Ka-band broadband one-to-two power division circuit, Ka-band broadband one-to-two power divider, Ka-band broadband one-to-four power division circuit and Ka-band broadband one-to-four power divider

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Ka-band broadband one-to-two power division circuit, a Ka-band broadband one-to-two power divider, a Ka-band broadband one-to-four power division circuit and a Ka-band broadband one-to-four power divider, and relates to the technical field of power dividers. The one-to-two power dividing circuit comprises an input port, a first output port, a second output port, a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are symmetrically arranged, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are arranged in a snakelike mode, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are connected between the input port and the output port, and an isolation resistor is connected between the snakelike close ends of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line. And meanwhile, two output ports of the one-to-two power division circuit are respectively and additionally provided with a same one-to-two power divider, so that a broadband one-to-four power division circuit can be obtained. Compared with a common power divider, the power divider is higher in bandwidth, better in-band flatness, higher in isolation, lower in insertion loss, better in phase consistency of output ports and smaller in size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power divider technology, and in particular to a Ka-band broadband one-to-two power divider circuit, a power divider, and a one-to-four power divider circuit and a power divider. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of microwave and radio frequency technology, multi-point fed antennas and array antennas have become the trend of future communication, and high-performance power dividers are becoming increasingly important. In data transmission and electronic warfare, especially in satellite communication systems, it is necessary to achieve characteristics such as small size, high bandwidth, in-band flatness, and high isolation, which are also the design goals of power dividers.

[0003] Existing Ka-band broadband power dividers are typically implemented in two ways: A) Wilkinson power divider: This scheme uses the serpentine wiring of the Wilkinson power divider and adds isolation resistors between the two arms to increase isolation, but it has the disadvantage of narrow bandwidth; B) Chebyshev power divider: The Chebyshev power divider, which uses multi-section impedance transformation, can achieve a wider bandwidth and its size control and performance indicators are more flexible, but the presence of ripple in the operating frequency band inevitably leads to insufficient flatness within the band.

[0004] Existing Ka-band broadband power dividers suffer from drawbacks such as large size, large in-band ripple, and narrow bandwidth. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider circuit and power divider, as well as a 1-to-4 power divider circuit and power divider, to solve the problems of large size, large in-band ripple, and narrow bandwidth of existing Ka-band power dividers.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider circuit, comprising:

[0008] Input port, first output port, and second output port;

[0009] A Butterworth impedance transformer includes a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line with two symmetrically arranged serpentine traces. The first end of the first microstrip line is connected to the input port and the second end is connected to the first output port. The first end of the second microstrip line is connected to the input port and the second end is connected to the second output port.

[0010] An isolation resistor is connected between the serpentine proximal ends of the first and second microstrip lines.

[0011] This invention employs a Butterworth impedance converter, which exhibits a flattened response as close to the design frequency as possible. Furthermore, since the Butterworth response coefficients satisfy binomial coefficients, calculations are less cumbersome and the formulas are simpler and easier to understand compared to Chebyshev polynomials. The impedance converter based on this response effectively solves the problem of in-band flatness. The impedance converter circuit uses a serpentine routing scheme to reduce the power divider's size, and the multi-section impedance transformation effectively widens the bandwidth. Building upon this, and incorporating the Wilkinson power divider concept, an intermediate resistor is added to the power divider circuit to improve isolation, while ensuring a certain spacing between adjacent microstrip lines to avoid coupling. This results in a Ka-band power divider circuit that satisfies the requirements of small size, in-band flatness, and high bandwidth.

[0012] In one embodiment, the width of the first microstrip line increases in a step between the input port and the first output port, and the width of the second microstrip line (22) increases in a step between the input port and the second output port, and the magnitude of the step increase is consistent with that of the first microstrip line.

[0013] In one embodiment, the width formed by the serpentine separation ends of the first and second microstrip lines gradually increases from the first end to the second end.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line include five impedance transformation sections.

[0015] In one embodiment, there are five isolation resistors, which are correspondingly arranged between the five serpentine adjacent ends of the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first output port and the second output port are located in the same direction.

[0017] In one embodiment, the input port, the first output port, and the second output port are located on opposite sides of the substrate.

[0018] Secondly, this utility model provides a Ka-band broadband one-to-two power divider, including the Ka-band broadband one-to-two power divider circuit described in any embodiment of the first aspect of this utility model.

[0019] Thirdly, this utility model provides a Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider circuit, comprising three Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power dividers as described in any one of the first aspects of this utility model, wherein the input ports of two of the 1-to-2 power dividers are respectively connected to the two output ports of the other 1-to-2 power divider circuit.

[0020] Fourthly, this utility model provides a Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider, including the Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider circuit described in any embodiment of the third aspect of this utility model.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] By adopting a Butterworth response-based design, its operating frequency band is flatter, thus solving the unavoidable ripple of ordinary power dividers based on Chebyshev response.

[0023] By designing and optimizing the form of the power divider, and drawing inspiration from the Wilkinson power divider, an intermediate resistor is similarly added to the power divider circuit to improve isolation.

