Blast hole and fracture grid randomly adjustable rock-like sample preparation mold suitable for bursting test

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable blast holes and fracture grids, which is suitable for a bursting test, and comprises a base, box plates, fracture sheets, hole making rods and first connecting pieces, the four box plates are connected through the first connecting pieces to form a rectangle and are positioned on the base, and an interval is formed between every two adjacent box plates; through the arrangement of the movable box plate and the lantern ring capable of freely rotating, the device can adjust the height of the box plate, the height and the vertical angle of the crack pieces and the hole making rod, the included angle and the rotating angle between the crack pieces are adjusted by rotating the lantern ring, and the crack pieces do not need to be inserted and pulled out in the adjusting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering experimental technology, specifically to a rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grids suitable for blasting tests. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering fields such as railways, mining, water conservancy, construction, and highways, blasting is widely used due to its economic, safe, and rapid characteristics. With long-term theoretical research and production practice, the basic characteristics and laws of rock blasting have gradually been understood and mastered. Nevertheless, current blasting theory still cannot fully meet the demands of rapidly developing production, and practical operation relies heavily on experience, exhibiting a high degree of subjectivity. To gain a deeper understanding of cutting methods, rock properties, the compatibility between explosives and rock, and various technological parameters of blasting construction (such as borehole depth and diameter, and borehole plugging quality), numerous scholars have conducted extensive research. However, due to the difficulty and high cost of field testing, most studies employ numerical simulation methods. These simulation studies are often limited by software parameter settings and the simplification of models, and frequently neglect natural factors in the field, such as fractures and faults, as well as human factors such as drilling and charging, thus affecting the accuracy of the research results. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a mold that can simulate blasted specimens with cracks, so as to make up for the shortcomings of numerical simulation through indoor tests, thereby more objectively reflecting the crack propagation law during blasting, and at the same time studying the influence of blasting construction parameters (such as borehole depth, diameter and angle, and borehole plugging quality) on cracks and rocks.

[0003] In nature, fractured rocks are widespread, and these fractures significantly affect the mechanical properties of rock masses, sometimes even causing severe damage. Intersecting fractures are a common feature in rock masses; however, existing research mainly focuses on the behavior of single fractures or multiple parallel fractures. Research is particularly scarce when rock masses contain more than two intersecting fractures. Although the mechanical behavior of rock masses with X-shaped intersecting fractures has been explored, systematic research on rocks with multiple intersecting fractures remains insufficient. Fractures in rock masses can increase the impact range of engineering blasting, leading to serious problems such as rock mass collapse or groundwater inrush, posing significant safety hazards. Therefore, a deep understanding of the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of these rocks is crucial for ensuring engineering safety.

[0004] To more effectively study the blasting behavior and ultimate failure mechanism of multi-intersecting fractured rocks, there is an urgent need to develop experimental models capable of simulating multi-intersecting fractured rock masses. This would enable laboratory blasting tests and optimized blasting designs, significantly reducing risks in engineering construction and ensuring construction safety. Furthermore, it would enhance our understanding of fractured rock mass behavior, providing precise design and construction guidance for practical engineering projects.

[0005] Patent CN2016101246667 discloses a mold for fabricating randomly intersecting fractured rock blocks, including a forming mold, hinges, a square positioning plate, a steel rod, a rectangular fixing plate, and bolts. Its key feature is that a linear guide groove along the long side is provided above the long side of the mold plate, into which the steel rod can be inserted and slide longitudinally. Random arrangement of fractures in a planar position is achieved by longitudinally moving the steel rod and laterally moving the positioning plate. A gear-shaped opening is provided inside the square positioning plate, and the hinges are inserted into the teeth of the square positioning plate at different angles to adjust the angle of the prefabricated fractures. The hinges are inserted into the prefabricated joints of the square positioning plate to fix the position of the steel sheet. The width of the fractures is adjusted by changing the width of the hinges. This invention can simulate various fractured rocks with different fracture angles and widths; it has a wide range of applications. However, in the aforementioned patent, the angle adjustment between the intersecting fracture pieces is achieved by inserting and removing the fracture pieces, resulting in a fixed angle that cannot be freely adjusted, and the horizontal tilt angle on both sides of the fracture pieces cannot be adjusted. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a solution to the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grid suitable for blasting tests includes a base, box plates, fracture plates, hole-making rods, and a first connector. The box plates are connected by the first connector to form a rectangle and are located on the base, with a gap between adjacent box plates.

