Kinetic energy collection auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box and monitor thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides a kinetic energy collection auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box and a monitor thereof, the monitoring box comprises a box body, the box body comprises an upper cover, a bottom plate and a pinch plate; the bottom plate is connected with the upper cover, and a power supply module, a rectifying, filtering and voltage stabilizing module, a monitoring module, a GPS positioning module, a self-powered module, a microprocessor, a 4G communication module and an automatic switching circuit are arranged on one side, facing the upper cover, of the bottom plate; the pinch plate is connected with the bottom plate, and the outer side surface of the pinch plate is connected with a monitoring module external probe; the monitor comprises a monitoring box and a necklace belt, the monitoring box is clamped and buckled on the necklace belt through a bottom plate and a buckle plate, a necklace fixing head is arranged at one end of the necklace belt, and the necklace fixing head is movably connected with the other end of the necklace belt, so that the necklace belt forms a ring wound around the neck of an animal to be monitored. The monitoring box is small in size, avoids the trouble of charging and is convenient to use; the monitor can be conveniently connected to a necklace belt at the neck of an animal, and is very convenient to connect, adjust and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of animal wearable devices, specifically a kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box and its monitor. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the continuous development of human society, the increasing demand for land, and other human interference, the habitats of wild animals are being squeezed. Therefore, it is crucial to learn how to more effectively monitor and protect wild animals.

[0003] Animal monitors are devices that utilize advanced technology to protect wild animals. They integrate various sensors, communication technologies, and data processing systems to remotely monitor, track, and protect the behavior and ecological environment of wild animals. By collecting and analyzing data in real time, bio-intelligent monitors can help researchers and conservation organizations better understand the migration routes, activity ranges, and habits of wild animals, thereby enabling them to take appropriate protective measures to safeguard endangered species and maintain ecological balance.

[0004] Several well-known companies, such as Wildlife Computers and Trail Master, as well as research institutions and conservation organizations, are conducting in-depth research and development in the field of bio-intelligent monitors. Alan Wilson's team, in their "Wildlife Telemetry and Biologging" project starting in 2015, has developed a series of bio-intelligent monitors using advanced biosensors and remote data transmission technologies, including GPS collars, accelerometers, and weather sensors. These monitors can track the location, activity range, and behavior of wild animals in real time, while recording the animals' physiological parameters and environmental conditions, providing crucial data support for wildlife conservation and research. In February 2016, the 772 Institute of the Ninth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation developed an upgraded version of the Beidou satellite positioning collar. This collar adopts a low-power, all-chip solution and innovatively uses a dual-antenna design, greatly improving the positioning success rate in dense forest environments. This upgraded Beidou collar has a working time of up to two years, allows for remote setting of the positioning frequency, and can be set to detach at a set time or remotely controlled.

[0005] In current research, battery life remains a weakness of animal monitors. After prolonged use, the battery may run out, causing the device to malfunction and lose its monitoring function. This project integrates piezoelectric nanogenerator technology and electromagnetic power generation technology to collect the animal's kinetic energy and convert it into electrical energy, aiming to achieve an auxiliary self-powered function. Even when the battery is depleted, the self-powered system will at least maintain the monitor's positioning and intermittent communication functions. Simultaneously, photovoltaic panels will charge the battery through sunlight to maintain the operation of various sensors and continue monitoring the animal.

[0006] In recent years, there have been some achievements in the design of physiological parameter monitoring devices. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN211560077U discloses a wearable monitor for animals, characterized by: a connecting strap, a patch sewn onto the left side of the rear surface of the connecting strap, a hook patch sewn onto the right side of the front surface of the connecting strap, a temperature sensor and a heart rate sensor fixed in the middle of the rear surface of the connecting strap (the heart rate sensor is located to the right of the temperature sensor), a housing fixed in the middle of the front surface of the connecting strap, a locator fixed on the upper surface of the housing, a circuit board fixed inside the housing, a battery fixed at the lower end of the circuit board, a lower cover on the lower surface of the housing, a display screen on the front surface of the housing, a buckle at the front end of the connecting strap, and a buckle extending through the connecting strap to the rear side of the connecting strap. However, its problems include: low battery life, high manual maintenance costs, and unsuitability for use with wild animals.

