Module shell for battery module, battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to a module shell for a battery module, the battery module and a battery pack. The module shell comprises a module upper cover with a plurality of openings, and each opening is aligned with the first pressure release valve of the corresponding battery cell; each turnover part is configured to be in a closed state for closing the corresponding opening during the normal working period of the corresponding battery cell, and is pushed to turn over by the combustible gas flow during the period from the thermal runaway of the corresponding battery cell to the discharge of the combustible gas flow containing the conductive chips through the first pressure release valve; each reversible part is arranged in an opening state for opening the corresponding opening and partially abuts against the battery shell in the opening state so as to form a preset angle relative to the corresponding opening, and the preset angle is used for assisting combustible gas flow to be discharged away from the high-pressure output end and towards a second pressure release valve of the battery shell through the corresponding opening; and a barrier for preventing conductive chips from reaching the high-voltage output end is formed. The module housing for the battery module, the battery module and the battery pack have improved thermal safety design.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to power battery technical field especially relates to a module shell for battery module, battery module and battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of vehicles, especially electric vehicles, power batteries, i.e. battery packs that can be directly used in vehicles, are widely used. A battery pack includes a battery shell and a plurality of battery modules enclosed in the battery shell, and each battery module includes a module shell and a plurality of battery cells enclosed in the module shell. Each battery cell includes a battery cell shell (usually made of aluminum material) and a bare battery cell assembly enclosed in the battery cell shell. The battery cell shell, especially the battery cell upper cover, generally has a pressure relief valve. In the case of thermal runaway of the battery cell, the energy storage material (e.g. lithium iron phosphate) in the bare battery cell assembly will decompose and generate a high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas stream. The flammable gas stream is generally discharged from the battery cell shell through the pressure relief valve to enter the module shell and the battery shell.

[0003] On the one hand, the flammable gas stream can melt some insulating accessories (e.g. made of plastic) inside and outside the module shell, resulting in a decrease or even failure of the insulating performance of these insulating accessories. On the other hand, the flammable gas stream contains conductive debris, which can further cause an electric arc to break through the air and even cause the flammable gas stream to explode. SUMMARY

[0004] An object of the utility model is to provide a module shell for battery module, battery module and battery pack, which has an improved thermal safety design.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a module shell for battery module is provided, the battery module is enclosed in a battery shell and includes a high-voltage output end and a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to the high-voltage output end, the plurality of battery cells are enclosed in the module shell, the module shell includes: a module upper cover having a plurality of openings, each opening is aligned with a first pressure relief valve of a corresponding battery cell; and a plurality of reversible components, each reversible component is configured to be in a closed state closing the corresponding opening during normal operation of the corresponding battery cell, and be pushed by a flammable gas stream to be flipped to be in an open state opening the corresponding opening during thermal runaway of the corresponding battery cell to discharge the flammable gas stream containing conductive debris via the first pressure relief valve, wherein each reversible component partially abuts against the battery shell in the open state to form a preset angle relative to the corresponding opening to assist the flammable gas stream to be discharged via the corresponding opening away from the high-voltage output end and towards a second pressure relief valve of the battery shell, and form a barrier to hinder the conductive debris from reaching the high-voltage output end.

[0006] Optionally, each flip-up component includes a hinged side, a first side opposite to the hinged side, and a second side connecting the hinged side to the first side. The module cover includes a hinged edge forming a corresponding opening, a first side edge opposite to the hinged edge, and a second side edge connecting the hinged edge to the first side edge. The hinged side is hinged to the hinged edge to define a pivot axis. In the closed state of each flip-up component, the first side and the second side overlap or are adjacent to the first side edge and the second side edge, respectively. In the open state of each flip-up component, the first side and the second side pivot about the pivot axis by a preset angle.

[0007] Optionally, each flip-up component abuts against the battery casing with its first side in the open state; a limiting part is provided on the hinge side and / or hinge edge to prevent each flip-up component from flipping to form an angle greater than a preset angle relative to the corresponding opening; and / or the thickness of the hinge side is increased to suppress each flip-up component from flipping to form an angle greater than a preset angle relative to the corresponding opening.

