Unpacking equipment for stacked bag-shaped materials
By designing unpacking equipment for stacked bagged materials, and using mechanical grippers and automated devices to achieve automatic unpacking and delivery of materials, the problems of poor production flow and unstable operation have been solved, thereby improving production efficiency and operation quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520011105.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing layer-by-layer unpacking equipment suffers from problems such as disrupted production flow, unstable operation, and uneven stacking of material bags in the food processing, chemical and pharmaceutical, and building materials industries, affecting production stability and operational quality.
Design a stacking bagged material unpacking device that includes a frame, conveyor belt, pallet recycling device, material gripping device, material dropping device, and bag recycling device. The device achieves automatic unpacking and delivery of materials through mechanical grippers, bag cleaning devices, material shaking devices, and bag breaking devices, and realizes pallet recycling by combining lifting frames and telescopic pins.
It achieves compact equipment structure, small footprint, continuous production, convenient material feeding on the conveyor line, high efficiency, reduces physical labor and dust exposure for employees, and improves production stability and operation quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN223703292U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to a production material unpacking and conveying device, in particular to a bagged material unpacking device for stacking. BACKGROUND
[0002] In a warehouse, powdery / granular materials are packed in standard bags (e.g. valve bags, paper-plastic composite bags, etc.) and stacked in layers. When the materials are to be put into production, a warehouse logistics device with high degree of mechanization can be used to extract the bags layer by layer, unpack them, and finally put the materials into the production process. The unpacking device is widely used in the food processing industry, chemical and pharmaceutical industry, and building material industry.
[0003] In the design and use of the unpacking device, the main problems to be solved are the smoothness of the production process and the stability of the operation. The smoothness of the production process is related to the production site and the production object. In the design process, the positions of the device nodes and the conveying mode between them can be designed according to the logistics and pedestrian channel conditions of the site. The stability of the operation is mainly related to the reliability of the device and the specific production object. For the bags stacked in layers, the main factor affecting the stability of the production is the neatness of the bag stacking. Because the mechanical device is relatively "rigid", its adaptability and adjustment capability are far inferior to manual operation. At the same time, in the design process of the unpacking device, the operation quality, such as whether the unloading is complete and whether the bag recovery is convenient, also needs to be considered. SUMMARY
[0004] The present application provides a bagged material unpacking device for stacking to solve the above problems. After the powdery / granular materials are unpacked automatically, they can be sent to the next process by the conveying device, realizing easy unpacking and feeding operation.
[0005] A bagged material unpacking device for stacking includes a rack, a conveying belt connected to the rack, a tray recovery device, a grabbing device, a material dropping device, and a bag recovery device.
[0006] The conveying belt is installed at the bottom of the rack and runs horizontally. A horizontal track is installed at the top of the rack, and the running direction of the conveying belt is perpendicular to the length direction of the track. The feature is that the end point of the conveying belt is below the head of the track.
[0007] The tray recovery device is located at the starting point of the conveying belt. The starting point and the end point of the conveying belt are the feeding positions of the trays loaded with the bags.
[0008] The top of the grabbing device is connected to the track through a walking beam, and the grabbing device walks along the track. The bag recovery device is below the tail of the track, and the material dropping device is below the middle of the track.
[0009] The bottom of the material gripping device has a mechanical gripper for gripping the entire layer of material bags, and a bag cleaning device for removing empty bags in front of the mechanical gripper is installed in front of the mechanical gripper; the mechanical gripper is connected to the traveling truss through a lifting device.
[0010] A screen is installed above the feed inlet of the feeding device, a shaking device is installed above the screen, and a bag breaking device is installed behind the screen.
[0011] The bag cleaning device includes multiple parallel push rods, the top of which is rotatably connected to the body of the material gripping device via a crossbar. The crossbar is horizontal and perpendicular to the length of the track, and is connected to a rotation control device. When the material gripping device is in the forward state, the push rod is vertical, and when the material gripping device is in the backward state, the push rod is horizontal.
[0012] The bag-breaking device includes an electric rotating shaft and disc blades; multiple disc blades are vertically and parallelly connected to the electric rotating shaft, and the rotation axis of the electric rotating shaft passes through the center of each disc blade; the electric rotating shaft is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the track.