[0007] Chinese utility model patent CN213345611U discloses a novel smart bracelet monitoring device, characterized by: a bracelet strap with a circular dial on it; a circular touchscreen on the upper surface of the dial; an emergency call button on one side of the dial; a charging port on the other side of the dial; a lithium battery and a kinetic energy generation module inside the dial; a processor and a respiratory and heart rate module inside the dial; and a power conversion circuit, a wireless module, and an audio module inside the dial.

[0008] The technical problems it has are: first, it is relatively large in size; second, it mainly relies on charging to work, which requires removing the device from the animal's neck, making it unable to work continuously and quite troublesome. Utility Model Content

[0009] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box and its monitor. This monitoring box is small in size, equipped with a power module to supply power, avoiding the inconvenience of charging, providing better protection for electrical components, and is easy to use. The monitor of this invention can be easily connected to a collar strap placed around the animal's neck; connection, setup, and adjustment are all very convenient.

[0010] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box, comprising a box body, characterized in that: the box body includes a top cover, a bottom plate, and a buckle plate;

[0012] The base plate is connected to the top cover. On the side of the base plate facing the top cover, there is a power module, a rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation module, a monitoring module, a GPS positioning module, a self-powered module, a microprocessor, a 4G communication module, and an automatic switching circuit. The power module is electrically connected to the self-powered module through the rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation module, and the self-powered module charges the power module. The power module provides power to the monitoring module, GPS positioning module, 4G communication module, and microprocessor. The monitoring module has sensors. The GPS positioning module is used for location determination and is electrically connected to the microprocessor, which controls its operation. The GPS positioning module sends the location information to the microprocessor. The 4G communication module is also electrically connected to the microprocessor, which controls its operation and transmits the data measured by the monitoring module and GPS positioning module to the monitoring terminal via the 4G communication module.

[0013] The buckle plate is connected to the base plate. The sensor has an external probe, which is connected to the outer side of the buckle plate and electrically connected to the sensor. Bolt connection is preferred between the buckle plate and the base plate for easy connection and disassembly.

[0014] With the above-mentioned design, the monitoring box of this utility model is small in size and has a power module to supply power to the monitoring box, thus avoiding the inconvenience of charging.

[0015] This technical solution features a top cover and a bottom plate. The cavity between these two plates connects to house a power module, a rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation module, a monitoring module, a GPS positioning module, a self-powered module, a microprocessor, a 4G communication module, and an automatic switching circuit, providing excellent enclosed protection for the electronic components. A snap-on plate connects to the bottom plate, and a strap can be attached between them to allow the monitoring box to be worn around the neck of the animal to be monitored.

[0016] The base plate and top cover are detachably connected, with a sealing ring between them to ensure airtightness. The base plate and top cover are bolted together, and screw holes are provided at the corners of the base plate. Through holes are provided on both sides of the top cover's beveled surface for connecting external photovoltaic panels. All edges of the box are designed with rounded corners to prevent injury to animals.

[0017] The power module is electrically connected to the monitoring module, GPS positioning module, 4G communication module, and microprocessor via an automatic switching circuit. The microprocessor is an MCU chip. The microprocessor, GPS positioning module, and 4G communication module can be separate modules or integrated into the same chip, such as using the Air780EG chip manufactured by Hezhou Company.

[0018] The rectifier, filter, and voltage regulator module adjusts the voltage to 5 volts, thereby charging the power module.

[0019] As a further improvement to this technical solution:

[0020] The monitoring module is equipped with a body temperature sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, and a heart rate sensor.

[0021] Body temperature sensor, ambient temperature sensor, and heart rate sensor are used to monitor animal body temperature, ambient temperature, and animal heart rate, respectively.

[0022] The monitoring module is electrically connected to the microprocessor, which controls its operation. The monitoring module sends monitoring information to the microprocessor.

[0023] The external probe of the body temperature sensor uses a thermocouple patch, and a temperature sensor conditioning circuit amplifies the sensor signal. One end of the external circuitry of the monitoring module is connected to the monitoring module, and the other end of the external circuitry of the monitoring module is connected to the external probe; the three are electrically connected.

[0024] When selecting sensors, it is necessary to take into account the body size, habits, and monitoring needs of different animals and carry out customized development to ensure the applicability and accuracy of the sensors.

[0025] The microprocessor is electrically connected to the power module, monitoring module, GPS positioning module, and 4G communication module, and controls the operation of each module. The self-powered module is equipped with a photovoltaic panel and an electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator, both of which are electrically connected to the power module through rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation modules. Electrical energy is collected and stored in the self-powered module's battery and supercapacitor.

