Integrated fermentation equipment for recycling cow dung and bed padding

Abstract

The utility model discloses integrated fermentation equipment for recycling cow dung and bedding in bed, and relates to the technical field of resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. The equipment comprises an aerobic fermentation system and a solid-liquid re-separation system, wherein the solid-liquid re-separation system comprises a machine body, and a transfer mechanism, a re-separation mechanism and a scraping mechanism which are mounted on the machine body; a discharging port of the transfer mechanism is connected with a feeding port of the aerobic fermentation system, the re-separation mechanism and the scraping mechanism are located above the transfer mechanism, the re-separation mechanism is close to a feeding port of the transfer mechanism, and the scraping mechanism is close to a discharging port of the transfer mechanism. According to the equipment disclosed by the utility model, solid-liquid re-separation operation is carried out on a mixed material with relatively high humidity while the carbon-nitrogen ratio is ensured, so that an initial material with the moisture content of about 50-60% is obtained; material conveying and material feeding can be completed, the material scraping mechanism can complete downward-pressing material touching and translation material scraping, and marginalized materials or overturning scattering residual materials on the excrement bearing belt are avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of resource utilization of livestock manure, and particularly relates to a cow manure recycling bed mattress integrated fermentation equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a large mammal, the daily excretion of cow dung is the largest among all scale livestock and poultry breeding. The resource utilization of livestock manure has become a bottleneck for the development of the livestock industry. Harmless and resource utilization of livestock manure is an inevitable choice for the long-term development of scale breeding.

[0003] Cow dung regeneration mattress as a solution to replace traditional conventional mattress brings multiple advantages and positive effects. Recycling cow dung mattress conforms to the breeding concept of green, healthy, ecological, energy-saving and sustainable development, can reduce the risk of manure treatment in the field, and realize effective utilization of manure resources. Cow dung contains organic components and cellulose that can be utilized by microorganisms, and has the potential to be converted into dairy bed mattress. Compared with feeding on concrete floor, using deep layer recycled dry cow mattress can significantly reduce the incidence of joint wear in cows, and help to provide a more comfortable environment for cows and improve animal welfare. Using deep layer recycled dry cow manure mattress in open cowshed without partitions can also significantly improve the body cleanliness of cows. Compared with directly discharging cow dung on hardened ground, the compost mattress system can better handle cow dung, improve the cleanliness and dryness of the ground. Such environmental improvement not only improves the comfort of cows, but also helps to reduce the situation of cows contaminated with cow dung. Studies have shown that more than half of the time of cows is spent on lying down and ruminating. The treated cow dung as bed mattress is soft and breathable, which can effectively improve the lying rate of cows, and comfortable lying can maximize the lying time of cows, so as to increase the milk yield of cows.

[0004] The common bedding material of cow dung is directly dried, dried after solid-liquid separation and used after fermentation. The direct drying and drying after solid-liquid separation have the problems of poor sterilization effect and unsuitable water content for lying down of cows. The traditional aerobic fermentation has the disadvantages of long processing time, large artificial pressure and large occupied area. The existing aerobic fermentation system has the advantages of easy monitoring of parameters such as temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration and water content in the system, short aerobic composting time, reduced artificial pressure, small occupied area, more importantly, 99% of bacteria in the cow dung can be killed, and the industrial development and ecological environmental protection are realized. Before aerobic fermentation, preliminary solid-liquid separation is needed, the dung and auxiliary materials are mixed in proportion by using a belt conveyor and then put into a fermentation tank, and the fermentation tank is then closed. The proper water content in the compost is a key condition for ensuring the smooth progress of the composting process. If the water content is too low, the organic matter cannot be fully dissolved, affecting the metabolism of microorganisms. If the water content is too high, the void ratio is reduced, resulting in an anaerobic environment and a reduced degradation rate. Generally, the initial water content of the compost is required to be 50% to 60%. The solid-liquid separation is only simple dehydration, and the pretreated mixture directly enters the next solid fermentation treatment. However, the water content of the mixture of the fermentation raw materials mixed according to the proportion of the compost carrier cannot meet the requirements when the water content is measured at multiple points, and the proportion of each material needs to be adjusted again, increasing the pretreatment time of the raw materials. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a cow dung reuse bedding material integrated fermentation equipment which can simultaneously transport the dung and perform solid-liquid separation again, further control the water content, and make the water content of the mixture after quality proportioning of the compost carrier more uniform. After one proportioning, the appropriate carbon-nitrogen ratio and the initial water content of the compost can be ensured, thereby reducing the pretreatment time and shortening the composting period.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a cow dung reuse bedding material integrated fermentation equipment, comprising an aerobic fermentation system and a solid-liquid separation system, the solid-liquid separation system comprising a machine body, a transport mechanism, a re-separation mechanism and a scraping mechanism installed on the machine body; the discharge port of the transport mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the aerobic fermentation system, the re-separation mechanism and the scraping mechanism are located above the transport mechanism, the re-separation mechanism is close to the feeding port of the transport mechanism, and the scraping mechanism is close to the discharge port of the transport mechanism.

