Antenna and wearable device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of communication, and discloses an antenna and wearable equipment, the antenna comprises a grounding plate, a conductive ring, a feed branch knot and a parasitic branch knot, one end of the feed branch knot is connected with the conductive ring, and the feed branch knot is connected with the grounding plate; one end of the parasitic branch knot is connected with the grounding plate, and the parasitic branch knot is coupled with the conducting ring. Through the mode, the circularly polarized radiation characteristic and the resonance frequency of the antenna can be independently generated and controlled by different structures, so that the performance adjustment is more flexible.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna and a wearable device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of technology, satellite positioning function has become one of the indispensable important functions of intelligent wearable devices. In order to improve the transmission efficiency of satellite signals, the antenna of the navigation satellite generally adopts the right-handed circular polarization form, and the L1 frequency band (1.575 GHz) is the main working frequency band of the GPS satellite positioning system. Therefore, in order to achieve the best receiving effect, the receiving device also needs to adopt a circularly polarized antenna to receive signals. Taking an intelligent watch as an example, the designer usually sets a metal face frame or frame around the watch dial for aesthetic consideration.

[0003] In the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application, the inventor finds that: in the prior art, circularly polarized antennas are mainly realized by two schemes: one is to adopt a ring-shaped coupling antenna and a metal middle frame coupling mode, but the working frequency is limited by the inherent resonant frequency of the radiator, and the design flexibility is insufficient; the other is to set a feed terminal and a ground terminal between the main plate and the ring-shaped radiator and connect a capacitor, although the structure is simple, but the total efficiency of the antenna is low, and it is easily affected by the human body. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The technical problem solved by the embodiment of the present application is to provide an antenna, which can make the circular polarization radiation characteristics and the resonant frequency of the antenna be generated and controlled by different structures, so that the performance adjustment is more flexible.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the present application is to provide an antenna, comprising a ground plate, a conductive ring, a feed branch and a parasitic branch, one end of the feed branch is connected with the conductive ring, the feed branch is connected with the ground plate; one end of the parasitic branch is connected with the ground plate, and the parasitic branch and the conductive ring are mutually coupled.

[0006] Optionally, the conductive ring is in a ring structure.

[0007] Optionally, the conductive ring is provided with a joint part, and the conductive ring is connected with the feed branch through the joint part.

[0008] Optionally, the parasitic branch is arranged parallel to the surface of the conductive ring.

[0009] Optionally, the antenna further comprises a conductive fixing component, and the feed branch is electrically connected with the ground plate through the conductive fixing component.

[0010] Optionally, the parasitic branch comprises a plurality of regularly arranged conductive units.

[0011] Optionally, the ground plate comprises a plurality of conductive layers stacked.

[0012] Optionally, the surface of the ground plate is provided with a plurality of conductive connection points, and the plurality of conductive connection points are uniformly distributed along the edge of the ground plate.

[0013] Optionally, the outer circumferential surface of the conductive ring is provided with a plurality of protruding structures.

[0014] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present application is to provide a wearable device comprising the antenna described in any of the above.

[0015] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna comprising a ground plate, a conductive ring, a feed branch and a parasitic branch, one end of the feed branch is connected with the conductive ring, the feed branch is connected with the ground plate; one end of the parasitic branch is connected with the ground plate, and the parasitic branch and the conductive ring are mutually coupled. By adopting the special structure design of the conductive ring, the feed branch and the parasitic branch, the circular polarization radiation characteristics and the resonant frequency of the antenna are generated and controlled by different structures, so that the performance adjustment is more flexible. This design not only ensures good axial ratio characteristics, but also realizes high total efficiency. Compared with the scheme in the prior art with an efficiency of not more than 30%, the present application has more excellent performance in practical application, and is particularly suitable for application in GPS wearable devices requiring high signal transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual proportions.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiments of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is another angle schematic diagram of the antenna of the embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a frequency coverage diagram of the antenna of the embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a total efficiency diagram of the antenna of the embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is an axial ratio diagram of the antenna of the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] The reference signs in the detailed description are as follows: 100, antenna; 10, ground plate; 20, conductive ring; 30, feed branch; 40, parasitic branch; 21, joint; 50, conductive fixing assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] For the convenience of understanding the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present therebetween. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal" and the like used in the present specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used in the present specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0025] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict between them.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a new antenna 100 structure, which is suitable for wearable devices that need to receive GPS signals. The following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Figure 1 The antenna 100 structure of the present embodiment will be described in detail.

[0027] The antenna 100 includes a ground plate 10, a conductive ring 20, a feed branch 30 and a parasitic branch 40, which work cooperatively through the above structure to achieve efficient circularly polarized signal reception.

[0028] Specifically, the ground plate 10 is made of conductive material, which provides a reference ground plane required for the operation of the antenna 100. The size and shape of the ground plate 10 can be appropriately adjusted according to the actual application scenario to meet the installation requirements of different wearable devices.