[0026] The self-powered module is equipped with a photovoltaic panel connection line and a photovoltaic panel. One end of the photovoltaic panel connection line is connected to the rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module, and the other end is connected to the photovoltaic panel. The three are electrically connected.

[0027] The photovoltaic panels in the self-powered module convert solar energy into electrical energy under sufficient sunlight. After being rectified, filtered, and processed by the power supply voltage regulator module, the electrical energy is stored in the battery of the power supply module, which greatly extends the working time of the monitoring device.

[0028] The self-powered module is equipped with an electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator, which is electrically connected to the power module through a rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module to store electrical energy in the power module.

[0029] The electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator is equipped with piezoelectric elements, copper coils, neodymium iron boron magnets, and cantilever beams.

[0030] Two wires are led out from the top and bottom sides of the piezoelectric element near the root of the cantilever beam and electrically connected to the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module. After the current generated by the piezoelectric element is rectified, filtered and regulated, the electrical energy is stored in the power module through the electrical connection between the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module and the power module.

[0031] One end of the cantilever beam is connected to the support component, and the other end is suspended and connected to a copper coil.

[0032] The copper coil is placed in the magnetic field of the neodymium iron boron magnet. The copper coil is made of a copper wire. Wires are led out from both ends of the copper wire and electrically connected to the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module. After rectifying, filtering and regulating the current generated by the copper coil, the electrical energy is stored in the power module through the electrical connection between the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module and the power module.

[0033] When animal movement excites the cantilever beam, the piezoelectric plates attached to it are stretched and compressed, generating electrical energy. Simultaneously, a copper coil at the free end of the cantilever beam moves with it, cutting magnetic field lines within a fixed neodymium iron boron magnet to generate electrical energy. The self-powered module converts animal kinetic energy into electrical energy, which is then processed and stored in the supercapacitor of the power module. This provides power to the monitoring device and maintains the operation of critical modules even when the battery is depleted and the device is in a dark, low-light, or sun-shaded environment (such as when the photovoltaic panels are obstructed by mud). An adaptive energy management strategy automatically adjusts the operating frequency and data transmission volume based on available energy, ensuring priority for critical functions under limited energy conditions.

[0034] Since the electrical energy generated by piezoelectric elements and copper coils is not uniform in magnitude and waveform, different power harvesting circuits should be designed for their respective characteristics. Based on the characteristics of the electrical signal amplitude and frequency, a suitable low-power chip should be selected, and an energy harvesting circuit such as the LTC3588 should be designed.

[0035] The automatic switching circuit consists of resistors, filters, Zener diodes, PNP transistors, and MOSFETs. When the voltage reaches a set value, the circuit conducts, releasing electrical energy to complete the function. The function of the automatic switching circuit is: when the battery is depleted, the capacitor connects to the system circuit to supply power; when the battery stores a certain amount of charge, the capacitor disconnects from the system circuit, and the battery supplies power. Furthermore, when the capacitor is supplying power, the circuit only conducts and supplies power when the capacitor voltage reaches a certain value.

[0036] A monitor with a kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box, the monitor including a monitoring box and a collar strap, the monitoring box being clamped and fastened to the collar strap by a base plate and a buckle plate, one end of the collar strap being provided with a collar fixing head that is movably connected to the other end of the collar strap, so that the collar strap forms a loop around the neck of the monitored animal.

[0037] The collar band has spaced-apart fixing head locking holes on its surface, and the collar fixing head has a buckle that engages with the fixing head locking holes.

[0038] By providing spaced-apart fixing head locking holes on the collar strap, the fixing head locking holes cooperate with the collar fixing head to lock the size of the circle formed by the collar strap, so as to adapt to the needs of different animals.

[0039] The collar strap has a limiting protrusion on the side facing the base plate, and the base plate has a corresponding limiting groove. The limiting groove and the limiting protrusion cooperate to limit the monitoring box and prevent the monitoring box from sliding along the collar strap.

[0040] The base plate has a groove on the side facing the collar strap to accommodate the collar strap; the base plate has a buckle connection screw hole, the position of which corresponds to the position of the fixing head locking hole.

[0041] The above configuration facilitates the bolts to extend from the fixing head locking hole and connect to the buckle plate connecting screw hole; the side of the base plate is provided with a base plate wire groove, which is used to accommodate the connection wires of the circuit.

[0042] The buckle plate has a buckle plate groove on the side facing the collar strap. The buckle plate groove and the bottom plate groove are fastened together to form a connecting cavity for accommodating and connecting the collar strap.

