Replaceable multifunctional obstetrical teaching aid for neonatal umbilical region nursing

Abstract

The utility model relates to a replaceable multifunctional obstetric teaching aid for neonatal umbilical region nursing, which comprises an umbilical cord ligation simulation area and two umbilical cord broken end functional areas with different internal blood vessel distribution conditions, and a plurality of inserts are arranged on the connecting surface of the far end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area. Wherein a connecting buckle arranged at the near end of the first umbilical artery connecting plug-in is detachably connected with a buckle cavity reserved on a far-end connecting surface of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area in an inserting manner; the umbilical cord broken end functional area is divided into a general umbilical cord functional area and a special umbilical cord functional area, a broken end plane corresponding to the first umbilical artery connecting insert is reserved on the near-end connecting surface of the general umbilical cord functional area, the broken end plane is not reserved on the special umbilical cord functional area, and the general umbilical cord functional area can be detachably connected with the umbilical cord ligation simulation area provided with the first umbilical artery connecting insert. The special umbilical cord functional area can be detachably connected with the umbilical cord ligation simulation area without the first umbilical artery connecting insert.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical teaching aids technology, and in particular to a replaceable multifunctional obstetric teaching aid for neonatal umbilical cord care. Background Technology

[0002] As a vital lifeline connecting the fetus and placenta, the proper management of the umbilical cord after delivery is crucial. Umbilical cord management primarily encompasses two core aspects: cord ligation and umbilical cord care. Cord ligation physically blocks blood flow through the umbilical cord, ensuring complete separation of the fetus from the mother. Umbilical cord care focuses on keeping the umbilical area clean and dry to prevent infection and complications, thus ensuring the healthy growth of the newborn. In emergency situations, such as when the newborn requires immediate medical intervention, umbilical vein catheterization becomes a key means of rapidly establishing intravenous access and providing medication or nutritional support.

[0003] However, mastering neonatal umbilical cord handling techniques is no easy feat. Operators not only need a solid theoretical foundation but also require repeated practice to master the operational details. Currently available nursing teaching aids in this area are significantly inadequate. Existing aids often fail to simulate the real pulsation of the neonatal umbilical artery, a deficiency that makes it difficult for trainees to truly experience the feel of the procedure, affecting their judgment of ligation force and timing. Furthermore, the disposable or fragile nature of these aids limits repeated practice of umbilical cord ligation techniques, hindering skill consolidation and improvement.

[0004] Existing models generally lack a visual representation of the distribution of normal and abnormal blood vessels within the umbilical cord, which is crucial for understanding umbilical cord structure and identifying abnormal vessels. Training in umbilical vein catheterization is similarly limited in neonatal resuscitation simulations because existing teaching aids lack sufficient realism and repeatability, making it difficult for trainees to effectively master this important skill in a simulated environment.

[0005] Furthermore, the differences in body size among newborns necessitate that teaching aids be universal and adaptable, but existing models often fail to meet this requirement, limiting the diversity and flexibility of teaching scenarios. Existing teaching aids typically focus on training single skills while neglecting the coherence and systematic nature of the entire umbilical cord care process. This not only increases teaching costs but also affects trainees' understanding of the overall nursing process. Therefore, developing a new type of teaching aid that can comprehensively simulate newborn umbilical cord care scenarios, support repeated practice, and possess high realism and process coherence is of great significance for improving the quality of nursing education and ensuring the health and safety of newborns.

[0006] CN221239360U discloses an umbilical vein catheterization training device for neonatal asphyxia resuscitation. This device focuses on training in umbilical vein catheterization techniques during neonatal asphyxia resuscitation. By incorporating an umbilical cord prosthesis, the device aims to simplify the training and assessment process for medical personnel in umbilical vein catheterization. However, its design primarily serves a single function, lacking in simulating the diversity of umbilical cord vessel distribution and the realism of umbilical cord pulsation. This limits the device's operational range in simulating different clinical situations and affects its teaching effectiveness.

