Transmitting circuit used in depth finder

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transmitting circuit used in a depth finder, which comprises an isolating circuit, a driving circuit, an energy storage circuit and a power amplifier circuit, the isolating circuit is an optical coupler, an external clock CLK and an enable signal EN are isolated to form an isolated enable signal HEN and an isolated clock signal HCLK, and the isolated enable signal HEN and the isolated clock signal HCLK are input into the driving circuit; dead time is set in the driving circuit, and a pair of differential signals is generated to drive the power amplifier circuit; the power amplifier circuit comprises five paths of power tubes, a pulse transformer and a matching circuit, under the drive of differential signals, alternate conduction is achieved in a push-pull mode, variable resistance processing is carried out through the pulse transformer, and finally tuning matching is carried out through the matching circuit, so that the power amplifier circuit is matched with the transducer, and the transducer is made to be close to a pure resistance state. According to the utility model, the differential signal dead zone time is controllable, system faults caused by simultaneous conduction of power tubes can be effectively avoided, the problem of poor consistency of a transmitting circuit is solved, and the safety of a multi-beam sounding system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of integrated circuit technology, and in particular to a transmitting circuit for use in a depth sounder. Background Technology

[0002] Multibeam echo sounders use a transmitting circuit to drive a transducer array to emit wide-sector-covering acoustic waves to the seabed. The receiver then receives the waves through a narrow beam and processes them using signal processing technology. This allows for the acquisition of water depth values ​​at multiple points on a plane perpendicular to the course of travel, greatly improving sounding efficiency. Multibeam echo sounders are widely used in underwater topographic surveying, underwater emergency rescue, and other fields.

[0003] The current structure of the transmitting circuit used in depth sounders is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it mainly consists of an isolation circuit, a driver circuit, an energy storage circuit, and a power amplifier circuit. In the design of the driver circuit, the following methods are typically used: Figure 2 The RC circuit design shown can be used to design the dead time, or a frequency divider chip with built-in delay can be used for the drive circuit design, such as the UC2706. Due to the influence of factors such as the temperature characteristics of the RC components, the dead time is generally uncontrollable and needs to be measured with an oscilloscope. This not only affects the consistency of the transmitting circuit in the multibeam echo sounder system, but also easily leads to the phenomenon that the dead time is shortened due to the aging of the RC components, causing the power transistors to conduct simultaneously, thus affecting the safety of the multibeam echo sounder system.

[0004] The transmitting circuit plays a crucial role in a multibeam echo sounder system. The input clock and enable signal output two differential signals through the driver circuit, driving the power transistors in the power amplifier circuit to conduct alternately. Then, using a push-pull configuration and a pulse transformer, the transducer array is driven to transmit sound waves. However, in traditional echo sounders, the dead time of the two differential signals in the transmitting circuit is often uncontrollable, potentially leading to simultaneous conduction of the power transistors and causing system malfunctions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a transmitting circuit for use in a depth sounder to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a transmitting circuit for a depth sounder, including an isolation circuit, a driving circuit, an energy storage circuit, and a power amplifier circuit.

[0007] The isolation circuit is an optocoupler, which isolates the external clock CLK and the enable signal EN to form an isolated enable signal HEN and an isolated clock signal HCLK, and then inputs them into the driver circuit.

[0008] The driving circuit is equipped with a dead time and generates a pair of differential signals to drive the power amplifier circuit.

[0009] The power amplifier circuit includes five power transistors, a pulse transformer, and a matching circuit. Under differential signal drive, they are alternately turned on in a push-pull manner, and the pulse transformer is used for resistance variation processing. Finally, the matching circuit is used for tuning and matching to achieve matching between the power amplifier circuit and the transducer, so that the transducer is close to a pure resistive state.

[0010] In one embodiment, the driving circuit includes an inverter, a rising-edge D flip-flop, a three-input AND gate, and a gate driver IC connected in sequence.

[0011] The inverter inverts a clock signal with a frequency of fkHz to obtain a clock signal with a frequency of fkHz. The signal is used as the input of the rising-edge D flip-flop;

[0012] Using the rising-edge D flip-flop, a pair of differential signals Q and are input respectively.

[0013] The enable signal HEN, signal Q, and signal HCLK with a frequency of fkHz are used. A three-input AND gate with a frequency of fkHz input HCLK delays and outputs a pair of differential signals.

[0014] The dead time t of the differential signal is given by the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula: D is the duty cycle; f is the clock signal;

[0017] The differential signal is amplified by the gate driver IC, and the output differential signals OUTA and OUTB drive the five power transistors to conduct alternately.

[0018] In one implementation, each power transistor is connected in sequence to a pulse transformer and a matching circuit.

[0019] The transmitting circuit for use in a depth sounder provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Using all domestically produced components greatly reduces hardware costs and helps improve the reliability of multi-beam systems;

[0021] 2. The designed multibeam echo sounder drive circuit makes the differential signal dead time controllable, effectively avoiding system failures caused by simultaneous conduction of power transistors, solving the problem of poor consistency in the transmitting circuit, and improving the safety of the multibeam echo sounder system.