[0043] The buckle plate has base plate connecting screw holes, the positions of which correspond to the buckle plate connecting screw holes. Bolts extend from the base plate connecting screw holes, pass through the fixing head locking holes, and extend to connect to the buckle plate connecting screw holes, thus firmly connecting the buckle plate to the base plate. At the same time, they also firmly connect and lock the collar strap, ensuring a stable connection between the monitoring box and the collar strap.

[0044] The buckle plate is provided with a buckle plate groove, and the bottom surface of the buckle plate is provided with a monitoring module connection groove. The buckle plate groove extends from the side of the buckle plate to the monitoring module connection groove at the bottom surface. The monitoring module connection groove is used to connect and install an external probe of the monitoring module.

[0045] The aforementioned cable tray design facilitates the installation of connection lines and prevents them from being scratched. The monitoring module connection slot allows the sensor of the monitoring module to easily contact the animal's neck.

[0046] The functions of each module or component are explained below:

[0047] The collar strap is made of nylon. While considering the harshness of the wild environment, it also takes into account the comfort required by the animal, possessing advantages such as high strength, good weather resistance, good abrasion resistance, light weight, and good softness. Additionally, the upper surface of the collar strap is designed with equidistant protrusions that cooperate with the recesses on the bottom plate of the enclosure to restrict displacement of the enclosure.

[0048] The top cover and the bottom plate of the box are designed with corresponding threaded holes at the four corners, which are connected and fixed by bolts. At the same time, there are equidistant recesses at the bottom edge of the bottom plate and equidistant protrusions at the upper edge of the buckle plate. The protrusions and recesses form a mortise and tenon structure to fix their relative positions, and the connection between the bottom plate and the buckle plate is fastened by bolts through the central threaded hole and the buckle plate connecting screw hole.

[0049] An adaptive energy management strategy is adopted to automatically adjust the operating frequency and data transmission volume according to the available energy, ensuring that critical functions are prioritized under limited energy conditions.

[0050] The working principle and process of this utility model are as follows:

[0051] Collar strap, box body, collar fixing head. Fix the box body to the appropriate position on the collar strap, and fix the entire device to the animal's neck using the collar fixing head.

[0052] The following beneficial effects are achieved by adopting the technical solution described in this utility model:

[0053] (1) In view of the problem that the monitoring device of the existing technology CN211560077U is fixed by a woolen patch and a hook patch, which is easy to fall off, this utility model adopts a traditional collar fixing head, which is not easy to fall off and can avoid falling off due to the animal's violent activities.

[0054] (2) In view of the problems that the monitoring device of the existing technology CN213345611U has an external display screen and a touch screen, which consumes a lot of power and is easily damaged by the animal’s vigorous activities, this utility model is inclined to the monitoring of wild animals and does not require close-range viewing of data. Therefore, it does not have an external display screen and is protected by a shell. All monitoring data are transmitted to the terminal for viewing via a 4G communication module.

[0055] (3) In view of the problem that the existing monitoring devices CN213345611U and CN213345611U have low battery life, require regular manual charging or battery replacement, and have high manual maintenance costs, making them unsuitable for wild animals, this utility model is designed with a self-powered module. It can power the battery through a photovoltaic panel, greatly extending the battery life. It can also convert the kinetic energy generated by the animal's movement into electrical energy through an electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator to power the supercapacitor. This can be used as a supplement when the battery is depleted and there are no good conditions to replenish the power, effectively maintaining the continuous operation of important modules and greatly ensuring the continuity of data.

[0056] (4) In view of the problem that the kinetic energy utilization rate of the existing monitoring device kinetic energy power generation module CN213345611U is low, this utility model design takes into account both nano-piezoelectric and electromagnetic power generation systems, making dual use of animal kinetic energy and greatly improving the kinetic energy utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the collar structure.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the top cover.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the base plate.

[0060] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the snap-on panel structure.

[0061] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the collar's head fixing structure.

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an energy harvesting circuit.

[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic switch circuit.

[0064] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a self-powered module.

[0065] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the monitoring box body.

[0066] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the monitoring equipment.