[0007] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making this utility model, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that this utility model does not have the features of these prior art. On the contrary, this utility model has all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this application proposes a replaceable multifunctional obstetric teaching tool for neonatal umbilical cord care, which aims to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0009] This utility model relates to a replaceable multifunctional obstetric teaching tool for neonatal umbilical cord care, comprising an umbilical cord ligation simulation area and two umbilical cord stump functional areas that can be connected to the umbilical cord ligation simulation area to form two different umbilical cord teaching tools. The distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area is equipped with several plugs, among which the first umbilical artery connection plug is detachably connected to the umbilical cord ligation simulation area. The umbilical cord stump functional areas are divided into two categories: one is a general umbilical cord functional area with a pre-reserved stump plane corresponding to the first umbilical artery connection plug at the proximal end; the other is a special umbilical cord functional area without such a pre-reserved stump plane. When the first umbilical artery connection plug is connected, the umbilical cord ligation simulation area can connect with the general umbilical cord functional area; when the first umbilical artery connection plug is not connected, the umbilical cord ligation simulation area can connect with the special umbilical cord functional area to form umbilical cord teaching tools with different numbers of blood vessels.

[0010] The system includes an umbilical cord ligation simulation area and two umbilical cord end functional areas that can be connected to the umbilical cord ligation simulation area to form two different umbilical cord teaching aids. Several plug-ins are configured on the connecting surface at the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area. The first umbilical artery connecting plug has a connecting buckle at its proximal end that can be detachably inserted into a pre-reserved buckle cavity on the distal connecting surface of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area. The two umbilical cord end functional areas are a general umbilical cord functional area with a pre-reserved end plane corresponding to the first umbilical artery connecting plug on its proximal connecting surface, and a special umbilical cord functional area without such a pre-reserved end plane. When the umbilical cord ligation simulation area is configured with the first umbilical artery connecting plug, it can be detachably connected to the general umbilical cord functional area. When the first umbilical artery connecting plug is not configured, the umbilical cord ligation simulation area can be detachably connected to the special umbilical cord functional area, thus forming umbilical cord teaching aids with different numbers of blood vessels.