[0009] Preferably, a partition II is slidably installed in the gap between the middle box panels, and a partition I is slidably installed in the gap between the box panels where no partition II is provided;

[0010] Preferably, the partition I is provided with a through hole, and a slit plate adjustment assembly is rotatably installed in the through hole, the slit plate adjustment assembly being provided with a slit plate;

[0011] Preferably, the partition plate II is provided with a through hole, and the hole-making rod is movably fitted into the through hole on the partition plate II.

[0012] Preferably, the sides of partition I and partition II are provided with raised guide portions, and the sides of the box plate that contacts partition I and partition II are provided with guide grooves, wherein the raised guide portions are movably engaged with the guide grooves, and the box plate is provided with adjusting bolts, the end of the adjusting bolt facing partition I is in contact with the side of partition I, and the end of the adjusting bolt facing partition II is in contact with the side of partition II.

[0013] Preferably, the slit plate adjustment assembly includes a rotating seat, a rotating rod, and a collar assembly. The rotating seat is rotatably installed inside the partition I, and the collar assembly is rotatably installed inside the rotating seat. The collar assembly is axially fixed to the rotating seat on both sides by snap rings at the connection between the collar assembly and the rotating seat. The rotating rod is rotatably installed on the inner ring of the collar assembly located in the two rotating seats.

[0014] Preferably, the collar assembly includes a collar, with annular protrusions and annular grooves respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the collar.

[0015] Preferably, a spring I is provided at the connection between the collar assembly and the rotating rod, and a groove is provided on the rotating rod. The groove on the inner side of the collar and the groove on the rotating rod form an annular cavity. The spring I is disposed in the cavity and sleeved on the rotating rod, and the outer diameter of the spring I is larger than the diameter of the rotating rod.

[0016] Preferably, the slit plate is mounted on a collar, and a spring II is provided at the mounting position of the slit plate. The outer connecting rod of the slit plate is square and has a protrusion. The collar has a hole that mates with the outer connecting rod of the slit plate, and the collar has a cavity inside. The connecting rod of the slit plate is slidably connected to the hole on the collar and passes through the cavity. Two springs...

[0017] II are respectively set on both sides of the protrusion on the connecting rod, and the ends of the two springs II that do not contact the protrusion on the connecting rod respectively contact and limit the inner wall of the cavity on both sides of the collar.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: by setting a movable box plate and a freely rotating collar, this utility model enables the device to adjust the height of the box plate, the height and vertical angle of the slit plate and the hole-making rod, and to adjust the included angle and rotation angle between the slit plates by rotating the collar, and the adjustment process does not require inserting or removing the slit plates. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall design of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slit plate adjustment assembly of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the collar assembly and the rotating rod of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing other possible configurations of the collar structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the collar assembly and the rotating rod of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the slit plate and the collar of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Box plate, 3. Slit plate, 4. Hole-making rod, 5. First connecting piece, 6. Partition I, 7. Partition II, 8. Slit plate adjustment assembly, 9. Adjusting bolt, 81. Rotating seat, 82. Rotating rod, 83. Collar assembly, 831. Collar, 832. Second connecting piece, 84. Spring I, 85. Spring II. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Example:

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0029] A rock-like sample preparation mold with adjustable borehole and fracture grid for blasting tests includes a base 1, a box plate 2, a fracture plate 3, a hole-making rod 4, and a first connector 5. The box plate 2 is connected by the first connector 5 to form a rectangle and is located on the base 1, with a gap between adjacent box plates 2. The box plate 2 includes a vertical plate with a right-angle corner and a vertical plate. The connection is achieved by the cooperation of the vertical plate with the right-angle corner and the vertical plate and the fixation by the first connector 5.

[0030] A partition Ⅱ7 is slidably installed in the gap between the middle box panels 2, and a partition Ⅰ6 is slidably installed in the gap between the box panels 2 where no partition Ⅱ7 is provided;

[0031] The partition plate I6 is provided with a through hole, in which a fracture plate adjustment assembly 8 is rotatably installed. The fracture plate adjustment assembly 8 is provided with a fracture plate 3. Adjusting the height of the opposite partition plate I6 can change the horizontal angle of the fracture plate 3. The fracture plate adjustment assembly 8 can adjust the rotation angle of the fracture plate 3, thereby changing the fracture state of the subsequently generated rock mass to adapt to different experimental requirements.

