresponds to the middle feeding hole 101 of the mold, and the outer layer material in the combined material corresponds to the outer layer feeding hole 102 of the mold, and the combined material is extruded to obtain a composite material profile.
[0106] Through the above steps, the inner layer material and the outer layer material are assembled into an integrated combined material, which is put into a containing cylinder and then extruded, and cooperates with the mold of any one of the above first aspect embodiments of the utility model, so that the extrusion and combination of different metals of the inner and outer layers can be met, and the prepared composite material profile has large bonding force.
[0107] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite material profile can be aged or not aged according to the needs.
[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite material profile can be cut to a set length according to the needs.
[0109] In some embodiments of the present application, the profile of the inner cavity of the outer material is larger than the profile of the corresponding position of the inner material, so as to facilitate the assembly of the inner material and the outer material.
[0110] Specifically, the outer material and the inner material are generally machined into a set shape (such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.), and the middle part of the outer material is hollowed out by machining to form an inner cavity corresponding to the inner material (such as a circular cross section, a square cross section, etc.), and the inner cavity is slightly larger than the inner material, so as to facilitate the inner material to be assembled into the inner cavity.
[0111] In some embodiments of the present application, the profile of the inner cavity of the outer material is 1-3mm larger than the profile of the corresponding position of the inner material, which basically meets the assembly requirements and does not form a too large gap.
[0112] It can be understood that in some embodiments of the present application, the size of the outer material and the inner material is affected by the machining precision and assembly precision, and in the specific implementation process, when the machining precision and assembly precision are high, the gap between the profile of the inner cavity and the profile of the corresponding position of the inner material can be set to be smaller, so as to further reduce the gap between the outer material and the inner material.
[0113] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step of heating the inner material and the outer material to the extrusion temperature, when the heating processes of the inner material and the outer material are the same, the inner material and the outer material are assembled into a combined material and then heated as a whole; when the heating processes of the inner material and the outer material are different, the inner material and the outer material need to be heated separately and then assembled into a combined material.
[0114] In some embodiments of the present application, when the heating processes of the inner material and the outer material are different, the inner material and the outer material need to be heated separately, and at the outlet of the heating furnace, the temperature of the material with higher temperature is reduced to be approximately the same as the temperature of the other material, and then the inner material and the outer material are assembled, and the temperature of the assembled combined material needs to meet the extrusion temperature requirement.
[0115] In some embodiments of the utility model, the entrance of inner layer hole group is located in the projection of inner layer material along the extrusion direction, so that there is a gap between the outer edge of the entrance of inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of inner layer material, so that the inner layer material can completely fill the middle feeding hole 101 during extrusion, the outer layer material is prevented from entering the middle feeding hole 101, the composite effect of different materials is ensured, and the metallurgical composite of composite profile is prevented from being chaotic.
[0116] In some embodiments of the utility model, the distance between the outer edge of the entrance of inner layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of inner layer material is greater than (the inner diameter of the ingot containing cylinder-the outer diameter of outer layer material)*2, the size of middle feeding hole 101 is designed by adopting the size formula, and the outer layer material can be effectively blocked from entering middle feeding hole 101.
[0117] In some embodiments of the utility model, the entrance of outer layer hole group is located outside the projection of inner layer material along the extrusion direction, so that there is a gap between the inner edge of the entrance of outer layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of inner layer material, and the outer contour of inner layer material does not reach the inner edge of the entrance of outer layer hole group, so that the inner layer material will not enter outer layer feeding hole 102 during extrusion, the composite effect of different materials is ensured, and the metallurgical composite of composite profile is prevented from being chaotic. In some embodiments of the utility model, the distance between the inner edge of the entrance of outer layer hole group and the corresponding position of the outer contour of inner layer material is greater than (the inner diameter of the ingot containing cylinder-the outer diameter of outer layer material)*2, the size of outer layer feeding hole 102 is designed by adopting the size formula, and the inner layer material can be effectively blocked from entering outer layer feeding hole 102.