[0011] This invention's teaching aid, through its detachable first umbilical artery connection plug and corresponding buckle, can be flexibly adjusted to meet different teaching needs. This allows the same teaching aid to adapt to various training scenarios, improving the equipment's versatility and utilization. The plugs configured at the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area, especially the first umbilical artery connection plug, can more accurately simulate the actual umbilical cord structure, particularly the internal vascular distribution. This helps trainees better understand the umbilical cord's anatomical features, thereby improving learning outcomes. Since the umbilical cord ligation simulation area and other key components can be replaced individually, when a part wears out due to frequent use, only the damaged part needs to be replaced, not the entire teaching aid. This significantly reduces long-term maintenance costs. Furthermore, the teaching aid offers two options: a general umbilical cord functional area and a special umbilical cord functional area, each with its unique internal vascular layout. This not only increases the diversity of simulation training but also helps medical personnel prepare for various possible situations, enhancing their adaptability.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the teaching aid includes a placenta and an umbilical cord body. A first snap-fit ​​cavity is reserved on the first connecting surface of the placenta, allowing the first connecting snap on the second connecting surface near the proximal end of the umbilical cord body to be detachably inserted into the first snap-fit ​​cavity. A second snap-fit ​​cavity reserved on the third connecting surface near the distal end of the umbilical cord body can be detachably inserted into the second connecting snap on the fourth connecting surface near the proximal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area. The teaching aid employs a snap-fit ​​connection method, enabling quick and convenient assembly and disassembly of the various parts (placenta, umbilical cord body, and umbilical cord ligation simulation area). This greatly simplifies the preparation and cleaning of the teaching aid.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, an umbilical vein connection plug and a second umbilical artery connection plug are disposed on the fifth connecting surface at the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area. The umbilical vein connection plug can be detachably inserted into the plane of the general umbilical vein stump reserved on the sixth connecting surface proximal to the general umbilical cord functional area, or detachably inserted into the plane of the special umbilical vein stump reserved on the eighth connecting surface proximal to the special umbilical cord functional area. The second umbilical artery connection plug can be detachably inserted into the plane of the second general umbilical artery stump reserved on the sixth connecting surface proximal to the general umbilical cord functional area, or detachably inserted into the plane of the special umbilical artery stump reserved on the eighth connecting surface proximal to the special umbilical cord functional area. The general umbilical cord functional area and the special umbilical cord functional area represent different internal vascular distributions. This design can simulate various normal and abnormal conditions that may occur in a newborn's umbilical cord, helping trainees become familiar with and master methods for handling different types of umbilical cords, thereby improving their ability to cope with emergencies in actual work.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, a general umbilical vein cavity is typically arranged along the length of the umbilical cord functional area. One end of the cavity coincides with the plane of the severed end of the general umbilical vein, while the other end is sealed by the closed end of the general umbilical vein. By providing an actual cavity within the umbilical cord functional area, trainees can experience the presence of the umbilical vein during practice. For example, during umbilical cord ligation or umbilical vein catheterization, they can feel a more realistic tactile sensation. This experience is invaluable for developing trainees' operational skills and tactile sensitivity.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the internal structure of the umbilical cord functional area generally includes a first cavity of the umbilical artery, a second cavity of the umbilical artery, and a cavity of the umbilical artery connected to both. The first cavity of the umbilical artery, at its end furthest from the first cavity, has a pre-reserved plane for a first umbilical artery stump on a sixth connecting surface; the second cavity of the umbilical artery, at its end furthest from the second cavity, has a pre-reserved plane for a second umbilical artery stump on the sixth connecting surface; the umbilical artery cavities are isolated from the first cavity by a first sealing plane; and the second cavity of the umbilical artery is isolated from the second sealing plane, forming a closed space between the two sealing planes. By setting multiple cavities to simulate different branches of the umbilical artery, this design can more accurately reflect the actual anatomical structure of the umbilical artery within the umbilical cord. This detailed simulation helps trainees better understand the distribution and course of the umbilical artery, improving their anatomical knowledge.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the special umbilical cord functional area is internally configured with a special umbilical vein cavity and a special umbilical artery cavity arranged along its length. One end of the special umbilical vein cavity has a special umbilical vein cut-off plane reserved on the eighth connecting surface, and one end of the special umbilical artery cavity has a special umbilical artery cut-off plane reserved on the eighth connecting surface. Because the special umbilical cord functional area can simulate a special internal structure of the umbilical cord, the teaching aid can be used to train trainees on how to handle atypical umbilical cord situations. For example, some newborns may have umbilical cord structures that differ from the norm due to congenital abnormalities or diseases; this design can help trainees prepare to deal with these special situations.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, a special umbilical artery closure plane is configured within the special umbilical artery cavity, dividing it into two parts, such that the special umbilical artery cavity forms a sealed space on the side of the special umbilical artery closure plane away from the eighth connecting surface. The teaching aid includes an air pump assembly connected to the functional area of ​​the umbilical cord stump. The air pump assembly includes an air bag and a ventilation tube connected to each other, wherein the end of the ventilation tube away from the air bag is connected to either the general umbilical artery cavity within the general umbilical cord functional area or the special umbilical artery cavity within the special umbilical cord functional area. Arterial pulsation can be simulated by simply squeezing the gas inside the air bag. By palpating the functional area of ​​the umbilical cord stump, trainees can feel and identify the umbilical artery pulsation, learn delayed umbilical cord ligation techniques and the clinical significance of umbilical artery pulsation, including how to assess fetal health through umbilical artery pulsation.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the teaching aid includes an adhesive fixing component that can be fitted to the umbilical region of a newborn model. The adhesive fixing component includes a platform-shaped base as its main structure. An annular concave surface is disposed on the umbilical fossa surface near the proximal end of the base. The concave surface can encircle a tenth connecting surface with a pre-set fourth snap-fit ​​cavity on the umbilical fossa surface. The main structure of the adhesive fixing component is a platform-type base, and its proximal plane near the functional area of ​​the umbilical cord stump forms an umbilical fossa, which is used to simulate the real umbilical fossa of a newborn, so as to simulate the teaching and training scenario of newborn umbilical care cleaning and disinfection.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the fourth snap-fit ​​cavity can be detachably connected to a fourth connecting snap-fit ​​provided on the seventh connecting surface at the distal end of a general umbilical cord functional area, or detachably connected to a fifth connecting snap-fit ​​provided on the ninth connecting surface at the distal end of a special umbilical cord functional area. The cooperation between the cavity and the snap-fit ​​allows for a simple, detachable connection between the umbilical cord end functional area and the adhesive fixing component, facilitating the cleaning and maintenance of the teaching aid. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the teaching aid model of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the teaching aid model of this utility model linked to the newborn;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the interface connecting the placenta and umbilical cord body of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the interface between the umbilical cord body and the umbilical cord ligation simulation area of ​​this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the interface connecting the umbilical cord ligation simulation area and the general umbilical cord functional area of ​​this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the interface connecting the umbilical cord ligation simulation area and the special umbilical cord functional area of ​​this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of the connection plug between the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area and the first umbilical artery of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the interface between the general umbilical cord functional area and the adhesive fixing component of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a partial schematic diagram of the interface between the special umbilical cord functional area and the adhesive fixing component of this utility model.

