Numerical control lathe

Abstract

The utility model discloses a numerical control lathe, belongs to the technology of machining equipment, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional numerical control lathe cannot machine the special-shaped inner hole surface of a sleeve part with a larger length-diameter ratio, a clamp and a tool rest are respectively arranged on two axial sides of a power head, one end of a tool bar is directly or indirectly fixed on the tool rest, and the other end of the tool bar is directly or indirectly fixed on the tool rest. During cutting, the other end of the cutter bar penetrates through the sleeve part clamped on the power head by means of axial movement of the cutter frame and is fixed on the clamp, and the power head drives the sleeve part to rotate and performs axial feeding and radial feeding under numerical control so as to perform turning on an inner hole of the sleeve part. As the two ends of the cutter bar are fixed, the capability of resisting radial deformation is increased when the blade part bears radial force, and the guide bar is not easy to deform. The numerical control lathe is particularly suitable for machining sleeve type parts with small inner hole diameter, long axial length and special-shaped multi-curve outline on the surface of the inner hole, and the machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining equipment, and particularly relates to a numerical control lathe for machining a special-shaped inner hole of a sleeve part with a large length-diameter ratio. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing numerical control lathe has great difficulty in turning the inner hole surface of a sleeve part with a large length-diameter ratio, especially the inner hole surface of a special-shaped inner hole with a small inner hole diameter, a long axial length and a non-cylindrical inner surface, because the tool bar is too thin and too long and almost cannot be machined.

[0003] With the diversification of industrial manufacturing, the demand for sleeve parts with a large length-diameter ratio is increasing. If the inner hole is a straight hole, there are many processing methods and means in the prior art, but if the inner hole is a multi-step inner hole, a multi-taper inner hole or a special-shaped multi-curve inner hole, the existing means are helpless. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved and the technical task proposed by the utility model are to overcome the difficulty that the existing numerical control lathe cannot machine the special-shaped inner hole surface of a sleeve part with a large length-diameter ratio, and to provide a numerical control lathe for machining a sleeve part with a small inner hole diameter, a long axial length and a special-shaped multi-curve inner hole surface.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the numerical control lathe comprises:

[0006] a power head for clamping the sleeve part;

[0007] a tool holder located on one side of the power head in the axial direction and axially movable;

[0008] a clamp located on the other side of the power head and separated from the tool holder on both sides of the power head in the axial direction;

[0009] a tool bar in the shape of a rod, on which a blade is arranged, and one end of the tool bar is directly or indirectly fixed to the tool holder;

[0010] During cutting, the other end of the tool bar passes through the sleeve part clamped on the power head and is fixed to the clamp through the axial movement of the tool holder, the power head rotates with the sleeve part and feeds axially and radially under numerical control to turn the inner hole of the sleeve part.

[0011] During cutting, both ends of the tool bar are fixed, the ability to resist radial deformation of the part for the blade to bear radial force is increased, and the guide rod is not easy to deform. The numerical control lathe is especially suitable for machining a sleeve part with a small inner hole diameter, a long axial length and a special-shaped multi-curve inner hole surface, and ensures the machining precision.

[0012] Preferably, the numerical control lathe comprises a bed, a first drag plate system, a second drag plate system and a third drag plate system.

[0013] The first carriage system is configured to move forward and backward, the second carriage system is configured to move left and right, and the first carriage system and the second carriage system are stacked in layers and arranged on the upper side of the middle of the lathe bed;

[0014] The third carriage system is arranged on one end of the lathe bed and on the axial side of the first carriage system and the second carriage system and moves left and right;

[0015] The power head is directly or indirectly arranged on the first carriage system or the second carriage system as the upper layer of the carriage system, the axial hole of the power head is a through hole for placing and directly or indirectly clamping a sleeve type part, and the inner hole of the sleeve type part is also a through hole;

[0016] The tool holder is directly or indirectly arranged on the third carriage system;

[0017] The fixture is arranged on the other end of the lathe bed.

[0018] Preferably, the cutting blade is arranged in the middle of the tool bar, and the feed direction of the cutting blade is consistent with the moving direction of the first carriage system.

[0019] Preferably, the number of cutting blades is:

[0020] one; or

[0021] two, arranged symmetrically in the center of the tool bar; or

[0022] a plurality, arranged at intervals on the tool bar.