[0022] 3. In the power amplifier circuit of the multibeam echo sounder, the push-pull output method is used to reduce conduction loss and improve the service life of the echo sounding system; the introduction of a multi-channel selection switch to adjust the inductance can tune and match transducers with different operating frequencies, improve transmission efficiency, and make the transmitting circuit more versatile and applicable to the full-band echo sounding system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current multibeam echo sounder transmitting unit structure.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an RC circuit.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmitting circuit for a depth sounder provided by this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive circuit.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a timing diagram of the drive circuit for a multibeam echo sounder.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power amplifier circuit for a multibeam echo sounder. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the transmitting circuit for a depth sounder proposed in this utility model. The advantages and features of this utility model will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0030] This utility model proposes a transmitting circuit for use in a depth sounder, such as Figure 3 As shown, EN is the input enable signal; CLK is the input clock signal; HEN is the isolated enable signal; and HCLK is the isolated clock signal. All components used in the circuit are domestically produced. The external clock and enable signals are input to the driver circuit after optocoupler isolation. In the driver circuit, a pair of differential signals is generated by setting a dead time to drive five power transistors. A push-pull method is used to alternately turn them on, reducing conduction losses. Each transistor undergoes impedance transformation through a pulse transformer, and finally, tuning and matching are performed to achieve matching between the power amplifier circuit and the transducer, bringing the transducer close to a purely resistive state, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0031] The driving circuit of this utility model is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes an inverter, a rising-edge D flip-flop, a three-input AND gate, and a gate driver IC connected in sequence. Figure 5The timing diagram of the multibeam echo sounder drive circuit is shown in Table 1. Table 1 lists the models of domestically produced components in the drive circuit. The circuit design method is as follows:

[0032] 1) Use an inverter to invert the clock signal with a frequency of fkHz to obtain a clock signal with a frequency of fkHz. The signal is used as the input of the rising-edge D flip-flop;

[0033] 2) Use a rising-edge D flip-flop to input a pair of differential signals Q and Q respectively.

[0034] 3) Set the enable signal HEN, signal Q, and frequency fkHz signal HCLK together with the enable signal HEN and signal Q. A signal with a frequency of fkHz is input to a three-input AND gate (HCLK), which delays and outputs a pair of differential signals. The dead time t of the differential signals is given by the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula: D is the duty cycle; f is the clock signal.

[0037] 4) In order to improve the driving capability, the differential signal is amplified by the gate driver IC, and the output differential signals OUTA and OUTB drive the 5 power transistors respectively, so that they are turned on alternately.

[0038] Component Name model inverter RS1G04XF5 Rising Edge D Flip-Flop RS1G74XM Three-input AND gate RS3G11XQ Gate driver IC SL27524

[0039] Table 1. Models of domestically produced components for the drive circuit

[0040] Figure 6 This is the power amplifier circuit diagram for the multibeam echo sounder. The differential signal output from the drive circuit drives two power transistors respectively. The power is amplified by a transformer using a push-pull output method, and then driven by an LC series matching circuit to drive the transducer. Since the equivalent resonant capacitance of the transducer differs at different operating frequencies, a multiplexer K is introduced. p By connecting the inductor tap and adjusting the inductance, transducers with different operating frequencies can be tuned and matched, thereby improving transmission efficiency and the versatility of the transmission circuit.

[0041] The circuit design method for a domestically produced multibeam echo sounder proposed in this paper uses all domestically produced components, which greatly reduces hardware costs. The designed drive circuit makes the differential signal dead time controllable, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of simultaneous conduction of power transistors, and enabling the transmitting circuit to have better consistency, thus improving the safety of the multibeam echo sounding system. The push-pull output method reduces conduction losses and increases the service life of the echo sounding system. The introduction of a multiplexer switch in the matching circuit makes the transmitting circuit more versatile and applicable to all frequency band echo sounding systems.

[0042] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A transmitting circuit for use in a depth sounder, comprising an isolation circuit, a driving circuit, an energy storage circuit, and a power amplifier circuit, characterized in that, The isolation circuit is an optocoupler, which isolates the external clock CLK and the enable signal EN to form an isolated enable signal HEN and an isolated clock signal HCLK, and then inputs them into the driver circuit. The driving circuit is equipped with a dead time and generates a pair of differential signals to drive the power amplifier circuit. The power amplifier circuit includes five power transistors, a pulse transformer, and a matching circuit. Under differential signal drive, they are alternately turned on in a push-pull manner, and the pulse transformer is used for resistance variation processing. Finally, the matching circuit is used for tuning and matching to achieve matching between the power amplifier circuit and the transducer, so that the transducer is close to a pure resistive state.

2. The transmitting circuit for a depth sounder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The driving circuit includes an inverter, a rising-edge D flip-flop, a three-input AND gate, and a gate driver IC connected in sequence. The inverter inverts a clock signal with a frequency of fkHz to obtain a clock signal with a frequency of fkHz. The signal is used as the input of the rising-edge D flip-flop; Using the rising-edge D flip-flop, a pair of differential signals Q and are input respectively. The enable signal HEN, signal Q, and signal HCLK with a frequency of fkHz are used. A three-input AND gate with a frequency of fkHz input HCLK delays and outputs a pair of differential signals. The dead time t of the differential signal is given by the following formula: In the formula: D is the duty cycle; f is the clock signal; The differential signal is amplified by the gate driver IC, and the output differential signals OUTA and OUTB drive the five power transistors to conduct alternately.

3. The transmitting circuit for a depth sounder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each power transistor is connected to a pulse transformer and a matching circuit in sequence.

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