[0029] List of reference numerals

[0030] 100: Placenta; 110: First connecting surface; 120: First snap-fit ​​cavity; 200: Umbilical cord body; 210: Second connecting surface; 220: First connecting snap; 230: Third connecting surface; 240: Second snap-fit ​​cavity; 300: Umbilical cord ligation simulation area; 310: Fourth connecting surface; 320: Second connecting snap; 330: Fifth connecting surface; 340: Umbilical vein connecting plug; 350: First umbilical artery connecting plug; 351: Third connecting snap; 352: Third snap-fit ​​cavity; 360: Second umbilical artery connecting plug; 400: Umbilical cord stump functional area; 410: General umbilical cord functional area; 411: General umbilical vein stump plane; 411a: General umbilical vein cavity; 411b: General umbilical vein closed end; 412: Sixth connecting surface; 413: General umbilical artery first stump plane; 413a: General umbilical artery first cavity; 413 b: First closure plane of the general umbilical artery; 414: Second cut end plane of the general umbilical artery; 414a: Second cavity of the general umbilical artery; 414b: Second closure plane of the general umbilical artery; 415: Seventh connecting surface; 416: Fourth connecting buckle; 417: Cavity of the general umbilical artery; 420: Special umbilical cord functional area; 421: Eighth connecting surface; 422: Cut end plane of the special umbilical vein; 423: Cut end plane of the special umbilical artery; 424: Ninth connecting surface; 425: Fifth connecting buckle; 426: Cavity of the special umbilical vein; 427: Closure plane of the special umbilical artery; 428: Cavity of the special umbilical artery; 500: Air pump assembly; 510: Ventilation tubing; 520: Air bag; 600: Adhesion and fixation assembly; 610: Abutment; 620: Umbilical fossa surface; 630: Tenth connecting surface; 640: Fourth buckle cavity; 650: Concave surface; 700: Neonatal model. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Location definition: combined with Figure 2 In the teaching aid of this utility model, the end closer to the placenta is the proximal end, and the end closer to the newborn is the distal end.

[0033] This utility model relates to a replaceable, multifunctional obstetric teaching aid for newborn umbilical cord care, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the teaching aid includes a placenta 100, an umbilical cord body 200, an umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300, an umbilical cord stump functional area 400, and an adhesive fixing device connected in sequence. The umbilical cord stump functional area 400 is externally connected to an air pump assembly 500 to simulate umbilical artery pulsation. Figure 2As shown, the adhesive fixing device can be detachably connected to the umbilicus of the newborn model 700 using mechanical connections such as adhesives or snaps, thereby completely simulating the newborn care process. The placenta 100 is used to demonstrate the structure and function of the placenta 100, such as its thickness, shape, vascular distribution, and umbilical cord insertion point; the umbilical cord body 200 can be used to demonstrate the composition of the umbilical cord, including the distribution and function of blood vessels (umbilical vein and umbilical artery), and to simulate the anatomical structure of general and special umbilical cords; a newborn model 700 is already available in the laboratory for simulating newborns. If a maternal model (uterine cavity model) is available in the laboratory, the placenta 100, umbilical cord body 200, and newborn model 700 can be placed together into the uterine cavity to simulate their positions and relationships within the cavity, demonstrating pathological anatomical conditions such as placenta previa 100 and nuchal cord.

[0034] Preferably, both the placenta 100 and the umbilical cord body 200 are made of soft material to simulate a realistic feel. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fetal surface of the placenta 100 closest to the newborn is defined as the first connecting surface 110. A first snap-fit ​​cavity 120 is recessed inwards near the center of this first connecting surface 110. Correspondingly, a first connecting snap 220 is provided on the second connecting surface 210 protruding outwards from the umbilical cord body 200. Through the interlocking engagement between the first snap-fit ​​cavity 120 and the first connecting snap 220, the placenta 100 and the umbilical cord body 200 can be detachably connected to ensure continuity of operations during simulated labor and after the placenta 100 is delivered.