[0007] The transport mechanism further comprises a dung bearing belt, a plurality of carrier rollers, a plurality of transmission cylinders, a transport motor and a chain transmission mechanism, the transport motor is connected with the chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism is connected with a driving cylinder of the plurality of transmission cylinders, and the dung bearing belt is installed on the plurality of carrier rollers and the plurality of transmission cylinders.

[0008] The machine body is further provided with drainage ports and drainage grooves along the two sides of the dung bearing belt, and the two drainage ports are respectively communicated with the end portions of the corresponding drainage grooves.

[0009] The re-separation mechanism comprises a support, a speed reducer motor, a squeezing roller and adjustable bases, the adjustable bases are installed on the support, the speed reducer motor is installed on the adjustable bases, the support is fixed on both sides of the machine body, the speed reducer motor is connected with the squeezing roller, the adjustable bases are symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the squeezing roller are installed in the corresponding adjustable bases.

[0010] The scraping mechanism comprises a push rod motor, a push plate, an adjustable scraper and guide rails, the guide rails are symmetrically arranged in the machine body, the push rod of the push rod motor is connected with the push plate, the lower side of the push plate is connected with the adjustable scraper through spring telescopic columns, the starting ends of the two guide rails are inclined surfaces, the adjustable scraper moves along the guide rails by following the movement of the push plate and being pressed by the two guide rails, when the guide rails press the adjustable scraper, the spring telescopic columns are elongated, and the adjustable scraper is in contact with the belt surface of the dung belt.

[0011] The adjustable scraper comprises a flat plate, and the two ends of the flat plate are converging plates respectively.

[0012] The discharge port of the transfer mechanism is located on the obliquely lower side of the dung belt.

[0013] The adjustable base comprises a seat body and a base block, the base block is connected between the seat body and the support, the base block is provided with a positioning hole, and the base blocks are connected by inserting positioning pins into the positioning holes of the two base blocks when the base blocks are stacked.

[0014] The speed reducer motor, the squeezing roller and the adjustable base are respectively arranged as two groups, each group of adjustable bases is symmetrically arranged as two, each group of squeezing rollers is connected with two symmetrically arranged seat bodies, and the speed reducer motor is installed on the uppermost base block.

[0015] An infrared sensor is arranged in the machine body and connected with a controller arranged on the outer side of the machine body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0017] The cow dung reuse bed mattress integrated fermentation equipment of the utility model, after solid-liquid preliminary separation, the solid-state excrement and auxiliary materials mixed according to mass ratio are tested for moisture content at multiple points, solid-liquid reseparation operation is carried out, so that the initial material with moisture content of about 50% to 60% is obtained, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is ensured.