[0029] The conductive loop 20 adopts a ring structure design, which not only meets the electrical performance requirements of the antenna 100, but also can be well integrated with the appearance of the wearable device. The conductive loop 20 is usually made of a metal material, such as copper, aluminum, and the like, which has good electrical conductivity. The ring structure design enables the antenna 100 to produce ideal circular polarization radiation characteristics at a GPS L1 frequency band of 1.575 GHz.

[0030] One end of the feed branch 30 is connected with the conductive loop 20, and the other end is electrically connected with the ground plate 10, so as to ensure that the radio frequency signal can be effectively transmitted from the feed point to the antenna 100 radiation unit through the above connection mode. The specific size and shape of the feed branch 30 are accurately designed to achieve the best impedance matching.

[0031] One end of the parasitic branch 40 is connected with the ground plate 10, and the parasitic branch 40 exchanges energy with the conductive loop 20 through electromagnetic field coupling, which helps to enhance the radiation efficiency of the antenna 100 and improve its circular polarization characteristics.

[0032] In actual application, the antenna 100 structure exhibits excellent performance indicators: it exhibits good impedance matching characteristics near the working frequency of 1.575 GHz, the total efficiency of the antenna 100 is significantly higher than that of the prior art, and it has ideal axial ratio characteristics, which makes it particularly suitable for receiving GPS signals.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna 100 not only solves the problem of low efficiency of the conventional wearable device antenna 100, but also realizes good circular polarization characteristics through its unique structural design.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 The parasitic branch 40 includes a plurality of regularly arranged conductive units (not shown in the figure), and the conductive units are made of a metal material. The conductive units are arranged in an array on the surface of the parasitic branch 40, and the spacing between the conductive units is accurately calculated to achieve the best electromagnetic coupling effect. The number and arrangement of the conductive units directly affect the radiation performance of the antenna 100.

[0035] The ground plate 10 adopts a multi-layer superimposed conductive layer (not shown in the figure) structure design. The conductive layer includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a third conductive layer. The first conductive layer is located at the uppermost layer, used to form a direct electrical connection with the parasitic branch 40 and the feed branch 30. The second conductive layer is located at the middle position, used to enhance the electromagnetic shielding effect of the ground plate 10. The third conductive layer is located at the lowermost layer, used to provide a stable grounding reference. In the embodiment of the application, the multi-layer superimposed conductive layers are separated by an insulating medium layer. The material and thickness of the insulating medium layer are strictly selected to ensure that unnecessary electromagnetic interference does not occur between the multi-layer conductive layers. The conductive layers are provided with metal vias at certain positions for electrical interconnection between different layers.

[0036] In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of regularly arranged conductive units form a complete electromagnetic system with the multi-layer superimposed conductive layer. The conductive units produce a coupling effect with the conductive ring 20 through electromagnetic fields, and the multi-layer superimposed conductive layer provides a stable grounding environment, which significantly improves the working performance of the antenna 100 in the GPS L1 frequency band.

[0037] In the working state, after the conductive units receive the GPS signal, a complete current path is formed through the multi-layer superimposed conductive layer. The multi-layer superimposed conductive layer structure effectively reduces the influence of external electromagnetic interference on the antenna 100, and improves the anti-interference ability of the antenna 100.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 3 to 5 In the embodiment of the application, the antenna 100 structure exhibits excellent circular polarization characteristics in the 1.575GHz frequency band, and the key indicators such as axial ratio and total efficiency of the antenna 100 meet the design requirements. The cooperation of the multi-layer superimposed conductive layer structure and the regularly arranged conductive units solves the technical problem of low efficiency of the antenna 100 in the prior art.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 , and combine Figure 3 The conductive ring 20 is provided with the joint 21, which is a specially designed connection area on the conductive ring 20. The position of the joint 21 is accurately calculated to ensure that the antenna 100 can produce the best circular polarization radiation effect in the 1.575GHz frequency band. The joint 21 is made of the same conductive material as the conductive ring 20, ensuring good electrical continuity.

[0040] One end of the feeding branch 30 is fixedly connected with the conductive ring 20 through the joint 21. The joint 21 is designed in consideration of both mechanical strength and electrical performance, so that the mechanical structure is stable while reliable electrical connection is ensured. The size parameters of the joint 21 are optimized to meet the requirements of electrical connection and not significantly affect the radiation characteristics of the conductive ring 20.

[0041] In the embodiment, the surface treatment of the joint 21 is performed by a special process to improve the connection reliability between the feeding branch 30 and the conductive ring 20. The connection area of the joint 21 is accurately controlled. Too large connection area will affect the radiation characteristics of the antenna 100, and too small connection area will affect the connection reliability. In the design of the joint 21, the requirements of the assembly process are particularly considered. The structure design of the joint 21 facilitates the installation and fixation of the feeding branch 30, and improves the production efficiency and product yield of the antenna 100. Meanwhile, the design of the joint 21 also facilitates the later maintenance and repair.