[0023] Preferably, the axial feed and radial feed of the power head are realized by the movement of the first carriage system and the second carriage system under the joint action of numerical control.

[0024] Preferably, the first carriage system includes a first guide rail below the first carriage and a first power system for driving the movement of the first carriage; the second carriage system includes a second guide rail below the second carriage and a second power system for driving the movement of the second carriage; and the third carriage system includes a third guide rail below the third carriage and a third power system for driving the movement of the third carriage.

[0025] Preferably, the first carriage system is configured to move forward and backward relative to the lathe bed, the second carriage system is arranged on the first carriage system and can move left and right relative to the first carriage system, and the power head is directly or indirectly arranged on the second carriage system as the upper layer of the carriage system; or,

[0026] The second carriage system is configured to move left and right relative to the lathe bed, the first carriage system is arranged on the second carriage system and can move forward and backward relative to the second carriage system, and the power head is directly or indirectly arranged on the first carriage system as the upper layer of the carriage system.

[0027] Preferably, the upper layer pallet system comprises an upper layer and a lower layer which are tightly stacked together, the upper layer can be slightly rotated relative to the lower layer around the middle rotating shaft and can be locked, and the power head is directly or indirectly arranged on the upper layer.

[0028] Preferably, the power head is provided with a chuck on both sides to clamp the sleeve type part.

[0029] Preferably, the clamp has a concave taper hole, the other end of the tool bar has a boss-shaped overhanging section, and the concave taper hole and the overhanging section have consistent taper for clamping and fixing the overhanging section.

[0030] Preferably, the front and back movement of the first drag plate system is front and back movement in a horizontal plane or front and back movement in an inclined plane, and the inclined plane and the horizontal plane form an included angle.

[0031] The tool holder is fixed on the bed, which increases the rigidity of the cutting system, and the both ends of the tool bar are fixed, which further increases the rigidity of the slender tool bar, so as to cut the surface of the slender hole.

[0032] The clamp and the tool holder are arranged on both sides of the axial direction of the power head, one end of the tool bar is directly or indirectly fixed to the tool holder, the other end of the tool bar passes through the sleeve type part clamped to the power head and is fixed to the clamp during cutting, the power head rotates with the sleeve type part and axially feeds and radially feeds under numerical control to implement turning of the inner hole of the sleeve type part. Since the both ends of the tool bar are fixed, the ability to resist radial deformation of the part used for the blade part when subjected to radial force is increased, and the guide rod is not easy to deform. The numerical control lathe is especially suitable for machining the inner hole of the sleeve type part which has a small inner hole diameter, a long axial length and a special multi-curved profile surface, and ensures machining precision.

[0033] One end of the tool bar is directly or indirectly fixed to the tool holder, so that the tool bar can be removed from the inner hole of the sleeve type part during loading and unloading. The rotational movement of the workpiece, the radial movement of the workpiece and the axial movement can be numerically controlled to realize turning of the complex special-shaped inner hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is an axial side view of the numerical control lathe of the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 It is an axial side view of the numerical control lathe of the embodiment 2 of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is a front view from right to left;

[0037] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 It is a front view from front to back;

[0038] Figure 5 is the schematic view of the shaft section of the sleeve type part;

[0039] Figure 6 is the schematic view of the sleeve type part; Figure 1 , Figure 2 is the front projection view of the first drag plate system, the second drag plate system, the power head, the tool holder, the clamp, the tool bar and the like in from right to left in

[0040] Figure 7 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 6 ;

[0041] Figure 8 is the front projection view of the power head, the tool bar and the like in from front to back in Figure 1 , Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 9 is the B-B sectional view of Figure 8 ;

[0043] Figure 10 is the schematic view of the upper layer drag plate system of the utility model;

[0044] Figure 11 is the schematic view of a tool bar of the utility model;

[0045] Figure 12 is the schematic view of another tool bar of the utility model;

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawing:

[0047] 1 bed body, 2 first drag plate system, 21 first guide rail, 22 first power system, 23 upper layer, 24 lower layer, 3 second drag plate system, 31 second guide rail, 32 second power system, 4 power head, 41 shaft center cavity, 5 sleeve type part, 51 part inner hole, 6 third drag plate system, 61 third guide rail, 62 third power system, 7 tool holder, 8 tool bar, 81 first end, 82 overhanging section, 9 clamp, 10 blade, 11 intermediate shaft; a included angle between inclined surface and horizontal surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawing in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without making creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0049] The terms "comprise" and "have" and any variations thereof in the description and the claims of the present application are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a method or product that includes a list of technical features without being limited to only those clearly listed, and can also include other technical features not clearly listed that can be included in the method or product.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Among them, "up" and "down", "left" and "right", "front" and "back" are opposite directions.

