Pure electric stacking type forklift

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of forklifts, and particularly discloses a pure electric stacking type forklift which comprises a forklift body and fork heads, an electric driving unit is installed on the forklift body and comprises a motor and a speed reducer, the speed reducer is installed on the forklift body, and the motor is connected with the speed reducer. The electric drive unit is connected with the lifting unit so as to drive the fork head to ascend, electric drive is adopted to replace a hydraulic system, and the problems existing in the hydraulic system are avoided. The method has the advantages that firstly, no hydraulic system exists, no oil leakage risk exists, and the method is more environment-friendly; secondly, positioning control and speed control are more accurate, response is faster, and influence of environment temperature is avoided; hydraulic impact is avoided, noise is low, and operation is more stable; then, no hydraulic loop loss exists, the energy efficiency is high, and more energy is saved; and finally, hydraulic oil, sealing elements and the like do not need to be replaced regularly, using and maintaining are easy, and manufacturing and maintaining cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of forklift technology, specifically relating to a pure electric stacking forklift. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the logistics industry, forklifts have become more diversified, with various types of forklifts emerging one after another. However, fundamentally, forklifts with high-lift capabilities still use a hydraulic system as the lifting power system and hydraulic cylinders as the lifting actuators.

[0003] Specifically, a forklift is equipped with an oil tank, pump motor, oil pump, single-acting cylinder, and some hydraulic accessories. The pump motor drives the oil pump to rotate, converting the hydraulic oil in the tank into pressurized oil and delivering it to the single-acting cylinder. The cylinder lifts the mast or the fork carriage with the forks attached. When lowering, it falls under the weight of the mast and the fork carriage with the forks attached. The mast can be single-mast, two-stage mast, three-stage mast, or other structures.

[0004] Hydraulic systems are technically mature, stable, and reliable. However, with increasingly stringent industry requirements, they are beginning to show their drawbacks in certain scenarios, such as food and pharmaceutical warehouses where cleanliness is paramount. Hydraulic oil leaks can have a significant impact in these environments.

[0005] First, the positioning accuracy of the hydraulic system is insufficient. For example, the precise positioning of the lifting height requires the control of an external wire encoder, but the response of the hydraulic system itself will result in insufficient positioning accuracy. Hydraulic drive is complex and costly; energy conversion loss is large and energy consumption is high.

[0006] Furthermore, hydraulic systems suffer from poor thermal stability due to the temperature sensitivity of the hydraulic medium—hydraulic oil. This causes the lifting and lowering performance of the forklift to be greatly affected by the environment. Specifically, large temperature changes result in significant variations in lifting and lowering speeds. Additionally, the thermal expansion and contraction of the hydraulic oil causes the forks to slide down to some extent after the forklift has cooled down, which can be particularly problematic for some automated vehicles. Therefore, this application proposes a pure electric stacking forklift. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pure electric stacking forklift to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pure electric stacking forklift, including a vehicle body and forks, wherein an electric drive unit is installed on the vehicle body, the electric drive unit including a motor and a reducer, the reducer being installed on the vehicle body, and the motor being connected to the reducer;

[0009] The output shaft of the motor is connected to a brake. When the brake is activated, the output shaft of the motor can be locked.

[0010] An encoder for measuring the number of revolutions of the motor is installed on the output shaft of the motor.

[0011] An outer mast is fixedly mounted on the body of the vehicle. The inner mast can roll up and down with the first roller inside the outer mast via rollers. The forks are connected to the inner mast.

[0012] The electric drive unit is connected to the lifting unit, and the electric drive unit drives the inner mast and forks to rise and fall through the lifting unit.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the output shaft of the motor is splinedly connected to the reducer, and the other end is splinedly connected to the brake.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting unit includes a drive sprocket, and the two output shafts in the reducer are connected to the drive sprocket via a flat key. The fork head can roll up and down with the second raceway in the inner mast via rollers.

[0015] Preferably, an upper sprocket assembly is fixed above the outer gantry, and a lower sprocket assembly is fixed below the outer gantry. The roller chain passes around the drive sprocket, the upper sprocket assembly, and the lower sprocket assembly, and the head and end of the roller chain are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the inner hanging chain plate of the inner gantry.