[0018] Compared with the existing spiral extrusion conveying equipment, the solid-liquid reseparation system of the utility model can also collect the liquid seeped out during the material transfer, and the size of the machine body of the solid-liquid reseparation system of the utility model is smaller under the same volume. The scraping mechanism of the utility model, the scraper scrapes the material completely and automatically feeds into the aerobic fermentation system, so that the material scattering is prevented.

[0019] The cow dung reuse lying bed bedding integrated fermentation equipment has the scraping mechanism of the solid-liquid reseparation system, the scraper plate has two plane degrees of freedom, can complete the downward pressing and scraping, and the residual material is not left on the dung receiving belt in the transfer mechanism, the sticking prevention effect is good, the edge material or the turned over and scattered residual material is avoided, the residual material drying and caking is not easy to occur on the belt, the belt is convenient to clean, and the production waste water is reduced.

[0020] The cow dung reuse lying bed bedding integrated fermentation equipment has the adjustable base of the reseparation mechanism, the distance between the seat body and the support is adjusted by changing the number of base blocks, so that the distance between the extrusion roller and the dung receiving belt is adjusted, and the material is properly extruded.

[0021] The cow dung reuse lying bed bedding integrated fermentation equipment has the adjustable base of the reseparation mechanism, the distance between the seat body and the support is adjusted by changing the number of base blocks, so that the distance between the extrusion roller and the dung receiving belt is adjusted, and the material is properly extruded.

[0022] The cow dung reuse lying bed bedding integrated fermentation equipment has the infrared sensor arranged on the machine body, can automatically detect whether the material is normally transported on the dung receiving belt, realizes that the machine body is partially closed except the drainage port and the material inlet, and keeps the production environment clean. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the cow dung reuse lying bed bedding integrated fermentation equipment.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the solid-liquid reseparation system in the equipment.

[0025] Figure 3 It is an opening schematic view of the upper part of the machine body of the solid-liquid reseparation system in the equipment.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a local structural section view of the solid-liquid reseparation system in the equipment.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a scraping mechanism schematic view of the solid-liquid reseparation system in the equipment.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a scraping mechanism motion state change schematic view of the solid-liquid reseparation system in the equipment.

[0029] Label: 1. solid-liquid separation system, 11. machine body, 111. sensor, 112. drain groove, 12. transfer mechanism, 121. transfer mechanism feeding port, 122. transfer mechanism discharging port, 123. manure bearing belt, 124. transfer motor, 125. chain transmission mechanism, 126. carrier roller, 127. driven cylinder, 13. re-separation mechanism, 131. adjustable base, 1311. seat body, 1312. base block, 132. speed reducer motor, 133. support, 134. extrusion roller, 14. scraping mechanism, 141. guide rail, 142. push rod motor, 143. push rod, 144. push plate, 145. scraper, 1451. straight plate, 1452. converging plate, 146. spring telescopic column, 2. aerobic fermentation system, 21. roller, 22. support, 23. stirring device, 24. valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The utility model is further illustrated below in combination with embodiments. These embodiments are only used for illustrating the utility model and are not used for limiting the range of the utility model. Any non-essential change and replacement made by the person skilled in the art on the basis of the utility model all belong to the range of the utility model claimed for protection.

[0031] Terms and definitions

[0032] Livestock and poultry manure: mainly refers to a kind of organic solid waste generated in the process of livestock and poultry breeding, including pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure, duck manure and the like.

[0033] Mixed material: the compost raw material is composed of livestock and poultry manure, straw type agricultural and forestry waste, quicklime and compound microbial inoculant, after mixing and blending, the moisture content of the heap material is 50% to 60%, the temperature is 35 DEG C to 45 DEG C, and the pH is 6.5 to 9.5.

[0034] Aerobic composting: under certain artificial control conditions of moisture, carbon-nitrogen ratio and ventilation, organic matter in the heap is degraded by microorganisms to realize the harmless and stabilization of organic waste.