[0051] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the technical features defined by the terms "first", "second" and the like have a sequential concept, and only for the purpose of clearly describing the defined technical features, so that the defined technical features can be clearly distinguished from other technical features, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0052] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] As shown in Figure 1 , Figures 6-7 , Figures 8-9 The numerical control lathe comprises a power head 4, a tool holder 7, a clamp 9 and a tool bar 8.

[0055] The power head 4 is used to clamp sleeve parts 5.

[0056] The tool holder 7 is located on one side of the axial direction of the power head 4 and can move axially.

[0057] The clamp 9 is located on the other side of the power head 4 and is separated from the tool holder 7 on both sides of the axial direction of the power head 4.

[0058] The tool bar 8 is rod-shaped, a blade is arranged thereon, and one end of the tool bar is directly or indirectly fixed to the tool holder 7.

[0059] In order to maximize the strength and rigidity of the tool bar, the first end 81 of the tool bar fixed with the tool holder is as thick as possible, and the other end is as large as possible in diameter under the consideration of the convenience of passing through the hole diameter of the sleeve part blank and chip removal, and is as short as possible under the condition of meeting the axial length of the sleeve part machining. Moreover, the tool bar 8 can be a straight-diameter integral light shaft, an integral shaft-shaped bar composed of different diameter sections, or a stepped combination shaft tool bar assembled in parts of different materials and states.

[0060] During cutting, the other end of the tool bar passes through the sleeve part 5 clamped in the power head 4 and is fixed to the clamp 9. The power head 4 rotates with the sleeve part 5 and axially feeds and radially feeds under numerical control to implement turning of the inner hole of the sleeve part 5.

[0061] Among them, the blade 10 is arranged in the middle of the tool bar 8, and the feed direction of the blade 10 is consistent with the moving direction of the first drag plate system 2. The number of blades is one, or two, symmetrically arranged on the tool bar 8, or multiple, arranged at intervals on the tool bar. According to the process needs, a blade can be installed on the tool bar, or it can be installed on the other place symmetrical to 180° thereof, facilitating the installation of different blades or even more blades in the same rotation direction. The feed direction of the blade must be consistent with the direction of the front and back movement of the first drag plate system. The arrangement direction of the blade facilitates the cutting of the sleeve part in the same rotation direction without interference, and facilitates the radial feeding of the inner hole of the sleeve part under the action of the front and back movement of the first drag plate system.

[0062] Specifically, the numerical control lathe includes a lathe bed 1, a first drag plate system 2, a second drag plate system 3, and a third drag plate system 6. The axial feeding and radial feeding of the power head 4 are realized by the movement of the first drag plate system 2 and the second drag plate system 3 under the combined action of numerical control.

[0063] The first drag plate system 2 is arranged to move forward and backward, and the second drag plate system 3 is arranged to move left and right. The first drag plate system 2 and the second drag plate system 3 are stacked and arranged on the upper side of the middle of the lathe bed 1.

[0064] The third drag plate system 6 is arranged to move left and right at one end of the lathe bed 1 and on the axial side of the first drag plate system 2 and the second drag plate system 3.

[0065] The power head 4 is directly or indirectly arranged in the first drag plate system 2 or the second drag plate system 3 as the upper drag plate system. The axial hole of the power head 4 is a through hole for placing and directly or indirectly clamping the sleeve part 5. The inner hole of the sleeve part 5 is also a through hole.

[0066] The tool holder 7 is directly or indirectly arranged in the third drag plate system 6.

[0067] The clamp 9 is arranged at the other end of the lathe bed 1.

