Aisle smoke prevention system suitable for closed pressurized building
By installing supply, exhaust, and bypass ducts in a sealed pressurized building, and using controllers or pneumatic control devices to control valves to reverse the flow of positive pressure fresh air, the problem of flue gas entering the corridor is solved, enabling rapid and safe evacuation and reducing implementation costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422880155.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing sealed pressurized buildings fail to effectively prevent smoke from entering corridors during a fire, affecting the safety of people escaping.
In a sealed pressurized building, supply air, exhaust air, and bypass pipes are installed. Valves are controlled by controllers or pneumatic control devices to reverse the flow of positive pressure fresh air to block smoke. Combined with emergency pressure relief exhaust ports and normally closed pneumatic valves, rapid evacuation is achieved.
It effectively blocks smoke from entering the corridor, ensuring the rapid and safe evacuation of personnel, reducing implementation costs, and eliminating the need for additional smoke exhaust ducts.
Smart Images
Figure CN223696669U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to building smoke prevention, specifically relates to a kind of walkway smoke prevention system suitable for airtight pressurized building. BACKGROUND
[0002] The atmospheric pressure in high-altitude area is low, usually only 60% of that in plain area, which is not conducive to long-term residence of personnel. A pressurized building is a kind of airtight building capable of being pressurized and aerated. When applied in high-altitude area, the indoor pressure can reach the level of that in plain area, and through aeration, a comfortable indoor environment can be created, thereby providing long-term residence environment for personnel. However, the existing pressurized building only considers emergency pressure relief in the room, without considering the influence of smoke on walkway during emergency pressure relief: due to the airtightness of the pressurized building, when fire occurs, the door cannot be opened until the pressure inside and outside the building is balanced through emergency pressure relief, and the pressure relief needs a certain period of time. During the pressure relief process, smoke will spread into the walkway, which seriously interferes with the vision of personnel, and the walkway is the escape route that personnel must pass through, which poses a safety hazard. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model aims to provide a kind of walkway smoke prevention system suitable for airtight pressurized building, which can transport positive pressure to the pressurized walkway under fire condition, thereby blocking the invasion of smoke into the pressurized walkway, avoiding harm to personnel evacuating from smoke, and allowing personnel to evacuate quickly without being disturbed by smoke.
[0004] The utility model adopts the technical scheme of:
[0005] A kind of walkway smoke prevention system suitable for airtight pressurized building, comprising air supply ports arranged in pressurized living areas and air exhaust ports arranged in pressurized walkways. A pressurizing device is connected to each air supply port through an air supply pipeline, and each air exhaust port is connected to the outside through an air exhaust pipeline. The air supply pipeline and the air exhaust pipeline are connected to each other through a bypass pipeline. An air supply valve is arranged on the air supply pipeline, an air exhaust valve is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline, and a bypass valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline. The pressurizing device can transport positive pressure to the air exhaust port through the air supply pipeline, the bypass pipeline and the air exhaust pipeline. A fire detector is arranged in the room.
[0006] The above is the basic scheme. Based on the basic scheme, the following two improvements are made:
[0007] The first improvement is to add a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the fire detector, the air supply valve, the air exhaust valve and the bypass valve.
[0008] The second improvement is to arrange an emergency pressure relief air exhaust port in the pressurized living area. The emergency pressure relief air exhaust port is connected to the outside through an emergency pressure relief air exhaust pipeline, and an emergency pressure relief valve is arranged on the emergency pressure relief air exhaust pipeline.
[0009] For the second improved scheme, two optimizations are further carried out:
[0010] Optimization I: Add a controller and make the controller electrically connected with the fire detector, the air supply valve, the air exhaust valve, the bypass valve and the emergency relief valve respectively.
[0011] Optimization II: The bypass valve and each emergency relief valve are both normally closed pneumatic valves, the bypass valve and each emergency relief valve are connected to a gas control device through a gas supply pipe respectively, and the gas control device comprises an air compressor for providing a pressure for maintaining the normally closed state of the pneumatic valve and a pressure relief assembly for relieving pressure to open the pneumatic valve.