[0024] By optimizing the design and adopting multi-section impedance transformation, the bandwidth can be effectively broadened. At the same time, in order to minimize the size, a serpentine wiring scheme is adopted, while ensuring that there is a certain gap between adjacent microstrip lines to avoid coupling. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This invention illustrates a Ka-band broadband one-to-two power divider circuit structure based on Butterworth response according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This invention illustrates the VSWR of the input port of a 1-to-2 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This invention illustrates the VSWR of the output port of a 1-to-2 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This invention illustrates the insertion loss at the output port of a 1-to-2 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This invention illustrates the output port isolation of a 1-to-2 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This invention demonstrates the phase consistency of each output port of a 1-to-2 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This invention illustrates a Ka-band broadband one-to-four power divider circuit structure based on Butterworth response according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This invention illustrates the VSWR of the input port of a 1-to-4 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This invention illustrates the VSWR of the output port of a 1-to-4 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This invention illustrates the insertion loss at the output port of a 1-to-4 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11 This invention illustrates the output port isolation of a 1-to-4 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 12 This invention illustrates the phase consistency of each output port of a 1-to-4 power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] The reference numerals and their explanations are as follows:

[0039] 100 - substrate, 1 - input port, 11 - first output port, 12 - second output port, 21 - first microstrip line, 22 - second microstrip line, 3 - isolation resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to other steps or units inherent in the device.

[0042] The terminology used in the various embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the various embodiments of this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. The terms (such as those defined in a generally used dictionary) are to be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant technical field and are not to be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.

[0043] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to implement the present invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0044] This invention provides a Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider circuit and a 1-to-4 power divider circuit and power divider, which are applicable to wireless communication systems, radar systems, satellite communication systems and other fields, and are beneficial to improving operating bandwidth, reducing size and reducing transmission loss.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of a Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider circuit based on Butterworth response according to this invention. The power divider circuit is disposed on the surface of the substrate 100. The substrate provides support and wiring for the power divider circuit, but this is not an improvement of this invention and is not limited herein.

[0047] The 1-to-2 power divider circuit includes input port 1, first output port 11, and second output port 12. The two output ports split the input into two for output. Both the input and output ports can be configured using microstrip lines. Two parallel microstrip lines are set at the input port, and connected to the microstrip lines of the output port through an impedance transformer for impedance matching.

[0048] In this invention, the matching circuit between the input and output adopts an impedance transformer based on Butterworth response, including a first microstrip line 21 and a second microstrip line 22 with two symmetrically arranged serpentine traces. The first end of the first microstrip line 21 is connected to the input port 1 (specifically, one of the microstrip lines connected to the input port), and the second end is connected to the first output port 11. The first end of the second microstrip line 22 is connected to the input port 1 (the other microstrip line of the input port), and the second end is connected to the second output port 12. The first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 include multiple impedance transformation sections.

[0049] The routing design of the Butterworth impedance converter is inspired by the Wilkinson power divider, employing a serpentine routing pattern. Two serpentine microstrip lines separate and intersect to form a multi-section impedance converter, which expands the operating bandwidth through multi-section impedance transformation. An isolation resistor 3 is placed between the proximal ends of the serpentine routing formed by the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22.

[0050] The number of isolation resistors 3 can be selected, to... Figure 1 Taking the five-section impedance transformation as an example, five isolation resistors 3 can be set, corresponding to the five serpentine near ends formed by the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22. The isolation resistors increase the isolation between the two microstrip lines and maintain a certain gap between them to avoid coupling.

[0051] In one embodiment, the width of the first microstrip line 21 increases in a step between the input port and the first output port 11, and the width of the second microstrip line 22 increases in a step between the input port 1 and the second output port 12, with the magnitude and pace of the step increases being consistent. See also... Figure 1 As shown, in the five-section impedance transformation of the two microstrip lines, the width of the microstrip lines gradually increases from the input port to the output port.

[0052] Furthermore, the width formed by the serpentine separation ends of the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22 w It gradually increases from the first end to the second end.

[0053] Alternatively, a tapered band impedance transformer can be used to achieve a smoother, even ripple-free, frequency band, but this will sacrifice some of its stability within the operating frequency band. For broadband issues, dual-band or tri-band approaches can be used to implement some functions, but these methods are more computationally complex, require higher precision, and have lower fault tolerance than the optimized scheme based on the Butterworth impedance transformer proposed in this invention.

[0054] In one implementation, the first output port 11 and the second output port 12 of the 1-to-2 power divider circuit are symmetrically arranged with respect to the input port 1 to achieve equal output.

[0055] Input port 1, first output port 11 and second output port 12 are disposed in the same direction or the output port is perpendicular to the input port. For example, first output port 11 and second output port 12 are located on the same side of the substrate, and input port 1, first output port 11 and second output port 12 are located on opposite sides of the substrate; or first output port 11 and second output port 12 are located on opposite sides of the substrate, and first output port 11 and second output port 12 are respectively located on two adjacent sides of input port 1.

[0056] In this invention, a five-stage impedance transformation method is preferably used to broaden its bandwidth to meet the broadband requirements.