[0032] The partition plate II7 has a through hole, and the hole-making rod 4 is movably fitted into the through hole on the partition plate II7. Adjusting the height of the partition plate II7 can change the vertical height of the hole-making rod 4, thereby changing the state of the borehole in the subsequently generated rock mass to adapt to different experimental requirements.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, each partition I6 is provided with two slit adjustment assemblies 8, and two sets of slits 3 are provided between each pair of partitions I6 on opposite sides. The number of slits 3 on the partitions I6 and each slit adjustment assembly 8 can be adjusted according to actual experimental requirements.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the sides of partition I6 and partition II7 are provided with raised guide portions, and the sides of the box plate 2 that contacts partition I6 and partition II7 are provided with guide grooves, wherein the raised guide portions are movably engaged with the guide grooves. The box plate 2 is provided with adjusting bolts 9, the end of the adjusting bolt 9 facing partition I6 is in contact with the side of partition I6, and the end of the adjusting bolt 9 facing partition II7 is in contact with the side of partition II7. By adjusting the adjusting bolts 9, the adjusting bolts 9 are brought into contact with partition I6. Similarly, at the installation position of partition II7, the adjusting bolts 9 are brought into contact with partition II7, so that partition I6 and partition II7 can stop at the position required for the experiment.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the mating positions of partition I6 and partition II7 with the box plate 2 need to be sealed. The sealing treatment includes, but is not limited to, the use of oil or sealing coating. The stopping method for partition I6 and partition II7 is not limited to contact friction stopping by adjusting bolt 9.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the slit adjustment assembly 8 includes a rotating seat 81, a rotating rod 82, and a collar assembly 83. The rotating seat 81 is rotatably mounted inside the partition plate I6, and the collar assembly 83 is rotatably mounted inside the rotating seat 81. The collar assembly 83 is axially fixed to the rotating seat 81 on both sides by snap rings at the connection point. The rotating rod 82 is rotatably mounted on the inner ring of the collar assembly 83 located within the two rotating seats 81. Because the rotating seat 81 and the partition plate I6 are rotatably connected, the rotating seat 81 can rotate with the rotation of the rotating rod 82 caused by the different heights of the opposite partition plate I6, so as to adapt to the angle change of the rotating rod 82. The rotation center axis of the rotating seat 81 is perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the rotating rod 82.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the collar assembly 83 includes at least one collar 831. The collar 831 has annular protrusions and annular grooves on its inner and outer sides, respectively. When two or more collars 831 exist, collars 831 with different diameters are fitted together by the annular protrusions and annular grooves on their inner and outer sides to form the collar assembly 83, as detailed in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, for ease of assembly, the collar 831 can also be a structure in which two half-collars are joined by a connector, as detailed in the attached diagram. Figure 4 As shown.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, a spring I 84 is provided at the connection between the collar assembly 83 and the rotating rod 82. The rotating rod 82 has a groove. The groove on the inner side of the collar 831 and the groove on the rotating rod 82 form an annular cavity. The spring I 84 is disposed in the cavity and sleeved on the rotating rod 82. The outer diameter of the spring I 84 is larger than the diameter of the rotating rod 82. Therefore, the spring I 84 can limit the connection between the rotating rod 82 and the collar assembly 83, so that the rotating rod 82 and the collar assembly 83 will not separate. At the same time, due to the elasticity of the spring I 84, the rotating rod 82 can have a certain degree of axial movement with the collar assembly 83 to adapt to the change in the length of the rotating rod 82 portion between the opposite collar assemblies 83 caused by the change in the tilt angle of the rotating rod 82.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the slit plate 3 is mounted on the collar 831, and a spring II 85 is provided at the mounting position of the slit plate 3. The outer connecting rod of the slit plate 3 is square and has a protrusion. The collar 831 has a hole that mates with the outer connecting rod of the slit plate 3, and the collar 831 has a cavity inside. The connecting rod of the slit plate 3 is slidably connected to the hole on the collar 831 and passes through the cavity. Two springs II 85 are respectively provided on both sides of the protrusion on the connecting rod. The ends of the two springs II 85 that do not contact the protrusion on the connecting rod respectively contact and limit the movement of the cavity walls on both sides of the collar 831. The springs II 85 allow the slit plate 3 to have a certain degree of axial movement with the collar 831 to adapt to the change in the length of the slit plate 3 between the opposite collars 831 caused by the change in the tilt angle of the slit plate 3. At the same time, it can also counteract the sliding of the slit plate 3 under the tilt state under the action of gravity. By rotating the collar 831, the slit plate 3 on it can be rotated, changing the rotation angle of the slit plate 3.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the collars 831 are self-locking and stopped by friction, but other self-locking methods may also be used.