[0012] For the optimization II scheme, two extensions are further carried out:
[0013] Extension I: The pressure relief assembly comprises a two-position five-way electromagnetic valve and a gas control angle valve, the air compressor is connected to the inlet side of the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve through a branch with a one-way valve, the outlet side of the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve is connected to the gas control end of the gas control angle valve and the gas supply pipe respectively, the air compressor is connected to the inlet end of the gas control angle valve through a branch with a one-way valve, and the outlet end of the gas control angle valve is connected to the gas supply pipe and the pressure relief end with a manual valve.
[0014] Extension II: Add a controller and make the controller electrically connected with the fire detector, the air supply valve, the air exhaust valve, the bypass valve and the pressure relief assembly respectively.
[0015] Preferred example: The fire detector is a composite smoke and temperature fire detector.
[0016] The utility model discloses the beneficial effects are:
[0017] Under normal circumstances, the air supply valve and the air exhaust valve are opened, and the bypass valve is closed, the pressurizing equipment transports the pressurized fresh air to each air supply port through the air supply pipeline, the air supply valve is used for adjusting the air supply pressure, the turbid air in the room is discharged to the outside through the air exhaust port and the air exhaust pipeline, and the air exhaust valve is used for adjusting the air exhaust pressure;When the fire detector detects that there is a fire in the room, the air supply valve and the air exhaust valve can be closed and the bypass valve can be opened, so that the pressurizing equipment can only transport the pressurized fresh air to the pressurized corridor through the air supply pipeline, the bypass pipeline, the air exhaust pipeline and the air exhaust port in turn in the opposite direction under the action of the air pressure, thereby blocking the smoke from invading the pressurized corridor, avoiding the harm of the smoke to the evacuating personnel, and allowing the personnel to evacuate quickly without the interference of the smoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the walkway smoke prevention system suitable for the closed pressurized building in the first embodiment of the present application.
[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the walkway smoke prevention system suitable for the closed pressurized building in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the walkway smoke prevention system suitable for the closed pressurized building in the third embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the gas control device in the third embodiment of the present application.
[0023] In the figure: 1-equipment room; 2-pressurized room; 3-pressurized walkway; 4-transition room; 5-pressurized equipment; 6-air supply pipeline; 7-air supply valve; 8-air supply port; 9-exhaust port; 10-exhaust valve; 11-exhaust pipeline; 12-fire detector; 13-bypass pipeline; 14-bypass valve; 15-emergency pressure relief exhaust port; 16-emergency pressure relief valve; 17-emergency pressure relief exhaust pipeline; 18-air compressor; 19-pressure relief assembly; 1901-one-way valve; 1902-two-position five-way electromagnetic valve; 1903-gas control angle valve; 1904-hand valve; 20-gas supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0026] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0027] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] This embodiment discloses a smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes air supply outlets 8, exhaust outlets 9, pressurization equipment 5, air supply ducts 6, exhaust ducts 11, air supply valves 7, exhaust valves 10, bypass ducts 13, bypass valves 14, and fire detectors 12; and: air supply outlets 8 are located in the pressurized residential area, pressurization equipment 5 is connected to each air supply outlet 8 through air supply ducts 6, and air supply valves 7 are located on air supply ducts 6; exhaust outlets 9 are located in the pressurized corridor 3, each exhaust outlet 9 is connected to the outside through exhaust ducts 11, and exhaust valves 10 are located on exhaust ducts 11; .... Pipe 13 connects the supply air pipe 6 and the exhaust air pipe 11. A bypass valve 14 is installed on the bypass pipe 13. The booster device 5 can deliver positive pressure to the exhaust outlet 9 through the supply air pipe 6, the bypass pipe 13 and the exhaust air pipe 11. In order to avoid affecting normal operation, the connection point of the bypass pipe 13 on the supply air pipe 6 is at the end of the supply air valve 7 away from the supply air outlet 8, and the connection point on the exhaust air pipe 11 is at the end of the exhaust air valve 10 near the exhaust outlet 9. The fire detector 12 is installed in the boosted residential area.
[0030] Among them, the air supply outlet 8, air exhaust outlet 9, pressurization equipment 5, air supply duct 6, air exhaust duct 11, air supply valve 7 and air exhaust valve 10 are existing installations. The system does not require the addition of new smoke exhaust ducts. By adding bypass duct 13 and bypass valve 14 on the basis of the original structure, the implementation cost is low.