[0035] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the third connecting surface 230 at the distal end of the umbilical cord body 200 has a second snap-fit ​​cavity 240 recessed inwards. Correspondingly, the fourth connecting surface 310 at the proximal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 has a second connecting snap-fit ​​320 protruding outwards. Through the interlocking action between the second snap-fit ​​cavity 240 and the second connecting snap-fit ​​320, the umbilical cord body 200 and the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 can be detachably connected. The umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 is designed for single use, using soft and economical materials to accurately mimic the real feel and cutting experience of the umbilical cord. In actual training, this simulation area can withstand shearing, and only this part of the simulation area needs to be replaced after each practice session. This design not only ensures that the remaining structural parts of the teaching aid can be reused, but also reduces the cost of using the teaching tool during training.

[0036] Preferably, such as Figure 5As shown, on the fifth connecting surface 330 at the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300, several plugs are arranged in an outwardly protruding manner. These plugs include an umbilical vein connection plug 340, a first umbilical artery connection plug 350, and a second umbilical artery connection plug 360. Figure 7 As shown, the proximal end of the first umbilical artery connector 350 is equipped with a third connecting clip 351, which can be detachably inserted into the third clip cavity 352 reserved on the fifth connecting surface 330 of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300. This design allows the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 to be detachably connected to different types of umbilical cord stump functional areas 400 by connecting or removing the first umbilical artery connector 350.

[0037] Preferably, the umbilical cord stump functional area 400 is divided into a general umbilical cord functional area 410 and a special umbilical cord functional area 420 according to the different stump planes reserved on its proximal connection surface. The proximal stump planes of both can be made of a soft, transparent material with a certain thickness, preferably 0.5–1.5 cm, more preferably 1 cm, which can simulate the feel of a real umbilical cord stump while facilitating observation of its internal vascular distribution. Both surfaces are coated with a corrosion-resistant coating, allowing for simulated disinfection with iodine without discoloration. Specifically, Figure 5 The diagram shows a partial view of the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 and the proximal end of the general umbilical cord functional area 410. Three cut-end planes are reserved on the sixth connecting surface 412 of the proximal end of the general umbilical cord functional area 410: the general umbilical vein cut-end plane 411 corresponding to the umbilical vein connecting plug 340, the general umbilical artery first cut-end plane 413 corresponding to the first umbilical artery connecting plug 350, and the general umbilical artery second cut-end plane 414 corresponding to the second umbilical artery connecting plug 360. Figure 6 The diagram shows a partial view of the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 and the proximal end of the special umbilical cord functional area 420. Two cut-end planes are reserved on the eighth connecting surface 421 of the proximal end of the special umbilical cord functional area 420: a special umbilical vein cut-end plane 422 corresponding to the umbilical vein connecting plug 340 and a special umbilical artery cut-end plane 423 corresponding to the second umbilical artery connecting plug 360. In summary, the umbilical cord cut-end functional area 400 and the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 are detachably connected through the insertion of the connecting plugs and the corresponding cut-end planes.

[0038] Preferably, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the sixth connecting surface 412 and the eighth connecting surface 421 are used to simulate the vascular rupture plane after umbilical cord ligation. Viewed perpendicular to this rupture plane and from the distal end, the cavities of each vessel within the general umbilical cord functional area 410 or the special umbilical cord functional area 420 can be observed in detail through the ruptured plane of each umbilical artery or vein. The diameter of the umbilical vein is preferably set to 5mm, while the diameter of the umbilical artery is preferably designed to be 3mm. This size design ensures smooth insertion of the umbilical vein catheter during neonatal resuscitation. The umbilical artery cavity is made of a highly elastic and soft material, while the umbilical vein cavity is made of a slightly less elastic material. Different colored pigments are used to distinguish the umbilical artery and umbilical vein, facilitating a realistic simulation of the umbilical vein selection process during neonatal resuscitation.

[0039] Preferably, such as Figure 8 As shown, the general umbilical vein cut-off plane 411 on the sixth connecting surface 412 can extend a general umbilical vein cavity 411a distally along its length direction within the general umbilical cord functional area 410 for umbilical vein catheterization. The end of the general umbilical vein cavity 411a away from the sixth connecting surface 412 is sealed by the general umbilical vein closure end 411b. The general umbilical cord functional area 410 is also equipped with a general umbilical artery first cavity 413a, a general umbilical artery second cavity 414a, and a general umbilical artery cavity 417 connected to both and presenting a U-shape. The general umbilical artery first cavity 413a is formed by extending the general umbilical artery first cut-off plane 413 reserved on the sixth connecting surface 412 distally along the length direction of the general umbilical cord functional area 410; the general umbilical artery second cavity 414a is formed by extending the general umbilical artery second cut-off plane 414 reserved on the sixth connecting surface 412 distally along the length direction of the general umbilical cord functional area 410. The general umbilical artery cavity 417 is separated from the general umbilical artery first cavity 413a by the general umbilical artery first sealing plane 413b; the general umbilical artery cavity 417 is separated from the general umbilical artery second cavity 414a by the general umbilical artery second sealing plane 414b. The general umbilical artery first sealing plane 413b and the general umbilical artery second sealing plane 414b also serve as the two end faces of the closed U-shaped general umbilical artery cavity 417.

