Automatic pad printing machine and printing equipment and production system thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides an automatic pad printing machine and a printing device and a production system thereof, the automatic pad printing machine comprises a first working table, a first panel perpendicular to the first working table and two parallel supporting rods are arranged above the first working table, and the supporting rods are parallel and located on the front side of the first panel; the second workbench is mounted on the left side of the first workbench; a motor; the connecting rod mechanism is installed on the front side of the first panel, the front side of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a pad printing head, the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a motor, and the pad printing head is driven by the motor to be close to or away from the second workbench; the ink plate is fixed on the supporting rod; and the ink supplementing assembly is connected with the motor and is driven by the motor to slide close to or away from the ink plate on the supporting rod, and the pad printing head abuts against the ink plate in the state that the ink supplementing assembly is away from the ink plate. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the printing efficiency can be improved, and the printing effect of the printing information is stable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of pad printing equipment, and particularly relates to an automatic pad printing machine and printing equipment and a production system thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] On a manufacturing production line of a toy manufacturer, it is necessary to print relevant information of toy production on toys and toy packaging.

[0003] The existing printing mode is to manually hold a spray gun, and the spray gun is moved on the surface of the toy to realize printing of the printing information on the surface of the toy. However, this mode is low in efficiency, and the printing information is deformed to different degrees due to time difference in movement of the spray gun on the surface of the toy, thereby affecting the printing effect of the toy. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model embodiment provides an automatic pad printing machine and printing equipment and a production system, which can improve printing efficiency and stabilize the printing effect of the printing information.

[0005] In a first aspect, the utility model embodiment provides an automatic pad printing machine, which comprises:

[0006] A first workbench, a first panel and two mutually parallel support rods are arranged above the first workbench, the first panel is perpendicular to the first workbench, and the support rods are located on the front side of the first panel and parallel to the first panel;

[0007] A second workbench, the second workbench is installed on the left side of the first workbench;

[0008] A motor;

[0009] A connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism is installed on the front side of the first panel, a pad printing head is connected to the front side of the connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism is connected to the motor, and under the drive of the motor, the pad printing head approaches or moves away from the second workbench;

[0010] An ink plate, the ink plate is fixed to the support rods;

[0011] An ink supplement assembly, the ink supplement assembly is connected to the motor and is slidingly connected to the support rods, under the drive of the motor, the ink supplement assembly approaches or moves away from the ink plate, and under the state that the ink supplement assembly moves away from the ink plate, the pad printing head abuts against the ink plate.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the utility model, a fixed mold is detachably connected to the upper side of the second workbench, and the fixed mold is used for limiting a product to be printed.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the connecting rod mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is connected to the first panel, the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to one end of the third connecting rod, and the other end of the third connecting rod is connected to the first panel.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the length of the first connecting rod is equal to the length of the third connecting rod, and the length between the one end of the first connecting rod connected to the first panel and the one end of the third connecting rod connected to the first panel is equal to the length of the second connecting rod.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, further comprising a first transmission rod and a second transmission rod, one end of the first transmission rod is connected to the motor, the other end of the first transmission rod is connected to one end of the second transmission rod perpendicularly, the other end of the second transmission rod is connected to the third connecting rod, the motor drives the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod drives the third connecting rod to rotate by driving the second transmission rod.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the ink supplement assembly comprises a mounting portion, a fixing clamp and an ink bottle, the fixing clamp is connected to the upper side of the mounting portion through a connecting piece, and the fixing clamp is used for fixing the ink bottle, wherein, under the driving of the motor, the mounting portion slides along the supporting rod.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, further comprising a belt, a gear, a third transmission rod and a fourth transmission rod, the inner side of the belt abuts against the motor, the outer side of the belt abuts against the gear, one end of the third transmission rod is connected to the gear, the other end of the third transmission rod is connected to one end of the fourth transmission rod, and the other end of the fourth transmission rod is connected to the bottom of the mounting portion.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, at least one reinforcing rib is arranged between the first workbench and the second workbench.

[0019] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a printing device, comprising the automatic pad printing machine according to the first aspect.

[0020] In the third aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a production system, comprising the automatic pad printing machine according to the first aspect, or comprising the printing device according to the second aspect.