[0057] right Figure 1 The 1-to-2 power divider circuit shown was simulated and tested, as follows: Figure 2 The figure shows the VSWR at the input port of the 1-to-2 power divider. Figure 3 It is the VSWR of the output port of the 1-to-2 power divider. Figure 4 It is the insertion loss at the output port of the 1-to-2 power divider. Figure 5 It refers to the isolation of the output ports of a 1-to-2 power divider. Figure 6 It ensures phase consistency across all output ports of the 1-to-2 power divider.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Based on Embodiment 1, this utility model also provides a Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider, including the Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider circuit in Embodiment 1. It may also include peripheral devices such as a substrate and a housing.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] like Figure 7 The diagram shows a schematic of the Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider circuit based on Butterworth response of this invention. The 1-to-4 power divider circuit is based on the design of Embodiment 1 and is composed of three 1-to-2 power divider circuits from Embodiment 1. The input port of one of the 1-to-2 power divider circuits serves as the input port of the 1-to-4 power divider circuit. The input ports of the other two 1-to-2 power divider circuits are respectively connected to the two output ports of the 1-to-2 power divider circuit. Thus, the output ports of the other two 1-to-2 power divider circuits constitute four output ports, forming the 1-to-4 power divider circuit.

[0062] In the aforementioned 1-to-4 power divider circuit, the parameters of the three 1-to-2 power divider circuits can be set to be the same, different, or not completely identical. For example, the parameters of the two output 1-to-2 power divider circuits can be the same, but different from the parameters of the input 1-to-2 power divider circuits. The configurable parameters include the number of sections in the Butterworth impedance converter, the width of the microstrip line, the length of the microstrip line, the number of isolation resistors, and the width formed by the serpentine disconnected ends of the first microstrip line 21 and the second microstrip line 22. w And so on, as well as the resistance value of the isolation resistor.

[0063] right Figure 7 The 1-to-4 power divider circuit shown was simulated and tested. Figure 1 Add an identical 1-to-2 power divider to each of the two output ports of the 1-to-2 power divider circuit. The 1-to-2 power divider adopts a five-section design, at which point the bandwidth reaches 66.7%, the operating frequency band is 20GHz~40GHz, and the center frequency is 30GHz. Figure 8 It is the VSWR at the input port of the 1-to-4 power divider. Figure 9 It is the VSWR of the output port of the 1-to-4 power divider. Figure 10 It is the insertion loss at the output port of the 1-to-4 power divider. Figure 11 It refers to the isolation of the output ports of a 1-to-4 power divider. Figure 12 It ensures phase consistency across all output ports of the 1-to-4 power divider.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] Based on Embodiment 3, this utility model also provides a Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider, including the Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider circuit in Embodiment 3. It may also include peripheral devices such as a substrate and a housing.

[0066] This invention relates to a Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider based on Butterworth response, which can better realize the feeding system of multi-point fed antennas, helping the antenna to achieve better circular polarization performance. It can also be used as a component of the array antenna feeding network. Compared with ordinary power dividers, it has higher bandwidth, better in-band flatness, higher isolation, lower insertion loss, better phase consistency of each output port, and smaller size.

[0067] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider circuit, characterized in that, include: Input port (1), first output port (11), and second output port (12); The Butterworth impedance transformer includes a first microstrip line (21) and a second microstrip line (22) with two symmetrically arranged serpentine traces. The first end of the first microstrip line (21) is connected to the input port (1) and the second end is connected to the first output port (11). The first end of the second microstrip line (22) is connected to the input port (1) and the second end is connected to the second output port (12). The first microstrip line (21) and the second microstrip line (22) include multiple impedance transformation sections. An isolation resistor (3) is connected between the serpentine proximal ends of the first microstrip line (21) and the second microstrip line (22).

2. The Ka-band broadband power divider circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the first microstrip line (21) increases in a step between the input port (1) and the first output port (11), and the width of the second microstrip line (22) increases in a step between the input port (1) and the second output port (12), and the magnitude of the step increase is consistent with that of the first microstrip line (21).

3. The Ka-band broadband power divider circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width formed by the serpentine separation ends of the first microstrip line (21) and the second microstrip line (22) gradually increases from the first end to the second end.

4. The Ka-band broadband power divider circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first microstrip line (21) and the second microstrip line (22) include five impedance transformation sections.

5. The Ka-band broadband power divider circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are five isolation resistors (3), which are respectively set between the five serpentine near ends of the first microstrip line (21) and the second microstrip line (22).

6. The Ka-band broadband power divider circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first output port (11) and the second output port (12) are symmetrical with respect to the input port (1).

7. The Ka-band broadband power divider circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input port (1), the first output port (11), and the second output port (12) are located in the same direction.

8. A Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider, characterized in that, Includes the Ka-band broadband one-to-two power divider circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider circuit, characterized in that, It includes three Ka-band broadband 1-to-2 power divider circuits as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the input ports of two of the 1-to-2 power divider circuits are respectively connected to the two output ports of the other 1-to-2 power divider circuit.

10. A Ka-band broadband 1-to-4 power divider, characterized in that, Includes the Ka-band broadband one-to-four power divider circuit as described in claim 9.

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