[0067] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Necklace strap; 101-Fixing head locking hole; 102-Limiting protrusion; 2-Box body; 3-Necklace fixing head; 21-Top cover; 22-Base plate; 2201-Limiting groove; 2202-Base plate with groove; 2203-Screw hole; 2204-Snap plate connecting screw hole; 2205-Base plate wire groove; 23-Snap plate; 2301-Snap plate wire groove; 2302-Monitoring module connection groove; 2303-Base plate connecting screw hole; 2304-Snap plate with groove; 201-Power module; 202- Rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module; 203-Monitoring module; 2031-External wiring of monitoring module; 204-GPS positioning module; 205-Self-powered module; 2051-PV panel connection wiring of self-powered module; 2052-PV panel; 2053-Electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator; 20531-Piezoelectric element; 20532-Copper coil; 20533-Neoferroborone magnet; 20534-Cantilever beam; 206-Microprocessor; 207-4G communication module; 208-Automatic switching circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0069] See Figures 1-10 It is understood that this utility model provides a kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box and its monitor.

[0070] See Figures 2-4 , Figures 6-10 As can be seen, the kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box of this utility model includes a box body 2, which is composed of an upper cover 21, a bottom plate 22, and a buckle plate 23.

[0071] The base plate 22 is connected to the top cover 21. The side of the base plate 22 facing the top cover 21 is provided with a power module 201, a rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module 202, a monitoring module 203, a GPS positioning module 204, a self-powered module 205, a microprocessor 206, a 4G communication module 207, and an automatic switching circuit 208.

[0072] The base plate 22 and the top cover 21 are detachably connected, and a sealing ring is placed between them to ensure airtightness. Figure 3 As shown, the base plate 22 and the top cover 21 are connected by bolts, and the base plate 22 has screw holes 2203 at its corners. The top cover 21 has through holes on both sides of its beveled surface for connecting external photovoltaic panels 2052.

[0073] The base plate 22 and the buckle plate 23 have wire grooves on their sides for fixing external wiring. The bottom of the buckle plate has a groove for fixing thermocouple patches and heart rate monitoring components, facilitating contact with the animal for more accurate measurements. The edges of the box are all designed with rounded corners to prevent injury to the animal.

[0074] The monitoring module (203) is equipped with sensors.

[0075] The buckle plate 23 is connected to the base plate 22. The external probe of the monitoring module 203 is connected to the outer side of the buckle plate 23. The buckle plate 23 and the base plate 22 are preferably connected by bolts for easy connection and disassembly.

[0076] The microprocessor 206 is an MCU chip. The microprocessor 206, GPS positioning module 204, and 4G communication module 207 can be separate modules or integrated into the same chip, for example, the Air780EG chip produced by Heze Technology can be used instead.

[0077] The power module 201 is electrically connected to the self-powered module 205 through the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module 202, and the self-powered module 205 charges the power module 201; the power module 201 provides power to the monitoring module 203, the GPS positioning module 204, the 4G communication module 207 and the microprocessor 206. Figure 9 As shown, the power module 201 is electrically connected to the monitoring module 203, the GPS positioning module 204, the 4G communication module 207, and the microprocessor 206 via the automatic switching circuit 208.

[0078] The rectifier, filter, and voltage regulator module adjusts the voltage to 5 volts, thereby charging the power module.

[0079] The monitoring module 203 is equipped with a body temperature sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, and a heart rate sensor, used to monitor the animal's body temperature, ambient temperature, and heart rate, respectively. The monitoring module 203 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 206, which controls its operation and sends monitoring information to the microprocessor 206. The external probe of the body temperature sensor uses a thermocouple patch, and a temperature sensor conditioning circuit amplifies the sensor signal. One end of the external circuit 2031 of the monitoring module is connected to the monitoring module 203, and the other end is connected to the external probe; all three are electrically connected.

[0080] When selecting sensors, it is necessary to take into account the body size, habits, and monitoring needs of different animals and carry out customized development to ensure the applicability and accuracy of the sensors.

[0081] The GPS positioning module 204 is used to locate a position. The GPS positioning module 204 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 206 and its operation is controlled by the microprocessor 206. The GPS positioning module 204 sends the location information to the microprocessor 206.

[0082] The 4G communication module 207 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 206, and its operation is controlled by the microprocessor 206. The data measured by the monitoring module 203 and the GPS positioning module 204 are transmitted to the monitoring terminal through the 4G communication module 207.

[0083] The microprocessor 206 is electrically connected to the power module 201, monitoring module 203, GPS positioning module 204, and 4G communication module 207, and controls the operation of each module. The self-powered module 205 is equipped with a photovoltaic panel 2052 and an electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator 2053. Both the photovoltaic panel 2052 and the electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator 2053 are electrically connected to the power module 201 through rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation modules. Electrical energy is collected and stored in the battery and supercapacitor of the self-powered module 205.