[0021] The utility model discloses an embodiment includes: first workstation, the upper portion of first workstation is provided with first panel and two mutually parallel support rod, first panel is perpendicular to first workstation, support rod is located first panel's front side and is parallel to first panel, second workstation, second workstation installs in first workstation's left side, motor, connecting rod mechanism, install in first panel, the front side of connecting rod mechanism is connected with pad printing head, connecting rod mechanism is connected with motor, wherein, under the drive of motor, pad printing head is close to or away from second workstation, ink plate, ink plate is fixed on support rod, ink supplementing subassembly, ink supplementing subassembly is connected with motor, and is connected in sliding mode in support rod, wherein, under the drive of motor, ink supplementing subassembly is close to or away from ink plate, in the state that ink supplementing subassembly is away from ink plate, pad printing head abuts on ink plate. According to the technical scheme of this embodiment, under the condition that second workstation is placed with the product to be printed, through the operation of motor drive pad printing head to take ink, pad printing and drive ink supplementing subassembly to reciprocating ink replenishment operation on support rod to ink plate, pad printing head, ink plate and ink supplementing subassembly combined action, realize the automatic printing of the printing information required by the product to be printed, compared with the operation of manual inkjet printing, can improve the printing efficiency and make the printing effect of printing information stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of automatic pad printing machine provided by one embodiment of the utility model,

[0023] Figure 2 It is the structure diagram of ink supplementing subassembly provided by another embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model more clearly, the following is combined with the embodiment, and the utility model is further detailed. It should be understood that the specific embodiment described here is only used to explain the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that although the functional module division is carried out in the device schematic diagram, and the logic sequence is shown in the flow chart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in different modules in the device or the sequence in the flow chart. The terms "first", "target" and the like in the specification, claims or above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0026] The utility model discloses an embodiment includes: first workstation, the top of first workstation is provided with first panel and two parallel support rod, first panel is perpendicular to first workstation, support rod is located first panel's front side and is parallel to first panel, second workstation, second workstation is installed to the left side of first workstation, motor, connecting rod mechanism, install in first panel, the front side of connecting rod mechanism is connected with pad printing head, connecting rod mechanism is connected with motor, wherein, under the drive of motor, pad printing head is close to or away from second workstation, ink plate, ink plate is fixed to support rod, ink supplementing subassembly, ink supplementing subassembly is connected with motor, and is connected in sliding mode in support rod, wherein, under the drive of motor, ink supplementing subassembly is close to or away from ink plate, in the state that ink supplementing subassembly is away from ink plate, pad printing head abuts on ink plate. According to the technical scheme of this embodiment, under the condition that second workstation is placed with the product to be printed, pad printing head is driven by motor to take ink, pad printing operation and drive ink supplementing subassembly to reciprocating ink replenishment operation on support rod to ink plate, pad printing head, ink plate and ink supplementing subassembly cooperate, realize the automatic printing of the printing information required by the product to be printed, compared with the operation of manual inkjet printing, can improve printing efficiency and make the printing effect of printing information stable.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 The automatic pad printing machine provided by the embodiment comprises:

[0028] First workstation 100, the top of first workstation 100 is provided with first panel 10 and two parallel support rod 20, first panel 10 is perpendicular to first workstation 100, support rod 20 is located first panel 10's front side and is parallel to first panel 10;

[0029] Second workstation 200, second workstation 200 is installed to the left side of first workstation 100;

[0030] Motor;

[0031] Connecting rod mechanism 30, connecting rod mechanism 30 is installed to the front side of first panel 10, the front side of connecting rod mechanism 30 is connected with pad printing head 34, connecting rod mechanism 30 is connected with motor, wherein, under the drive of motor, pad printing head 34 is close to or away from second workstation 200;

[0032] Ink plate 40, ink plate 40 is fixed to support rod 20;

[0033] The ink supplement assembly 50 is connected with the motor and is slidingly connected with the support rod 20, wherein, under the driving of the motor, the ink supplement assembly 50 is close to or away from the ink plate 40, and in the state that the ink supplement assembly 50 is away from the ink plate 40, the pad printing head 34 abuts against the ink plate 40.

[0034] It should be noted that the support rods 20 are parallel to each other and are located at the same height, and both of the support rods 20 are parallel to the surface of the first workbench 100, that is, the moving direction of the ink supplement assembly 50 sliding on the first workbench 100 is the direction away from or close to the second workbench 200.

[0035] It should be noted that the second workbench 200 is used for placing the product to be printed, in order to make the printed information printed on the product to be printed by the pad printing head 34 not deformed, the second workbench 200 is parallel to the ink plate 40, that is, the second workbench 200 is parallel to the first workbench 100.

[0036] It should be noted that in the state that the motor is located at the initial position, the distance between the pad printing head 34 and the second workbench 200 and the ink plate 40 is equal. In the state that the motor is located at the initial position, the pad printing head 34 is close to the second workbench 200 and abuts against the product to be printed by rotating counterclockwise by a first angle, and the pad printing head 34 is away from the second workbench 200 and abuts against the ink plate 40 by rotating clockwise by a second angle. The first angle and the second angle are set according to actual implementation requirements, and the rotation program of the motor is set in advance.

