Flash and top blowing coupled molten pool tin smelting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flash and top-blowing coupled molten pool tin smelting device, which belongs to the technical field of pyrogenic smelting of crude tin and comprises a top-blowing molten pool and a top-blowing spray gun. Wherein the lower half part of the top-blowing spray gun extends into the top-blowing molten pool, and tin concentrate, tin middling subjected to fuming enrichment and powdery tin smoke dust are subjected to ore blending with a flux and then are smelted; adding a carbonaceous reducing agent into the molten pool, and reducing to form a CO reducing atmosphere layer at the upper part of the slag layer; and blowing fluidized bed furnace roasting dry powder to the upper part of the CO reducing atmosphere layer, carrying out flash reduction smelting on the fluidized bed furnace roasting dry powder, enabling the fluidized bed furnace roasting dry powder which is not subjected to flash reduction smelting to enter a molten pool, and continuing to carry out a reduction stage in top-blowing molten pool smelting, so that flash and top-blowing coupling is realized, and crude tin is prepared. According to the utility model, flash and top-blowing molten pool smelting are effectively coupled together, fuel consumption can be reduced by about 20%, and the bed capacity is obviously improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pyrogenic smelting crude tin, and in particular to a device for smelting tin in a molten pool by coupling flash smelting with top blowing. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is the world's largest producer of tin, and the layout of tin production capacity has the characteristics of high regional concentration, with more than 60% of tin production capacity coming from a few major producers. These producers basically use oxygen-enriched intensified molten pool smelting technology, especially TSL technology, which is the most advanced crude tin smelting technology today.

[0003] The materials processed in the oxygen-enriched intensified molten pool smelting technology are relatively complex, including tin concentrate, tin middlings enriched by fuming, dry powder from the roasting of the boiling furnace, powdery tin fume produced from tin furnace slag, and powdery tin fume collected by the waste heat boiler and electric dust collector in the flue gas treatment system during the top blowing smelting process.

[0004] Some of these tin-containing powdery materials have small particle sizes, accounting for about 50% of the materials processed in the oxygen-enriched intensified molten pool smelting technology. If they are directly added to the molten pool through belt conveying from the top of the molten pool, the distance they fall in the molten pool is more than 10 meters. These tin-containing materials with small particle sizes are easily collected by the dust collector along with the flue gas, so they need to be granulated with water before being added to the molten pool. The granulated materials in the oxygen-enriched intensified molten pool smelting process increase the water content in the mixed tin-containing powdery materials entering the furnace to 8%-12%. The high water content in the mixed tin-containing powdery materials entering the furnace needs to be treated by evaporation in the oxygen-enriched intensified molten pool smelting process, which reduces the hearth capacity and increases energy consumption. Moreover, the flue gas collected during the top blowing smelting process contains a large amount of water vapor, increasing the flue gas treatment volume and cost. Improvements have been made to these tin-containing materials with small particle sizes while maintaining the oxygen-enriched intensified molten pool smelting technology.

[0005] For example, patent application number 2021108065485, a system and method for smelting tin-containing materials. The utility model classifies various tin-containing materials to obtain low-sulfur and low-arsenic tin ore and high-sulfur and high-arsenic tin ore. The high-sulfur and high-arsenic tin ore is pretreated to obtain tin-containing dry materials. The tin-containing dry materials are sieved to obtain tin-containing fine-grained dry materials and tin-containing coarse-grained dry materials. The low-sulfur and low-arsenic tin ore and the tin-containing coarse-grained dry materials are blended and then added to a top blowing furnace. The tin-containing fine-grained dry materials and recovered tin-containing materials are blown into the top blowing furnace through a top blowing lance. After smelting, the materials enter the reduction stage to finally obtain crude tin products.

[0006] Patent application number 202110806443X, a side type powder feeding top blowing furnace and its processing method. The utility model smelts the powder tin dust, pulverized coal and powder tin in the stage of tin smelting, sprays into the inside of the cylindrical furnace body through the spray gun inserted in the side of the cylindrical furnace body, smelts first and then reduces the stage, and finally obtains the crude tin product.