[0013] The material shaking device includes shaking rods and shaking cylinders; there are multiple parallel shaking rods, and the shaking rods are "U-shaped"; the shaking rods are parallel to the length direction of the track; the bottom of the two vertical rods of the shaking rods are rotatably connected to a fixed rod, and the two fixed rods are distributed on the front and rear sides of the feed inlet, and the fixed rods are parallel to the rotation axis of the electric rotating shaft; the middle of the front vertical rod of each shaking rod is simultaneously rotatably connected to a pull rod, the pull rod is parallel to the fixed rod, the cylinder body of the shaking cylinder is rotatably connected to the frame corresponding to the end of the pull rod, and the piston rod of the shaking cylinder is rotatably connected to the end of the pull rod;
[0014] The trajectory formed by each push rod as it moves along with the material gripping device passes between adjacent disc blades and adjacent shaking rods.
[0015] Furthermore, the pallet recycling device includes a lifting frame and a support; the support stands on the ground in front of the conveyor belt, and the rear of the lifting frame is movably connected to the support; the lifting frame is above the conveyor belt; the middle position of the lifting frame is empty and corresponds to the outer dimensions of the pallet.
[0016] A set of telescopic pins is installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the lifting frame. The position of the telescopic pins corresponds to the position of the fork hole of the standard pallet. Each telescopic pin is connected to a push-pull electromagnetic switch at the end. Under the control of the push-pull electromagnetic switch, the telescopic pin extends or retracts. In the retracted state, the telescopic pin retracts into the lifting frame. In the extended state, the telescopic pin extends to the middle position of the lifting frame.
[0017] Pallet recycling devices can also use commercially available palletizing machines.
[0018] Furthermore, support rollers are connected to the rear of the bag-breaking device; there are multiple parallel support rollers, which are parallel to the electric rotating shaft; the height of each support roller increases from back to front, with the top of the foremost roller higher than the bottom of the disc blade. This structure supports the gripped material bag in advance, ensuring the bag is stable before breaking, thus avoiding poor bag breaking.
[0019] Furthermore, anti-collision blocks are installed on the frame at the front end of the track to prevent the material gripping device from falling.
[0020] Furthermore, outer casings are installed at the corresponding locations of the material unloading device and bag recycling device on the frame to prevent dust from being generated.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the main beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0022] 1. This utility model has a compact structure and occupies a small area.
[0023] 2. Seamlessly connects with upstream and downstream equipment to achieve continuous production.
[0024] 3. Configurable conveyor lines make loading more convenient.
[0025] 4. High efficiency, reducing physical labor for employees.
[0026] 5. Less dust, reducing occupational diseases among employees. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the machine in this embodiment (the outer casing is omitted for clarity).
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding device in this embodiment;
[0029] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram (three-dimensional view) of the material handling device in this embodiment.
[0030] Figure 3b A schematic diagram of the gripping unit structure of the material gripping device (top view);
[0031] Figure 3c This is a schematic diagram (front view) of the material handling device in this embodiment.
[0032] Figure 3d For this Figure 3c A diagram showing the view from the right.
[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pallet recycling device;
[0034] Figure 5The schematic diagram of the structure principle of the telescopic pin part (the radial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the horizontal support rod 22 on the left and right sides of the lifting frame);
[0035] In the figure: rack 1, conveying belt 2, tray recycling device 3, grabbing device 4, material dropping device 5, bag recycling device location 6, track 7, material bag loaded tray feeding location 8, anti-collision block 9, screen 10, electric rotating shaft 11, disc blade 12, supporting roller 13, material shaking rod 14, material shaking cylinder 15, fixed rod 16, pulling rod 17, lifting frame 18, support 19, telescopic pin 20, push-pull electromagnetic switch 21, horizontal support rod 22;
[0036] Mechanical frame body 201, claw hook 202, rotating shaft 203, elastic pad 204, swing hand 205, connecting rod 206, claw hook execution cylinder 207, push rod 208, crossbar 209, push-pull cylinder 210, protruding block 211, walking truss 212, walking wheel 213, scissor-type elevator 214, protective grating 215. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The bag unpacking device will be described below in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 A bag unpacking device for stacking bagged materials, comprising a rack 1, and a conveying belt 2, a tray recycling device 3, a grabbing device 4, a material dropping device 5, and a bag recycling device (the bag recycling device can use a commercially available product, such as a waste bag collector, which is installed at the bag recycling device location 6) connected to the rack;
[0039] The conveying belt 2 is installed horizontally at the bottom of the rack 1, and a horizontal track 7 is installed at the top of the rack 1, with the conveying belt running in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the track; the end point of the conveying belt is below the head of the track;
[0040] The tray recycling device 3 is located at the starting point of the conveying belt; the feeding location 8 of the tray loaded with bagged materials is between the starting point and the end point of the conveying belt;
[0041] The top of the grabbing device 4 is connected to the track through the walking truss 212, and the grabbing device walks along the track; the bag recycling device is below the tail of the track, and the material dropping device 5 is below the middle of the track;
[0042] The bottom of the grabbing device has a mechanical gripper for grabbing a whole layer of bagged materials, and a bag cleaning device for cleaning the front empty bags is installed in front of the mechanical gripper; the mechanical gripper is connected to the walking truss 212 through a lifting device.