[0008] Optionally, the high-voltage output terminal includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, wherein the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are disposed on both sides of the main surface of the module cover outside the module housing along a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis, and the hinge side of each of the half of the plurality of rotatable components closer to the positive output terminal is closer to the positive output terminal than the first side, and the hinge side of each of the other half of the plurality of rotatable components closer to the negative output terminal is closer to the negative output terminal than the first side; or wherein the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are disposed on the same side of the main surface of the module cover outside the module housing along a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis, and the hinge side of each rotatable component is closer to the high-voltage output terminal than the first side.

[0009] Optionally, the dimension of the first side of each flip-up component in the direction parallel to the pivot axis is more than half the dimension of the module cover in the direction parallel to the pivot axis.

[0010] Optionally, the preset angle is less than or equal to 60° or less than or equal to 45°.

[0011] Optionally, the module cover and the plurality of flip-up components are made of a single sheet material that is heat-insulating, insulating, and resilient.

[0012] Optionally, the module cover and the plurality of flip-up components in the closed state are covered with a plastic film, which is configured to melt during thermal runaway of the respective cell to the discharge of flammable gas flow.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery module is provided, comprising: a high-voltage output terminal; a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to the high-voltage output terminal, each battery cell having a first pressure relief valve; and a module housing for the battery module as described above, wherein the plurality of battery cells are enclosed within the module housing such that each opening of the module cover is aligned with the first pressure relief valve of the corresponding battery cell.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery pack is provided, comprising: a battery casing having a second pressure relief valve; and a plurality of battery modules as described above, wherein the battery modules are enclosed within the battery casing, and the high-voltage output terminals include a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal, wherein the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are disposed on both sides of the main surface of the module cover outside the module casing in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis, and the second pressure relief valve is centrally disposed between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis on the side of the battery casing opposite to the module cover, or wherein the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal are disposed on the same side of the main surface of the module cover outside the module casing in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis, and the second pressure relief valve is disposed away from the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis on the side of the battery casing opposite to the module cover.

[0015] In the module housing, battery module, and battery pack provided by this utility model, the flip-out component in the open state can, on the one hand, guide the flammable gas flow discharged through the first pressure relief valve of the corresponding cell to be discharged further through the corresponding opening toward the second pressure relief valve of the battery housing, and on the other hand, prevent conductive debris from reaching the high voltage output terminal, so as to ensure the safety of the battery pack during the discharge of flammable gas flow.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an exemplary battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of an exemplary battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of an exemplary battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4This is a perspective view of a portion of the module housing for a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Another perspective view of a portion of the module housing used for the battery module.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a side view of an exemplary battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a portion of the module housing for a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Another perspective view of a portion of the module housing used for the battery module. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Technologies and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such technologies and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0028] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0030] Figure 1 An exemplary battery pack 10 is shown, comprising: a battery casing 12, which can be labeled using an orthogonal coordinate system, for example, the X direction representing the length direction of the battery casing 12, the Y direction representing the width direction of the battery casing 12, and the Z direction representing the height direction of the battery casing 12; and a plurality of battery modules, which are regularly arranged and enclosed within the battery casing 12. Generally, circuitry is disposed within the battery casing 12 to connect the plurality of battery modules in series or in parallel depending on the specific application.

[0031] Figure 2An exemplary battery module 14 is shown, comprising: a module housing 16, which includes a module shell 18 formed separately for a specific application, but may also be integrally formed, and a module cover 20. The module shell 16 can be labeled using the same orthogonal coordinate system, since the battery module 14 is already enclosed within the battery housing 12. For example, the X direction represents the length direction of the module shell 16, the Y direction represents the width direction of the module shell 16, and the Z direction represents the height direction of the module shell 16; and a plurality of battery cells arranged in a regular pattern and enclosed within the module shell 16. That is, the plurality of battery cells can be placed in the module housing 18 first, and then the module housing 18 can be closed from the Z direction by the module cover 20.

