Kiln car for negative electrode material pre-carbonization tunnel kiln
By using a lightweight kiln car structure and filling the gaps with refractory materials to form a curved seal structure, the problems of poor thermal shock performance and low heat utilization efficiency of existing kiln cars have been solved, achieving energy savings and cost reduction.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422984762.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing kiln cars used in pre-carbonized tunnel kilns for anode materials suffer from poor thermal shock resistance and low heat utilization efficiency due to their all-brick structure, which increases production costs and carbon emissions.
The kiln car adopts a lightweight design, replacing part of the brick structure with a support structure composed of steel frame, baffle plate and refractory material. The gaps are filled with refractory materials such as ceramic fiber, cotton blanket and rock wool to form a curved sealing structure to reduce heat loss and accumulation.
This reduces the heat capacity and mass of the kiln car, decreases gas and electricity consumption, improves heat utilization efficiency, and reduces production costs and carbon emissions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223538042U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel kiln technology, specifically relating to a kiln car for a tunnel kiln for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials. Background Technology
[0002] The negative electrode material is in powder form and is typically loaded into crucibles. To ensure production capacity and improve heat utilization efficiency, the crucibles are relatively large. However, since a single kiln car carries a large number of crucibles, the overall weight of the crucibles after loading is very large. Therefore, the kiln cars used in existing pre-carbonization tunnel kilns are all made of brick to improve load-bearing strength.
[0003] According to the process requirements of pre-carbonization tunnel kilns, the kiln cars carrying the charging crucibles need to complete the process from entering the kiln to exiting it. This process involves a repeated cycle from a cold state to a high-temperature state and then back to a cold state. Therefore, the kiln cars are constantly in a state of alternating heat absorption and release. However, the existing kiln car refractory materials are all refractory brick structures, which have relatively poor thermal shock resistance. In addition, due to the large overall weight and heat capacity of the kiln cars, they absorb a large amount of heat during the heating process. During cooling, due to the large amount of heat stored within them, a considerable amount of time and cooling air are required to achieve the desired temperature drop. It is evident that a significant amount of heat is ineffectively utilized during the kiln car's entry and exit from the kiln, resulting in a waste of a large amount of energy. This not only increases the company's production costs but also increases its carbon emissions.
[0004] Therefore, this utility model proposes a new type of kiln car to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kiln car for a tunnel kiln for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials, which can replace the original all-brick kiln car method, achieve the purpose of kiln car lightweighting, greatly reduce gas consumption and electricity consumption, and help reduce production costs.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0007] A kiln car for a tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials includes:
[0008] The vehicle body support includes a steel frame and kiln wheels. The kiln wheels are located at the bottom of the steel frame. A base plate is provided on the bottom surface of the steel frame, and a baffle plate is provided on the side of the steel frame. An installation space is formed between the base plate and the baffle plate.
[0009] The supporting structure includes a perimeter wall, a central partition wall, facing bricks, and refractory material. The perimeter wall is set along the enclosure of the installation space, forming a central area between the perimeter walls. Multiple central partition walls are set in the central area, and there are gaps between the edge central partition walls and the adjacent enclosure. The facing bricks are laid along the top surface of the perimeter wall and the central partition wall to enclose the central area. The refractory material fills the gaps in the central area.
[0010] Preferably, the support structure further includes multiple crucible pad brick groups, each crucible pad brick group including multiple pad bricks, the number of pad bricks being greater than or equal to three, and the pad bricks being located directly above the perimeter wall and / or the intermediate partition wall.
[0011] Preferably, each crucible support brick group includes three support bricks arranged in a triangular pattern.
[0012] Preferably, multiple intermediate partition walls are arranged in parallel within the central area, and refractory material is filled between adjacent intermediate partition walls.
[0013] More preferably, adjacent intermediate partition walls form a filling area, and an intermediate partition wall at the edge and an adjacent perimeter wall also form a filling area. Refractory material is placed in the filling area, and the width of the filling area is greater than or equal to the width of the intermediate partition wall.
[0014] More preferably, the refractory materials in two adjacent filling regions are different.
[0015] More preferably, in the same filling area, multiple different refractory materials are arranged from bottom to top, and the refractory material at the top has better refractory performance than the refractory material at the bottom.
[0016] Preferably, in the intermediate region, the volume occupied by the refractory material is greater than or equal to half the volume of the intermediate region.
[0017] Preferably, the refractory material includes one or more of ceramic fiber materials, cotton blanket materials, and rock wool materials.
[0018] Preferably, two intersecting partition walls are set along the two diagonals of the middle area, dividing the middle area into four sub-areas. Parallel partition walls are set in each sub-area, and the partition walls in adjacent sub-areas are perpendicular to each other. In each sub-area, a filling area is formed between adjacent partition walls, and refractory material is placed in the filling area.
