Fire extinguishing system of energy storage cabinet

Abstract

The utility model provides an energy storage cabinet fire extinguishing system which comprises a supporting frame, water tanks, a battery pack and a control system and further comprises a temperature detection unit, a smoke detection unit, a fire extinguishing water injection assembly and a fire extinguishing water drainage assembly. The water inlet tank is arranged at the top of the support frame and connected with a water inlet pipeline through a water inlet control valve and a water inlet pump, and the water return tank is arranged at the bottom of the support frame and connected with a drainage pipeline through a drainage control water valve. The fire extinguishing system can act according to the grade of a fire disaster, when the system is possibly subjected to thermal runaway, an alarm signal is sent out to extinguish fire by aerosol, and a fire-fighting waterway is controlled to inject water into a battery bin in which a battery pack in an abnormal state is positioned, so that the battery pack in the abnormal state is extinguished and cooled under the action of fire-fighting water, and the purposes of no open fire and no fire are achieved. And the fire is quickly extinguished.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a fire protection system for an energy storage cabinet, belonging to the field of fire protection technology, specifically to the field of fire safety protection for energy storage equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage battery cabinets are an important component of battery energy storage systems and have been widely used in energy-saving technologies such as new energy, electric vehicle charging stations, smart grids, and industrial backup power supplies. Through the charging and discharging operations of batteries within the energy storage battery cabinet, peak shaving and valley filling can be achieved, power quality can be improved, backup power can be provided, and frequency regulation can be implemented in smart grid construction.

[0003] Battery packs in energy storage cabinets are prone to fire when they experience faults such as short circuits or overcharging. For example, a short circuit can cause excessive current, generating a large amount of heat and igniting a fire; overcharging can cause uncontrolled chemical reactions inside the battery, further increasing the risk of fire. Battery packs in energy storage cabinets typically contain electrolytes, such as acidic or alkaline solutions. If the electrolyte leaks, it can react with other substances and cause a serious fire. Fires in energy storage cabinets can cause the fire to spread rapidly, releasing harmful gases and smoke, making it more difficult for people to escape, and causing pollution and danger to the surrounding environment.

[0004] There are two common types of fire suppression systems for energy storage cabinets on the market. The first type is full immersion, which uses a gas extinguishing system to put out fires. The second type uses a combination of sprinkler and gas extinguishing systems. After the open flames of lithium batteries inside the energy storage cabinet are quickly extinguished by the gas extinguishing system, water is needed to cool them down. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a novel energy storage cabinet fire protection system.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the following solution is proposed:

[0007] A fire protection system for an energy storage cabinet includes a support frame, a water tank, a battery pack, and a control system. It also includes a temperature detection unit, a smoke detection unit, a fire-fighting water injection assembly, and a fire-fighting drainage assembly. The water tank is divided into an inlet tank and a return tank. The inlet tank is located at the top of the support frame and connected to an inlet pipeline via an inlet control valve and an inlet pump. The return tank is located at the bottom of the support frame and connected to a drain pipeline via a drain control valve. The smoke detection unit is mounted on the support frame.

[0008] The support frame is equipped with battery compartments in layers. Each battery compartment contains a set of battery packs. The battery packs contain battery packs, temperature detection units and aerosol fire extinguishing devices. The battery packs are also equipped with water inlets and drains.

[0009] The fire water injection assembly includes a fire water injection main pipe and multiple fire water injection branch pipes. One end of the fire water injection main pipe is connected to the water inlet tank, and the fire water injection main pipe is also connected to multiple fire water injection branch pipes. Each fire water injection branch pipe is connected to the water inlet of a set of battery packs.

[0010] The fire drainage assembly includes multiple fire drainage pipes, each fire drainage pipe is connected at one end to a set of battery pack drainage outlets and at the other end to a return water tank;

[0011] The control system is connected to the temperature detection unit, the smoke detection unit, the aerosol fire extinguishing device, the water inlet control valve, and the drain control valve, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery pack is a PACK battery pack, with multiple battery cells set in each battery pack.

[0013] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with drawer-type brackets in layers, and a battery compartment is formed above each drawer-type bracket.

[0014] Furthermore, the fire-fighting water injection component is arranged on the front side of the support frame, and the fire-fighting drainage component is arranged on the rear side of the support frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature detection unit employs a temperature sensor, and the smoke detection unit employs a smoke alarm sensor.

[0016] Furthermore, both the inlet control valve and the outlet control valve are solenoid valves.

[0017] Furthermore, the control system employs a microcontroller or a microcomputer.

[0018] Furthermore, the control system is housed inside an electrical control box, which is located at the bottom of the support frame.