[0032] Figure 3 An exemplary battery cell 22 is shown, comprising: a battery cell housing 24, which includes a battery cell shell 26 formed separately depending on the specific application, but may also be integrally formed, and a battery cell cover 28 (typically made of aluminum). The battery cell shell 24 can be labeled using the same orthogonal coordinate system, based on the fact that the battery cell 22 is already enclosed within a module housing 16. For example, the X direction represents the width direction of the battery cell shell 24, the Y direction represents the length direction of the battery cell shell 24, and the Z direction represents the height direction of the battery cell shell 24; and a bare battery cell assembly containing a storage material (e.g., lithium iron phosphate) and compactly (e.g., rolled up) enclosed within the battery cell shell 24. That is, the bare battery cell assembly can be placed first in the battery cell shell 26, and then the battery cell shell 26 can be closed from the Z direction by the battery cell cover 28.

[0033] Here, the term "enclosed" means encapsulating one component with another so that the other cannot be removed directly from the first component. However, "enclosed" does not necessarily mean sealed, that is, it is not necessarily airtight or waterproof.

[0034] Generally, the cell cover 28 has a positive terminal 30 and a negative terminal 32. The positive terminal of the bare cell assembly is electrically connected to the positive terminal 30 of the cell cover 28, and the negative terminal of the bare cell assembly is electrically connected to the negative terminal 32 of the cell cover 28. Each of the positive and negative terminals of the bare cell assembly is made of a conductive material, such as a metal.

[0035] The cell housing 24, especially the cell cover 28, also has a first pressure relief valve 34 (also known as an explosion-proof valve). In the event of thermal runaway of the cell 22, the energy storage material in the bare cell assembly will be decomposed by heat and generate a high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas flow. The flammable gas flow contains a large number of broken positive and negative tabs, i.e., conductive debris. The flammable gas flow is generally discharged from the cell housing 24 through the first pressure relief valve 34 and enters the module housing 16.

[0036] The first bus assembly and the second bus assembly are disposed within the module housing 16. The high-voltage output terminal is disposed outside the module housing 16 and includes a positive output terminal 35 and a negative output terminal 36. The first bus assembly is electrically connected between the positive output terminal 35 and the positive terminal 30 or negative terminal 32 of each cell 22, and correspondingly, the second bus assembly is electrically connected between the negative output terminal 36 and the negative terminal 32 or positive terminal 30 of each cell 22, to connect the multiple cells 22 in series or parallel depending on the specific application, thereby collecting and transmitting current from each cell 22. The positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 can be electrically connected to a circuit disposed within the battery housing 12 to continue transmitting current. Here, the positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 are disposed on opposite sides or the same side of the main surface of the module cover 20 along the X direction, inside the battery housing 12 but outside the module housing 16. The high-voltage output terminal can be protected by an output terminal insulation fitting. Similarly, each of the first bus assembly and the second bus assembly is also protected by bus insulation fittings to prevent short circuits between different cells 22.

[0037] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The module cover 20 of this invention has a plurality of openings 38 arranged along the X direction such that each opening 38 is aligned with the cell cover 28 of a corresponding cell 22 (which may be one or more cells 22), with the aim of aligning with the first pressure relief valve 34; and a plurality of flip-up parts 40, each flip-up part 40 being configured to be in a closed state (i.e., covering) of the corresponding opening 38 during normal operation of the corresponding cell 22 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 As shown), and during the thermal runaway of the corresponding cell 22 to the point where a flammable gas flow containing conductive debris is discharged via the first pressure relief valve 34, it is pushed and flipped by the flammable gas flow to be in the open state of opening the corresponding opening 38 (as shown). Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown), the flammable gas flow entering the module housing 16 can thus exit from the module housing 16 through the corresponding opening 38 and enter the battery housing 12. For ease of understanding, Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 This illustrates a very extreme case where each of the flip-up parts 40 flips over.

