Tunnel reduced scale model waterproof system impervious performance detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an impervious performance detection device, in particular to an impervious performance detection device for a tunnel scale model waterproof system, which comprises an observation layer, a rubber sealing layer, a simulated surrounding rock layer, a simulated secondary lining layer, a simulated primary support layer and a simulated inverted arch layer, the simulated surrounding rock layer is wrapped in the rubber sealing layer, the simulated secondary lining layer and the simulated inverted arch layer are wrapped in the simulated surrounding rock layer, and the simulated secondary lining layer is located above the simulated inverted arch layer; a water stop strip is arranged on the inner side of a connecting seam of the simulated secondary lining layer and the simulated inverted arch layer, and a high-ductility cement-based composite material layer is attached to the surface of the connecting seam; the observation layer is connected to the outer side of the rubber sealing layer in a sleeving mode, and the simulation primary support layer is attached to the simulation surrounding rock layer. The device can realistically simulate the multi-layer structure, underground water pressure and complex surrounding rock environment of the tunnel, can reproduce the actual impervious condition of the tunnel in a laboratory, makes up for the defect that the traditional impervious test block cannot comprehensively reflect the actual environment, and provides a test result closer to the actual working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a device for testing impermeability, specifically a device for testing the impermeability of a tunnel scale model waterproofing system. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, the performance of the waterproofing system directly affects the long-term durability and safety of the tunnel structure. Especially during the construction of underground or underwater tunnels, the surrounding groundwater pressure is high and geological conditions are complex, requiring the tunnel waterproofing system to possess excellent impermeability. Currently, the impermeability performance of tunnel waterproofing systems is typically assessed by fabricating cast-in-place impermeability test blocks under identical conditions. Specifically, the construction unit will cast impermeability test blocks identical to those used in the actual project, based on the material proportions and working conditions of the tunnel waterproofing system, and then conduct impermeability performance tests on these blocks in a laboratory.

[0003] However, this method has significant limitations. First, while impermeability test blocks can reflect the basic impermeability of materials, they cannot fully simulate the complex environmental conditions in actual tunnels, such as the pressure of the surrounding rock, the path of groundwater seepage, and the combined effect of multiple waterproofing structures. These experimental conditions differ significantly from the complex factors encountered in tunnel engineering, such as water pressure, temperature, humidity, and geological environment, thus limiting the accuracy and engineering applicability of the test results. Simultaneously, the impermeability test is time-consuming and costly, failing to provide a rapid performance evaluation of the waterproofing system under specific engineering conditions. This means that when problems are discovered during tunnel construction, it is often too late to adjust the design or construction process in a timely manner, increasing construction risks and costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for testing the seepage resistance of a waterproof system in a scaled-down tunnel model, which solves the problems of low testing efficiency and accuracy of existing testing devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A device for testing the seepage resistance of a tunnel scale model waterproofing system includes an observation layer, a rubber sealing layer, a simulated surrounding rock layer, a simulated secondary lining layer, a simulated initial support layer, and a simulated invert arch layer. The rubber sealing layer encloses the simulated surrounding rock layer, which in turn encloses the simulated secondary lining layer and the simulated invert arch layer. The simulated secondary lining layer is located above the simulated invert arch layer. A water-stop strip is provided on the inner side of the joint between the simulated secondary lining layer and the simulated invert arch layer, and a high-ductility cement-based composite material layer is attached to the surface of the joint. The observation layer is fitted onto the outside of the rubber sealing layer, and the simulated initial support layer is attached to the simulated surrounding rock layer.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a booster pump. The observation layer is provided with a first water inlet, and the booster pump is provided with a second water outlet. The first water inlet is connected to the second water outlet through an inlet pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a water collection tank, which is located at the bottom of the observation layer; the water collection tank is provided with a first water outlet, and the booster pump is provided with a second water inlet, and the first water outlet is connected to the second water inlet through a water outlet pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the booster pump is equipped with a water pressure adjustment button and an electronic display screen. The water pressure adjustment button is used to adjust the water pressure of the booster pump, and the electronic display screen is used to display the water pressure.

[0010] Furthermore, the observation layer is made of acrylic, which facilitates the observation of water flow.

[0011] Furthermore, it includes a drainage board, on which geotextile is bonded, and the drainage board is located between the simulated initial support layer and the simulated invert arch layer.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) Accurate simulation of actual working conditions: This device can realistically simulate the multi-layer structure of the tunnel, groundwater pressure and complex surrounding rock environment, and can reproduce the actual seepage resistance conditions of the tunnel in the laboratory. It makes up for the shortcomings of traditional seepage resistance test blocks that cannot fully reflect the actual environment and provides test results that are closer to the real working conditions.

[0014] (2) Rapid evaluation of waterproof system performance: Compared with the long testing cycle and complicated process of traditional anti-seepage test blocks, this device can quickly complete the evaluation of the anti-seepage performance of the waterproof system by adjusting the water pressure and testing conditions, which greatly improves the testing efficiency, reduces time costs, and ensures that problems in construction can be discovered in time and the design or construction process can be adjusted.