[0019] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with partitions between the water tank and the battery compartment, and between the battery compartment and the electrical control box. The support frame, partitions, and battery compartment are combined to form the energy storage cabinet.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] The fire protection system of this utility model can operate according to the level of the fire. When the system is likely to experience thermal runaway, it will issue an alarm signal to control the fire water circuit to inject water only into the battery compartment where the battery pack in abnormal condition is located. This allows the abnormal battery pack to be extinguished and cooled by the fire water, achieving the goal of extinguishing the fire quickly without open flame.

[0022] The fire suppression system for energy storage cabinets of this invention can precisely inject water to extinguish fires in the early stages of a fire, reducing the impact of individual abnormal battery packs on the overall energy storage system and lowering the possibility of false alarms damaging the entire battery system. It can also completely extinguish fires in battery packs that have experienced thermal runaway, minimizing the risk of danger and fire and ensuring the safety of the energy storage system.

[0023] The fire protection system for energy storage cabinets of this invention has the advantages of high efficiency, reliability, and environmental protection, and can provide effective fire protection for energy storage cabinets, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is one of the partial views of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a second partial view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating the control principle of the control system.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Inlet water tank; 2-Solenoid valve; 3-Inlet water pump; 4-Battery compartment; 5-Return water tank; 6-Fire water injection main pipe; 7-Fire water injection branch pipe; 8-Electrical control box; 9-Fire drainage pipe; 10-Inlet water tank inlet; 11-Drawer bracket; 12-Support frame; 13-Fire drainage outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To fully illustrate the specific details of this utility model so as to facilitate a thorough understanding of it, the specific description is as follows. However, this utility model may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and the specific embodiments disclosed below do not constitute a limitation on this application.

[0031] The working principle of the energy storage cabinet fire protection system of this utility model is as follows:

[0032] This utility model uses a temperature detection unit and a smoke detection unit inside the battery compartment to detect the temperature and smoke content in the environment. When the temperature is lower than the set temperature after multiple detections and there is no smoke alarm, it is determined that the energy storage cabinet can operate normally.

[0033] When the system indicates that the temperature of a battery compartment has reached a preset temperature, it determines that the battery compartment has a risk of thermal runaway. The system issues an alarm signal, all battery packs are set to stop charging and discharging and power off, the aerosol fire extinguishing device in the battery pack is activated and performs aerosol fire extinguishing, the system precisely opens the fire water injection branch pipe connected to the abnormal battery pack, precisely injecting water to extinguish the fire, allowing the fire water from the fire protection system to enter the individual battery compartment and submerge the individual battery pack. The individual battery pack is extinguished and cooled by the fire water. The fire drainage system ensures that the fire water will not overflow into other battery compartments and flows back to the return water tank 5. After the fire extinguishing in the abnormal battery compartment is completed, firefighters can individually remove the individual battery packs for further processing.

[0034] When the battery compartment temperature reaches the preset temperature and a smoke alarm is triggered, it is determined that the battery pack has experienced thermal runaway or abnormal fire. The system issues an alarm signal, all battery packs are set to stop charging and discharging and power off, all battery pack aerosol fire suppression systems are activated, and all battery compartment fire water lines are opened to flood the battery packs inside. In this situation, aerosol fire suppression, along with simultaneous fire suppression and cooling using fire water, is employed.

[0035] The control principle of this utility model is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the system includes a control system, a temperature sensor, a smoke alarm, etc., but the battery charging and discharging control part is not shown. Example 1:

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the fire protection system of this energy storage cabinet includes a support frame 12, a water tank, a battery pack, and a control system. The support frame 12 forms the supporting framework of the energy storage cabinet. It also includes a temperature detection unit, a smoke detection unit, a fire water injection assembly, and a fire drainage assembly. The water tank is divided into an inlet tank 1 and a return tank 5. The inlet tank 1 is located at the top of the support frame 12 and is connected to the inlet pipeline via an inlet control valve and an inlet pump 3. The inlet tank 1 has an inlet water inlet 10. The return tank 5 is located at the bottom of the support frame 12 and is connected to the drainage pipeline via a drain control valve. Both the inlet control valve and the drain control valve are solenoid valves; for example, solenoid valve 2 in the figure controls the main fire water injection pipe. The smoke detection unit is mounted on the support frame.

[0037] The support frame 12 has battery compartments 4 arranged in layers. Each battery compartment 4 contains a battery pack. The battery pack contains a battery group, a temperature detection unit and an aerosol fire extinguishing device. The battery pack is also equipped with a water inlet and a drain outlet.

[0038] The fire water injection assembly includes a fire water injection main pipe 6 and multiple fire water injection branch pipes 7. One end of the fire water injection main pipe 6 is connected to the water inlet tank 1, and the fire water injection main pipe 6 is also connected to multiple fire water injection branch pipes 7. Each fire water injection branch pipe 7 is connected to the water inlet of a set of battery packs.