[0007] Whether it is "a system and method for smelting a tin-containing material" or "a side type powder feeding top blowing furnace and its processing method", both are in the smelting stage of top blowing bath smelting, by changing the spraying method of tin-containing material with smaller particle size, such as blowing through top blowing lance or blowing through side inserted spray gun, it cannot actually save fuel consumption, especially in the process of side blowing, the top blowing furnace needs to be improved, which increases the smelting cost.

[0008] Flash smelting is one of the most advanced production processes for smelting heavy non-ferrous metals such as copper and nickel. The basic principle of flash smelting is that the ore with a specified particle size and moisture is sprayed into the reaction chamber of the flash furnace through the nozzle, so that the ore particles are suspended in the high-temperature oxidizing gas stream, and the oxidation reaction of sulfide minerals occurs rapidly, releasing a large amount of heat energy. In the process of copper smelting flash smelting, the slagging reaction and the copper matte smelting will be completed simultaneously and rapidly. Generally, the fuel consumption of flash smelting is only about 50% of that of traditional smelting process, so flash smelting process has the advantages of low energy consumption, large bed capacity, high automation degree, clean production environment, etc.

[0009] In patent application number 2021113126169, a copper flash smelting process is disclosed, which realizes the flash smelting of copper under the conditions of powder average particle size less than 200 mesh, water content less than 0.3%, smelting temperature 1200-1400℃, and oxygen concentration 60-100%. Patent application number 2019112384132 discloses a new type of furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore volatilization smelting and flash smelting in the same hearth and its smelting method, which realizes the flash smelting of antimony under the conditions of antimony powder ore particle diameter less than 10mm, water content less than 15%, jet flow rate 0.1m / s-100m / s, and jet flow rate 1g / s-10000g / s.

[0010] Whether it is copper flash smelting or antimony flash smelting, it is to rapidly complete the oxidation reaction of fine, low water content copper-containing material or antimony-containing material in high-temperature oxidizing gas stream. There is no flash smelting method and application in the existing technology for coarse tin smelting process.

[0011] Therefore, how to realize the efficient utilization of tin-containing material with smaller particle size and effectively couple flash smelting with top blowing bath smelting to realize the technical effects of reducing energy consumption and increasing bed capacity is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. The utility model discloses a method and device for smelting tin in a molten pool by coupling flash smelting with top blowing.

[0012] The utility model discloses at least one of the above technical problems in prior art is solved to some extent.

[0013] To this end, the utility model provides a method and device for smelting tin in a molten pool by coupling flash smelting with top blowing.

[0014] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0015] A device for smelting tin in a molten pool by coupling flash smelting with top blowing, comprising a top blowing molten pool and a top blowing lance.

[0016] The lower half of the top blowing lance extends into the top blowing molten pool.

[0017] The top of the top blowing molten pool is provided with a feeding port and a tail gas collecting port.

[0018] The upper end of the top blowing lance is sequentially provided from top to bottom with a fluidized furnace roasting dry powder lance inlet, a lance third inlet, a lance second inlet and a lance first inlet.

[0019] Further, the top blowing molten pool sequentially contains a metal melt layer, a slag layer and a CO reduction atmosphere layer from bottom to top.

[0020] Further, the top blowing lance extends into the CO reduction atmosphere layer, and the fluidized furnace roasting dry powder outlets are all in the CO reduction atmosphere layer.

[0021] The lance first inlet is outside the top blowing molten pool.

[0022] Further, the fluidized furnace roasting dry powder outlets are conical platform injection ports, and a plurality of uniformly arranged blowing round holes are arranged on the injection cross section of the fluidized furnace roasting dry powder outlets.

[0023] The top blowing lance outlet (13) is provided with a plurality of uniformly arranged blowing round holes in the outlet cross section.