[0031] Under normal circumstances: the supply air valve 7 and the exhaust air valve 10 are open, the bypass valve 14 is closed, the booster equipment 5 delivers pressurized fresh air to the room through the supply air duct 6 and each supply air outlet 8, the supply air valve 7 is used to regulate the supply air pressure, the stale air in the room is discharged to the outside through the exhaust air outlet 9 and the exhaust air duct 11, and the exhaust air valve 10 is used to regulate the exhaust air pressure.
[0032] When the fire detector 12 detects that there is a fire in the room: the supply valve 7 and the exhaust valve 10 can be operated to be closed, and the bypass valve 14 is opened, so that the pressurization device 5 can only pass through the supply duct 6, the bypass duct 13, the exhaust duct 11 and the exhaust port 9 in turn to reversely deliver the pressurized fresh air to the pressurized corridor 3, and under the action of the air pressure, the smoke gas is prevented from invading the pressurized corridor 3, so as to avoid the smoke gas from harming the evacuating personnel, and the personnel can quickly evacuate (generally to the transition room 4 and then to the outside) without being disturbed by the smoke gas.
[0033] In the embodiment, the supply valve 7, the exhaust valve 10 and the bypass valve 14 can be manually controlled; or a controller can be additionally arranged, the controller is preferably a common PLC controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the fire detector 12, the supply valve 7, the exhaust valve 10 and the bypass valve 14, so that when the fire detector 12 detects that there is a fire in the room, the controller controls the supply valve 7 and the exhaust valve 10 to be closed and the bypass valve 14 to be opened according to the feedback, and the corridor smoke prevention is realized.
[0034] In the embodiment, the fire detector 12 is preferably a composite smoke and temperature sensing fire detector 12.
[0035] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , the pressurization device 5, the pneumatic control device and the like are arranged in the equipment room 1, and pressurization is not needed.
[0036] Embodiment Two
[0037] The second corridor smoke prevention system suitable for the closed pressurized building is disclosed in the embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , the improvement based on the first embodiment is that an emergency pressure relief exhaust port 15 is arranged in the pressurized living area, the emergency pressure relief exhaust port 15 is communicated with the outside through an emergency pressure relief exhaust duct 17, and an emergency pressure relief valve 16 is arranged on the emergency pressure relief exhaust duct 17. When the pressurized living area is divided into a plurality of pressurized rooms 2, a sealing door is arranged in each pressurized room 2, when the fire detector 12 detects that there is a fire in the room, the emergency pressure relief valve 16 can be operated to be opened, so that the smoke gas in the pressurized room 2 can be discharged, and the opening of the sealing door of the pressurized room 2 is accelerated.
[0038] Similarly, in this embodiment: the fire detector 12, the air supply valve 7, the air exhaust valve 10, the bypass valve 14 and the emergency relief valve 16 can be selected for pure manual control; or a controller can be added, the controller is preferably a common PLC controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the fire detector 12, the air supply valve 7, the air exhaust valve 10, the bypass valve 14 and the emergency relief valve 16 respectively. When the fire detector 12 detects that there is a fire in the room, the controller controls the air supply valve 7 and the air exhaust valve 10 to close, the bypass valve 14 and the emergency relief valve 16 to open according to the feedback, and at the same time, the corridor smoke prevention, the smoke in the pressurized room 2 is exhausted, and the closing door of the pressurized room 2 is opened.
[0039] Embodiment three
[0040] This embodiment discloses a third corridor smoke prevention system suitable for a sealed pressurized building, as shown in Figure 3 The improvement based on the embodiment two is that the bypass valve 14 and each emergency relief valve 16 are all normally closed pneumatic valves, the bypass valve 14 and each emergency relief valve 16 are connected to a gas control device through a gas supply pipe 20 respectively, and the gas control device includes an air compressor 18 for providing a pressure to maintain the normally closed state of the pneumatic valve and a pressure relief assembly 19 for relieving pressure to open the pneumatic valve. The bypass valve 14 and each emergency relief valve 16 are all normally closed pneumatic valves, and the opening is controlled by the pressure relief assembly 19. When the fire detector 12 detects that there is a fire in the room, only the pressure relief assembly 19 needs to be operated, and the bypass valve 14 and each emergency relief valve 16 can be controlled to open, which improves the operation efficiency.