[0038] Continue to refer to Figure 5Each flip-up component 40 includes a hinged side 42, a first side 44 opposite to the hinged side 42, and a second side 46 connecting the hinged side 42 to the first side 44 (i.e., there are generally two second side 46). Correspondingly, the module cover 20 includes a hinged side edge 48 forming a corresponding opening 38, a first side edge 50 opposite to the hinged side edge 48, and a second side edge 52 connecting the hinged side edge 48 to the first side edge 50 (i.e., there are generally two second side edges 52). The hinged side 42 can be hinged to the hinged side edge 48. For example, the hinged side 42 is configured as a membrane hinge or has a hinge structure to define the pivot axis 54. In the closed state of each flip-up component 40, when the second side 46 is designed to have a dimension in the X direction greater than that of the second side edge 52 in the X direction, the first side 44 overlaps the first side edge 50; when the first side 44 is designed to have a dimension in the Y direction greater than that of the first side edge 50 in the Y direction, the second side 46 overlaps the second side edge 52; when the second side 46 is designed to have a dimension in the X direction equal to or slightly smaller than that of the second side edge 52 in the X direction, the first side 44 abuts the first side edge 50; and / or, when the first side 44 is designed to have a dimension in the Y direction equal to or slightly smaller than that of the first side edge 50 in the Y direction, the second side 46 abuts the second side edge 52. This substantially prevents dust or other contaminants outside the module housing 16 from entering the module housing 16. In the open state of each flip-up component 40, the first side 44 and the second side 46 pivot about the pivot axis 54 by a preset angle to open the corresponding opening 38.

[0039] Optionally, the module cover 20 and the plurality of flip-up components 40 in the closed state are covered with a plastic film to further prevent dust or other contaminants outside the module housing 16 from entering the module housing 16. The plastic film is configured to melt during the thermal runaway of a corresponding cell 22 to the discharge of a flammable gas flow, so as not to impede the flip-up of the plurality of flip-up components 40. Generally, during the thermal runaway of a cell 22 to the discharge of a flammable gas flow, the flip-up component 40 corresponding to that cell 22 is most likely to be flipped by the flammable gas flow to be in the open state with the corresponding opening 38 open, while the other flip-up components 40 remain in the closed state with the corresponding opening 38 closed to prevent the flammable gas flow from entering the battery housing 12 and thus conductive debris from falling onto the busbar insulation of other cells 22, thereby causing a short circuit between different cells 22.

[0040] refer to Figure 6Each flip-up component 40, in the open state, partially abuts against the battery casing 12, for example, with its first side 44, to form a certain angle relative to the corresponding opening 38, i.e., a preset angle, for example, less than or equal to 60° or less than or equal to 45°, and cannot be flipped further, thereby assisting the flammable gas flow to be discharged through the corresponding opening 38 away from the high-voltage output end and toward the second pressure relief valve 12a of the battery casing 12, and forming a barrier that prevents the flammable gas flow and thus conductive debris from reaching the high-voltage output end.

[0041] On the one hand, the barrier can, to some extent, block heat from being transferred from the flammable gas flow to the output insulation components, thereby preventing the output insulation components from melting.

[0042] On the other hand, conductive debris can be deposited or adhered to the barrier. Therefore, even if some flammable gas flow may still bypass the barrier and reach the high-voltage output end, since the conductive debris has been basically "filtered out", it will no longer be possible for an electric arc to break down the air at the high-voltage output end protected by the output end insulation accessories.

[0043] Therefore, the module cover 20 and the plurality of rotatable components 40 in this invention are not made of traditional hard mica material, but are made of a single sheet material that is heat-insulating, insulating, temperature-resistant, and elastic. The single sheet material is a composite material. For example, a first side 44 and a second side 46 of each rotatable component 40 can be cut from the single sheet material. Optionally, the hinged side 42 serves as a thin-film hinge, allowing each rotatable component 40 to be rotatable.

[0044] Optionally, the dimension of the first side 44 in the Y direction is more than half the dimension of the module cover 20 in the Y direction to ensure that the barrier is of sufficient size. It can be understood that, at the same time, the dimension of the first side 44 in the Y direction can be larger than the dimension of the corresponding opening 38 in the Y direction.

[0045] Since the preset angle is less than or equal to 60° or less than or equal to 45°, and due to the elastic recovery capability of the hinged side 42 itself, after the flammable gas flow is discharged through the corresponding opening 38, the flip-up part 40 will automatically return from the open state to the closed state.