[0040] Preferably, such as Figure 8As shown, the U-shaped general umbilical artery cavity 417 is connected to the air pump assembly 500. Specifically, the air pump assembly 500 includes an air bladder 520 and a ventilation tube 510 connected to each other. The general umbilical artery cavity 417, the air bladder 520, and the ventilation tube 510 can form a sealed space filled with air. By compressing the air inside the air bladder 520, the local air volume within the general umbilical artery cavity 417 is changed, thereby simulating the pulsation of a newly formed umbilical artery. In particular, the U-shaped structure of the general umbilical artery cavity 417 can simulate the simultaneous pulsation of two umbilical arteries, increasing the area for palpating the pulsation and making the simulation of umbilical artery pulsation more realistic.

[0041] Preferably, such as Figure 9 As shown, the special umbilical vein end plane 422 on the eighth connecting surface 421 can extend distally along its length within the special umbilical cord functional area 420 to form a special umbilical vein cavity 426 for umbilical vein catheterization. The special umbilical artery end plane 423 on the eighth connecting surface 421 can extend distally along its length within the special umbilical cord functional area 420 to form a special umbilical artery cavity 428 parallel to the special umbilical vein cavity 426. A special umbilical artery closure plane 427 is disposed within the special umbilical artery cavity 428, dividing it into two parts, so that the special umbilical artery cavity 428 forms a closed space on the side of the special umbilical artery closure plane 427 away from the eighth connecting surface 421.

[0042] Preferably, such as Figure 9 As shown, the special umbilical artery cavity 428 can be connected to the ventilation tube 510 of the air pump assembly 500. The ventilation tube 510 passes through the special umbilical cord functional area 420 to connect to the air bag 520. The aforementioned special umbilical artery cavity 428, ventilation tube 510, and air bag 520 are air-filled closed spaces. By compressing the gas inside the air bag 520, the local air volume within the special umbilical artery cavity 428 changes, simulating the pulsation of the newborn umbilical artery. The ventilation tube 510 should be made of a soft material with low elasticity and good toughness to facilitate deformation due to air compression. The air bag 520 should be made of a material with low elasticity, good sealing, and a certain degree of pressure resistance to facilitate artificial compression of gas to simulate the pulsation of the newborn umbilical cord. By palpating the umbilical cord stump functional area 400, trainees can feel and identify the umbilical artery pulsation, learn the techniques of delayed umbilical cord ligation, and understand the clinical significance of the umbilical artery pulsation, including how to assess the timing of delayed cord clamping through the umbilical artery pulsation.

[0043] Preferably, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the teaching aid of this utility model includes an adhesive fixing component 600 for fixing to the umbilical position of a newborn model 700. This adhesive fixing component 600 is made entirely of a soft material simulating real skin tissue, covered with a corrosion-resistant coating material, and the adhesive surface to the newborn model 700 is made of a soft, adhesive material, allowing for a tight fit and preventing detachment. This adhesive fixing component 600 is suitable for newborn models 700 without an umbilical cord insertion point or those incompatible with the snap-fit ​​interface. It can be replaced promptly if the adhesive material at the bottom loses its stickiness or becomes loose. Users can also choose whether to install it as part of the teaching aid according to the needs of the simulated scenario.

[0044] Preferably, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the main structure of the adhesive fixing component 600 is a platform-type base with a certain height. Its proximal plane near the umbilical cord stump functional area 400 forms an umbilical fossa surface 620, which is used to simulate the real umbilical fossa of a newborn, facilitating teaching and training scenarios for umbilical cord care, cleaning, and disinfection. The umbilical fossa surface 620 is designed with a concave surface 650 with an annular recessed structure. This concave surface 650 defines a tenth connecting surface 630 within the umbilical fossa surface 620. A fourth snap-fit ​​cavity 640 is pre-set on this tenth connecting surface 630, allowing for detachable connection with the fourth connecting snap-fit ​​416 located on the seventh connecting surface 415 at the distal end of the general umbilical cord functional area 410, or detachable connection with the fifth connecting snap-fit ​​425 located on the ninth connecting surface 424 at the distal end of the special umbilical cord functional area 420. This design helps ensure that the teaching aid is firmly attached to the model. The base 610 provides vertical insertion space for the snap-fit ​​cavity to support component assembly required during simulation training.