[0041] Similarly, in this embodiment: the fire detector 12, the air supply valve 7, the air exhaust valve 10, the bypass valve 14, the pressure relief assembly 19 can be selected for pure manual control; or a controller can be added, the controller is preferably a common PLC controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the fire detector 12, the air supply valve 7, the air exhaust valve 10, the bypass valve 14, the pressure relief assembly 19 respectively. When the fire detector 12 detects that there is a fire in the room, the controller controls the air supply valve 7 and the air exhaust valve 10 to close, the pressure relief assembly 19 to open according to the feedback, and at the same time, the bypass valve 14 and each emergency relief valve 16 are opened due to the opening of the pressure relief assembly 19, and the corridor smoke prevention, the smoke in the pressurized room 2 is exhausted, and the closing door of the pressurized room 2 is opened.
[0042] Regarding the pressure relief assembly 19, in this embodiment, preferably: as shown in Figure 4As shown, the pressure relief assembly 19 includes a two-position five-way electromagnetic valve 1902 and a gas control angle valve 1903. The air compressor 18 is connected to the inlet side of the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve 1902 through branch one with a one-way valve 1901. The outlet side of the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve 1902 is connected to the gas supply pipe 20 and the gas control end of the gas control angle valve 1903, respectively. The air compressor 18 is connected to the inlet end of the gas control angle valve 1903 through branch two with a one-way valve 1901. The outlet end of the gas control angle valve 1903 is connected to the gas supply pipe 20, and the pressure relief end is provided with a manual valve 1904. In the normal state, the outlet side of the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve 1902 is connected to the gas supply pipe 20, and the pressure relief end of the gas control angle valve 1903 is closed. The high-pressure air generated by the air compressor 18 enters the gas supply pipe 20 through the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve 1902 and the one-way valve 1901 on branch one, and enters the gas supply pipe 20 through the gas control angle valve 1903 and the one-way valve 1901 on branch two, and finally enters each pneumatic valve. The rubber inner core in the pneumatic valve shrinks under high pressure to maintain a closed state. When each pneumatic valve needs to be opened, the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve 1902 is switched to connect the outlet side of the two-position five-way electromagnetic valve 1902 to the gas control end of the gas control angle valve 1903. At this time, the pressure relief end of the gas control angle valve 1903 is opened, and the gas in the gas supply pipe 20 is discharged through the pressure relief end of the gas control angle valve 1903. The manual valve 1904 is used to adjust the pressure relief rate.
[0043] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings, comprising air supply outlets in pressurized living areas and exhaust outlets in pressurized corridors, wherein pressurization equipment is connected to each air supply outlet via air supply ducts, and each exhaust outlet is connected to the outside via exhaust ducts; characterized in that: The supply air duct and the exhaust air duct are connected by a bypass duct. The supply air duct is equipped with a supply air valve, the exhaust air duct is equipped with an exhaust air valve, and the bypass duct is equipped with a bypass valve. The pressurization equipment can deliver positive pressure to the exhaust outlet through the supply air duct, the bypass duct, and the exhaust air duct. Fire detectors are installed indoors.
2. The smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the fire detector, the supply air valve, the exhaust air valve, and the bypass valve.
3. The smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurized living area is equipped with an emergency pressure relief vent, which is connected to the outside through an emergency pressure relief vent pipe. An emergency pressure relief valve is installed on the emergency pressure relief vent pipe.
4. The smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the fire detector, the supply air valve, the exhaust air valve, the bypass valve, and the emergency pressure relief valve.
5. The smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The bypass valve and each emergency pressure relief valve are all normally closed pneumatic valves. The bypass valve and each emergency pressure relief valve are connected to the pneumatic control device through air supply pipes. The pneumatic control device includes an air compressor for providing the normally closed pressure of the pneumatic valve and a pressure relief component for releasing pressure to open the pneumatic valve.
6. The smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure relief assembly includes a two-position five-way solenoid valve and a pneumatic control angle valve. The air compressor is connected to the inlet side of the two-position five-way solenoid valve through branch one with a check valve. The outlet side of the two-position five-way solenoid valve is connected to the air supply pipe and the pneumatic control end of the pneumatic control angle valve. The air compressor is connected to the inlet end of the pneumatic control angle valve through branch two with a check valve. The outlet end of the pneumatic control angle valve is connected to the air supply pipe, and the pressure relief end has a manual valve.
7. The smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the fire detector, air supply valve, exhaust valve, bypass valve, and pressure relief assembly.
8. The smoke control system for corridors in enclosed pressurized buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fire detectors are composite smoke and heat detectors.