[0016] Preferably, the hanging chain plate is fixed to the inner frame by welding, and two roller chains are provided, with each roller chain connected to a different drive sprocket.

[0017] Preferably, the fork head is provided with a fork head lifting chain hole, and the outer mast is provided with an outer mast lifting chain hole.

[0018] Preferably, an inner mast sprocket is installed on the inner mast, and a lifting plate chain is connected to the inner mast sprocket, with one end fixed to the outer mast lifting chain hole and the other end fixed to the fork lifting chain hole.

[0019] Preferably, the upper sprocket assembly includes a sprocket body, an intermediate shaft is inserted into the sprocket body, and the intermediate shaft is connected to the sprocket body via a bearing.

[0020] Preferably, the two ends of the intermediate shaft are respectively inserted into two brackets, and each bracket has a bolt inserted into it.

[0021] Preferably, the lifting unit includes drums with wire rope wound on them. The two drums are respectively connected to the two output shafts of the reducer via flat keys, and the other end of the wire rope is connected to the inner gantry.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] I. This utility model connects the lifting unit to an electric drive unit to drive the fork head upwards. By using electric drive instead of a hydraulic system, it avoids the problems associated with hydraulic systems. The advantages are as follows: First, without a hydraulic system, there is no risk of oil leakage, making it more environmentally friendly; second, positioning and speed control are more precise, with faster response and unaffected by ambient temperature; third, there is no hydraulic shock, resulting in smoother operation; fourth, there is no hydraulic circuit loss, leading to higher energy efficiency and greater energy savings; finally, there is no need for regular replacement of hydraulic oil and seals, simplifying use and maintenance.

[0024] II. The power component for controlling the rise and fall of the fork head in this utility model adopts an electric drive unit, which is installed on the vehicle body. The structure is compact and easy to observe and maintain. The electric drive, along with the sprocket and chain, drives the fork head to rise and fall. During use, the daily wear is very small and the maintenance frequency is very low.

[0025] Third, this utility model uses roller chains and lifting plate chains to realize the raising and lowering of the fork head. When using chain drive, the elongation of the chain itself can be ignored, and the height control of raising and lowering is more precise. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pure electric stacking forklift in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the pure electric stacking forklift in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electric drive unit in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper sprocket assembly in this utility model.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pure electric stacking forklift in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the pure electric stacking forklift in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electric drive unit in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Body; 11. Motor; 12. Reducer; 13. Drive sprocket; 14. Brake; 15. Encoder; 16. Drum; 2. Outer mast; 21. Outer mast lifting chain hole; 22. Upper sprocket assembly; 221. Sprocket body; 222. Bearing; 223. Intermediate shaft; 224. Bracket; 225. Bolt; 23. Roller chain; 24. Lower sprocket assembly; 25. Wire rope; 26. Guide pulley; 3. Inner mast; 31. Hanging chain plate; 32. Inner mast sprocket; 33. Lifting plate chain; 4. Fork head; 41. Fork head lifting chain hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] Reference Figures 1-4 A pure electric stacking forklift includes a body 1 and forks 4. An electric drive unit is installed on the body 1. The electric drive unit includes a motor 11 and a reducer 12. The reducer 12 is fixedly installed on the body 1. The motor 11 is connected to the reducer 12. The output shafts on both sides of the reducer 12 are connected to drive sprockets 13. Specifically, one end of the output shaft of the motor 11 is splined connected to the reducer 12, and the other end is splined connected to the brake 14.

[0037] The power unit used to control the rise and fall of the fork 4 adopts an electric drive unit, which is set on the vehicle body 1. The structure is compact and easy to observe and maintain. The electric drive, along with the sprocket and chain, drives the fork 4 to rise and fall. During use, the daily wear is very small and the maintenance frequency is very low.

[0038] The output shaft of the motor 11 is connected to the brake 14. When the brake 14 is opened, the output shaft of the motor 11 can be locked.

[0039] An encoder 15 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 11 to measure the number of rotations of the motor 11. The height of the fork 4 rising and falling is measured based on the number of rotations of the output shaft of the motor 11.

