Antenna and filter
By introducing a combination structure of trapezoidal radiators, open-circuit stubs, and resonant units into a planar broadband millimeter-wave antenna, the problem of frequency selectivity that traditional antennas cannot achieve is solved, realizing frequency selectivity and efficient spectrum utilization, and suppressing in-band interference.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423321401.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
Traditional planar broadband millimeter-wave antennas lack specific functional units, resulting in the inability to achieve frequency selectivity, directional suppression or rapid attenuation of specific frequencies across the entire operating frequency band, and frequency selection for specific frequencies.
A stacked structure design consisting of a radiating layer, a dielectric layer, and a radio frequency ground layer is adopted. By introducing a combination of trapezoidal radiators, open-circuit stubs, and resonant units in the radiating layer, the open-circuit stubs provide out-of-band selectivity, and the resonant units provide in-band notch wave, thus achieving frequency selectivity performance.
It achieves frequency selectivity and efficient spectrum utilization within the operating frequency band, effectively suppressing in-band interference signals while maintaining good radiation performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223665654U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of filter technology, and in particular to an antenna and a filter. Background Technology
[0002] Planar broadband millimeter-wave antennas are an important wireless communication component, possessing advantages such as high transmission rate, low cost, light weight, and ease of integration with other components. These advantages have led to widespread attention and in-depth research on planar broadband millimeter-wave antennas by scholars and engineers in the industry. Currently, planar broadband millimeter-wave antennas have been applied to some extent in modern wireless communication terminals.
[0003] In the implementation of the embodiments of this application, the inventors discovered that traditional planar broadband millimeter-wave antennas typically employ a simple radiating element design, lacking specific functional units to achieve frequency selectivity. Specifically, this simple structural design results in the antenna exhibiting relatively uniform radiation characteristics throughout the entire operating frequency band, making it impossible to achieve directional suppression or rapid attenuation of specific frequencies. Utility Model Content
[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of this application is to provide an antenna that can simultaneously possess in-band anti-interference capabilities and efficient spectrum utilization capabilities.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application embodiment is: providing an antenna, including a radiating layer, a dielectric layer, and a radio frequency ground layer. The radiating layer is disposed on a first surface of the dielectric layer, and the radio frequency ground layer is disposed on a second surface of the radiating layer. The radiating layer includes a radiator, a microstrip line, an open-circuit stub, and a resonant unit. The radiator is connected to one side of the dielectric layer through the microstrip line, the open-circuit stub is disposed on one side of the microstrip line, and the resonant unit is disposed on the other side of the microstrip line. The open-circuit stub is used to provide out-of-band selectivity, and the resonant unit is used to provide in-band notch filtering.
[0006] Optionally, the radiator, microstrip line, and radio frequency ground layer are symmetrically arranged about the horizontal line at the midpoint of the dielectric layer.
[0007] Optionally, the radio frequency ground layer includes a first rectangular patch, with a second rectangular patch and a third rectangular patch extending from both ends of the first rectangular patch, and the first rectangular patch, the second rectangular patch and the third rectangular patch forming a concave radio frequency ground layer.
[0008] Optionally, the radiator is a trapezoidal radiator.
[0009] Optionally, the open-circuit stub includes a first feed line and a second feed line, one end of the first feed line is connected to the microstrip line, the other end of the first feed line is connected to the second feed line, and the first feed line is perpendicular to the second feed line.
[0010] Optionally, the open branch has an L-shaped structure.
[0011] Optionally, the resonant unit includes a third feed line, a fourth feed line, and a fifth feed line, with both ends of the third feed line connected to the fourth feed line and the fifth feed line, respectively, and the fourth feed line and the fifth feed line being arranged opposite to each other.
[0012] Optionally, the resonant unit has a C-type structure and is located on the side of the microstrip line away from the radiator.
[0013] Optionally, the radiating layer, dielectric layer, and radio frequency ground layer are integrally formed to create a stacked structure.
[0014] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is to provide a filter, including any of the antennas mentioned above.