[0037] It should be noted that the movement trajectories of the connecting rod mechanisms 30 are all in a plane parallel to the first panel 10. The front side of the connecting rod mechanism 30 is provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is two panels integrally formed and perpendicular to each other, and the pad printing head 34 is connected to the panel parallel to the second workbench 200 through a connecting piece, so that the pad printing head 34 is connected to the connecting rod mechanism 30. The pad printing head 34 provided on the front side of the connecting rod mechanism 30 is made of elastic material, and the pad printing head 34 can be replaced according to actual production requirements.

[0038] It should be noted that the ink supplement assembly 50 is used for supplementing ink for the ink plate 40, the ink supplement assembly 50 includes an ink bottle 53, and the ink supplement assembly 50 slides above the ink plate 40, and those skilled in the art know how to supplement ink for the ink plate 40 through the ink bottle 53. The supplement of ink for the ink plate 40 is not the improvement made by the present application, and will not be described here.

[0039] It should be noted that the movement of the linkage mechanism 40 and the movement of the ink replenishment assembly 50 on the support rod 20 are realized by the same motor, which saves cost and avoids different motors driving the linkage mechanism 40 and the ink replenishment assembly 50, so that the movement of the linkage mechanism 40 and the ink replenishment assembly 50 is not synchronized, thereby causing the stamping head 34 and the ink replenishment assembly 50 to collide.

[0040] It should be noted that the product to be printed is placed on the second workbench 200, the automatic stamping machine is started, the motor drives the linkage mechanism and the ink replenishment assembly 50 to move, the linkage mechanism 30 drives the stamping head 34 to move away from the second workbench 200 until the stamping head 34 abuts against the ink plate 40, and at the same time, the ink replenishment assembly 50 moves away from the ink plate 40 along the support rod 20; in the state that the stamping head 34 abuts against the ink plate 40, the stamping head 34 absorbs ink from the ink plate 40, under the driving of the motor, the linkage mechanism 30 drives the stamping head 34 to move away from the ink plate 40 until the stamping head 34 abuts against the product to be printed, and at the same time, the ink replenishment assembly 50 moves along the direction close to the ink plate 40; in the state that the stamping head 34 abuts against the product to be printed, the stamping head 34 prints information on the surface of the product to be printed, and the ink replenishment assembly 50 is located directly above the ink plate 40 and replenishes ink for the ink plate 40. Thus, one working cycle is completed. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, when the product to be printed is placed on the second workbench, the stamping head is driven by the motor to perform ink absorption and stamping operations, and the ink replenishment assembly is driven by the motor to perform reciprocating ink replenishment operations on the ink plate on the support rod. The stamping head, the ink plate, and the ink replenishment assembly work together to realize automatic printing of the required printing information of the product to be printed. Compared with manual inkjet printing, the printing efficiency can be improved and the printing effect of the printing information is stable.

[0041] In addition, in an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , a fixed mold 60 is detachably connected above the second workbench 200, and the fixed mold 60 is used to limit the product to be printed.

[0042] It should be noted that the fixed mold 60 is connected above the second workbench 200, and when the stamping head 34 approaches the second workbench 200, the stamping head 34 abuts against the product to be printed. In actual implementation, different fixed molds 60 of different shapes are replaced according to different shapes of the product to be printed.

[0043] In addition, in an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the linkage mechanism 30 includes a first linkage 31, a second linkage 32, and a third linkage 33. One end of the first linkage 31 is connected to the first panel 10, and the other end is connected to one end of the second linkage 32. The other end of the second linkage 32 is connected to one end of the third linkage 33, and the other end of the third linkage 33 is connected to the first panel 10.

[0044] It should be noted that the pad printing head 34 is connected to the lower end of the second connecting rod 32, and in the state of the motor driving the connecting rod mechanism 30, the connecting rod drives the pad printing head 34 to approach or move away from the second workbench 200.

[0045] It should be noted that in order to realize that the printed information on the pad printing head 34 on the product to be printed is not deformed, the pad printing head 34 is perpendicular to the second workbench 200, and the pad printing head 34 is hinged to the second connecting rod 32. Because the pad printing head 34 has a certain weight, the pad printing head 34 is always perpendicular to the second workbench 200.

[0046] In addition, in an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the length of the first connecting rod 31 is equal to the length of the third connecting rod 33, and the length between the end of the first connecting rod 31 connected to the first panel 10 and the end of the third connecting rod 33 connected to the first panel 10 is equal to the length of the second connecting rod 32.