[0068] In the illustrated structure, the first carriage system 2 comprises a first guide rail 21 under the first carriage and a first power system 22 for driving the first carriage to move; the second carriage system 3 comprises a second guide rail 31 under the second carriage and a second power system 32 for driving the second carriage to move; the third carriage system 6 comprises a third guide rail 61 under the third carriage and a third power system 62 for driving the third carriage to move.

[0069] In addition, the second carriage system 3 is configured to move left and right relative to the lathe bed 1, the first carriage system 2 is arranged on the second carriage system 3 and can move forward and backward relative to the second carriage system 3, and the power head 4 is directly or indirectly arranged on the first carriage system 2 as the upper layer carriage system. In other embodiments, the first carriage system 2 and the second carriage system 3 can be configured in the following manner: the first carriage system 2 is configured to move forward and backward relative to the lathe bed 1, the second carriage system 3 is arranged on the first carriage system 2 and can move left and right relative to the first carriage system 2, and the power head 4 is directly or indirectly arranged on the second carriage system 3 as the upper layer carriage system.

[0070] In addition, in this embodiment, the forward and backward movement of the first carriage system 2 is different in the inclined plane, and the inclined plane maintains an angle a with the horizontal plane.

[0071] Whether the second carriage system 3 is the upper layer carriage system or the first carriage system 2 is the upper layer carriage system, the upper layer carriage system comprises an upper layer 23 and a lower layer 24 which are tightly stacked together, the upper layer 23 can rotate a small angle relative to the lower layer 24 around the middle rotating shaft 11 and can be locked, and the power head 4 is directly or indirectly arranged on the upper layer 23.

[0072] The two sides of the power head 4 are provided with chuck heads of the clamping sleeve type part 5. In addition, the clamp 9 has a concave taper hole, the other end of the tool bar 8 has a boss-shaped overhanging section 82, and the concave taper hole and the overhanging section 82 have the same taper for clamping and fixing the overhanging section 82 in the concave taper hole.

[0073] Embodiment 2

[0074] In this embodiment, the forward and backward movement of the first carriage system 2 is forward and backward movement in the horizontal plane. The remaining structure is the same as that of embodiment 1 and will not be described here.

[0075] The numerical control lathe of the above-mentioned embodiments can process the sleeve type part according to the following steps:

[0076] The second carriage with the power head moves to the left end of the machine tool, the sleeve type part 5 is installed in the power head shaft hole 41 and clamped, and waits for processing.

[0077] The third drag plate moves the knife holder 7 and the knife bar 8 to the left side of the machine tool, the knife bar 8 passes through the inner hole 51 of the sleeve type part, and the first end 81 of the knife bar is installed on the tool holder 7 and is pre-fastened. After adjusting the corresponding engagement position of the overhanging section 82 and the clamp, the first end 81 is fastened to the tool holder 7. Then the third drag plate drives the tool holder 7 and the knife bar 8 to move to the right side of the machine tool.

[0078] When starting processing, the power head rotates with the workpiece, the third drag plate drives the tool holder and the knife bar to move to the left side of the machine tool until the overhanging section 82 of the knife bar reaches the recessed taper hole of the clamp, and the clamp is clamped according to the taper. The tool holder, the knife bar and the clamp are fixed. The first drag plate drags the sleeve type part to feed radially until the appropriate position, while the second drag plate drags the sleeve type part to move to the right side of the machine tool simultaneously to realize axial feeding. Under the combined action of the first drag plate system and the second drag plate system, the processing of the complex inner hole morphology is completed.

[0079] After all processing is completed, the first drag plate drives the workpiece to retreat to the appropriate position, the second drag plate drives the workpiece to move to the left side of the machine tool for processing, and the clamp releases the knife bar. The third drag plate drives the tool holder and the knife bar to move to the right side of the machine tool, the knife bar moves out of the inner hole of the sleeve type part, the power head releases the chuck, and the workpiece is unloaded. The whole processing is completed.

[0080] If two blades are symmetrically arranged on the guide rod, the first drag plate moves forward and backward to feed radially in two directions, and the second drag plate moves to move the sleeve type part axially to the appropriate position to realize the processing of the required surface. For example, the first drag plate first moves the sleeve type part backward to process the required surface for the first time, and then moves forward to process the required surface for the second time. Similarly, if multiple blades are arranged on the guide rod, different blades can be used for turning in turn. This way does not need to re-clamp the sleeve type part and the knife bar, improves the processing efficiency, and also reduces the error caused by re-clamping the sleeve type part and the knife bar.