[0019] Beneficial effects:
[0020] This invention replaces the original all-brick kiln car method, greatly reducing gas and electricity consumption. Specifically, on the one hand, the kiln car structure is lightweight, with a large portion of the original brick structure replaced by refractory materials, significantly reducing its heat capacity and mass. The heat required to be absorbed during the heating process from low to high temperature is reduced, and the corresponding gas consumption is also reduced. On the other hand, because the kiln car itself has less heat storage, the amount of cold air that needs to be injected during the cooling process is reduced, and the operating power of the cooling fan and the exhaust fan is reduced accordingly, resulting in a corresponding reduction in electricity consumption, which helps to reduce production costs. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 The figure shown is an overall schematic diagram of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 The diagram shown is an internal schematic of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic of the supporting structure;
[0024] Figure 4 The diagram shows the relationship between the facing brick, the base brick, and the crucible.
[0025] Reference numerals: 1-Car body support, 2-Supporting structure, 3-Crucible;
[0026] 11-Steel frame, 12-Kiln wheel, 13-Bottom plate, 14-Enclosure plate;
[0027] 21-Embellishing wall, 22-Intermediate partition wall, 23-Refractory material, 24-Facing brick, 25-Backing brick. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of this utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
[0029] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model proposes a kiln car for a tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials, including a car body support 1 and a support structure 2. The support structure 2 is disposed inside the car body support 1. The support structure 2 is designed for lightweighting by replacing part of the brick structure with refractory material 23, thereby reducing the overall heat capacity and mass of the kiln car. The technical solution of this utility model is described in detail below with a specific structural description.
[0030] like Figure 1-2As shown, the car body support 1 includes a steel frame 11 and a kiln car wheel 12. The kiln car wheel 12 is located at the bottom of the steel frame 11 and can travel on the track, so that the kiln car can transport the crucible 3 in and out of the kiln. A bottom plate 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the steel frame 11, and a baffle plate 14 is provided on the side of the steel frame 11. An installation space for accommodating the support structure 2 is formed between the bottom plate 13 and the baffle plate 14.
[0031] The base plate 13 and the enclosure plate 14 installed inside the steel frame 11, along with the support structure 2 located in the installation space, form a curved sealing structure that blocks the high-temperature flue gas from escaping downwards to the kiln car, effectively preventing heat loss and damage to the steel frame 11 structure.
[0032] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the supporting structure 2 includes a perimeter wall 21, a central partition wall 22, facing bricks 24, and refractory material 23. The perimeter wall 21 is set along the enclosure plate 14 of the installation space, forming a central area between the perimeter walls 21. Multiple central partition walls 22 are set within the central area, and there are gaps between the edge central partition walls 22 and the adjacent enclosure plate 14. The facing bricks 24 are laid along the top surface of the perimeter wall 21 and the central partition walls 22, enclosing the central area. The refractory material 23 fills the gaps within the central area. The perimeter wall 21, together with the steel frame 11 base plate 13 and the enclosure plate 14, forms a curved sealing structure. The central partition wall 22 serves a load-bearing function. After the facing bricks 24 are laid, the crucible 3 is placed on top of the facing bricks 24. The central partition wall 22 and the perimeter wall 21 support the crucible 3, while the refractory material 23 filling area is not under stress, thereby achieving the overall lightweighting of the kiln car.
[0033] In this invention, the refractory material 23 includes one or more of ceramic fiber materials, cotton blanket materials, and rock wool materials. It is readily understood that the refractory material 23 can also be made of other types of materials, as long as they can achieve the same function. Preferably, in the intermediate region, the volume occupied by the refractory material 23, i.e., the volume of the filled region, is greater than or equal to half the volume of the intermediate region. More preferably, the volume occupied by the refractory material 23, i.e., the volume of the filled region, is less than or equal to two-thirds of the volume of the intermediate region.
[0034] Since the specific gravity of refractory material 23 is only about one-tenth that of refractory brick, and the area occupied by refractory material 23 reaches or even exceeds half of the middle area, the heat accumulated and lost during the heating and cooling process of the kiln car is reduced, with the reduction rate set to reach one-third.
[0035] The facing bricks 24 serve to resist the erosion of high-temperature airflow, while protecting the refractory material 23 filled below from directly bearing high temperatures, improving the insulation effect of the supporting structure 2, and extending the service life of the kiln car.
[0036] In this invention, the arrangement of multiple intermediate partition walls 22 within the intermediate area can be varied. Preferably, the multiple intermediate partition walls 22 are arranged in parallel within the intermediate area, and refractory material 23 is filled between adjacent intermediate partition walls 22. For example... Figure 2-3 As shown, the orientation of the intermediate partition wall 22 is perpendicular to the direction of the kiln car's movement.
[0037] More preferably, adjacent intermediate partition walls 22 form a filling area, and an edge intermediate partition wall 22 also forms a filling area with the adjacent perimeter wall 21. Refractory material 23 is disposed within the filling area, and the width of the filling area is greater than or equal to the width of the intermediate partition wall 22. It is easy to understand that multiple parallel intermediate partition walls 22 are parallel to and perpendicular to the opposite perimeter walls, such as... Figure 3 As shown.