[0045] Preferably, the general distribution of blood vessels inside the umbilical cord can be observed on this model. The umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 is replaceable; it can be replaced after cutting in teaching and practical training to allow for repeated practice and a realistic experience of the feeling of cutting the umbilical cord. After simulating the umbilical cord cutting process in the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300, the remaining part connecting the separable umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 and the general umbilical cord functional area 410 is separated from the general umbilical cord functional area 410, allowing observation of two severed ends. By observing that these two severed ends contain one umbilical artery and two umbilical veins, it can be identified that this is the general distribution of blood vessels inside the umbilical cord.

[0046] Preferably, the distribution of blood vessels within the umbilical cord of a single umbilical artery can be observed on this model. In this model, the first umbilical artery connector 350 is movable and can be repeatedly removed and reinserted from the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300. If, after removal, only the umbilical vein connector 340 and the second umbilical artery connector 360 remain, one artery and one vein within the single umbilical artery umbilical cord can be simulated. The general umbilical cord functional area 410 and the special umbilical cord functional area 420 are interchangeable. The combination of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 (after removing the first umbilical artery connector 350) and the special umbilical cord functional area 420 allows for the identification of the distribution of blood vessels within the umbilical cord of a single umbilical artery.

[0047] Preferably, after simulating the umbilical cord cutting process on the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 after removing the first umbilical artery connector 350, the remaining part connecting the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 and the special umbilical cord functional area 420 is disconnected from the special umbilical cord functional area 420. Two severed ends can be observed. At the severed ends of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300, two plugs can be seen, namely the umbilical vein connector 340 and the second umbilical artery connector 360. These two plugs are connected to the special umbilical vein severed end plane 422 and the special umbilical artery severed end plane 423 on the special umbilical cord functional area 420, respectively. By observing that these two severed ends contain one umbilical artery and one umbilical vein, it can be identified as a single umbilical artery, representing a special internal vascular distribution of the umbilical cord.

[0048] Preferably, this model, through the design of an umbilical cord ligation simulation area 300 and an umbilical cord stump functional area 400, truly simulates the entire process of umbilical cord ligation, including cutting the umbilical cord, disinfecting the umbilical cord stump, and other subsequent treatments. Through a replaceable design, it reduces costs and increases efficiency, and can be used for multiple demonstrations and simulations of umbilical cord ligation techniques. Users can learn the steps and techniques of umbilical cord ligation, such as how to choose the appropriate ligation location, the ligation force, and different ligation methods such as slip knots and valve cores, to adapt to complex clinical situations.

[0049] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this utility model, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this utility model and its protection scope. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The protection scope of this utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents. Throughout the text, features introduced by "preferred" are merely optional and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A replaceable, multifunctional obstetric teaching aid for newborn umbilical cord care, characterized in that, It includes an umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300) and two umbilical cord stump functional areas (400) that can be connected to the umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300) to form two umbilical cord teaching aids. The distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300) is equipped with several plug-ins, among which the first umbilical artery connection plug-in (350) is detachably connected to the umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300). The umbilical cord stump functional area (400) is divided into two categories: one is a general umbilical cord functional area (410) with a stump plane corresponding to the first umbilical artery connector (350) reserved at the proximal end; the other is a special umbilical cord functional area (420) without such a stump plane reserved. When the first umbilical artery connector (350) is connected, the umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300) can be connected to the general umbilical cord functional area (410); when the first umbilical artery connector (350) is not connected, the umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300) can be connected to the special umbilical cord functional area (420) to form umbilical cord teaching aids with different numbers of blood vessels.

2. The teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The teaching aid includes a placenta (100) and an umbilical cord body (200). A first snap-fit ​​cavity (120) is reserved on the first connecting surface (110) of the placenta (100), so that the first connecting snap (220) provided on the second connecting surface (210) at the proximal end of the umbilical cord body (200) can be detachably inserted into the first snap-fit ​​cavity (120). The second snap-fit ​​cavity (240) reserved on the third connecting surface (230) at the distal end of the umbilical cord body (200) can be detachably inserted into the second connecting snap (320) provided on the fourth connecting surface (310) at the proximal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300).