[0040] An outer mast 2 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 1. An inner mast 3 can roll up and down with the first roller track inside the outer mast 2 via rollers. A fork head 4 can roll up and down with the second roller track inside the inner mast 3 via rollers.

[0041] The electric drive unit is connected to the lifting unit, and the electric drive unit drives the inner mast 3 and fork 4 to rise through the lifting unit. The inner mast 3 and fork 4 fall due to their own gravity.

[0042] The lifting unit is connected to an electric drive unit, which in turn drives the fork 4 to rise. Electric drive eliminates the need for a hydraulic system, avoiding the problems associated with hydraulic systems. This offers the following advantages: First, without a hydraulic system, there is no risk of oil leakage, making it more environmentally friendly; second, positioning and speed control are more precise, with faster response and unaffected by ambient temperature; third, there is no hydraulic shock, resulting in smoother operation; fourth, there is no hydraulic circuit loss, leading to higher energy efficiency and greater energy savings; and finally, there is no need for regular replacement of hydraulic oil and seals, simplifying use and maintenance.

[0043] The lifting unit includes a drive sprocket 13, and the two output shafts in the reducer 12 are connected to the drive sprocket 13 via a flat key.

[0044] An upper sprocket assembly 22 is fixed above the outer gantry 2, and a lower sprocket assembly 24 is fixed below the outer gantry 2. A roller chain 23 passes around the drive sprocket 13, the upper sprocket assembly 22, and the lower sprocket assembly 24. The beginning and end of the roller chain 23 are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the inner hanging chain plate 31 inside the inner gantry 3. The hanging chain plate 31 is fixed to the inner gantry 3 by welding. It should be noted that there are two roller chains 23, and the two roller chains 23 are respectively connected to the two drive sprockets 13.

[0045] The fork head 4 is provided with a fork head lifting chain hole 41, the outer mast 2 is provided with an outer mast lifting chain hole 21, the inner mast 3 is equipped with an inner mast sprocket 32, and the lifting plate chain 33 is connected to the inner mast sprocket 32, with one end fixed at the outer mast lifting chain hole 21 and the other end fixed at the fork head lifting chain hole 41.

[0046] By adding a motor 11, a reducer 12 (since the load of the inner mast 3 does not need to be considered at the fork head 4, the size of the motor 11 and reducer 12 can be made smaller and easier to arrange), and a roller chain 23 at the body 1 and fork head 4, it can be expanded into a fully free mast, with a wider range of applications.

[0047] The vehicle body 1 supplies power and control signals to the motor 11, causing the motor 11 to rotate at high speed. The speed is reduced and the torque is increased by the reducer 12. The torque is transmitted to the drive sprocket 13, which rotates at a set speed and provides a larger torque. At this time, the roller chain 23, driven by the drive sprocket 13, pulls the inner mast 3 to rise. The inner mast sprocket 32 ​​on the inner mast 3 acts as a movable pulley. Under the pulling of the lifting plate chain 33, the fork head 4 rises at twice the speed of the inner mast 3.

[0048] The fork head 4 is raised and lowered by roller chain 23 and lifting plate chain 33. When using chain drive, the elongation of the chain itself is negligible, and the height control of raising and lowering is more precise.

[0049] Correspondingly, when the motor 11 rotates in the opposite direction according to the command, the inner mast 3 and the fork 4 descend under their own weight.

[0050] The fork head 4 can be a three-way fork head 4, which can be changed in direction as needed, and is suitable for material handling in narrow roads in factory areas and warehouses.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper sprocket assembly 22 includes a sprocket body 221, an intermediate shaft 223 is inserted into the sprocket body 221, the intermediate shaft 223 is connected to the sprocket body 221 through a bearing 222, and the two ends of the intermediate shaft 223 are respectively inserted into two brackets 224, and each bracket 224 has a bolt 225 inserted into it.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] Reference Figures 4-7 A pure electric stacking forklift includes a body 1 and forks 4. An electric drive unit is installed on the body 1. The electric drive unit includes a motor 11 and a reducer 12. The reducer 12 is fixedly installed on the body 1. The motor 11 is connected to the reducer 12. Specifically, one end of the output shaft of the motor 11 is splinedly connected to the reducer 12, and the other end is splinedly connected to the brake 14.