[0084] Figure 9 As shown, one end of the self-powered module photovoltaic panel connection line 2051 is connected to the rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module 202, and the other end is connected to the photovoltaic panel 2052. The three are electrically connected.

[0085] In the self-powered module 205, the photovoltaic panel 2052 converts light energy into electrical energy under sufficient sunlight. After being rectified, filtered, and processed by the power supply voltage regulator module, the electrical energy is stored in the battery of the power module 201, which greatly extends the working time of the monitoring device.

[0086] The self-powered module 205 is equipped with an electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator 2053, which is electrically connected to the power module (201) through a rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module 202 to store electrical energy in the power module 201.

[0087] The electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator 2053 includes: 20531-piezoelectric element, 20532-copper coil, 20533-neon iron boron magnet, and 20534-cantilever beam.

[0088] Two wires are led out from the top and bottom sides of the piezoelectric element 20531 near the root of the cantilever beam 20534 and electrically connected to the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module 202. After rectifying, filtering and regulating the current generated by the piezoelectric element 20531, the electrical energy is stored in the power module 201 through the electrical connection between the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module 202 and the power module 201.

[0089] One end of the cantilever beam 20534 is connected to the support component, and the other end is suspended and connected to a copper coil 20532 at the end.

[0090] The copper coil 20532 is placed in the magnetic field of the neodymium iron boron magnet 20533.

[0091] The copper coil 20532 is made of a copper wire. Wires are led out from both ends of the copper wire and electrically connected to the rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module 202. After rectifying, filtering and regulating the current generated by the copper coil 20532, the electrical energy is stored in the power module 201 through the electrical connection between the rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module 202 and the power module 201.

[0092] When animal movement excites the cantilever beam 20535, the piezoelectric plate 20531 attached to the cantilever beam 20535 is stretched and compressed, generating electrical energy. When animal movement excites the cantilever beam 20535, the copper coil located at the free end of the cantilever beam 20535 moves with the cantilever beam 20535, cutting magnetic field lines within the fixed neodymium iron boron magnet 20533 to generate electrical energy. The self-powered module 205 converts animal kinetic energy into electrical energy, which is then processed and stored in the supercapacitor of the power module 201. This provides power to the monitoring device and maintains the operation of critical modules even when the battery is depleted and the device is in a dark, low-light, or sun-shaded environment (such as when the photovoltaic panel 2052 is blocked by mud). An adaptive energy management strategy is adopted, automatically adjusting the operating frequency and data transmission volume according to available energy to ensure priority for critical functions under limited energy conditions.

[0093] The piezoelectric element 20531 and the copper coil 20532 generate electrical energy with different magnitudes and waveforms. Therefore, different power harvesting circuits should be designed for their respective power generation characteristics. Based on the characteristics of the electrical signal amplitude and frequency, a suitable low-power chip should be selected, and an energy harvesting circuit such as LTC3588 should be designed.

[0094] See Figure 7 As shown, the automatic switching circuit 208 consists of resistors, filters, Zener diodes, PNP transistors, and MOSFETs. When the voltage reaches a set value, the circuit conducts, releasing electrical energy to complete the function. The function of the automatic switching circuit 208 is: when the battery is depleted, the capacitor connects to the system circuit to supply power; when the battery stores a certain amount of power, the capacitor disconnects from the system circuit, and the battery supplies power. Simultaneously, when the capacitor supplies power, the circuit only conducts when the capacitor voltage reaches a certain value. A monitor with a self-powered animal monitoring box for collecting kinetic energy includes a monitoring box and a collar strap 1. The monitoring box is clamped and fastened to the collar strap 1 by a base plate 22 and a buckle plate 23. A collar fixing head 3 is provided at one end of the collar strap 1, and the collar fixing head 3 is movably connected to the other end of the collar strap 1, so that the collar strap 1 forms a loop around the neck of the monitored animal.

[0095] The surface of the collar strap 1 is provided with spaced fixing head locking holes 101, and the collar fixing head 3 is provided with a buckle 301, which cooperates with the fixing head locking holes 101.

[0096] By providing spaced fixing head locking holes 101 on the collar strap 1, the fixing head locking holes 101 cooperate with the collar fixing head 3 to lock the size of the circle formed by the collar strap 1, so as to adapt to the needs of different animals.