[0024] The utility model discloses still provided the above-mentioned flash and top blowing coupled molten pool smelting tin's method, including the following steps:

[0025] (1) after ore dressing of tin, tin middlings enriched by fuming and powdery tin fume and flux are matched, rich-oxygen air is passed through the first inlet of the lance, dry powder fume is passed through the second inlet of the lance, and smelting is carried out in the top blowing molten pool;

[0026] (2) after smelting is finished, carbonaceous reducing agent is added to the molten pool, and pulverized coal is passed through the third inlet of the lance, and top blowing molten pool smelting reduction is carried out, and CO reduction atmosphere layer is formed on the upper part of the slag layer after reduction 0.3-0.7h;

[0027] (3) dry powder of fluidized bed roasting is sprayed to the upper part of the CO reduction atmosphere layer, and fluidized bed roasting dry powder flash reduction smelting is carried out, and the fluidized bed roasting dry powder that is not smelted completely enters the molten pool to continue top blowing molten pool smelting reduction, and the coupling of flash and top blowing is realized for 0.5-1h, and crude tin is prepared.

[0028] Further, the tin concentrate, the tin middlings enriched by fuming and the powdery tin fume are matched with the flux according to the following percentage, with the mass fraction of 100%: the tin concentrate is 45-60%, the tin middlings enriched by fuming is 5-15%, the powdery tin fume is 20-30%, and the flux is 5-10%;

[0029] The flux is quartz sand and / or limestone.

[0030] Further, the smelting temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, and the smelting time is 1-1.5h.

[0031] Further, the carbonaceous reducing agent is block coal.

[0032] The adding amount of the carbonaceous reducing agent is 4-6.5t / h.

[0033] Further, the third inlet of the top blowing lance is passed through pulverized coal, the back pressure is 0-105kPa, and the flow is 500-600Nm 3 / h.

[0034] The second inlet of the top blowing lance is passed through dry powder fume, the back pressure is 0-100KPa, and the flow is 1200-1800Nm 3 / h.

[0035] The first inlet of the top blowing lance is passed through rich-oxygen air, the back pressure is 0-225KPa, and the flow is 20000-25000Nm 3 / h.

[0036] The top blowing lance's fluidized bed roasting dry powder injection lance inlet injects fluidized bed roasting dry powder, the back pressure is 0-80KPa, and the flow is 1500-2000Nm 3 / h.

[0037] Further, the fluidized bed roasting dry powder particle size in step (3) is 0.18-0.85mm, and the moisture content is 0-0.5%;

[0038] The fluidized bed roasting dry powder injection amount is 10-50% of the tin concentrate mass.

[0039] In the utility model, the way of spraying the fluidized bed roasting dry powder to the upper part of the CO reduction atmosphere layer only needs to shorten the outermost layer of the top blowing lance in the top blowing bath smelting, and the fluidized bed roasting dry powder is injected into the outermost layer of the top blowing lance.

[0040] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is:

[0041] (1) the utility model effectively couples together the bath smelting of flash and top blowing, overcomes the technical prejudice that the flash smelting in the prior art only realizes rapid reaction in high-temperature oxidizing gas flow, and the utility model realizes the rapid reduction reaction of high-temperature CO reducing gas and tin-containing material in high-temperature CO reduction atmosphere layer, and realizes the flash smelting of crude tin smelting process.

[0042] (2) the utility model effectively couples together the bath smelting of flash and top blowing, can reduce about 20% fuel consumption, that is, reduces about 20% energy consumption, and obviously improves the bed capacity.

[0043] (3) the utility model effectively couples together the bath smelting of flash and top blowing, and has the advantages of high automation degree, clean production environment and the like.

[0044] (4) the way of spraying the fluidized bed roasting dry powder to the upper part of the CO reduction atmosphere layer in the flash smelting process of the utility model only needs to shorten the outermost layer of the top blowing lance in the top blowing bath smelting, and the fluidized bed roasting dry powder is injected into the outermost layer of the top blowing lance, and the additional improvement cost is not needed, and the production cost is not obviously increased. DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawing needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description, and obviously, the drawing in the following description is only the embodiment of the utility model, and for the ordinary skilled person in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawing without paying the creative labor.