[0042] The working principle of this utility model:

[0043] In the actual experiment, the box is assembled according to the experimental requirements. The partitions I6 on the opposite sides are adjusted so that the rotating rod 82 and the slit plate 3 between the partitions I6 on the opposite sides are adjusted to the required horizontal angle. At this time, the adjusting bolt 9 is rotated so that the adjusting bolt 9 contacts the partition I6, so that the rotating rod 82 and the slit plate 3 between the partitions I6 on the opposite sides are kept at the required horizontal angle of the experimental rock mass. At this time, the various collars 831 on the collar assembly 83 are rotated so that the slit plate 3 mating on the collar 831 is adjusted to the required rotation angle of the experiment. Under the action of friction, the slit plate 3 is kept at the required rotation angle of the experimental rock mass.

[0044] Then, adjust the height of the partition plate II7 to adjust the drilling rod 4 to the required vertical height. At this time, rotate the adjusting bolt 9 to make the adjusting bolt 9 contact with the partition plate II7, so that the drilling rod 4 is kept at the required vertical angle of the experimental rock mass.

[0045] Finally, solidifiable rock-like material or concrete is injected into the box. After the solidifiable rock-like material or concrete has solidified, the box is removed. Based on the angles of the rotating rod 82, the fracture plate 3, and the hole-making rod 4, an experimental rock mass with corresponding fractures and blast holes is generated.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grid suitable for blasting tests, comprising a base (1), box plates (2), fracture plates (3), a hole-making rod (4), and a first connecting member (5), wherein the box plates (2) are connected by the first connecting member (5) to form a rectangle and are located on the base (1), and there is a gap between adjacent box plates (2), characterized in that: A partition Ⅱ (7) is slidably installed in the gap between the middle box plates (2), and a partition Ⅰ (6) is slidably installed in the gap between the box plates (2) without partition Ⅱ (7); The partition I (6) is provided with a through hole, and a slit plate adjustment assembly (8) is rotatably installed in the through hole. The slit plate adjustment assembly (8) is provided with a slit plate (3). The partition plate II (7) is provided with a through hole, and the hole-making rod (4) is movably fitted in the through hole on the partition plate II (7).

2. The rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grid suitable for blasting tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition I (6) and partition II (7) are provided with raised guide parts on their sides, and the box plate (2) that contacts the partition I (6) and partition II (7) is provided with guide grooves on its side. The raised guide parts are movably engaged with the guide grooves. The box plate (2) is provided with adjusting bolts (9). The end of the adjusting bolt (9) facing the partition I (6) contacts the side of the partition I (6), and the end of the adjusting bolt (9) facing the partition II (7) contacts the side of the partition II (7).

3. The rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grid suitable for blasting tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slit plate adjustment assembly (8) includes a rotating seat (81), a rotating rod (82), and a collar assembly (83). The rotating seat (81) is rotatably installed inside the partition plate I (6). The collar assembly (83) is rotatably installed inside the rotating seat (81). The collar assembly (83) is axially fixed to the rotating seat (81) on both sides by snap rings at the connection between the collar assembly (83) and the rotating seat (81). The rotating rod (82) is rotatably installed in the inner ring of the collar assembly (83) located in the two rotating seats (81).

4. A rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grid suitable for blasting tests, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: The collar assembly (83) includes a collar (831), with annular protrusions and annular grooves on the inner and outer sides of the collar (831).

5. A rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grid suitable for blasting tests, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A spring I (84) is provided at the connection between the collar assembly (83) and the rotating rod (82). The rotating rod (82) is provided with a groove. The groove on the inner side of the collar (831) and the groove on the rotating rod (82) form an annular cavity. The spring I (84) is set in the cavity and sleeved on the rotating rod (82), and the outer diameter of the spring I (84) is larger than the diameter of the rotating rod (82).

6. A rock-like sample preparation mold with arbitrarily adjustable borehole and fracture grid suitable for blasting tests, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: The slit plate (3) is mounted on the collar (831), and a spring II (85) is provided at the mounting position of the slit plate (3). The outer connecting rod of the slit plate (3) is square, and a protrusion is provided on the connecting rod. The collar (831) is provided with a hole that cooperates with the outer connecting rod of the slit plate (3), and a cavity is provided inside the collar (831). The connecting rod of the slit plate (3) is slidably connected to the hole on the collar (831) and passes through the cavity. Two springs II (85) are respectively set on both sides of the protrusion on the connecting rod. The ends of the two springs II (85) that do not contact the connecting rod of the protrusion contact and limit the movement with the inner wall of the cavity on both sides of the collar (831).

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