[0081] If the inner hole has a "taper" at the first end and the last end, the upper layer of the upper layer support plate system can be adjusted. The upper layer rotates around the middle shaft relative to the lower layer by a small angle to adjust the size difference of the taper of the inner hole, and then is locked for turning.

Claims

1. A numerically controlled lathe, characterized by It comprises: a power head (4) for clamping a sleeve-like part (5); a tool holder (7) located on one axial side of the power head (4) and axially movable; a clamp (9) located on the other axial side of the power head (4) and separated from the tool holder (7) on both axial sides of the power head (4); a tool bar (8) in the shape of a rod, on which a tool bit is arranged, one end of the tool bar being directly or indirectly fixed to the tool holder (7); during cutting, the other end of the tool bar penetrates through the sleeve-like part (5) clamped on the power head (4) and is fixed to the clamp (9), the power head (4) rotates with the sleeve-like part (5) and axially feeds and radially feeds under numerical control to perform turning on the inner hole of the sleeve-like part (5).

2. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a bed body (1), a first drag plate system (2), a second drag plate system (3), and a third drag plate system (6); the first drag plate system (2) is configured to move forward and backward, the second drag plate system (3) is configured to move left and right, and the first drag plate system (2) and the second drag plate system (3) are stacked on top of each other and arranged on the upper side of the middle of the bed body (1); the third drag plate system (6) is arranged to move left and right on the bed body (1) and located on one axial side of the first drag plate system (2) and the second drag plate system (3); the power head (4) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first drag plate system (2) or the second drag plate system (3) as the upper drag plate system, the axial hole (41) of the power head (4) is a through hole for placing and directly or indirectly clamping the sleeve-like part (5), and the inner hole of the sleeve-like part (5) is also a through hole; the tool holder (7) is directly or indirectly arranged on the third drag plate system (6); the clamp (9) is arranged on the other end of the bed body (1).

3. A numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: The tool bit (10) is arranged in the middle of the tool bar (8), and the tool feeding direction of the tool bit (10) is consistent with the moving direction of the first drag plate system (2).

4. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of tool bits is: one; or two, symmetrically arranged on the tool bar (8); or multiple, arranged at intervals on the tool bar.

5. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial feeding and radial feeding of the power head (4) are realized by the movement of the first drag plate system (2) and the second drag plate system (3) under the joint control of numerical control.

6. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first drag plate system (2) comprises a first guide rail (21) below the first drag plate and a first power system (22) for driving the movement of the first drag plate; the second drag plate system (3) comprises a second guide rail (31) below the second drag plate and a second power system (32) for driving the movement of the second drag plate; and the third drag plate system (6) comprises a third guide rail (61) below the third drag plate and a third power system (62) for driving the movement of the third drag plate.

7. The numerical control lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first drag plate system (2) is configured to move forward and backward relative to the bed body (1), the second drag plate system (3) is arranged on the first drag plate system (2) and can move left and right relative to the first drag plate system (2), and the power head (4) is directly or indirectly arranged on the second drag plate system (3) as the upper drag plate system; or The second carriage system (3) is configured to move left and right relative to the bed (1), the first carriage system (2) is arranged on the second carriage system (3) and can move forward and backward relative to the second carriage system (3), and the power head (4) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first carriage system (2) as the upper layer carriage system.

8. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 7, wherein the upper layer The carriage system comprises an upper layer (23) and a lower layer (24) which are closely stacked together, the upper layer (23) can rotate relative to the lower layer (24) by a small angle and can be locked, and the power head (4) is directly or indirectly arranged on the upper layer (23).

9. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The two sides of the power head (4) are provided with chucking sleeves (5).

10. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The fixture (9) has a concave taper hole, the other end of the tool bar (8) has a boss-shaped overhanging section (82), and the concave taper hole and the overhanging section (82) have the same taper for clamping and fixing the overhanging section (82).

11. The numerically controlled lathe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The forward and backward movement of the first carriage system (2) is forward and backward movement in a horizontal plane or forward and backward movement in an inclined plane, and the inclined plane and the horizontal plane form an included angle (a).

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