3. The teaching aid according to claim 2, characterized in that, An umbilical vein connection plug (340) and a second umbilical artery connection plug (360) are disposed on the fifth connection surface (330) at the distal end of the umbilical cord ligation simulation area (300), wherein, The umbilical vein connector (340) can be detachably inserted into the general umbilical vein cut-off plane (411) reserved on the sixth connecting surface (412) at the proximal end of the general umbilical cord functional area (410), or detachably inserted into the special umbilical vein cut-off plane (422) reserved on the eighth connecting surface (421) at the proximal end of the special umbilical cord functional area (420). The second umbilical artery connector (360) can be detachably inserted into the second cut end plane (414) of the general umbilical artery reserved on the sixth connecting surface (412) at the proximal end of the general umbilical cord functional area (410), or detachably inserted into the special umbilical artery cut end plane (423) reserved on the eighth connecting surface (421) at the proximal end of the special umbilical cord functional area (420).

4. The teaching aid according to claim 3, characterized in that, The general umbilical cord functional area (410) is provided with a general umbilical vein cavity (411a) arranged along its length. One end of the general umbilical vein cavity (411a) coincides with the plane of the general umbilical vein stump (411), and the other end is blocked by the general umbilical vein closure end (411b).

5. The teaching aid according to claim 4, characterized in that, The general umbilical cord functional area (410) is internally configured with a general umbilical artery first cavity (413a), a general umbilical artery second cavity (414a), and a general umbilical artery cavity (417) connected to both, wherein, The end of the general umbilical artery first cavity (413a) away from the general umbilical artery cavity (417) is reserved on the sixth connecting surface (412) with a general umbilical artery first cut-off plane (413), and the end of the general umbilical artery second cavity (414a) away from the general umbilical artery cavity (417) is reserved on the sixth connecting surface (412) with a general umbilical artery second cut-off plane (414). The general umbilical artery cavity (417) and the general umbilical artery first cavity (413a) are separated by the general umbilical artery first sealing plane (413b); The general umbilical artery cavity (417) and the general umbilical artery second cavity (414a) are separated by the general umbilical artery second sealing plane (414b); The general umbilical artery cavity (417) forms a closed space between two closed planes.

6. The teaching aid according to claim 5, characterized in that, The special umbilical cord functional area (420) is internally configured with a special umbilical vein cavity (426) and a special umbilical artery cavity (428) arranged along its length. One end of the special umbilical vein cavity (426) has a special umbilical vein cut-off plane (422) reserved on the eighth connecting surface (421), and one end of the special umbilical artery cavity (428) has a special umbilical artery cut-off plane (423) reserved on the eighth connecting surface (421).

7. The teaching aid according to claim 6, characterized in that, The special umbilical artery cavity (428) is provided with a special umbilical artery sealing plane (427) that divides it into two parts, so that the special umbilical artery cavity (428) forms a closed space on the side of the special umbilical artery sealing plane (427) away from the eighth connecting surface (421).

8. The teaching aid according to claim 7, characterized in that, The teaching aid includes an air pump assembly (500) connected to the functional area (400) of the umbilical cord stump, the air pump assembly (500) including an air bag (520) and a ventilation tube (510) connected to each other, wherein, The end of the ventilation tube (510) away from the air bag (520) is connected to the general umbilical artery cavity (417) in the general umbilical cord functional area (410), or to the special umbilical artery cavity (428) in the special umbilical cord functional area (420).

9. The teaching aid according to claim 8, characterized in that, The teaching aid includes an adhesive fixing component (600) that can be attached to the umbilical position of a newborn model (700). The adhesive fixing component (600) includes a platform-shaped base (610) as its main structure. An annular concave surface (650) is disposed on the umbilical fossa surface (620) at the proximal end of the base (610). The concave surface (650) can encircle a tenth connecting surface (630) with a pre-set fourth snap-fit ​​cavity (640) on the umbilical fossa surface (620).

10. The teaching aid according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fourth snap-fit ​​cavity (640) can be detachably connected to the fourth connecting snap (416) provided on the seventh connecting surface (415) at the distal end of the general umbilical cord functional area (410), or detachably connected to the fifth connecting snap (425) provided on the ninth connecting surface (424) at the distal end of the special umbilical cord functional area (420).

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