[0046] Figure 1Is one kind of application equipment diagram of the flash and top blowing coupled molten pool smelting tin of the utility model;

[0047] Figure 2 Is one kind of application of the utility model flash and top blowing coupled molten pool smelting tin of the utility model spray gun schematic diagram;

[0048] In the drawings, the structure list represented by each mark is as follows: 1-top blown molten pool, 2-top blown spray gun;

[0049] 11-feeding port, 12-tail gas collecting port, 13-liquid discharge port, 14-metal melt layer, 15-slag layer, 16-CO reducing atmosphere layer, 21-boiling furnace calcination dry powder spray gun inlet, 22-spray gun third inlet, 23-spray gun second inlet, 24-spray gun first inlet, 25-top blown spray gun outlet, 26-boiling furnace calcination dry powder spray outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below, the examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the utility model, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the utility model.

[0051] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the utility model.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0053] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "link", "connect", "fix" and so on should do the broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or be integrated;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection;Can be directly connected, also can be indirectly connected through the intermediate medium, can be the communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements.For the ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them.Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.The first feature "under", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] A device for smelting tin in a flash and top-blown coupled molten pool, comprising a top-blown molten pool 1 and a top-blown lance 2;

[0057] Wherein, the lower half of the top-blown lance 2 extends into the top-blown molten pool 1;

[0058] The top of the top-blown molten pool 1 is provided with a feeding port 11 and a tail gas collecting port 12;One side of the bottom of the top-blown molten pool 1 is provided with a liquid discharge port 13;

[0059] The upper end of the top-blown lance 2 is sequentially provided with a boiling furnace calcined dry powder lance inlet 21, a lance third inlet 22, a lance second inlet 23 and a lance first inlet 24 from top to bottom;The bottom of the top-blown lance 2 is provided with a top-blown lance outlet 25, and the top-blown lance outlet 25 is provided with a boiling furnace calcined dry powder spray outlet 26 above it.

[0060] In some embodiments, the top-blown molten pool 1 contains a metal melt layer 14, a slag layer 15 and a CO reduction atmosphere layer 16 from bottom to top.

[0061] In another embodiment, the top-blown lance 2 extends into the CO reduction atmosphere layer 16, and the boiling furnace calcined dry powder spray outlet 26 is in the CO reduction atmosphere layer 16;And the height difference between the boiling furnace calcined dry powder spray outlet 26 and the slag layer 15 is 0-500mm.

[0062] The lance first inlet 24 is outside the top-blown molten pool.

[0063] In some embodiments, the dry powder injection port 26 of the fluidized bed roaster is a conical table injection port, and the dry powder injection port 26 is provided with a plurality of uniformly arranged injection holes in the injection cross section;

[0064] The outlet 25 of the top blowing lance is provided with a plurality of uniformly arranged injection holes in the injection cross section.

[0065] Embodiment 2

[0066] A method for flash and top blowing coupled molten pool smelting of tin:

[0067] (1) Tin concentrate (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 55.1%, Fe: 3.5%, Ca: 0.6%, Si: 3.2%, and the rest is O), smelting enriched tin middlings (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 40.5%, Fe: 8.7%, Ca: 1.1%, Si: 2.5%, and the rest is O), and powdered tin dust (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 50.5%, Fe: 0.5%, Ca: 0.8%, Si: 1.6%, and the rest is O) are mixed in a mass percentage ratio of 45%:15%:30%, then ore is prepared in a ratio of 10% with quartz sand and limestone flux, and then placed inside the molten pool from the top of the molten pool through the feeding port 5, and oxygen-enriched air (oxygen content is 32%) is introduced through the first lance inlet 12 of the top blowing lance 1, and dry powder dust is introduced through the second lance inlet, and smelting is carried out at a temperature of 1250°C for 1.5h;

[0068] (2) After the top blowing molten pool smelting is completed, carbon blocks are added through the feeding port 5, and powdered coal is introduced into the third lance inlet 10 of the top blowing lance 1, and top blowing molten pool smelting reduction is carried out for 0.5h, and a CO reduction atmosphere layer is formed on the upper part of the slag layer;

[0069] (3) The fluidized bed roasting dry powder (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 38.5%, Fe: 15.7%, Ca: 1.4%, Si: 4.1%, and the rest is O) is introduced into the fluidized bed roasting dry powder lance inlet 2 of the top blowing lance 1, and the fluidized bed roasting dry powder will be in the CO reduction atmosphere layer, and flash reduction smelting of the fluidized bed roasting dry powder will be carried out, and the fluidized bed roasting dry powder that has not been flash reduction smelted will enter the molten pool to continue reduction in the top blowing molten pool smelting, and the flash and top blowing coupling is realized for 1h, and crude tin is prepared.