[0039] The fire drainage assembly includes multiple fire drainage pipes 9, each fire drainage pipe 9 is connected at one end to the drain outlet of a set of battery packs, and at the other end to the return water tank 5.

[0040] The control system is connected to the temperature detection unit, smoke detection unit, aerosol fire extinguishing device, water inlet control valve, and drain control valve, respectively. The battery pack uses a PACK battery pack, with multiple battery cells installed in each battery pack.

[0041] The control system monitors the temperature and smoke parameters of each battery pack. When the temperature of a battery pack exceeds a set threshold or the smoke concentration reaches a warning value, the controller determines that a fire may occur, activates the aerosol fire extinguishing device, and quickly extinguishes the fire internally. At the same time, a switch signal is sent out, and the solenoid valve activates the battery pack precision water injection fire suppression system to precisely inject water into the individual battery packs within the PACK to cool them down, achieving the goal of extinguishing the fire quickly without open flame. Example 2:

[0042] This example, based on Embodiment 1, further incorporates a layered drawer-type support frame, with each drawer-type support forming a battery compartment above it. Each battery compartment is independent, facilitating assembly and fire suppression in case of malfunctions. The drawer-type supports utilize a pull-out, movable structure with an additional positioning mechanism; alternatively, a fixed structure may be used. Example 3:

[0043] Based on Embodiment 2, this example further designs the fire-fighting water injection assembly to be arranged on the front side of the support frame 12, and the fire-fighting drainage assembly to be arranged on the rear side of the support frame 12. This structure longitudinally positions the main fire-fighting water injection pipe on the support frame, while the branch fire-fighting water injection pipes are arranged laterally and connected to the water inlet of the battery compartment.

[0044] Simultaneously, each fire drainage pipe is arranged longitudinally and connected to the return water tank, and a transverse section is provided to connect to the drain outlet of the battery pack. This design features a clear pipeline layout and facilitates water filling and drainage.

[0045] The support frame is equipped with partitions between the water tank and the battery compartment, as well as between the battery compartment and the electrical control box. The support frame, partitions, and battery compartment are combined to form the energy storage cabinet. Example 4:

[0046] This example, based on Embodiment 3, further incorporates a temperature sensor for the temperature detection unit and a smoke alarm sensor for the smoke detection unit. Both the inlet and outlet control valves are solenoid valves. The control system utilizes a microcontroller and a microcomputer, housed within an electrical control box located at the bottom of the support frame.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. The patent protection scope of the present utility model shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present utility model shall also be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fire protection system for an energy storage cabinet, comprising a support frame, a water tank, a battery pack, and a control system, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature detection unit, a smoke detection unit, a fire water injection assembly, and a fire drainage assembly. The water tank is divided into an inlet water tank and a return water tank. The inlet water tank is located on the top of the support frame and is connected to the inlet pipeline through an inlet control valve and an inlet pump. The return water tank is located at the bottom of the support frame and is connected to the drain pipeline through a drain control valve. The smoke detection unit is installed on the support frame. The support frame is equipped with battery compartments in layers. Each battery compartment contains a set of battery packs. The battery packs contain battery packs, temperature detection units and aerosol fire extinguishing devices. The battery packs are also equipped with water inlets and drains. The fire water injection assembly includes a fire water injection main pipe and multiple fire water injection branch pipes. One end of the fire water injection main pipe is connected to the water inlet tank, and the fire water injection main pipe is also connected to multiple fire water injection branch pipes. Each fire water injection branch pipe is connected to the water inlet of a set of battery packs. The fire drainage assembly includes multiple fire drainage pipes, each fire drainage pipe is connected at one end to a set of battery pack drainage outlets and at the other end to a return water tank; The control system is connected to the temperature detection unit, the smoke detection unit, the aerosol fire extinguishing device, the water inlet control valve, and the drain control valve, respectively.

2. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack is a PACK battery pack, and each battery pack contains multiple battery cells.

3. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is equipped with drawer-type brackets in layers, and a battery compartment is formed above each drawer-type bracket.

4. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire water injection assembly is arranged on the front side of the support frame, and the fire drainage assembly is arranged on the rear side of the support frame.

5. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature detection unit uses a temperature sensor, and the smoke detection unit uses a smoke alarm sensor.

6. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Both the inlet control valve and the outlet control valve are solenoid valves.

7. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control system uses a microcontroller and a microcomputer.

8. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control system is housed inside an electrical control box, which is located at the bottom of the support frame.

9. The energy storage cabinet fire protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support frame is equipped with partitions between the water tank and the battery compartment, and between the battery compartment and the electrical control box. The support frame, partitions, and battery compartment are combined to form the energy storage cabinet.

Images