[0015] This application provides an antenna comprising a radiating layer, a dielectric layer, and a radio frequency (RF) ground layer. The radiating layer includes a radiator, a microstrip line, an open-circuit stub, and a resonant element. The radiator is connected to one side of the dielectric layer via the microstrip line. The open-circuit stub is disposed on one side of the microstrip line, and the resonant element is disposed on the other side of the microstrip line. The open-circuit stub provides out-of-band selectivity, and the resonant element provides in-band notch filtering. By employing a combination of a trapezoidal radiator, open-circuit stub, and resonant element in the radiating layer, the antenna exhibits three key structural effects: First, the open-circuit stub provides high out-of-band selectivity by introducing a transmission null; second, the resonant element generates a notch filter within the operating frequency band by resonating at a specific frequency; and finally, the trapezoidal radiator, in conjunction with the concave RF ground layer, ensures stable radiation performance of the antenna over a wide frequency band. This structural design enables the antenna to simultaneously possess in-band interference immunity and efficient spectrum utilization capabilities. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;
[0018] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the back of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency ground layer in an embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a layout diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;
[0022] Figure 6 This is another layout diagram of the antenna in the embodiment of this application;
[0023] Figure 7 This is a simulation result of the antenna's VSWR;
[0024] Figure 8 The graph shows the simulation results of the antenna's maximum gain and radiation efficiency. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0027] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the antenna 100 of this embodiment includes a radiating layer 1, a dielectric layer 2, and a radio frequency ground layer 3. The radiating layer 1 is disposed on the first surface of the dielectric layer 2, and the radio frequency ground layer 3 is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric layer 2. The three layers—radiating layer 1, dielectric layer 2, and radio frequency ground layer 3—are integrally stacked. The radiating layer 1 includes a radiator 11, a microstrip line 12, an open-circuit stub 13, and a resonant element 14. The radiator 11 is connected to the first surface of the dielectric layer 2 via the microstrip line 12. The open-circuit stub 13 is disposed below the microstrip line 12, and the resonant element 14 is disposed above the microstrip line 12. The open-circuit stub 13 provides out-of-band selectivity by introducing a transmission null at a specific frequency to achieve rapid band attenuation. The resonant element 14 provides in-band notch filtering by generating resonance at a specific frequency within the operating frequency band to suppress interference signals.
[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to improve the symmetry and stability of antenna 100, the radiator 11, microstrip line 12, and radio frequency ground layer 3 are symmetrically arranged above and below the horizontal line about the midpoint of dielectric layer 2. This symmetrical structural design helps to improve the radiation performance of antenna 100.
[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the radio frequency ground layer 3 adopts a special "concave" structure, specifically including a first rectangular patch 31, a second rectangular patch 32, and a third rectangular patch 33. The first rectangular patch 31 is positioned in the middle, while the second and third rectangular patches 32 extend from both ends of the first rectangular patch 31, respectively. The three rectangular patches are interconnected to form a concave octahedral structure. This special radio frequency ground layer 3 structure design can effectively improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna 100.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the radiator 11 adopts a trapezoidal structure design. The base of the trapezoidal radiator is connected to the microstrip line 12, and the width of the top side is smaller than the width of the base side. This trapezoidal structure design can increase the operating bandwidth of the antenna 100 and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna 100.
[0032] In this embodiment, by rationally designing the structure and positional relationship of each functional unit of the radiating layer 1, as well as the special shape of the radio frequency ground layer 3, the antenna 100 can form notch characteristics within the operating frequency band and has good out-of-band selectivity, thereby achieving effective suppression of in-band interference signals and efficient utilization of spectrum resources.
[0033] Please see Figure 4The open-circuit stub 13 adopts an L-shaped structure design, including a first feed line 131 and a second feed line 132. One end of the first feed line 131 is perpendicularly connected to the microstrip line 12, forming a vertical branch; the other end of the first feed line 131 is connected to the second feed line 132, which is perpendicularly arranged to the first feed line 131, forming a horizontal branch. This L-shaped open-circuit stub structure can introduce a transmission null at a specific frequency. By precisely controlling the positional relationship between the first feed line 131 and the second feed line 132, the open-circuit stub 13 can generate a rapid phase change at the edge of the operating frequency band of the antenna 100. When electromagnetic waves propagate to the open-circuit stub 13, due to its special L-shaped structure, anti-phase superposition occurs at a specific frequency, thus forming a transmission null. The presence of this transmission null causes a sharp decrease in the gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna 100 at that frequency, thereby achieving rapid attenuation of out-of-band signals.