[0054] The output shaft of the motor 11 is connected to the brake 14. When the brake 14 is opened, the output shaft of the motor 11 can be locked.

[0055] An encoder 15 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 11 to measure the number of rotations of the motor 11. The encoder 15 measures the height of the fork 4 when it rises or falls based on the number of rotations of the output shaft of the motor 11.

[0056] An outer mast 2 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 1. An inner mast 3 can roll up and down with the first roller track inside the outer mast 2 via rollers. A fork head 4 can roll up and down with the second roller track inside the inner mast 3 via rollers.

[0057] The electric drive unit is connected to the lifting unit, and the electric drive unit drives the inner mast 3 and fork 4 to rise through the lifting unit. The inner mast 3 and fork 4 fall due to their own gravity.

[0058] The lifting unit can also adopt the following structure: the lifting unit includes a drum 16, which is connected to the output shaft of the reducer 12. There are two drums 16, and the two drums 16 are respectively connected to the two output shafts of the reducer 12. A steel wire rope 25 is wound on the drum 16. The other end of the steel wire rope 25 passes around the guide pulley 26 and is connected to the inner gantry 3. Specifically, the other end of the steel wire rope 25 is connected to the hanging chain plate 31 in the inner gantry 3. The electric drive unit drives the drum 16 to rotate, thereby allowing the steel wire rope 25 to be wound around the outside of the drum 16 or to be unwound. The steel wire rope 25 connected to the drum 16 is wound on it. The steel wire rope 25 can pull the inner gantry 3 and the fork head 4 to move upward. When the steel wire rope 25 is unwound, the inner gantry 3 and the fork head 4 fall under their own gravity.

[0059] The fork head 4 is provided with a fork head lifting chain hole 41, the outer mast 2 is provided with an outer mast lifting chain hole 21, the inner mast 3 is equipped with an inner mast sprocket 32, and the lifting plate chain 33 is connected to the inner mast sprocket 32, with one end fixed at the outer mast lifting chain hole 21 and the other end fixed at the fork head lifting chain hole 41.

[0060] When it is necessary to move the fork head 4 upward, the motor 11 in the electric drive unit drives the drum 16 to rotate in the forward direction, winding the steel wire rope 25. The steel wire rope 25 pulls the inner mast 3 and the fork head 4 upward. During the upward process, the fork head 4 is lifted at twice the speed of the inner mast 3 through components such as the inner mast sprocket 32 ​​and the lifting plate chain 33, and finally the fork head 4 is raised to the designated height.

[0061] When the motor 11 in the electric drive unit rotates in the reverse direction according to the command, the inner mast 3 and the fork 4 descend under their own weight.

[0062] The fork head 4 can be a three-way fork head 4, which can be changed in direction as needed, and is suitable for material handling in narrow roads in factory areas and warehouses.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper sprocket assembly 22 includes a sprocket body 221, an intermediate shaft 223 is inserted into the sprocket body 221, the intermediate shaft 223 is connected to the sprocket body 221 through a bearing 222, and the two ends of the intermediate shaft 223 are respectively inserted into two brackets 224, and each bracket 224 has a bolt 225 inserted into it.

[0064] Working principle:

[0065] The motor 11 is connected to the reducer 12 and fixed to the forklift body 1. Drive sprockets 13 are connected to the output shafts on both sides of the reducer 12. Upper sprocket assemblies 22 and lower sprocket assemblies 24 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower crossbeams of the outer mast 2. The roller chain 23 passes over three sets of sprockets (drive sprockets 13, upper sprocket assembly 22, and lower sprocket assembly 24), and its first and last ends are fixed to the inner mast 3. The lifting plate chain 33 crosses the inner mast sprocket 32 ​​on the inner mast 3, and its two ends are connected to the outer mast 2 and the fork head 4 respectively.