[0046] Alternatively, any suitable limiting portion 56 may be provided on the hinge side 42 and / or hinge edge 48, for example, such as Figure 6 The limiting protrusions shown on the hinge side edge 48 prevent each rotatable component 40 from flipping to form an angle greater than a preset angle relative to the corresponding opening 38. Alternatively, each rotatable component 40 can be reinforced by increasing the thickness of the hinge side edge 42 to suppress each rotatable component 40 from flipping to form an angle greater than a preset angle relative to the corresponding opening 38.

[0047] As mentioned above, in Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 6 In this configuration, the positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 are positioned on opposite sides of the main surface of the module cover 20 along the X-direction. Therefore, the pivot axis 54 is positioned parallel to the Y-direction to form an effective barrier. Specifically, the hinged side 42 of each of the plurality of reversible components 40 near the positive output terminal 35 is closer to the positive output terminal 35 than the first side 44. Similarly, the hinged side 42 of each of the other half of the plurality of reversible components 40 near the negative output terminal 36 is closer to the negative output terminal 36 than the first side 44. Simultaneously, a second pressure relief valve can be centrally located in the X-direction between the positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 on the side of the battery casing 12 opposite to the module cover 20. Therefore, during the thermal runaway of any cell 22 corresponding to any one of the half of the reversible component 40 closest to the positive output terminal 35, the flammable gas will be discharged through the corresponding opening 38 away from the positive output terminal 35 and toward the second pressure relief valve 12a. Although the flammable gas may also reach the negative output terminal 36 via a longer path, conductive debris in the flammable gas will have already fallen onto the module cover 20 or the other half of the reversible component 40 in the closed state during the longer path. Similarly, during the thermal runaway of any cell 22 corresponding to any one of the half of the reversible component 40 closest to the negative output terminal 36, the flammable gas will be discharged through the corresponding opening 38 away from the negative output terminal 36 and toward the second pressure relief valve 12a.

[0048] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 It shows that the positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 are arranged on the same side of the main surface of the module cover 20 along the X direction, and the hinged side 42 of each flip-up component 40 is closer to the positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 than the first side 44. Meanwhile, the second pressure relief valve 12a can be arranged in the side of the battery casing 12 opposite to the module cover 20 in the X direction away from the positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown). Thus, during the thermal runaway of any cell 22 corresponding to any of the reversible components 40 until the discharge of flammable gas, the flammable gas will be discharged through the corresponding opening 38 away from the positive output terminal 35 and the negative output terminal 36 and toward the second pressure relief valve 12a. For ease of understanding, Figure 8 This illustrates a very extreme case where each of the flip-up parts 40 flips over.

[0049] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A module housing (16) for a battery module (14) enclosed within a battery housing (12) and comprising a high voltage output and a plurality of cells (22) electrically connected to the high voltage output, said plurality of cells (22) being enclosed within the module housing (16), characterized in that, The module housing (16) comprises: a module upper cover (20) having a plurality of openings (38), each opening (38) being aligned with a first pressure relief valve (34) of a corresponding battery cell (22); and a plurality of reversible components (40), each reversible component (40) being configured to be in a closed state closing the corresponding opening (38) during normal operation of the corresponding battery cell (22), and to be flipped by a flammable gas stream containing electrically conductive debris discharged via the first pressure relief valve (34) during thermal runaway of the corresponding battery cell (22) to be in an open state opening the corresponding opening (38), wherein each reversible component (40) in the open state partially abuts against the battery housing (12) to form a preset angle relative to the corresponding opening (38) to facilitate the flammable gas stream to be discharged via the corresponding opening (38) away from the high-pressure output end and towards a second pressure relief valve (12a) of the battery housing (12), and to form a barrier impeding the electrically conductive debris from reaching the high-pressure output end.