[0034] In this embodiment, by rationally designing the vertical connection between the first feed line 131 and the second feed line 132, the selectivity of the antenna 100 at the edge of the operating frequency band is effectively improved, thereby achieving efficient utilization of spectrum resources. Furthermore, the connection position between the open-circuit stub 13 and the microstrip line 12 has also been optimized, ensuring good impedance matching characteristics without affecting the normal radiation performance of the antenna 100 within the operating frequency band. Moreover, by employing a special L-shaped open-circuit stub structure, the technical problem of insufficient out-of-band selectivity in traditional antennas 100 is successfully solved, providing an effective technical solution for improving spectrum utilization efficiency.
[0035] Please continue reading. Figure 2 The resonant unit 14 adopts a C-shaped structure design, including a third feed line 141, a fourth feed line 142, and a fifth feed line 143. The third feed line 141 is horizontally positioned, serving as the main body of the C-shaped structure. The fourth and fifth feed lines 142 and 143 are perpendicularly connected to both ends of the third feed line 141 and are positioned opposite each other, forming the two arms of the C-shaped structure. By placing the resonant unit 14 on the side of the microstrip line 12 away from the radiator 11, the resonance effect is ensured without interfering with the normal operation of the radiator 11. The working principle of the resonant unit 14 is to generate resonance at a specific frequency through the C-shaped structure. When electromagnetic waves are transmitted to this structure, a standing wave is formed at that specific frequency, resulting in strong energy absorption. This energy absorption manifests as a sharp decrease in the transmission coefficient at that frequency, forming an in-band notch. By adjusting the dimensional relationship of the third feed line 141, the fourth feed line 142, and the fifth feed line 143, the center frequency position of the notch can be precisely controlled.
[0036] By incorporating the C-type resonant element 14, the antenna 100 in this application can form a highly selective notch within its operating frequency band, effectively suppressing interference signals at specific frequencies without affecting the normal operation of adjacent frequencies. Furthermore, the opposing arrangement of the fourth feed line 142 and the fifth feed line 143 provides additional coupling effects, further enhancing the notch filtering effect.
[0037] This embodiment successfully achieves selective suppression of antenna 100 within its operating frequency band by employing a C-type resonant unit structure, providing an effective technical solution to the in-band interference problem. Combined with the overall structural design of antenna 100, it ensures effective suppression of in-band interference without affecting other performance indicators of antenna 100.
[0038] In this embodiment, the radiating layer 1, the dielectric layer, and the radio frequency ground layer 3 are integrally formed into a stacked structure, creating an integrated antenna 100 unit. In this stacked structure, the radiating layer 1 is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer 2 and includes functional units such as radiators 11, microstrip lines 12, open-circuit stubs 13, and resonant units 14. The radio frequency ground layer 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric layer 2. This integrated stacked structure design has several advantages: First, it ensures stable connections between the functional layers, improving the mechanical strength and reliability of the antenna 100; second, it helps reduce the overall thickness of the antenna 100, achieving miniaturization; and finally, it helps improve the processing and assembly efficiency of the antenna 100.
[0039] To better illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, a specific design example is given below.
[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this example, the structural parameters of antenna 100 are as follows: length of circuit board L A It is 10.4 mm in length and 10.4 mm in width. W A The length of the central rectangular patch in RF ground plane 3 is 8.8 mm. LGM The length of the two rectangular patches is 3.3 mm. LGRL The width of the central rectangular patch is 4.3 mm. W M It is 6.4 mm. The base length of the radiator is... L L It is 6.8 mm, and the top edge length is... L H The diameter is 3.8 mm, and the height H is 6.3 mm.
[0041] Distance between resonant unit and microstrip line S C The width of the resonant unit is 0.1 mm. WCThe length of the vertical portion forming the C-type resonant unit is 0.1 mm. L CV It is 1.2 mm long, with a horizontal portion length of 1.2 mm. L CH It is 2.42 mm. The width of the open branch. W S The vertical portion of the L-shaped open branch is 0.1 mm long. L SV The length of the horizontal portion is 0.2 mm. L SH It is 1.27 mm long. Microstrip line length. L F It is 4.0 mm wide. W F It is 0.4 mm.