[0043] An anti-collision block 9 is installed on the rack at the front end (i.e., the tail) of the track. An outer shell is installed at the corresponding position of the material dropping device and the bag recycling device on the rack.
[0044] Further referring to Figure 2 , the upper part of the feeding port of the blanking device is provided with a screen, the upper part of the screen is provided with a shaking device, and the rear part of the screen is provided with a bag breaking device.
[0045] The bag breaking device comprises an electric rotating shaft and disc blades; a plurality of disc blades are connected to the electric rotating shaft in vertical parallel, and the rotating axis of the electric rotating shaft passes through the center of each disc blade; the electric rotating shaft is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the track. A plurality of supporting rollers are connected to the rear part of the bag breaking device; the supporting rollers are parallel to the electric rotating shaft; the height of each supporting roller increases in the order from rear to front, and the top of the frontmost roller is higher than the bottom of the disc blade.
[0046] The shaking device comprises shaking rods and shaking cylinders; the shaking rods are parallel to each other, and the shaking rods are in the shape of "door"; the shaking rods are parallel to the length direction of the track; the bottom of the two vertical rods of the shaking rods is respectively rotationally connected to a fixed rod, the two fixed rods are distributed on the left and right sides of the feeding port, the fixed rods are parallel to the rotating axis of the electric rotating shaft; the middle part of the vertical rod of the front part of each shaking rod is simultaneously rotationally connected to a pulling rod, the pulling rod is parallel to the fixed rod, the cylinder body of the shaking cylinder is rotationally connected to the corresponding rack at the end of the pulling rod, and the piston rod of the shaking cylinder is rotationally connected to the end of the pulling rod.
[0047] Further referring to Figures 3a-3d , the grabbing device of the embodiment comprises a grabbing unit and a transfer unit.
[0048] The transfer unit comprises a walking mechanism and a lifting mechanism; further referring to Figure 3a , Figure 3c and Figure 3d , the walking mechanism comprises the aforementioned walking truss 212 and walking wheels 213 installed on the left and right sides of the walking truss, and the walking wheels can be driven by a motor; the lifting mechanism is connected below the walking truss, and the mechanical hand frame body is connected below the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism is an electric scissor-type lifter 214. The grabbing unit is connected below the transfer unit (i.e. the walking truss).
[0049] The grabbing unit is a mechanical gripper, which comprises a mechanical hand frame body 201, a claw hook 202, a rotating shaft 203, and a rotating shaft driving device;
[0050] The claw hook has a plurality of pairs; in any pair of claw hooks: they are in a mirror image structure, and the hook tips of the two are opposite to each other, and the two claw hooks 202 are respectively connected to two adjacent rotating shafts 203, and the two pairs of rotating shafts are connected to the rotating shaft driving device. Under the driving of the rotating shaft, the hook tips of the two claw hooks are away from or close to each other, and the area between the two claw hooks is the grabbing area;
[0051] The elastic pad 4 is detachably mounted between the tail of the claw hook and the rotating shaft. The elastic pad can be made of rubber.
[0052] The pairs of rotating shafts 203 are parallel to each other and are connected to the mechanical arm body 1 at both ends (through bearing devices), and all the rotating shafts have the same action rhythm.
