Buried pipeline settlement monitoring device based on sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device, which belongs to the technical field of buried pipeline settlement monitoring, and comprises a sensor, a guide pipe, a settlement mark and a protective cover, the bottom of the guide pipe is vertically fixed on the buried pipeline, the top of the guide pipe is flush with the earth surface, a settlement mark is axially fixed in the guide pipe and comprises a cylinder located at the upper end and a displacement sensor located at the lower end, the upper end face of the cylinder is higher than the earth surface, and the detection end of the displacement sensor is in contact with the buried pipeline; the protective cover comprises a cover body fixed to the ground surface and a movable cover hinged to the cover body, a positioning assembly is arranged in the cover body, and the part, higher than the ground surface, of the column body is fixedly inserted into a positioning hole of the positioning assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of buried pipeline settlement monitoring technology, specifically relating to a sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] The Loess Plateau region has unique geological conditions. The loess layer is loose, porous, and easily weathered, with high water solubility and compressibility. These factors make underground pipelines prone to settlement and deformation in this region. Since underground pipelines are mostly buried directly, if settlement occurs and is not detected and addressed in a timely manner, it can sometimes lead to pipeline breakage, leaks, or other serious problems. Therefore, monitoring pipeline settlement is crucial for ensuring pipeline safety.

[0003] Currently, there are two commonly used methods for monitoring pipeline settlement: one is to indirectly infer pipeline deformation by monitoring the settlement of the surrounding ground surface, and the other is to monitor ground settlement and calculate pipeline deformation by burying deep measuring points. However, both of these methods have certain limitations in the application of the Loess Plateau region. First, the soil moisture in the Loess Plateau region varies greatly, and the compressibility and expansibility of the soil are affected by various factors such as climate, temperature, and humidity. The relationship between surface settlement and pipeline settlement is complex, and traditional surface settlement monitoring methods cannot accurately reflect the actual deformation of the pipeline, resulting in large errors in the monitoring results. Second, traditional deep measuring point monitoring can only obtain soil settlement data and cannot directly measure pipeline deformation. Furthermore, the relationship between settlement of different soil layers and pipeline deformation is affected by various factors, leading to low reliability of the monitoring results.

[0004] Currently, there are reports of monitoring underground pipeline settlement in a direct, realistic, and continuous manner. However, this typically requires drilling and burying measuring points, as exemplified by the utility model patent "Underground Pipeline Settlement Monitoring Device" (application number 201920462520.2). In this device, the lower end of a guide tube is open to guide the underground pipeline, while the upper end is open to or below the ground surface. A settlement marker is installed inside the guide tube, with its lower part contacting the underground pipeline. The marker mainly consists of a rod and a cone fixed at the lower end of the rod. The tip of the cone makes point contact with the underground pipeline, effectively reflecting the settlement status of the underground pipeline. However, in the Loess Plateau region, the soil is loose and moisture fluctuates greatly, making underground pipelines prone to settlement and deformation. Using this utility model patent would be susceptible to external interference during installation, inevitably leading to measurement point positioning errors. This could result in poor stability and timeliness of the monitoring points, thus affecting the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device. It combines the form of a marker following the rod with the precise measurement of a displacement sensor, which can achieve more accurate settlement measurement. The design of the protective cover and positioning components can ensure that the sensor remains vertical and stable during operation, thus solving the shortcomings of existing pipeline settlement monitoring technologies in terms of stability, real-time performance, and reliability.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device includes a sensor, a guide pipe, a settlement marker, and a protective cover;

[0008] The bottom of the guide tube is vertically fixed to the buried pipeline, the top of the guide tube is flush with the ground surface, and a settlement marker is axially fixed in the guide tube. The settlement marker includes a column at the upper end and a displacement sensor at the lower end. The upper end of the column is higher than the ground surface, and the detection end of the displacement sensor is in contact with the buried pipeline.

[0009] The protective cover includes a cover body fixed to the ground surface and a movable cover hinged to the cover body. A positioning component is arranged in the cover body, and the part of the column that protrudes above the ground surface is fixedly inserted into the positioning hole of the positioning component.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting platform is fixed to the lower end of the column, the lower end face of the column is located at the center of the upper surface of the connecting platform, and a displacement sensor is fixed in the connecting platform.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the column is fixed to the upper end face of the connecting platform by welding. The lower end face of the connecting platform is provided with a first threaded hole from bottom to top. The end of the displacement sensor away from the detection end is provided with an external thread. The displacement sensor is installed in the first threaded hole by means of the thread.