[0038] In the multiple filling areas of the middle region, the arrangement of refractory material 23 is also diverse. For example, the refractory material 23 set in two adjacent filling areas may be different. For instance, the refractory material 23 in one filling area may have better refractory performance than the refractory material 23 in another filling area.
[0039] Alternatively, within the same filling area, various different refractory materials 23 can be arranged from bottom to top according to their increasing refractory performance. This means the refractory material 23 with the best refractory performance will contact the bottom surface of the facing bricks 24, which helps extend the service life of the kiln car. More preferably, within the same filling area, two different refractory materials 23 can be arranged from bottom to top, with the upper refractory material 23 occupying one-third of the filling area and the lower refractory material 23 occupying two-thirds.
[0040] Furthermore, the support structure 2 also includes multiple crucible support brick groups, each of which includes multiple support bricks 25, with the number of support bricks 25 being greater than or equal to three. The support bricks 25 are positioned directly above the perimeter wall 21 and / or the intermediate partition wall 22. It is easy to understand that the arrangement of the crucible support brick groups allows the bottom surface of the crucible 3 to be suspended, facilitating the flow of high-temperature gas and ensuring uniform heating of the bottom of the crucible 3, thus improving the firing quality. In addition, the support bricks 25 correspond to the perimeter wall 21 and the intermediate partition wall 22 below, allowing the perimeter wall 21 and the intermediate partition wall 22 to directly bear the load, solving the problem that the refractory material 23 cannot bear the load.
[0041] Preferably, each crucible support brick group includes three support bricks 25, which are arranged in a triangular pattern, i.e., as shown in the diagram. Figure 4 As shown, two of the pad bricks 25 are located directly above the same intermediate partition wall 22, and another pad brick 25 is located directly above the adjacent intermediate partition wall 22.
[0042] Alternatively, the intermediate partition wall 22 can be set up as follows: two intersecting intermediate partition walls 22 are first set up along the two diagonals of the intermediate area to divide the intermediate area into four sub-areas. Parallel intermediate partition walls 22 are set up in each sub-area, and the intermediate partition walls 22 in adjacent sub-areas are perpendicular to each other (not shown in the attached figure). In each sub-area, a filling area is formed between adjacent intermediate partition walls 22, and refractory material 23 is set in the filling area.
[0043] The embodiments provided by this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from the principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A kiln car for a tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials, characterized in that, include: The vehicle body support (1) includes a steel frame (11) and a kiln wheel (12). The kiln wheel (12) is located at the bottom of the steel frame (11). A base plate (13) is provided on the bottom surface of the steel frame (11). A baffle plate (14) is provided on the side of the steel frame (11). An installation space is formed between the base plate (13) and the baffle plate (14). The supporting structure (2) includes a perimeter wall (21), a middle partition wall (22), facing bricks (24), and refractory material (23). The perimeter wall (21) is set along the enclosure plate (14) of the installation space, and a middle area is formed between the perimeter walls (21). Multiple middle partition walls (22) are set in the middle area, and there are gaps between the middle partition walls (22) at the edges and the adjacent enclosure plate (14). The facing bricks (24) are laid along the top surface of the perimeter wall (21) and the middle partition wall (22) to close the middle area. The refractory material (23) fills the gaps in the middle area.
2. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonization of negative electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the intermediate region, the volume occupied by the refractory material (23) is greater than or equal to half the volume of the intermediate region.
3. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonization of negative electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support structure (2) also includes multiple crucible pad brick groups, each crucible pad brick group including multiple pad bricks (25), the number of pad bricks (25) is greater than or equal to three, and the pad bricks (25) are located directly above the perimeter wall (21) and / or the intermediate partition wall (22).
4. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonization of negative electrode materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each crucible support brick set consists of three support bricks (25), which are arranged in a triangular pattern.
5. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonization of negative electrode materials according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Multiple intermediate partition walls (22) are arranged in parallel in the middle area, and refractory material (23) is filled between adjacent intermediate partition walls (22).
6. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjacent intermediate partition wall (22) forms a filling area, and the intermediate partition wall (22) at the edge and the adjacent perimeter wall (21) also form a filling area. The refractory material (23) is placed in the filling area, and the width of the filling area is greater than or equal to the width of the intermediate partition wall (22).
7. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonization of negative electrode materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The refractory materials (23) set in the two adjacent filling areas are different.
8. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the same filling area, a variety of different refractory materials (23) are set from bottom to top, and the refractory material (23) located at the top has better refractory performance than the refractory material (23) located at the bottom.
9. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln used for pre-carbonization of negative electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractory material (23) includes one or more of ceramic fiber materials, cotton blanket materials and rock wool materials.
10. The kiln car for the tunnel kiln for pre-carbonizing negative electrode materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two intersecting partition walls (22) are set along the two diagonals of the middle area to divide the middle area into four sub-areas. Parallel partition walls (22) are set in each sub-area, and the partition walls (22) in adjacent sub-areas are perpendicular to each other. In each sub-area, a filling area is formed between adjacent partition walls (22), and refractory material (23) is set in the filling area.