[0053] Further referring to Figure 3a and Figure 3b , the connection structure between the rotating shaft driving device and any pair of rotating shafts is that the top of the rotating shaft has a protrusion (also called swing hand 205); the protrusions of the two rotating shafts are respectively rotatably connected to a connecting rod 206; the rotating axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the rotating axis of the protrusion, and the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the connecting rod; the rotating shaft driving device is connected to and pushes and pulls the connecting rod, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate.
[0054] One connecting rod connects one rotating shaft in each pair, and the other connecting rod connects the other rotating shaft in each pair.
[0055] A plurality of parallel protective grilles 215 are connected to the mechanical arm body, and when the claw hook is in the retracted state, it is above the grilles.
[0056] In this example, the rotating shaft driving device includes two claw hook execution cylinders 207, which are mounted on the mechanical arm body; the piston rods of the two claw hook execution cylinders are opposite to each other, and the piston rods are respectively connected to a connecting rod 206.
[0057] Further referring to Figure 3c and Figure 3d , a bag cleaning device is connected to the front side of the mechanical arm body 201; the bag cleaning device includes a plurality of parallel push rods 208, the top of the push rod is connected to the same horizontal rod 209, and the two ends of the horizontal rod are rotatably connected to the body of the grabbing device (specifically the mechanical arm body 201), the rotating axis of the horizontal rod is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the rotating shaft (the horizontal rod is horizontal, perpendicular to the length direction of the track, and perpendicular to the length direction of the track); the rotating angle of the horizontal rod is 90 degrees, and in the normal state, the push rod is vertically downward, and after the horizontal rod is rotated by 90 degrees, the push rod is horizontally toward the front of the mechanical arm body; in the advancing state of the grabbing device, the push rod is vertical, and in the retreating state of the grabbing device, the push rod is horizontal.
[0058] The rotating control device connected to the horizontal rod is a push-pull cylinder 210, the shell of the push-pull cylinder is rotatably connected to the mechanical arm body 201, and the piston rod of the push-pull cylinder is rotatably connected to the protrusion 211 on the horizontal rod.
[0059] The trajectories of the push rods along with the grabbing device pass through between the adjacent disc knives and the adjacent shaking rods.
[0060] Further referring to Figure 4The tray recycling device comprises a lifting frame 18 and a support 19; the support stands on the ground in front of the conveying belt, and the rear part of the lifting frame is connected to the support in a liftable manner; the lifting frame is above the conveying belt; the middle part of the lifting frame is empty and corresponds to the outer dimensions of the tray;
[0061] With reference to Figure 5 A group of telescopic pins 20 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom of the lifting frame (i.e. the horizontal support rods 22), and the positions of the telescopic pins correspond to the fork hole positions of the standard tray; the end of each telescopic pin is connected to a push-pull electromagnetic switch 21, and under the drive of the push-pull electromagnetic switch, the telescopic pin is extended or retracted; in the retracted state, the telescopic pin is retracted into the lifting frame, and in the extended state, the telescopic pin is extended to the middle part of the lifting frame.
[0062] With reference to Figure 1 The working process of the device is as follows:
[0063] The whole layer of material stacked on the tray is transported by the forklift to the position where the bag recycling device is located (i.e. the full stack conveying device).
[0064] The material is conveyed by the conveying belt (to the right) to the designated position (i.e. below the grabbing device), and the grabbing device is lowered by the scissor-type lifter.
[0065] The grabbing device grabs the material, and then rises to the top.
[0066] The grabbing device carries the whole layer of material bag along the track to the material dropping device.
[0067] The bag is broken by the rotation of the disc blade.
[0068] Then the material is emptied by shaking the shaking rod driven by the shaking cylinder, so that the material falls into the feed inlet of the material dropping device.
[0069] Then the grabbing device releases the claw hook and returns to the starting position for the next round of work.
[0070] During the second round of work, since there is an empty bag on the shaking rod from the previous time, the push rod is first lowered, and as the grabbing device advances, the push rod pushes the empty bag into the bag recycling device. Then the push rod is lifted, and the grabbing device returns to the starting position. During the last operation, the grabbing device needs to repeat the process of pushing the empty bag by the push rod, and push the empty bag of this time into the bag recycling device.