[0035] Reference Figure 1The embodiment provides a cow manure reuse bedding integrated fermentation equipment, material selection is cow manure in livestock and poultry manure, corn stalk is added as a pile to improve the carbon-nitrogen ratio, and the pile pore structure is improved. The aerobic fermentation system 2 is provided with a stirring device 23, the drum 21 of the aerobic fermentation system 2 is arranged on the support 22, the stirring device 23 overturns the mixed material, and ventilation is performed into the drum 21, so that the material distribution in the pile is uniform, and the consistency of the composting process of each part is ensured. The solid-liquid separation system 1 comprises a machine body 11, a transfer mechanism 12, a reseparation mechanism 13 and a scraping mechanism 14 installed on the machine body 11; the transfer mechanism discharge port 122 is connected with the feeding port of the aerobic fermentation system 2 through the electric valve 24, the valve 24 is in an open state when the aerobic fermentation system 2 feeds, the valve 24 is closed after the material is completely fed, so that the aerobic fermentation system 2 becomes a closed space, and aerobic fermentation is performed. The reseparation mechanism 13 and the scraping mechanism 14 are located above the transfer mechanism 12, the reseparation mechanism 13 is close to the feeding port 121 of the transfer mechanism, and the scraping mechanism 14 is close to the transfer mechanism discharge port 122.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The transfer mechanism 12 in the embodiment further comprises a manure bearing belt 123, a plurality of supporting rollers, a transmission cylinder group, a transfer motor 124 and a chain transmission mechanism 125 installed on the machine body 11, the transfer motor 124 is connected with the chain transmission mechanism 125, the supporting roller group comprises a supporting frame and a plurality of supporting rollers 126, the supporting rollers 126 are rotationally connected to the supporting frame, the supporting frame is connected to the machine body 11, the mounting plate of the transfer motor 124 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the machine body 11, the transmission cylinder group comprises a driving cylinder and a driven cylinder 127, the chain transmission mechanism 125 is connected with the shaft of the driving cylinder, and the manure bearing belt 123 is installed on the supporting roller group and the transmission cylinder group. The transfer mechanism discharge port 122 is located on the obliquely lower side of the manure bearing belt 123. The transfer motor 124 drives the chain transmission mechanism 125 to act, the chain transmission mechanism 125 drives the driving cylinder to rotate, the manure bearing belt 123 and the driven cylinder 127 move following, the supporting roller group is used for supporting the manure bearing belt 123 and the material above the manure bearing belt 123, and supporting the empty load return of the manure bearing belt 123.