[0118] In some embodiments of the utility model, in the extrusion forming step, the combined material is extruded through a variable speed extrusion process, and the actual extrusion outlet temperature is controlled within the range of ±5 DEG C of the set extrusion outlet temperature, so as to ensure the product quality of the composite material profile.
[0119] Specifically, in the constant speed extrusion process, as the extrusion proceeds, the material temperature in the mold cavity is higher and higher due to the extrusion friction heating, the extrusion outlet temperature is higher and higher, the flow relationship of the two alloys changes, and then the proportion and size relationship of the two metals of the extruded product are affected, in the utility model, the variable speed extrusion process is adopted, the actual extrusion outlet temperature is controlled within the range of ±5 DEG C of the set extrusion outlet temperature, so as to ensure the product quality of the composite material profile.
[0120] In some embodiments of the utility model, in the extrusion forming step, the combined material is extruded through a variable speed extrusion process, and the extrusion speed is gradually increased to control the extrusion outlet temperature. In some embodiments of the utility model, in the extrusion forming step, the combined material is extruded through a variable speed extrusion process, and the extrusion speed is gradually increased to control the extrusion outlet temperature.
[0121] Specifically, in the initial stage of extrusion, the extrusion speed is appropriately reduced to avoid rapid frictional heating of the combined material, and a certain deformation and filling time is reserved for the initial entry of the combined material into the flow hole and the welding cavity to achieve better welding effect. In the middle stage, the combined material achieves stable flow and welding, and the extrusion speed is appropriately increased to improve the efficiency of extrusion. In the later stage, the combined material has a certain temperature rise, and the flowability of the combined material is better. At this time, the extrusion speed can be appropriately increased, and the heat accumulation can be reduced to speed up the output of the profile and better control the outlet temperature.
[0122] In some embodiments of the utility model, the combined material length is set as D, the excess length is d, and the extrusion rod travel distance is divided into three sections:
[0123] The front section is 0~[(D-d) / 3]±5mm;
[0124] The middle section is [(D-d) / 3]±5mm~[2*(D-d) / 3]±5mm;
[0125] The last section is [2*(D-d) / 3]±5mm~(D-d);
[0126] The extrusion rod advancing speed of the front section is s1, the extrusion rod advancing speed of the middle section is s2, and the extrusion rod advancing speed of the last section is s3, s1
[0127] In specific implementation, the values of s1, s2 and s3 can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the material, the shape of the profile, the layout of the flow hole and the size of the welding chamber, which will not be described in detail here.
[0128] It can be understood that in some embodiments of the utility model, a temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the mold, the advancing speed of the extrusion rod is controlled by a control module, the temperature sensor is connected to the control module, and the control module can control the advancing speed of the extrusion rod according to the extrusion outlet temperature value detected by the temperature sensor.
[0129] In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.
[0130] Embodiment one
[0131] 7075 aluminum alloy is the inner layer material of the composite profile; 3003 aluminum alloy is the outer layer material of the composite profile.
[0132] (1) Prepare alloy flat ingot 7075 material, the flat ingot width is 110mm, the height is 50mm, and the length is 800mm;
[0133] (2) Prepare the alloy round ingot 3003, the outer diameter of the round ingot is 304 mm, a flat cavity is processed inside, the cavity width is 116 mm, the height is 54 mm, and the length is 800 mm;
[0134] (3) Place the 7075 ingot inside the 3003 ingot, and place it in a box-type furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 460°C, and the holding time is 6 hours.
[0135] (4) Heat the extrusion die, the temperature is 400°C, and the holding time is 3 hours
[0136] (5) Extrude the combined ingot, the temperature of the ingot cylinder is 400°C, the forward speeds of the extrusion main cylinder in the front, middle and rear sections are 3 mm / s, 3.2 mm / s and 3.5 mm / s respectively, the extrusion outlet temperature is between 482-488°C, water cooling is performed, and a composite profile is obtained.