[0042] Please combine Figure 7 and Figure 8 Based on the above design parameters, the antenna 100 has the following performance characteristics: (1) Wide operating bandwidth. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna 100 with a VSWR of less than 2 ranges from 9.01 to 28.97 GHz, with a center frequency of 18.99 GHz, an absolute bandwidth of 19.96 GHz, and a relative bandwidth of 105.1%. (2) Stable performance within the passband. There are three transmission poles within the passband, located at 10.39 GHz, 16.83 GHz, and 26.72 GHz, respectively, ensuring the flatness of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency within the passband. Within the passband, the average maximum gain is 3.57 dBi, and the average radiation efficiency reaches 96.7%. (3) Significant in-band notch effect. A transmission zero is formed at 21.4 GHz, generating an in-band notch. At this frequency, the maximum gain drops to -5.72 dBi, and the radiation efficiency drops to 24.41%, demonstrating good in-band interference suppression capability. (4) Excellent out-of-band selectivity. At 6 GHz, the maximum gain is -5.06 dBi and the radiation efficiency is 17.21%; while at the beginning of the operating band at 9.01 GHz, the maximum gain is 2.29 dBi and the radiation efficiency is 94.4%, showing excellent lower passband selectivity. At 36 GHz, the maximum gain is -6.22 dBi and the radiation efficiency is 11.73%; while at the end of the operating band at 28.97 GHz, the maximum gain is 4.56 dBi and the radiation efficiency is 90.6%, showing excellent upper passband selectivity. (5) Omnidirectional radiation characteristics. The radiation patterns at 10.0 GHz and 27 GHz show that the antenna 100 has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics, suitable for signal transmission and reception in multiple directions.
[0043] The design parameters and test results of this embodiment show that the antenna 100 not only achieves broadband operating characteristics, but also meets the expected design goals in terms of in-band interference suppression and out-of-band selectivity, providing a reliable reference for the engineering implementation of the antenna 100.
[0044] This application provides an antenna 100, including a radiating layer 1, a dielectric layer, and a radio frequency ground layer 3. The radiating layer 1 includes a radiator, a microstrip line, an open-circuit stub, and a resonant unit. The radiator is connected to one side of the dielectric layer via the microstrip line. The open-circuit stub is disposed on one side of the microstrip line, and the resonant unit is disposed on the other side of the microstrip line. The open-circuit stub provides out-of-band selectivity, and the resonant unit provides in-band notch filtering. By employing a combination of a trapezoidal radiator, open-circuit stub, and resonant unit in the radiating layer 1, the antenna 100 exhibits three key structural effects: First, the open-circuit stub provides high out-of-band selectivity by introducing a transmission null; second, the resonant unit generates a notch filter within the operating frequency band by generating resonance at a specific frequency; and finally, the trapezoidal radiator, in conjunction with the concave radio frequency ground layer 3, ensures that the antenna 100 maintains stable radiation performance over a wide frequency band. This structural design enables the antenna 100 to simultaneously possess in-band interference immunity and efficient spectrum utilization capabilities.
[0045] This application also provides a filter embodiment, wherein the cleaning system includes the antenna 100 described above. For the specific structure and function of the antenna 100, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0046] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: Radiation layer; A dielectric layer, wherein the radiating layer is disposed on a first surface of the dielectric layer; A radio frequency ground layer, wherein the radio frequency ground layer is disposed on the second surface of the dielectric layer; The radiating layer includes a radiator, a microstrip line, an open-circuit stub, and a resonant unit. The radiator is connected to one side of the dielectric layer via the microstrip line. The open-circuit stub is disposed on one side of the microstrip line, and the resonant unit is disposed on the other side of the microstrip line. The open-circuit stub is used to provide out-of-band selectivity, and the resonant unit is used to provide in-band notch filtering.
2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator, microstrip line, and radio frequency ground layer are arranged symmetrically about the horizontal line at the midpoint of the dielectric layer.
3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radio frequency ground layer includes a first rectangular patch, with a second rectangular patch and a third rectangular patch extending from both ends of the first rectangular patch, and the first rectangular patch, the second rectangular patch and the third rectangular patch forming a concave radio frequency ground layer.
4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radiator is a trapezoidal radiator.
5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The open-circuit stub includes a first feed line and a second feed line. One end of the first feed line is connected to the microstrip line, and the other end of the first feed line is connected to the second feed line. The first feed line is perpendicular to the second feed line.
6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The The open branch has an L-shaped structure.
7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant unit includes a third feed line, a fourth feed line, and a fifth feed line. The two ends of the third feed line are connected to the fourth feed line and the fifth feed line, respectively, and the fourth feed line and the fifth feed line are arranged opposite to each other.
8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant unit has a C-type structure and is located on the side of the microstrip line away from the radiator.
9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation layer, dielectric layer, and radio frequency ground layer are integrally arranged to form a stacked structure.
10. A filter, characterized in that, Including the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.