[0042] Through the design of the joint 21 in the embodiment, stable and reliable electrical connection between the feeding branch 30 and the conductive ring 20 is achieved, which provides an important guarantee for the efficient operation of the antenna 100. The design ensures the electrical performance while meeting the requirements of compact structure and reliability of wearable devices.

[0043] In the embodiment, the parasitic branch 40 is arranged in parallel on the surface of the conductive ring 20. The parallel arrangement is achieved by accurate spatial positioning. The parasitic branch 40 and the conductive ring 20 maintain a specific distance, and the distance directly affects the strength of electromagnetic coupling. According to actual test data, when the distance is controlled within a suitable range, the antenna 100 can obtain the best circular polarization characteristics in the 1.575 GHz frequency band. When the feeding branch 30 inputs a radio frequency signal to the conductive ring 20, the conductive ring 20 generates an electromagnetic field. The parasitic branch 40 is arranged in parallel on the surface of the conductive ring 20, and can effectively induce the electromagnetic field generated by the conductive ring 20. This parallel arrangement enables the parasitic branch 40 to form collaborative radiation with the conductive ring 20 through electromagnetic coupling on the basis of induced current. In the embodiment, the design of the parallel arrangement not only solves the problem of low efficiency of the antenna 100 in the prior art, but also provides a compact and reliable antenna 100 solution for wearable devices.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna 100 further comprises a conductive fixing component 50, and the feed branch 30 is electrically connected with the ground plate through the conductive fixing component 50. The conductive fixing component 50 is made of a metal material with excellent conductive performance, and comprises a fixing body and a connecting part. The fixing body is in a cylindrical structure, and the surface thereof is specially treated to improve the conductive performance. The connecting part is designed with a threaded structure, facilitating reliable connection with the ground plate 10 and the feed branch 30.

[0045] The conductive fixing component 50 is arranged at a specific position of the ground plate 10, which is determined through electromagnetic field simulation optimization. The central axis of the conductive fixing component 50 is perpendicular to the ground plate 10, ensuring stable mechanical connection and electrical performance.

[0046] In some embodiments, the surface of the ground plate 10 is provided with a plurality of conductive connection points, and the plurality of conductive connection points are uniformly distributed along the edge of the ground plate 10. The ground plate 10 is connected with the device shell through the plurality of conductive connection points, which can improve the grounding effect, reduce the impedance of the antenna 100, and improve the performance of the antenna 100.

[0047] In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the conductive ring 20 is provided with a plurality of protruding structures (not shown in the figure). The protruding structures can increase the capacitance between the conductive ring 20 and other metal structures, thereby affecting the impedance and matching characteristics of the antenna 100, further optimizing the performance of the antenna 100, improving the coupling between the conductive ring 20 and other metal structures, improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna 100, and enhancing the structural strength of the conductive ring 20, making it more stable and avoiding deformation or damage.

[0048] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna 100, which comprises a ground plate 10, a conductive ring 20, a feed branch 30 and a parasitic branch 40. One end of the feed branch 30 is connected with the conductive ring 20, and the feed branch 30 is connected with the ground plate 10. One end of the parasitic branch 40 is connected with the ground plate 10, and the parasitic branch 40 is coupled with the conductive ring 20. By adopting the special structural design of the conductive ring 20, the feed branch 30 and the parasitic branch 40, the circular polarization radiation characteristics and the resonant frequency of the antenna 100 are generated and controlled by different structures, so that the performance adjustment is more flexible. This design not only ensures good axial ratio characteristics, but also realizes high total efficiency. Compared with the scheme in the prior art with an efficiency of not more than 30%, the present application has more excellent performance in practical application, and is particularly suitable for application in GPS wearable devices requiring high signal transmission efficiency.

[0049] The application further provides a wearable device embodiment, which comprises the antenna 100 described above, and the specific structure and functions of the wearable device can refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] The above merely describes the embodiments of the application, and does not limit the patent scope of the application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation using the content of the specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna comprises: a ground plate; a conductive loop; a feeding branch, one end of which is connected to the conductive loop, and the feeding branch is connected to the ground plate; a parasitic branch, one end of which is connected to the ground plate, and the parasitic branch is mutually coupled with the conductive loop.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the conductive loop is in a ring structure.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the conductive loop is provided with a joint part, and the conductive loop is connected to the feeding branch through the joint part.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the parasitic branch is arranged in parallel to the surface of the conductive loop.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna further comprises a conductive fixing assembly, and the feeding branch is electrically connected to the ground plate through the conductive fixing assembly.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the parasitic branch comprises a plurality of regularly arranged conductive units.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein the ground plate comprises a plurality of superimposed conductive layers.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the ground plate is provided with a plurality of conductive connection points, and the plurality of conductive connection points are uniformly distributed along the edge of the ground plate.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the conductive loop is provided with a plurality of protruding structures.

10. A wearable device, comprising: The antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1-9.

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