[0047] It should be noted that the first connecting rod 31, the second connecting rod 32, the third connecting rod 33, and the line connecting the first connecting rod 31 and the third connecting rod 33 to the first panel 10 form a parallelogram, and the line connecting the first connecting rod 31 and the third connecting rod 33 to the end point of the first panel 10 is perpendicular to the first workbench 100, that is, the second connecting rod 32 is perpendicular to the second workbench 200, so that the pad printing head 34 is always perpendicular to the second workbench 200, and the information printed by the pad printing head 34 will not be deformed. The pad printing head 34 is connected to the second connecting rod 32 through a connecting piece, and the operator can adjust the height of the pad printing head 34 to the appropriate height according to the height of the product to be printed.

[0048] In addition, in an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , it also includes a first transmission rod and a second transmission rod, one end of the first transmission rod is connected to the motor, the other end is connected to one end of the second transmission rod perpendicularly, the other end of the second transmission rod is connected to the third connecting rod 33, the motor drives the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod drives the third connecting rod 33 to rotate through the second transmission rod.

[0049] It should be noted that the motor drives the third connecting rod 33 to rotate through the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod, and the third connecting rod 33 is consistent with the rotation direction and angle of the motor. The third connecting rod 33 drives the second connecting rod 32 to move, and the second connecting rod 32 drives the first connecting rod 31 to rotate, thereby realizing the motor driving the connecting rod mechanism and realizing the pad printing head 34 approaching or moving away from the second workbench 200.

[0050] In addition, in an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2The ink supplement assembly 50 comprises a mounting portion 51, a fixing clamp 52 and an ink bottle 53. The fixing clamp 52 is connected to the upper side of the mounting portion 51 through a connecting member. The fixing clamp 52 is used to fix the ink bottle 53. Under the driving of the motor, the mounting portion 51 slides along the support rod 20.

[0051] It should be noted that the connecting member can be a screw. The fixing clamp 52 is a semicircular clamp. Two semicircular clamps are combined to form a circular mounting space for mounting the ink bottle 53. When the ink bottle 53 needs to be replaced, the screw is loosened, and the fixing clamp 52 at one end is loosened. The original ink bottle 53 is removed and replaced with a new ink bottle 53. The fixing clamp 52 and the screw are installed in place to realize the replacement of the ink bottle 53.

[0052] It should be noted that the motor rotates counterclockwise, and the mounting portion 51 moves to the left. The motor rotates clockwise, and the mounting portion 51 moves to the right. The mounting portion 51 drives the fixing clamp 52 and the ink bottle 53 to move along the support rod 20, realizing the supplement of ink to the ink plate 40.

[0053] In addition, in an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 It also comprises a belt, a gear, a third transmission rod and a fourth transmission rod. The inner side of the belt abuts against the motor. The outer side of the belt abuts against the gear. One end of the third transmission rod is connected to the gear, and the other end is connected to one end of the fourth transmission rod. The other end of the fourth transmission rod is connected to the bottom of the mounting portion 51.

[0054] It should be noted that the rotation of the motor drives the belt to rotate. The belt drives the gear to rotate. The rotation angle of the gear is consistent with that of the motor. The rotation direction of the gear is opposite to that of the motor. The rotation of the gear drives the third transmission rod to rotate. The third transmission rod drives the fourth transmission rod to rotate along the connection with the third transmission rod. The fourth transmission rod drives the mounting portion 51 to move along the support rod 20. Finally, the motor rotates counterclockwise, and the mounting portion 51 moves to the left. The motor rotates clockwise, and the mounting portion 51 moves to the right. Through the belt, the gear, the third transmission rod and the fourth transmission rod, the rotational motion of the motor is converted into the linear motion of the mounting portion 51.

[0055] In addition, in an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 At least one reinforcing rib is arranged between the first workbench 100 and the second workbench 200.

[0056] It should be noted that one end of the reinforcing rib is fixed to the common vertical plane of the first workbench and the second workbench, and the other end is fixed below the second workbench. The product to be printed is placed on the second workbench 200. If the weight of the product to be printed is too large, it may cause the second workbench 200 to tilt to the left, and long-term use may cause the second workbench 200 to fall off the first workbench 100. By setting the reinforcing rib, the connection between the first workbench 100 and the second workbench 200 is more firm.