[0012] Preferably, the first threaded hole is located at the center of the connecting platform.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor whose detection ends are in contact with the buried pipeline. The lower end face of the connecting platform is also provided with a second threaded hole and a third threaded hole from bottom to top. The ends of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor away from the detection end are both provided with external threads. The temperature sensor is installed in the second threaded hole by means of threads, and the humidity sensor is installed in the third threaded hole by means of threads.

[0014] The centers of the first threaded hole, the second threaded hole, and the third threaded hole form an equilateral triangle, and the center of the equilateral triangle coincides with the center of the connecting platform.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a stress sensor, the detection ends of which are in contact with the buried pipeline. The lower end face of the connecting platform is also provided with a second threaded hole, a third threaded hole, and a fourth threaded hole from bottom to top. The ends of the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and stress sensor away from the detection end are all provided with external threads. The temperature sensor is installed in the second threaded hole by means of threads, the humidity sensor is installed in the third threaded hole by means of threads, and the stress sensor is installed in the fourth threaded hole by means of threads.

[0016] The centers of the first threaded hole, the second threaded hole, the third threaded hole, and the fourth threaded hole form a square, and the center of the square coincides with the center of the connecting platform.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes several positioning sleeves spaced vertically at the central axis of the guide tube, with the column passing through the through holes in all the positioning sleeves and slidingly engaging with the through holes, and each positioning sleeve being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide tube by a support rod that spreads outward along its own radial direction.

[0018] Preferably, the positioning sleeves are evenly distributed along the central axis of the guide tube.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a support ring, which is fixed on the ground surface. The cover is a cylindrical tube with openings at both the top and bottom. The inner diameter of the support ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the cover, and the outer diameter of the support ring is equal to the outer diameter of the cover. The cover is fixed to the upper surface of the support ring after being aligned with the outer edge of the support ring, and the positioning component is attached to the support ring.

[0020] Preferably, the positioning component includes a positioning post and two positioning strips fixed on both sides of the positioning post and distributed along the diameter direction. The center of the support ring coincides with the central axis of the guide tube. The bottom of the positioning post is in contact with the ground surface and is distributed at the center of the support ring. A crossbar is fixed at the end of each positioning strip. The crossbar and the corresponding positioning strip form a T-shaped structure. The end of each positioning strip and the corresponding crossbar overlap on the support ring. The outer side of the crossbar is pressed against the inner side of the cover.

[0021] The portion of the column that extends above the ground surface is fixedly inserted into the positioning hole of the positioning column.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] This invention discloses a sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device. A settlement marker is placed within an observation trench formed by boreholes in the original soil layer. A column is installed within the trench, and a displacement sensor is installed below the column, contacting the buried pipeline. This allows for more accurate collection of settlement data around the pipeline. The design of the protective cover and positioning components at the top of the settlement marker ensures that the displacement sensor and column remain vertical and stable during operation. The protective cover not only effectively protects the sensor from external environmental interference but also facilitates user installation and maintenance. The displacement sensor provides support for determining the specific condition of the pipeline, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data and reflecting the true state of pipeline settlement. The marker moves with the pipeline settlement, providing a relatively large displacement measurement, suitable for coarse settlement detection. The displacement sensor installed at the lower end accurately detects the actual settlement of the pipeline, providing precise measurements even with minute displacement changes, making settlement monitoring more accurate and avoiding errors caused by uneven marker movement or external interference. This device is suitable for various complex geological environments, especially under special geological conditions such as the Loess Plateau, and has broad application prospects. The buried pipeline settlement monitoring device is installed at fixed intervals, with multiple sensors arranged at the same depth. This allows for monitoring of pipeline settlement at multiple levels and locations, avoiding the problem of insufficient monitoring depth in traditional methods. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the settlement monitoring device described in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the settlement monitoring device described in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover.

[0028] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the first type of sensor module distribution provided by this utility model.

[0029] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the second type of sensor module provided by this utility model.

[0030] Figure 4c This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the third type of sensor module provided by this utility model.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-protective cover, 11-movable cover, 12-crossbar, 13-positioning strip, 14-support ring, 15-positioning hole, 16-cover body, 2-settlement marker, 21-column, 22-sensor module, 221-displacement sensor, 222-temperature sensor, 223-humidity sensor, 224-stress sensor, 3-guide tube, 4-positioning sleeve, 5-support rod, 6-connecting platform, 7-buried pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this utility model are for illustrative purposes only. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this utility model have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terminology used in this utility model specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the utility model.

[0034] This utility model provides a sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device, see [link to related document]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It mainly includes sensor module 22, guide tube 3, settlement marker 2 and protective cover 1.