[0071] When all the material bags on the full stack conveying device 6 are broken, the empty tray 25 is conveyed by the conveying belt (to the left) to the tray recycling device stacking machine 1 and completes the collection and stacking. At this time, the telescopic pins are retracted, the lifting frame is lowered, the telescopic pins support the empty tray, the lifting frame is lifted, and the position for the next empty tray is left.
[0072] When the next empty tray comes, the lift puts the previous empty tray on the current empty tray, the telescopic pin retracts, the lift continues to fall, the telescopic pin extends to support the current empty tray, and the lift rises, and the two empty trays are lifted.
Claims
1. A bagged material palletizing and unpacking apparatus, comprising a frame, a conveyor belt, a tray recycling device, a grabbing device, a material dropping device and a bag recycling device connected to the frame; the conveyor belt is installed horizontally at the bottom of the frame, a horizontal track is installed at the top of the frame, and the running direction of the conveyor belt is perpendicular to the length direction of the track; characterized in that the end of the track is below the end of the conveyor belt; the tray recycling device is located at the start of the conveyor belt; the start and the end of the conveyor belt are the feeding position of the tray loaded with the material bags; the top of the grabbing device is connected to the track through a walking beam, and the grabbing device walks along the track; the bag recycling device is below the end of the track, and the material dropping device is below the middle of the track; the bottom of the grabbing device is provided with a mechanical gripper for grabbing the whole layer of material bags, and a bag cleaning device is installed in front of the mechanical gripper for cleaning the empty bags in front; the mechanical gripper is connected to the walking beam through a lifting device; the feeding port of the material dropping device is provided with a screen, the screen is provided with a shaking device above, and the screen is provided with a bag breaking device behind; the bag cleaning device comprises a plurality of parallel push rods, the top of the push rod is rotatably connected to the body of the grabbing device through a crossbar; the crossbar is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the track, and the crossbar is connected to a rotation control device; in the advancing state of the grabbing device, the push rod is vertical, and in the retreating state of the grabbing device, the push rod is horizontal; the bag breaking device comprises an electric rotating shaft and disc blades; a plurality of disc blades are connected to the electric rotating shaft in vertical parallel, and the rotation axis of the electric rotating shaft passes through the center of each disc blade; the electric rotating shaft is horizontal and perpendicular to the length direction of the track; the shaking device comprises a shaking rod and a shaking cylinder; the shaking rod has a plurality of parallel rods, and the shaking rod is "door-shaped"; the shaking rod is parallel to the length direction of the track; the bottom of the two vertical rods of the shaking rod is rotatably connected to a fixed rod respectively, the two fixed rods are distributed on the front and back of the feeding port, the fixed rod is parallel to the rotation axis of the electric rotating shaft; the middle of the vertical rod of each shaking rod is rotatably connected to a pulling rod, the pulling rod is parallel to the fixed rod, the cylinder body of the shaking cylinder is rotatably connected to the corresponding frame at the end of the pulling rod, and the piston rod of the shaking cylinder is rotatably connected to the end of the pulling rod; the trajectory of each push rod formed by walking with the grabbing device passes between the adjacent disc blades and the adjacent shaking rods. The tray recycling device comprises a lifting frame and a support; the support stands on the ground in front of the conveyor belt, and the rear of the lifting frame is connected to the support in a lifting manner; the lifting frame is above the conveyor belt; the middle of the lifting frame is empty and corresponds to the size of the tray; a set of telescopic pins is installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the lifting frame respectively, and the positions of the telescopic pins correspond to the fork hole positions of the standard tray; the end of each telescopic pin is connected to a push-pull electromagnetic switch, and under the control of the push-pull electromagnetic switch, the telescopic pin is extended or retracted; in the retracted state, the telescopic pin is retracted into the lifting frame, and in the extended state, the telescopic pin is extended to the middle position of the lifting frame. 2. The apparatus for debagging of bagged material in stacks according to claim 1, characterized in that 3. The apparatus for debaling bagged material according to claim 1, wherein Support rollers are connected behind the bag breaking device; the support rollers are parallel to each other and to the electric rotating shaft; the height of each support roller increases in order from back to front, and the top of the frontmost roller is higher than the bottom of the disc blade.
4. The apparatus for debaling bagged material according to claim 1, wherein An anti-collision block is installed on the front end of the track.
5. The apparatus for debaling bagged material according to claim 1, wherein An outer shell is installed at the corresponding position of the material falling device and the bag recycling device of the frame.