[0015] (3) Comprehensive testing of the combined effect of the waterproofing system: This device can not only test the impermeability of each structural layer individually, but also simulate the combined effect of the secondary lining layer, the invert arch layer and other structures, especially the waterproofing effect in easily leaking areas such as construction joints and seams, so as to more comprehensively evaluate the performance of the entire tunnel waterproofing system.

[0016] (4) Real-time data monitoring and adjustment: The device is equipped with an electronic display screen and a water pressure adjustment button, which can display important parameters such as water pressure and flow rate in real time during the experiment, and flexibly adjust the water pressure and test conditions according to actual needs to ensure the accuracy and reliability of experimental data and provide a scientific basis for design optimization.

[0017] (5) Easy to operate and reasonable structure: The device is compact in design and easy to operate. The experimental conditions can be flexibly adjusted. Compared with traditional testing equipment, it is easier to operate, which helps to shorten the operation cycle and improve the work efficiency of the experimenters. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for testing the seepage resistance of a waterproof system in a scaled-down tunnel model.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the waterstop strip and the connecting seam.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first water inlet.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a booster pump.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a water collection tank. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a tunnel scale model waterproofing system seepage resistance testing device includes an observation layer 1, a rubber sealing layer 2, a simulated surrounding rock layer 3, a simulated secondary lining layer 4, a simulated initial support layer 5, and a simulated invert layer 6. The rubber sealing layer 2 encloses the simulated surrounding rock layer 3, which in turn encloses the simulated secondary lining layer 4 and the simulated invert layer 6. The simulated secondary lining layer 4 is located above the simulated invert layer 6. A water-stop strip 7 is provided on the inner side of the connection joint 8 between the simulated secondary lining layer 4 and the simulated invert layer 6, and a high-ductility cement-based composite material layer is attached to the surface of the connection joint 8. The observation layer 1 is fitted onto the outside of the rubber sealing layer 2, and the simulated initial support layer 5 is attached to the simulated surrounding rock layer 3. The simulated initial support layer 5 simulates the structural layer of the initial tunnel support, mainly used to withstand the pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock and provide preliminary waterproofing protection. The simulated surrounding rock layer 3 is used to simulate the surrounding rock pressure around the tunnel, providing realistic external geological conditions and improving the accuracy and reliability of the test. The waterstop strip 7 expands in volume when it comes into contact with water, which can seal the connection joint 8 between the simulated secondary lining layer 4 and the simulated inverted arch layer 6, preventing water from seeping through the connection joint 8.

[0024] The observation layer 1 is equipped with a first water inlet 11, and the booster pump 12 is equipped with a second water outlet 13. The first water inlet 11 is connected to the second water outlet 13 through an inlet pipe 14. The water collection tank 15 is located at the bottom of the observation layer 1; the water collection tank 15 is equipped with a first water outlet 16, and the booster pump 12 is equipped with a second water inlet 17. The first water outlet 16 is connected to the second water inlet 17 through an outlet pipe 18. The booster pump 12 delivers water through the first water inlet 11 to the rubber sealing layer 2. The rubber sealing layer 2 is equipped with multiple water inlets. Water enters the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 through the water inlets. After the water comes into contact with the waterstop strip 7, the waterstop strip 7 expands rapidly, sealing the connection joint 8 between the simulated secondary lining layer 4 and the simulated invert arch layer 6. If water still seeps out from the connection joint 8, the water flow is observed when the water reaches the high-ductility cement-based composite material layer to evaluate the water seepage performance of the device.

[0025] The booster pump 12 is equipped with a water pressure adjustment button 21 and an electronic display screen 22. The water pressure adjustment button 21 is used to adjust the water pressure of the booster pump 12, and the electronic display screen 22 is used to display the water pressure. By adjusting the water pressure of the booster pump 12, different groundwater pressure conditions are simulated to test the performance of the tunnel waterproofing system under different water pressure environments. The observation layer 1 is made of acrylic to facilitate observation of the water flow path and the actual working state of the waterproofing system during the experiment. Geotextile is bonded to the drainage board 23. The drainage board 23 is located between the simulated initial support layer 5 and the simulated invert arch layer 6, and plays a dual role of drainage and protection, ensuring that water in the tunnel does not enter the tunnel through the waterproofing system, thus testing its drainage efficiency.

[0026] The experimental steps are as follows:

[0027] 1. Equipment preparation

[0028] 1.1 Install all components of the device in place, including simulated surrounding rock layer 3, simulated secondary lining layer 4, simulated primary support layer 5, simulated invert arch layer 6, waterstop strip 7, rubber sealing layer 2, etc., to ensure the sealing and tight connection of each structural layer, so as to serve as a tunnel scale model of the tunnel waterproofing system.

[0029] 1.2 Install a transparent acrylic plate on the side of the device to ensure visual observation during the experiment. The water collection tank 15 is installed at the bottom of the device to collect permeate water.