[0035] The guide pipe 3 is installed in the observation trench formed by the borehole in the original soil layer. The observation trench is set perpendicular to the buried pipeline 7 and its position is fixed, so that the bottom of the guide pipe 3 is vertically fixed to the buried pipeline 7. The top of the guide pipe 3 is flush with the ground surface. A settlement marker 2 is axially fixed in the guide pipe 3 by a limiting structure. The settlement marker 2 includes a column 21 at the upper end and a sensor module at the lower end. The upper end of the column 21 is higher than the ground surface. The detection end of the sensor in the sensor module 22 is in direct contact with the buried pipeline 7. A cuboid connecting platform 6 is fixed at the lower end of the column 21. The lower end of the column 21 is located at the center of the upper surface of the connecting platform 6. The sensor module 22 is fixed in the connecting platform 6. The protective cover 1 is installed on the upper end of the settlement marker 2, located at the top of the observation trench. It includes a cover body 16 fixed on the ground surface and a movable cover 11 hinged to the upper end face of the cover body 16. The movable cover 11 can be opened or closed by the user to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the sensor module 22. A positioning component is arranged in the cover body 16, and the part of the column 21 that protrudes above the ground surface is fixedly inserted into the positioning hole of the positioning component.

[0036] In some embodiments, the guide tube 3 may be composed of two pipe sections fixedly joined together. The limiting structure includes positioning sleeves 4 and support rods 5. There are several positioning sleeves 4, which are fixed at the central axis of the guide tube 3, spaced vertically and evenly distributed. The column 21 passes through the through holes in all the positioning sleeves 4 and slides in fit with the through holes, facilitating the settlement sliding of the settlement marker 2 within the guide tube 3. Each positioning sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide tube 3 by the support rod 5, which extends radially outward, to achieve the fixed installation of the guide sleeve 4. The positioning sleeves 4 and support rods 5 ensure a stable connection between the settlement marker 2 and the guide tube 3, enabling the settlement monitoring device to operate stably, ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results, and preventing external interference.

[0037] The lower end of column 21 is fixed to the upper surface of connecting platform 6 by welding. The sensor module has three specific arrangement methods, as follows: Figure 4a , Figure 4b and Figure 4c As shown, Figure 4a The connection platform 6 has a first threaded hole on its lower end face from bottom to top. The end of the displacement sensor 221 away from the detection end has an external thread, and the displacement sensor 221 is installed in the first threaded hole by means of the thread. The first threaded hole is located at the center of the connection platform 6.

[0038] Figure 4b The system also includes a temperature sensor 222 and a humidity sensor 223, both of which have their detection ends in contact with the buried pipeline 7. The lower end face of the connecting platform 6 is provided with a second and a third threaded hole from bottom to top. The ends of the temperature sensor 222 and the humidity sensor 223 away from the detection end are provided with external threads. The temperature sensor 222 is installed in the second threaded hole by means of threads, and similarly, the humidity sensor 223 is installed in the third threaded hole by means of threads. The centers of the first, second and third threaded holes form an equilateral triangle, and the center of the equilateral triangle coincides with the center of the connecting platform 6.

[0039] Figure 4c The system also includes a temperature sensor 222, a humidity sensor 223, and a stress sensor 224, all of which have their detection ends in contact with the buried pipeline 7. The lower end face of the connecting platform 6 is provided with a second, third, and fourth threaded hole from bottom to top. The ends of the temperature sensor 222, humidity sensor 223, and stress sensor 224 away from the detection end are all provided with external threads. The temperature sensor 222 is installed in the second threaded hole by means of a thread, the humidity sensor 223 is installed in the third threaded hole by means of a thread, and the stress sensor 224 is installed in the fourth threaded hole by means of a thread. The centers of the first, second, third, and fourth threaded holes form a square, and the center of this square coincides with the center of the connecting platform 6.

[0040] Each sensor is installed onto the connector 6 via tightened threads, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the sensor module. The threaded design of the sensors makes the installation process more convenient and quick, while ensuring a fixed connection between the sensor and the column 21, effectively preventing loosening or positional displacement caused by external factors during operation. The sensor module 22 is used to monitor pipeline settlement, stress, temperature, and humidity.