[0070] The strengthened reduction smelting can realize a 10-20% increase in processing capacity and a 20% energy saving in the same time.

[0071] Embodiment 3

[0072] A method for flash and top blowing coupled molten pool smelting of tin:

[0073] (1) tin concentrate (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 45.5%, Fe: 13.8%, Ca: 1.6%, Si: 5.5%, and the rest is O), tin middlings enriched by fuming (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 50.2%, Fe: 8.5%, Ca: 1.3%, Si: 1.5%, and the rest is O), and powdered tin fume (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 52.5%, Fe: 3.6%, Ca: 1.0%, Si: 1.2%, and the rest is O) are mixed in a mass percentage ratio of 60:5:30, then quartz sand and limestone flux are added in a ratio of 10:0, and then the mixture is placed in a molten pool from a feeding port 5 at the top of the molten pool, oxygen-enriched air (oxygen content: 35%) is introduced into a first inlet 12 of a top-blowing lance 1, and dry powder fume is introduced into a second inlet of the top-blowing lance, and the smelting is carried out at a temperature of 1250℃ for 1.5h;

[0074] (2) after the top-blowing molten pool smelting is completed, carbon blocks are added through the feeding port 5, and powdered coal is introduced into a third inlet 10 of the top-blowing lance 1, and the top-blowing molten pool smelting reduction is carried out for 0.5h, and a CO reduction atmosphere layer is formed on the upper part of the slag layer;

[0075] (3) dry powder for fluidized bed roasting (including the following mass percentage components: Sn: 40.0%, Fe: 13.0%, Ca: 1.4%, Si: 4.8%, and the rest is O) is introduced into a dry powder for fluidized bed roasting inlet 2 of the top-blowing lance 1, and the dry powder for fluidized bed roasting is subjected to flash reduction smelting in the CO reduction atmosphere layer, and the dry powder for fluidized bed roasting that is not subjected to flash reduction smelting enters the molten pool to continue the reduction in the top-blowing molten pool smelting, and the flash reduction and the top-blowing are coupled for 1h, and the crude tin is prepared.

[0076] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate different embodiments or examples described in the present specification.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for smelting tin in a molten pool using a combination of flash and top blowing, characterized in that, Including top-blown molten pool and top-blown spray gun; The lower half of the top-blown spray gun extends into the top-blown molten pool; The top of the top-blown molten pool is provided with a feed inlet and a tail gas collection outlet; the bottom of the top-blown molten pool is provided with a liquid discharge outlet on one side. The top-blowing spray gun is provided with a fluidized bed roasting dry powder spray gun inlet, a third spray gun inlet, a second spray gun inlet and a first spray gun inlet at the top end from top to bottom; the bottom of the top-blowing spray gun is provided with a top-blowing spray gun outlet, and the fluidized bed roasting dry powder spray gun outlet is provided above the top-blowing spray gun outlet.

2. The apparatus for flash and top-blowing coupled molten pool tin smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top-blown molten pool contains, from bottom to top, a molten metal layer, a slag layer, and a CO reducing atmosphere layer.

3. The apparatus for flash and top-blowing coupled molten pool tin smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top-blown spray gun extends into the CO reducing atmosphere layer, and the dry powder spray outlet of the fluidized bed furnace is located in the CO reducing atmosphere layer. The first inlet of the spray gun is located outside the top-blown molten pool.

4. The apparatus for flash and top-blowing coupled molten pool tin smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The boiling furnace roasting dry powder spray outlet is a conical spray nozzle, and the spray cross section of the boiling furnace roasting dry powder spray outlet is provided with several uniformly arranged spray holes. The nozzle (13) of the top-blowing spray gun has several uniformly arranged spray holes on its spray cross section.

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