2. The module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to claim 1, characterized in that Each reversible component (40) comprises a hinged side edge (42), a first side edge (44) opposite to the hinged side edge (42), and a second side edge (46) connecting the hinged side edge (42) and the first side edge (44), the module upper cover (20) comprises a hinged side rim (48) forming the corresponding opening (38), a first side rim (50) opposite to the hinged side rim (48), and a second side rim (52) connecting the hinged side rim (48) and the first side rim (50), wherein the hinged side edge (42) is hinged to the hinged side rim (48) to define a pivot axis (54), in the closed state of each reversible component (40), the first side edge (44) and the second side edge (46) respectively overlap or abut the first side rim (50) and the second side rim (52), and in the open state of each reversible component (40), the first side edge (44) and the second side edge (46) are pivoted about the pivot axis (54) by a preset angle.

3. The module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to claim 2, characterized in that Each reversible component (40) in the open state has the first side edge (44) abutting against the battery housing (12); a limiting portion (56) is provided on the hinged side edge (42) and / or the hinged side rim (48) to prevent each reversible component (40) from being flipped to form an angle relative to the corresponding opening (38) larger than the preset angle; and / or a thickness of the hinged side edge (42) is increased to inhibit each reversible component (40) from being flipped to form an angle relative to the corresponding opening (38) larger than the preset angle.

4. The module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the high-pressure output end comprises a positive output end (35) and a negative output end (36), wherein the positive output terminal (35) and the negative output terminal (36) are disposed on opposite sides of a major surface of the module upper cover (20) outside the module housing (18) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54), and the hinge side (42) of each of the plurality of reversible components (40) is closer to the high-voltage output terminal than the first side (44). wherein the positive output terminal (35) and the negative output terminal (36) are disposed on the same side of a major surface of the module upper cover (20) outside the module housing (18) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54), and the hinge side (42) of each reversible component (40) is closer to the high-voltage output terminal than the first side (44).

5. The module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The first side (44) of each reversible component (40) has a dimension in a direction parallel to the pivot axis (54) that is more than half of a dimension of the module upper cover (20) in the direction parallel to the pivot axis (54).

6. The module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The preset angle is less than or equal to 60° or less than or equal to 45°.

7. The module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The module upper cover (20) and the plurality of reversible components (40) are made of a single plate material that is heat-insulating, insulating, and elastic.

8. The module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The module upper cover (20) and the plurality of reversible components (40) in the closed state are covered by a plastic film configured to melt during thermal runaway of the corresponding battery cell (22) to discharge flammable gas.

9. A battery module (14), characterized by Comprising: a high-voltage output terminal; a plurality of battery cells (22) electrically connected to the high-voltage output terminal, each battery cell (22) having a first pressure relief valve (34); and a module housing (16) for a battery module (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the plurality of battery cells (22) being enclosed within the module housing (16) such that each opening (38) of the module upper cover (20) is aligned with the first pressure relief valve (34) of the corresponding battery cell (22). Comprising:

10. A battery pack (10) characterized by, a battery housing (12) having a second pressure relief valve (12a); and a plurality of battery modules (14) according to claim 9, the battery modules (14) being enclosed within the battery housing (12) and the high-voltage output terminal comprising a positive output terminal (35) and a negative output terminal (36), wherein the positive output terminal (35) and the negative output terminal (36) are disposed on opposite sides of a major surface of the module upper cover (20) outside the module housing (16) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54), and the second pressure relief valve (12a) is disposed in a side of the battery housing (12) opposite the module upper cover (20) and centrally between the positive output terminal (35) and the negative output terminal (36) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54), or ​ In the battery module, the positive electrode output terminal (35) and the negative electrode output terminal (36) are arranged on the same side of the main surface of the module upper cover (20) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54) outside the module housing (16), and a second pressure relief valve (12a) is arranged in a side of the battery housing (12) opposite to the module upper cover (20) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54) away from the positive electrode output terminal (35) and the negative electrode output terminal (36). In the battery module, the positive electrode output terminal (35) and the negative electrode output terminal (36) are arranged on the same side of the main surface of the module upper cover (20) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54) outside the module housing (16), and a second pressure relief valve (12a) is arranged in a side of the battery housing (12) opposite to the module upper cover (20) in a direction perpendicular to the pivot axis (54) away from the positive electrode output terminal (35) and the negative electrode output terminal (36).

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