[0030] 1.3 Install the booster pump 12, and connect the second inlet 17 of the booster pump 12 to the first outlet 16 of the water collection tank 15, and connect the second outlet 13 to the first inlet 11 to ensure water pressure regulation and water circulation during the experiment. At the same time, record the initial water volume in the water collection tank 15 as the initial reference data for the model seepage volume.

[0031] 2. Model Environment Setup

[0032] 2.1 Adjust the water pressure adjustment button 21 to set the initial water pressure and simulate the groundwater pressure in the tunnel. Set different water pressures as needed and test the device's performance under different pressure environments.

[0033] 2.2 According to the experimental requirements, select the tunnel working conditions to be tested (such as groundwater pressure, geological conditions, etc.) to ensure the structural stability of the simulated surrounding rock layer 3 and the simulated initial support layer 5, and adjust the drainage function of the geotextile and drainage board 23 as needed.

[0034] 3. Experiment begins

[0035] 3.1 Water was injected into the first inlet pipe 14, and pressurized by the booster pump 12 to simulate the actual situation of groundwater infiltration in the tunnel. During the experiment, a stable water flow was maintained, and the anti-seepage performance of the device under different water pressures was observed.

[0036] 3.2 After the water pressure reaches the predetermined value, observe the flow path of water inside the device through a transparent acrylic plate, especially the seepage situation of the connecting seam 8 and the simulated inverted arch layer 6, and check the waterproof effect of the waterstop strip 7 and the high ductility cement-based composite material layer.

[0037] 3.3 Monitor parameters such as water pressure and water flow rate on the electronic display screen 22 in real time to ensure the accuracy of experimental data, and adjust the water pressure as needed for the experiment.

[0038] 4. Data Recording

[0039] 4.1 Collect the amount of seepage in the water collection tank 15 and record the amount of seepage under different water pressures as a basis for evaluating the waterproofing system's impermeability.

[0040] 4.2 Record the impermeability performance of each layer of structure (such as simulated secondary lining layer 4, simulated initial support layer 5, simulated invert arch layer 6, etc.), and pay special attention to the leakage at construction joints, joints and high ductility cement-based composite material layers.

[0041] 5. Experimental Analysis

[0042] 5.1 Based on the collected data on seepage volume, water pressure, flow rate, etc., analyze the seepage resistance of the tunnel waterproofing system under different water pressure environments and evaluate the waterproofing performance of the entire system.

[0043] 5.2 Compare the experimental results with the design requirements, identify possible leakage points, and evaluate the seepage prevention effect of the waterstop strip 7 and the simulated inverted arch layer 6.

[0044] 6. End of Experiment and Cleaning of Apparatus

[0045] 6.1 After the experiment, stop the booster pump 12, drain the water from the water collection tank 15, and clean up any water residue and experimental materials that may have remained during the experiment.

[0046] 6.2 Check the condition of each part of the apparatus to ensure the integrity of the equipment so that it can be used again in the next experiment.

[0047] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for testing the impermeability of a waterproof system in a scaled-down tunnel model, characterized in that, It includes an observation layer, a rubber sealing layer, a simulated surrounding rock layer, a simulated secondary lining layer, a simulated primary support layer, and a simulated invert arch layer; the rubber sealing layer encloses the simulated surrounding rock layer, and the simulated secondary lining layer and the simulated invert arch layer are enclosed within the simulated surrounding rock layer, with the simulated secondary lining layer located above the simulated invert arch layer; a water-stop strip is provided on the inner side of the connection joint between the simulated secondary lining layer and the simulated invert arch layer, and a high-ductility cement-based composite material layer is attached to the surface of the connection joint; the observation layer is sleeved on the outside of the rubber sealing layer, and the simulated primary support layer is attached to the simulated surrounding rock layer.

2. The seepage resistance testing device for a tunnel scale model waterproofing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a booster pump. The observation layer is provided with a first water inlet and the booster pump is provided with a second water outlet. The first water inlet is connected to the second water outlet through an inlet pipe.

3. The seepage resistance testing device for a tunnel scale model waterproofing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a water collection tank, which is located at the bottom of the observation layer; the water collection tank is provided with a first water outlet and the booster pump is provided with a second water inlet, and the first water outlet is connected to the second water inlet through a water outlet pipe.

4. The seepage resistance testing device for a tunnel scale model waterproofing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The booster pump is equipped with a water pressure adjustment button and an electronic display screen. The water pressure adjustment button is used to adjust the water pressure of the booster pump, and the electronic display screen is used to display the water pressure.

5. The seepage resistance testing device for a tunnel scale model waterproofing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The observation layer is made of acrylic, which facilitates the observation of water flow.

6. The seepage resistance testing device for a tunnel scale model waterproofing system according to claim 1, comprising a drainage board, wherein geotextile is bonded to the drainage board, and the drainage board is located between the simulated initial support layer and the simulated invert arch layer.

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