[0057] It should be noted that the product to be printed is placed in the fixed mold 60, the automatic pad printing machine is started, the motor rotates clockwise, the third connecting rod 33 rotates clockwise, and the mounting part 51 moves to the right. In the state that the pad printing head 34 abuts against the ink plate 40, the pad printing head 34 absorbs ink from the ink plate 40, and the ink supplement assembly 50 moves away from the ink plate 40; the motor rotates counterclockwise, drives the pad printing head 34 to move to the left, the pad printing head 34 prints the printing information to the product to be printed, and the ink supplement assembly 50 supplements the ink for the ink plate 40, so that the ink on the surface of the ink plate 40 is uniform, and the subsequent pad printing head 34 that absorbs ink is colored uniformly; thus, one working cycle is completed.

[0058] In an embodiment, the utility model discloses further provide a kind of printing equipment, including the automatic pad printing machine as described above.

[0059] It should be noted that the printing equipment can be the automatic pad printing machine itself, or other devices that apply the automatic pad printing machine, such as the printing equipment in the printing process of toy production line.

[0060] In an embodiment, the utility model discloses further provide a kind of production system, including the automatic pad printing machine as described above, or, including the printing equipment as described above.

[0061] It should be noted that the production system can be the automatic pad printing machine itself, or other devices that apply the automatic pad printing machine, such as toy printing equipment, and the specific type of the production system is not limited in this embodiment, as long as the automatic pad printing machine can be applied.

[0062] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. It is intended that the application embrace any and all variations of the application that fall within the scope of the general inventive concept as defined in the claims and that the application may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

[0063] It should be understood that the application is not limited to the precise construction that has been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. The scope of the application is limited only by the claims that follow, and the application encompasses modifications within the scope of the claims.

[0064] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or replacements are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic pad printer, characterized in that, The automatic pad printing machine comprises a first workbench, a second workbench, a motor, a connecting rod mechanism, an ink plate and an ink supplement assembly. The first workbench is provided with a first panel and two mutually parallel supporting rods above the first workbench, the first panel is perpendicular to the first workbench, and the supporting rods are located on the front side of the first panel and are parallel to the first panel. The second workbench is mounted on the left side of the first workbench. The connecting rod mechanism is mounted on the front side of the first panel, the front side of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a pad printing head, the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the motor, and the pad printing head is driven by the motor to move close to or away from the second workbench. The ink plate is fixed to the supporting rods. The ink supplement assembly is connected with the motor and is slidingly connected with the supporting rods, the ink supplement assembly is driven by the motor to move close to or away from the ink plate, and the pad printing head abuts against the ink plate when the ink supplement assembly moves away from the ink plate.

2. The automatic pad printing machine according to claim 1, wherein a fixed mold is detachably connected to the upper side of the second workbench, and the fixed mold is used for limiting a product to be printed.

3. The automatic pad printing machine according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a third connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is connected to the first panel, the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to one end of the third connecting rod, and the other end of the third connecting rod is connected to the first panel.

4. The automatic pad printing machine according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first connecting rod is equal to the length of the third connecting rod, and the length between the one end of the first connecting rod connected to the first panel and the one end of the third connecting rod connected to the first panel is equal to the length of the second connecting rod.

5. The automatic pad printing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a first transmission rod and a second transmission rod, one end of the first transmission rod is connected to the motor, the other end of the first transmission rod is connected perpendicularly to one end of the second transmission rod, the other end of the second transmission rod is connected to the third connecting rod, the motor drives the first transmission rod to rotate, and the first transmission rod drives the third connecting rod to rotate through the second transmission rod.

6. The automatic pad printing machine according to claim 1, wherein the ink supplement assembly comprises a mounting portion, a fixing clamp and an ink bottle, the fixing clamp is connected to the upper side of the mounting portion through a connecting piece, the fixing clamp is used for fixing the ink bottle, and the mounting portion slides along the supporting rods under the driving of the motor.

7. The automatic pad printing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a belt, a gear, a third transmission rod and a fourth transmission rod, the inner side of the belt abuts against the motor, the outer side of the belt abuts against the gear, one end of the third transmission rod is connected to the gear, the other end of the third transmission rod is connected to one end of the fourth transmission rod, and the other end of the fourth transmission rod is connected to the bottom of the mounting portion.

8. The automatic pad printing machine according to claim 1, wherein at least one reinforcing rib is arranged between the first workbench and the second workbench.

5. The automatic pad printer according to claim 3, characterized in that ​ ​ ​ ​ 7. The automatic pad printer according to claim 6, characterized in that ​ ​ ​ ​ 9. A printing apparatus characterized by comprising: An automatic pad printing machine comprising the automatic pad printing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A production system characterized by, An automatic pad printing machine comprising the automatic pad printing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or a printing apparatus according to claim 9.

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