[0037] Reference Figure 3The separating mechanism 13 in the embodiment comprises a support 133, a speed reducer motor 132, a squeezing roller 134 and an adjustable base 131. The adjustable base 131 is installed on the support 133, the speed reducer motor 132 is installed on the adjustable base 131, the support 133 is fixed on both sides of the machine body 11, the speed reducer motor 132 is connected with the squeezing roller 134, the adjustable bases 131 are symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the squeezing roller 134 are installed in the corresponding adjustable bases 131. The adjustable base 131 comprises a base body 1311 and a base block 1312, the base block 1312 is connected between the base body 1311 and the support 133, and the base block 1312 is provided with a positioning hole. As an optimization of the embodiment, the base block 1312 can be provided in multiple pieces and used as needed. When the base blocks are stacked, the positioning holes of the two base blocks 1312 are connected by inserting a positioning pin into the positioning holes. As a further optimization of the embodiment, the speed reducer motor 132, the squeezing roller 134 and the adjustable base 131 can be provided in two groups respectively, each group of adjustable bases 131 is symmetrically arranged in two, each group of squeezing rollers 134 is connected with the two symmetrically arranged base bodies 1311, and the speed reducer motor 132 is installed on the uppermost base block 1312. The number of base blocks 1312 and the squeezing rollers 134 in use are adjusted according to the humidity of the material. For example, one-time squeezing can be selected, that is, only one group of speed reducer motors 132 and squeezing rollers 134 are used to squeeze and dehydrate the material on the dung belt 123; two-time squeezing can be selected, that is, two groups of speed reducer motors 132 and squeezing rollers 134 are used to squeeze and dehydrate the material on the dung belt 123 in turn. When two-time squeezing is performed, the spacing between the squeezing rollers 134 and the dung belt 123 through which the material passes in turn can be the same or different. When the spacing is different, the number of base blocks 1312 of the adjustable base 131 in front is more than that of the adjustable base 131 behind.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 In the embodiment, drainage openings (not shown in the figure) are also symmetrically arranged in the machine body 11, and drainage grooves 112 are arranged along both sides of the dung belt 123. The two drainage openings are respectively communicated with the end portions of the corresponding drainage grooves 112. A water pipe is connected at the drainage opening to collect waste liquid into a water collecting tank.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 And Figure 6The scraping mechanism 14 in the embodiment comprises a push rod motor 142, a push plate 144, an adjustable scraper 145 and guide rails 141, the guide rails 141 are symmetrically arranged in the machine body 11, the push rod 143 of the push rod motor 142 is connected with the push plate 144, the lower side of the push plate 144 is connected with the adjustable scraper 145 through a bolt type spring telescopic column 146, the starting end of the two guide rails 141 is a slope, the adjustable scraper 145 moves with the push plate 144 and can move along the guide rails 141 under the pressing of the two guide rails 141, when the guide rails 141 press the adjustable scraper 145, the spring telescopic column 146 is elongated, and the adjustable scraper 145 is in contact with the belt surface of the manure bearing belt 123. The push rod motor 142 is installed on the upper side in the machine body 11, when the push rod motor 142 is started, the push rod 143 is retracted, which drives the push plate 144 to move to the direction of the discharging port 122 of the transfer mechanism, the adjustable scraper 145 moves in the same direction with the push plate 144, when the two end portions of the adjustable scraper 145 are in contact with the slope starting end of the guide rails 141 and continue to move, the adjustable scraper 145 is in contact with the belt surface of the manure bearing belt 123 under the pressure of the guide rails 141, and then the material on the manure bearing belt 123 is scraped to the aerobic fermentation system 2, and the spring telescopic column 146 is vertically stretched. When the push rod 143 is elongated, the push plate 144 is moved in the opposite direction, the adjustable scraper 145 moves in the same direction with the push plate 144, when the two end portions of the adjustable scraper 145 are separated from the slope starting end of the guide rails 141 and continue to move, the spring telescopic column 146 is reset and shortened, the adjustable scraper 145 is separated from the belt surface of the manure bearing belt 123, and the material on the manure bearing belt 123 normally passes through the lower part of the adjustable scraper 145. The transfer mechanism 12 is low-speed conveying, the conveying rate of the manure bearing belt 123 is less than the moving rate of the adjustable scraper 145, the push rod motor 142 is intermittently actuated, after the material on the manure bearing belt 123 is accumulated to a sufficient length, the push rod motor 142 is actuated again to make the adjustable scraper 142 scrape the material. The adjustable scraper 145 reversely scrapes the belt in the return stroke, and the manure bearing belt 123 is further cleaned, so that there is no residual material adhesion or falling when the part of the manure bearing belt 123 is in the empty return stroke.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 The infrared sensor 111 is arranged in the machine body 11, is close to the side surface of the manure bearing belt 123, and is connected with the controller arranged outside the machine body 11. In the embodiment, the transfer motor 124 of the transfer mechanism 12, the speed reduction motor 132 of the re-separation mechanism 13 and the push rod motor 142 of the scraping mechanism 14 are controlled to start and stop through the controller, when the infrared sensor 111 detects that the material on the manure bearing belt 123 passes, the transfer motor 124 and the speed reduction motor 132 normally operate, and the push rod motor 142 is intermittently started and stopped, the length of time when the push rod motor 142 is stopped is related to the running speed of the manure bearing belt 123.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6As the optimization of the embodiment, the adjustable scraper 145 comprises a flat plate 1451, and the two ends of the flat plate 1451 are respectively converging plates 1452, and the included angle between the flat plate 1451 and the converging plates 1452 is obtuse. Preferably, the included angle between the flat plate 1451 and the converging plates 1452 is between π / 2 and 2π / 3. The converging plate 1452 part of the adjustable scraper 145 makes the material on the manure belt 123 fall into the drum 21 of the aerobic fermentation system 2 during scraping.