[0097] The collar strap 1 has a limiting protrusion 102 on the side facing the base plate 22, and the base plate 22 has a corresponding limiting groove 2201. The limiting groove 2201 cooperates with the limiting protrusion 102 to limit the monitoring box and prevent the monitoring box from sliding along the collar strap 1.

[0098] The base plate 22 has a base plate groove 2202 on the side facing the collar strap 1, which is used to accommodate the collar strap 1.

[0099] The base plate 22 is provided with a snap-on connecting screw hole 2204, the position of which corresponds to the position of the fixing head locking hole 101. This arrangement facilitates the bolt extending from the fixing head locking hole 101 and connecting to the snap-on connecting screw hole 2204.

[0100] The side of the base plate 22 is provided with a base plate wire groove 2205, which is used to accommodate the connection wires of the circuit.

[0101] The buckle plate 23 has a buckle plate groove 2304 on the side facing the collar strap 1. The buckle plate groove 2304 and the base plate groove 2202 are fastened together to form a connecting cavity for accommodating and connecting the collar strap 1.

[0102] The buckle plate 23 is provided with a base plate connecting screw hole 2303, the position of which corresponds to the buckle plate connecting screw hole 2204. The bolt extends from the base plate connecting screw hole 2303, passes through the fixing head locking hole 101, and extends to connect to the buckle plate connecting screw hole 2204, thereby firmly connecting the buckle plate 23 to the base plate 22. At the same time, it also firmly connects and locks the collar strap 1, so that the monitoring box and the collar strap 1 are stably connected.

[0103] The buckle plate 23 is provided with a buckle plate wire groove 2301, and the bottom surface of the buckle plate 23 is provided with a monitoring module connection groove 2302. The buckle plate wire groove 2301 extends from the side of the buckle plate 23 to the monitoring module connection groove 2302 at the bottom surface. The monitoring module connection groove 2302 is used to connect and set the external probe of the monitoring module 203, so that the external probe of the monitoring module 203 can come into contact with the animal's neck.

[0104] The functions of each module or component are explained below:

[0105] The collar strap 1 is made of nylon. While considering the harshness of the wild environment, it also takes into account the comfort required by the animal, possessing advantages such as high strength, good weather resistance, good wear resistance, light weight, and good softness. At the same time, the upper surface of the collar strap 1 is designed with equidistant protrusions, which cooperate with the recesses of the bottom plate 22 of the monitoring box 2 to restrict the displacement of the monitoring box 2.

[0106] The monitoring box body 2 has corresponding threaded holes at the four corners of the top cover 21 and the base plate 22, which are connected and fixed by bolts. At the same time, the bottom edge of the base plate 22 has equidistant recesses, and the upper surface edge of the buckle plate 23 has equidistant protrusions. The protrusions and recesses form a mortise and tenon structure to fix their relative positions, and the connection between the base plate 22 and the buckle plate 23 is fastened by bolts at the buckle plate connecting screw holes 2203 and the base plate connecting screw holes 2303.

[0107] An adaptive energy management strategy is adopted to automatically adjust the operating frequency and data transmission volume according to the available energy, ensuring that critical functions are prioritized under limited energy conditions.

[0108] The working principle and process of this utility model are as follows:

[0109] Collar strap 1, monitoring box body 2, collar fixing head 3. Fix the monitoring box body 2 to a suitable position on the collar strap 1, and fix the entire device to the animal's neck through the collar fixing head 3.

[0110] The following beneficial effects are achieved by adopting the technical solution described in this utility model:

[0111] (1) In view of the problem that existing monitoring devices are fixed by adhesive tape and hook tape, which are easy to fall off, this utility model adopts a traditional collar fixing head, which is not easy to fall off and can avoid falling off due to the animal's vigorous activities.

[0112] (2) In view of the problems that existing monitoring devices have external display screens and touch screens, which consume a lot of power and are easily damaged by the vigorous activities of animals, this utility model is inclined to wild animal monitoring, which does not require close-range viewing of data. Therefore, no external display screen is designed. The whole body is protected by the shell, and each monitoring data is transmitted to the terminal for viewing via 4G communication module.

[0113] (3) In view of the problem that the existing monitoring devices have low battery life, require regular manual charging or battery replacement, and have high manual maintenance costs, making them unsuitable for wild animals, this utility model is designed with a self-powered module. It can power the battery through a photovoltaic panel, greatly extending the battery life. It can also convert the kinetic energy generated by the animal's movement into electrical energy through an electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator to power the supercapacitor. This can be used as a supplement when the battery is depleted and there are no good conditions to replenish the power, effectively maintaining the continuous operation of important modules and greatly ensuring the continuity of data.