[0137] (6) Perform aging treatment according to the requirements of the composite profile, the aging temperature is 140°C, and the holding time is 24 hours.
[0138] (7) According to needs, the profile is cut.
[0139] The die used in step (4) is shown in Figures 1 to 5 .
[0140] Example Two
[0141] The magnesium alloy AZ31B is the inner layer material of the composite profile; the aluminum alloy 3003 is the outer layer material of the composite profile.
[0142] (1) Prepare the alloy flat ingot AZ31B material, the flat ingot width is 110 mm, the height is 50 mm, and the length is 800 mm.
[0143] (2) Prepare the alloy round ingot 3003, the outer diameter of the round ingot is 304 mm, a flat cavity is processed inside, the cavity width is 116 mm, the height is 54 mm, and the length is 800 mm;
[0144] (3) Place the AZ31B ingot inside the 3003 ingot, and place it in a box-type furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 400°C, and the holding time is 6 hours;
[0145] (4) Heat the extrusion die, the temperature is 380°C, and the holding time is 3 hours;
[0146] (5) Extrude the combined ingot, the temperature of the ingot cylinder is 395°C, the forward speeds of the extrusion main cylinder in the front, middle and rear sections are 1.5 mm / s, 1.7 mm / s and 1.9 mm / s respectively, the extrusion outlet temperature is between 400-407°C, water cooling is performed, and a composite profile is obtained.
[0147] (6) According to the requirement, the profile is cut.
[0148] The mold used in step (4) is shown in Fig. 1. Figures 1 to 5
[0149] Example Three
[0150] Aluminum alloy 7041 is the inner material of the composite profile; aluminum alloy 6063 is the outer material of the composite profile.
[0151] (1) Prepare the alloy round ingot 7041 material, the outer diameter of the solid round ingot is 74 mm, and the length is 500 mm;
[0152] (2) Prepare the alloy round ingot 6063 material, the outer diameter of the round ingot is 158 mm, and a circular cavity is processed inside, the inner diameter of the cavity is 78 mm, and the length is 500 mm;
[0153] (3) Put the 7041 ingot into the heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 510°C, and the holding time is 1 hour; put the 6013 ingot into the sectional heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature of the holding section is 560°C, and the holding time is 2 hours, and the temperature at the outlet of the heating furnace is adjusted to 510°C.
[0154] (4) Put the 7041 casting rod into the 6013 round ingot by the mechanical hand, the assembly time is controlled within 30 seconds, and the temperature after assembly is 500°C;
[0155] (5) Heat the extrusion mold, the temperature is 410°C, and the holding time is 2 hours;
[0156] (6) Extrude the combined ingot, the temperature of the ingot cylinder is 400°C, the forward speeds of the extrusion main cylinder in the front, middle and rear sections are 2 mm / s, 2.3 mm / s and 2.6 mm / s respectively before, during and after extrusion, the extrusion outlet temperature is between 517-523°C, and water cooling is performed, to obtain the composite profile.
[0157] (7) According to the requirement of the composite profile, aging treatment is performed, the aging temperature is 150°C, and the holding time is 16 hours.
[0158] (8) According to the requirement, the profile is cut.
[0159] The mold used in step (4) is shown in Fig. 1. Figures 1 to 5
[0160] The composite profiles obtained in Examples One to Three are detected for peeling strength, and the detection method is as follows:
[0161] 1) Cut the composite material into strip samples along the extrusion direction: width of 10 mm, length of 100 mm, total thickness of the sample of 4 to 10 mm, wherein the thinnest metal material thickness needs to be greater than 1 mm, and cannot be cut to a width of 10 mm, and finally the value converted to 10 mm wide is used;
[0162] 2) Pre-peel the composite material, wherein the angle of pre-peeling of the two metals is 180°±10°;
[0163] 3) Clamp the two sides of the composite material at a tensile force of 180°, after clamping and fixing, stretch at a speed of 300 mm / min, and record the force-displacement curve of the tensile force with displacement;
[0164] 4) According to the force and displacement curve, take the tensile force value in the smooth section as the peeling strength value Fpeeling.