[0042] After the aerobic fermentation system 2 is filled with the rated amount of material, the solid-liquid separation system 1 is stopped, the valve 24 is closed, and the compost fermentation is started. The fermented and matured manure is loose and soft, harmless and odorless, and the water content is less than 40%, which meets the use requirements of the bedding for lying cows. The bedding for lying cows is safe and convenient, low in cost, beneficial to environmental protection, reduces the cost of the bedding for lying cows, and meets the direction of resource utilization, harmlessness and recycling of manure.

Claims

1. A cow dung reusing bedding and manure integrated fermentation apparatus comprising an aerobic fermentation system, characterized in that: The solid-liquid re-separation system comprises a machine body and a transfer mechanism, a re-separation mechanism and a scraping mechanism installed on the machine body; the discharge port of the transfer mechanism is connected with the feeding port of the aerobic fermentation system, the re-separation mechanism and the scraping mechanism are located above the transfer mechanism, the re-separation mechanism is close to the feeding port of the transfer mechanism, and the scraping mechanism is close to the discharge port of the transfer mechanism.

2. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 1, wherein: The transfer mechanism further comprises a manure bearing belt and a plurality of supporting rollers, a plurality of transmission cylinders, a transfer motor and a chain transmission mechanism installed on the machine body; the transfer motor is connected with the chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism is connected with a driving cylinder in the plurality of transmission cylinders, and the manure bearing belt is installed on the plurality of supporting rollers and the plurality of transmission cylinders.

3. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 2, wherein: The machine body is further provided with drainage ports and drainage grooves along the two sides of the manure bearing belt; the two drainage ports are respectively communicated with the end portions of the corresponding drainage grooves.

4. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 3, wherein: The re-separation mechanism comprises a support, a speed reducer, a squeezing roller and an adjustable base; the adjustable base is installed on the support, the speed reducer is installed on the adjustable base, the support is fixed on the two sides of the machine body, the speed reducer is connected with the squeezing roller, and the adjustable bases are symmetrically arranged; the two end portions of the squeezing roller are installed in the corresponding adjustable bases.

5. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 2 or 3, wherein: The scraping mechanism comprises a push rod motor, a push plate, an adjustable scraper and guide rails; the guide rails are symmetrically arranged in the machine body; the push rod of the push rod motor is connected with the push plate; the lower side of the push plate is connected with the adjustable scraper through a spring telescopic column; the starting end of the two guide rails is a slope; the adjustable scraper moves along the guide rails under the pressing of the two guide rails while following the movement of the push plate; when the guide rails press the adjustable scraper, the spring telescopic column is elongated; and the adjustable scraper is in contact with the belt surface of the manure bearing belt.

6. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 5, wherein: The adjustable scraper comprises a flat plate, and the two end portions of the flat plate are converging plates; and the included angle between the flat plate and the converging plates is an obtuse angle.

7. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 2, wherein: The discharge port of the transfer mechanism is located on the obliquely lower side of the manure bearing belt.

8. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 4, wherein: The adjustable base comprises a seat body and a base block; the base block is connected between the seat body and the support; the base block is provided with a positioning hole; and the base blocks are connected by inserting a positioning pin into the positioning holes of the two base blocks when the base blocks are stacked.

9. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 8, wherein: The speed reducer, the squeezing roller and the adjustable base are respectively provided as two groups; each group of adjustable bases is symmetrically arranged as two; each group of squeezing rollers is correspondingly connected with the two symmetrically arranged seat bodies; and the speed reducer is installed on the uppermost base block.

10. The integrated fermentation apparatus for cow dung reusing bedding of claim 1, wherein: An infrared sensor is arranged in the machine body and connected with a controller arranged on the outside of the machine body.

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