[0041] Displacement sensors are used to more accurately monitor settlement near pipelines and precisely determine the specific value of pipeline settlement. Therefore, a rod-following method is used to roughly measure the displacement changes of buried pipelines. Other sensors help to assess specific changes in the surrounding environment (such as pipeline stress, temperature fluctuations, and humidity changes). Stress sensors monitor the stress on the pipeline, temperature sensors identify the impact of temperature changes on pipeline settlement, and humidity sensors monitor the potential impact of soil moisture changes on the pipeline. Through this data, pipeline settlement can be predicted and assessed more accurately, ensuring more accurate and reliable monitoring data. For example, if a temperature sensor detects a sudden and significant temperature change over a period of time, it may indicate pipeline damage, leading to leaks or other abnormalities.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the protective cover 1 also includes a support ring 14, which is fixed to the ground. The cover body 16 is a cylindrical tube with openings at both the top and bottom. The inner diameter of the cover body 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the support ring 14, and the outer diameter of the support ring 14 is equal to the outer diameter of the cover body 16. After the outer edges of the cover body 16 and the support ring 14 are aligned, the cover body 16 is fixed to the upper surface of the support ring 14, and the positioning component is attached to the support ring 14. The positioning assembly specifically includes a positioning post and two positioning strips 13 fixed on both sides of the positioning post and distributed along the diameter direction. The center of the support ring 14 coincides with the central axis of the guide tube 3. The bottom of the positioning post is in contact with the ground surface while ensuring that it is distributed in the center of the support ring 14. A crossbar 12 is fixed to the end of each positioning strip 13. The crossbar 12 and the corresponding positioning strip 13 form a T-shaped structure. The end of each positioning strip 13 and the corresponding crossbar 12 overlap on the support ring 14. The outer side of the crossbar 12 is pressed against the inner side of the cover 16. The part of the column 21 that protrudes above the ground surface is fixedly inserted into the positioning hole 15 of the positioning post to ensure that the sensor module 22 and the column 21 remain stable during installation. The sensor module 22 remains vertical and stable during operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0043] The installation process of this sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device is as follows:

[0044] Step 1: Fix the two pipe sections together to form a guide pipe 3 and place it into the observation slot. Confirm the arrangement of the sensor module 22 as needed and install it into the connecting platform 6 according to the design requirements. Then install the column 21 at the center of the upper surface of the connecting platform 6 and place it into the observation slot so that the detection end of the sensor is in direct contact with the buried pipeline 7.

[0045] Step 2: Assemble the positioning sleeve 4 and support rod 5 in the guide tube 3. All through holes in the positioning sleeve 4 pass through the column 21. Install the protective cover 1. Then install the positioning component in the cover 16. Ensure that the cover 16 and the column 21 are stably connected through the positioning hole 15 of the positioning column to prevent deviation during installation.

[0046] Step 3: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the installed device to confirm that all components are correctly installed and can function smoothly.

[0047] Specifically, the buried pipeline settlement monitoring disclosed in this utility model involves setting up multiple monitoring points along the length of the underground pipeline to be monitored, and the settlement marker 2 is in contact with the buried pipeline 7, thereby effectively reflecting the settlement status and data of the underground pipeline, ensuring the sensitivity of settlement monitoring and the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0048] The sensor installation method and number provided by this utility model offer high flexibility, allowing selection and adjustment based on actual monitoring needs and environmental conditions. The required sensor type and quantity can vary depending on the specific requirements of pipeline settlement monitoring. Therefore, the number and type of sensors can be flexibly configured according to actual conditions during installation. For example, in areas with relatively simple environmental conditions, such as the North China Plain in China, where the terrain is flat and the groundwater level is relatively low, only displacement sensors need to be installed if monitoring pipeline settlement is required. If soil moisture varies significantly in the area, or if more precise settlement monitoring is needed, humidity and temperature sensors can be added. In arid or semi-arid regions of Northwest China, where soil moisture is significantly affected by seasonal rainfall (increasing briefly during the rainy season and decreasing rapidly during the dry season), one displacement sensor, one humidity sensor, and one temperature sensor are required. In complex environments, such as areas with unstable geological conditions, one displacement sensor, one stress sensor, one temperature sensor, and one humidity sensor need to be installed simultaneously, as in the mountainous areas of Southwest China, to comprehensively acquire real-time data on the environment surrounding the pipeline, ensuring the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring data. By flexibly selecting the number and type of sensors, users can meet the settlement monitoring needs of different watersheds, soil conditions, and environments. In summary, the flexibility in the sensor installation method and the number of sensors in this device can meet the requirements of different geological environments and monitoring needs. Users can select and configure sensors according to the specific circumstances of pipeline settlement monitoring.

[0049] Through the above implementation methods, the buried pipeline settlement monitoring device provided by this utility model can operate stably, monitor the settlement of the pipeline in real time, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. It is particularly suitable for pipeline safety monitoring under special geological conditions such as the Loess Plateau.