[0165] Wherein, the smooth section is defined as: the slope k of the force-displacement curve is in the range of -7~0, which is defined as "smooth section";
[0166] Value principle:
[0167] (1) The value is taken in the range of -7~0 of the slope k of the force-displacement curve, that is, the value is taken in the above-mentioned "smooth section";
[0168] (2) The value is taken in the range of continuous displacement interval >10 mm, and the average value of the tensile force at the starting point and the ending point in the calculation interval is taken as the interval peeling force value;
[0169] (3) Under the conditions of (1) and (2), the average value of the tensile force at the starting point and the ending point in the calculation interval is calculated as the interval peeling force value, and the maximum interval peeling force value is taken as the peeling force value of the sample.
[0170] That is, the curve segment of "continuous displacement interval >10 mm" and "force-displacement curve slope k in the range of -7~0" is taken, and (the tensile force at the starting point of the curve segment + the tensile force at the ending point of the curve segment) = interval peeling force value, and the maximum interval peeling force value obtained by sampling at multiple positions is taken as the peeling force value of the sample.
[0171] Example results
[0172] Example one: converted to 10 mm width, peeling force is 212N;
[0173] Example two: converted to 10 mm width, peeling force is 248N;
[0174] Example three: converted to 10 mm width, peeling force is 243N;
[0175] The composite profiles obtained in examples one to three all meet the peeling strength requirements of the composite profiles (converted to 10 mm width, peeling force greater than 200N).
[0176] Of course, the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the range defined by the claims of the application.
Claims
1. A die for extruding a composite material profile, characterised in that, The mould comprises: an upper die (100) and a lower die (200) arranged correspondingly to the upper die (100); the upper die (100) is provided with an inner hole group in the middle and an outer hole group distributed outside the inner hole group, the inner hole group comprises at least one middle feeding hole (101) for the inner material to enter, and the outer hole group comprises at least two outer feeding holes (102) for the outer material to enter; the lower die (200) is sequentially provided with a lower welding chamber (201) and an output die hole (202) along the material conveying direction, and the lower welding chamber (201) is butt-jointed with the output end of the middle feeding hole (101) and the output end of the outer feeding hole (102).
2. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1, wherein the butt-jointed side of the upper die (100) and the lower die (200) is provided with an upper welding chamber (103), the output end of the middle feeding hole (101) and the output end of the outer feeding hole (102) are communicated to the upper welding chamber (103), and the upper welding chamber (103) is butt-jointed with the lower welding chamber (201).
3. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the middle feeding hole (101) gradually expands along the conveying direction of the material; and / or the outer feeding hole (102) gradually expands along the conveying direction of the material.
4. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower welding chamber (201) gradually narrows along the conveying direction of the material.
5. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1, wherein the entrance of the outer feeding hole (102) is provided with a transition zone (104) close to the side of the middle feeding hole (101), and the entrance of the outer feeding hole (102) is in a flared structure through the transition zone (104).
6. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 5, wherein the transition zone (104) comprises a transition round corner (105) and a transition surface (106) connecting the transition round corner (105) and the inside of the outer feeding hole (102) arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the material.
7. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1, wherein the entrance of the middle feeding hole (101) is in a flared structure.
8. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1, wherein the entrance of the inner hole group is within the projection of the inner material along the extrusion direction.
9. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1, wherein the entrance of the outer hole group is outside the projection of the inner material along the extrusion direction.
10. The mould for the composite material extruded profile according to claim 1, wherein the inner hole group comprises one middle feeding hole (101), and the outer hole group comprises four outer feeding holes (102) distributed around the middle feeding hole (101).