[0066] After the motor 11 is powered on and started, the speed is reduced and the torque is amplified by the reducer 12, which drives the drive sprocket 13 to rotate. The drive sprocket 13 drives the roller chain 23 to move. When the roller chain 23 moves, it can pull the inner mast 3 connected to it to lift. During the lifting process of the inner mast 3, the inner mast sprocket 32 ​​inside it acts as a movable pulley. Under the pull of the lifting plate chain 33, the fork head 4 lifts at twice the speed of the inner mast 3. When lowering, it is achieved by reversing the motor 11. The lifting and lowering are both controlled by the motor 11, and the speed is stable, reliable and easy to adjust. At the same time, a brake 14 is arranged at the end of the motor 11, which can reliably stop at any lifting or lowering position. An encoder 15 is connected to the output shaft above the motor 11. The encoder 15 reads the speed of the motor 11 and the number of rotations of the output shaft of the motor 11, and determines the lifting and lowering height of the fork head 4 by these values.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pure electric stacker truck comprising a vehicle body (1), a fork head (4), characterized in that, The electric drive unit is installed on the vehicle body (1), and comprises a motor (11) and a speed reducer (12), wherein the speed reducer (12) is installed on the vehicle body (1), and the motor (11) is connected with the speed reducer (12); The output shaft of the motor (11) is connected with a brake (14), and the brake (14) can lock the output shaft of the motor (11) when it is opened; The output shaft of the motor (11) is provided with an encoder (15) for measuring the number of rotations of the motor (11); The outer portal (2) is fixedly installed on the vehicle body (1), the inner portal (3) can roll up and down on the first rolling way in the outer portal (2) through a roller, and the fork head (4) is connected with the inner portal (3). The electric drive unit is connected with the lifting unit, and the electric drive unit drives the inner portal (3) and the fork head (4) to lift and fall through the lifting unit.

2. The all-electric stacker truck of claim 1, wherein, One end of the output shaft of the motor (11) is connected with the speed reducer (12) through a spline, and the other end is connected with the brake (14) through a spline.

3. The all-electric stacker truck of claim 1, wherein, The lifting unit comprises a driving sprocket (13), both output shafts in the speed reducer (12) are connected with the driving sprocket (13) through a key, and the fork head (4) can roll up and down on the second rolling way in the inner portal (3) through a roller.

4. The all-electric stacker truck of claim 3, wherein, The upper sprocket assembly (22) is fixedly installed above the outer portal (2), the lower sprocket assembly (24) is fixedly installed below the outer portal (2), the roller chain (23) passes through the driving sprocket (13), the upper sprocket assembly (22) and the lower sprocket assembly (24), and the first and last ends of the roller chain (23) are fixed on the upper and lower sides of the hanging chain plate (31) in the inner portal (3).

5. An electric only counterbalanced fork lift truck as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that, The hanging chain plate (31) is fixedly connected with the inner portal (3) through welding, and the roller chain (23) is provided with two, and the two roller chains (23) are respectively connected with the two driving sprockets (13).

6. An all-electric stacker truck as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that, The fork head (4) is provided with a fork head lifting chain hole (41), and the outer portal (2) is provided with an outer portal lifting chain hole (21).

7. An electric only counterbalanced fork lift truck as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that, The inner portal chain wheel (32) is installed on the inner portal (3), the lifting plate chain (33) is connected with the inner portal chain wheel (32), one end of the lifting plate chain (33) is fixed at the outer portal lifting chain hole (21), and the other end is fixed at the fork head lifting chain hole (41).

8. An electric only counterbalanced fork truck according to claim 7, wherein, The upper sprocket assembly (22) comprises a sprocket body (221), an intermediate shaft (223) is inserted into the sprocket body (221), and the intermediate shaft (223) is connected with the sprocket body (221) through a bearing (222).

9. An electric only counterbalanced straddle truck according to claim 8, characterised in that, The two ends of the intermediate shaft (223) are respectively inserted into two brackets (224), and a bolt (225) is inserted into each bracket (224).

10. The all-electric stacker truck of claim 1, wherein, The lifting unit comprises a winding drum (16), a steel wire rope (25) is wound on the winding drum (16), the two winding drums (16) are respectively connected with the two output shafts of the speed reducer (12) through a key, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the inner portal (3).

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