[0114] (4) In view of the problem that the kinetic energy utilization rate of the existing monitoring device kinetic energy power generation module is low, the present invention takes into account both nano-piezoelectric and electromagnetic power generation systems, making dual use of animal kinetic energy and greatly improving the kinetic energy utilization rate.

[0115] This invention provides a design concept and method for a kinetic energy harvesting-assisted self-powered animal monitor. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box, comprising a box body (2), characterized in that: The box body (2) includes a top cover (21), a bottom plate (22), and a snap plate (23); The base plate (22) is connected to the top cover (21). On the side of the base plate (22) facing the top cover (21), there are a power module (201), a rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module (202), a monitoring module (203), a GPS positioning module (204), a self-powered module (205), a microprocessor (206), a 4G communication module (207), and an automatic switching circuit (208). The power module (201) is electrically connected to the self-powered module (205) through the rectification, filtering and voltage regulation module (202), and the self-powered module (205) charges the power module (201). The power module (201) is the monitoring module (203) and the GPS positioning module (204). The 4G communication module (207) and the microprocessor (206) are powered by a sensor. The monitoring module (203) is equipped with a GPS positioning module (204) for positioning. The GPS positioning module (204) is electrically connected to the microprocessor (206) and is controlled by the microprocessor (206). The GPS positioning module (204) sends the positioning information to the microprocessor (206). The 4G communication module (207) is electrically connected to the microprocessor (206) and is controlled by the microprocessor (206). The 4G communication module (207) transmits the data measured by the monitoring module (203) and the GPS positioning module (204) to the monitoring terminal. The buckle plate (23) is connected to the base plate (22), and the sensor is provided with an external probe. The external probe is connected to the outer side of the buckle plate (23) and is electrically connected to the sensor.

2. The kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor includes a body temperature sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, and a heart rate sensor.

3. The kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-powered module (205) is provided with a self-powered module photovoltaic panel connection line (2051) and a photovoltaic panel (2052). One end of the self-powered module photovoltaic panel connection line (2051) is connected to the rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module (202), and the other end is connected to the photovoltaic panel (2052). The three are electrically connected.

4. The kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-powered module (205) is equipped with an electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator (2053). The electromagnetic-piezoelectric generator (2053) is electrically connected to the power module (201) through a rectifier, filter and voltage regulator module (202) to store electrical energy in the power module (201).

5. A monitor with a kinetic energy harvesting auxiliary self-powered animal monitoring box as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The monitor includes a monitoring box and a collar strap (1). The monitoring box is clamped and fastened to the collar strap (1) by a base plate (22) and a buckle plate (23). A collar fixing head (3) is provided at one end of the collar strap (1). The collar fixing head (3) is movably connected to the other end of the collar strap (1), so that the collar strap (1) forms a loop around the neck of the monitored animal.

6. The monitor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collar band (1) has spaced fixing head locking holes (101) on its surface, and the collar fixing head (3) has a buckle (301) that engages with the fixing head locking holes (101).

7. The monitor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collar strap (1) has a limiting protrusion (102) on the side facing the base plate (22), and the base plate (22) has a corresponding limiting groove (2201). The limiting groove (2201) and the limiting protrusion (102) cooperate to limit the monitoring box and prevent the monitoring box from sliding along the collar strap (1).

8. The monitor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base plate (22) is provided with a base plate groove (2202) on the side facing the collar strap (1), and the base plate groove (2202) is used to accommodate the collar strap (1); the base plate (22) is provided with a buckle connecting screw hole (2204), and the position of the buckle connecting screw hole (2204) corresponds to the position of the fixing head locking hole (101).

9. The monitor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buckle plate (23) has a buckle plate groove (2304) on the side facing the collar strap (1). The buckle plate groove (2304) and the bottom plate groove (2202) are fastened together to form a connecting cavity for accommodating and connecting the collar strap (1).

10. The monitor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buckle plate (23) is provided with a buckle plate wire groove (2301) and a monitoring module connection groove (2302) on the bottom surface of the buckle plate (23). The buckle plate wire groove (2301) extends from the side of the buckle plate (23) to the monitoring module connection groove (2302) at the bottom surface. The monitoring module connection groove (2302) is used to connect the external probe of the monitoring module (203).

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