Claims

1. A sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of buried pipeline settlement monitoring devices, including sensor, guide pipe (3), settlement mark (2) and protective cover (1); The bottom of the guide pipe (3) is vertically fixed on the buried pipeline (7), the top of the guide pipe (3) is flush with the ground, and the guide pipe (3) has the settlement mark (2) fixed axially therein, the settlement mark (2) includes a cylinder (21) at the upper end and a displacement sensor (221) at the lower end, the upper end surface of the cylinder (21) is higher than the ground, and the detection end of the displacement sensor (221) is in contact with the buried pipeline (7). The protective cover (1) includes a cover body (16) fixed on the ground and a movable cover (11) hinged to the cover body (16), and the cover body (16) has a positioning assembly arranged therein, and the part of the cylinder (21) protruding above the ground is fixedly inserted into the positioning hole of the positioning assembly.

2. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The lower end of the cylinder (21) is fixed with a connecting table (6), and the lower end surface of the cylinder (21) is located at the center of the upper surface of the connecting table (6), and the connecting table (6) is fixed with the displacement sensor (221).

3. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The lower end of the cylinder (21) is fixed on the upper end surface of the connecting table (6) by welding, the lower end surface of the connecting table (6) is provided with a first threaded hole from bottom to top, one end of the displacement sensor (221) away from the detection end is provided with an external thread, and the displacement sensor (221) is installed in the first threaded hole in a threaded manner.

4. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The first threaded hole is located at the center of the connecting table (6).

5. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 3, wherein, Further comprising a temperature sensor (222) and a humidity sensor (223) both having detection ends in contact with the buried pipeline (7), the lower end surface of the connecting table (6) is further provided with a second threaded hole and a third threaded hole from bottom to top, one end of the temperature sensor (222) and the humidity sensor (223) away from the detection end is provided with an external thread, the temperature sensor (222) is installed in the second threaded hole in a threaded manner, and the humidity sensor (223) is installed in the third threaded hole in a threaded manner. The centers of the first threaded hole, the second threaded hole and the third threaded hole form an equilateral triangle, and the center of the equilateral triangle coincides with the center of the connecting table (6).

6. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 3, wherein, Further comprising a temperature sensor (222), a humidity sensor (223) and a stress sensor (224) both having detection ends in contact with the buried pipeline (7), the lower end surface of the connecting table (6) is further provided with a second threaded hole, a third threaded hole and a fourth threaded hole from bottom to top, one end of the temperature sensor (222), the humidity sensor (223) and the stress sensor (224) away from the detection end is provided with an external thread, the temperature sensor (222) is installed in the second threaded hole in a threaded manner, the humidity sensor (223) is installed in the third threaded hole in a threaded manner, and the stress sensor (224) is installed in the fourth threaded hole in a threaded manner. The centers of the first threaded hole, the second threaded hole, the third threaded hole and the fourth threaded hole form a square, and the center of the square coincides with the center of the connecting table (6).

7. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of positioning sleeves (4) are fixed on the central axis of the guide pipe (3) in an up-down interval, the column (21) passes through and is in sliding fit with the through hole in each positioning sleeve (4), and each positioning sleeve (4) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide pipe (3) through the support rod (5) which spreads outwards along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve (4).

8. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The positioning sleeves (4) are uniformly distributed along the central axis of the guide pipe (3).

9. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The support ring (14) is fixed on the ground, the cover (16) is a cylindrical tube which is open at the top and bottom, the inner diameter of the support ring (14) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cover (16), the outer diameter of the support ring (14) is equal to the outer diameter of the cover (16), the cover (16) is fixed on the upper surface of the support ring (14) after the outer edge of the cover (16) is aligned with the support ring (14), and the positioning assembly is overlapped on the support ring (14).

10. The sensor-based buried pipeline settlement monitoring apparatus of claim 9, wherein, The positioning assembly comprises a positioning column and two positioning strips (13) which are fixed on both sides of the positioning column and are distributed in the diametric direction, the center of the support ring (14) coincides with the central axis of the guide pipe (3), the bottom of the positioning column is in contact with the ground and is distributed in the center of the support ring (14), the end of each positioning strip (13) is fixed with a cross bar (12), the cross bar (12) and the corresponding positioning strip (13) form a T-shaped structure, the end of each positioning strip (13) and the corresponding cross bar (12) are overlapped on the support ring (14), and the outer side of the cross bar (12) is tightly pressed against the inner side of the cover (16). The part of the column (21) which is higher than the ground is fixedly inserted into the positioning hole (15) of the positioning column.

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