Drainage device suitable for tunnel portal end wall

Abstract

A drainage device suitable for a tunnel portal end wall comprises a water drainage pipe, and the water drainage pipe further comprises a sleeve and an inner connecting pipe. Outer leakage holes are formed in the pipe wall of the sleeve, an extending opening allowing the inner connecting pipe to extend into is formed in one end of the sleeve, the inner connecting pipe comprises a connecting part and an inclined extending part, the connecting part is detachably connected with the sleeve, inner leakage holes are formed in the pipe wall of the connecting part, and the extending direction of the inclined extending part and the extending direction of the connecting part are inclined. The maintenance cost and the construction difficulty of the end wall drainage device can be effectively reduced, the reliability and the stability of a drainage system are improved, the service life of a tunnel is prolonged, and smooth and safe traffic operation is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to tunnel construction technical field, concretely relates to the drainage structure design at the end wall position of tunnel portal. BACKGROUND

[0002] The tunnel structure is composed of the main building and the auxiliary equipment, wherein the main building includes the tunnel body and the portal. The portal is the key structure connecting the tunnel lining and the roadbed outside the tunnel, and is the throat part of the tunnel. The main function of the tunnel portal is to reduce the earthwork excavation amount of the portal, stabilize the side and the slope, and lead away the surface water flow. The end wall is an important part of the portal, and acts as a retaining wall of the tunnel portal, which can effectively block the mountain and the slope to avoid the collapse of the portal and the rockfall. In the tunnel engineering construction, the drainage problem is very important, which is directly related to the structural safety and the service life of the tunnel. The performance of the drainage system behind the portal end wall is directly related to the stability and the durability of the tunnel. However, if the drainage measures behind the end wall are not in place, the surface water and the underground water cannot be discharged in time, which will cause the water leakage of the portal wall. Especially in the case that the underground water of the soil body behind the end wall is abundant and the surface water collecting ditch is not smooth, the water leakage of the portal wall will be more serious, which will further damage the tunnel structure.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with the publication number CN210460755U discloses a tunnel end wall type heat preservation center water ditch water outlet, and the drainage structure thereof includes a drainage pipe, a water outlet elbow connected outside the end wall by the drainage pipe, and an outer wall drainage groove below the end wall of the water outlet elbow. The drainage pipe is a circular pipe composed of a reinforced concrete pipe and a multi-layer heat preservation, waterproof and heating structure. During the drainage process, the accumulated water in the tunnel is first discharged through the drainage pipe, the drainage pipe is connected to the water outlet elbow outside the end wall, the water flows through the elbow to the drainage groove, and finally is discharged into the roadbed side ditch. In combination with the outer heat preservation layer of the tunnel portal roadbed slope, the heat preservation plate and other structures, the entire drainage system can also operate efficiently in cold regions, realizes the smooth discharge of the accumulated water in the tunnel, and effectively guarantees the structural safety and the operation safety of the tunnel.

[0004] However, in this technical solution, the end wall drainage pipe is difficult to maintain after being blocked. During use, the drainage pipe is easily blocked and finally fails due to the invasion of soil debris and the deposition of water mineral crystals. Once the failure occurs, it is extremely difficult to dredge and clean because the blockage is deep inside the pipe, and the existing drainage pipe is difficult to disassemble and replace, so that the cleaning work is difficult to implement. Therefore, in general, once the drainage pipe fails, it is difficult to restore its function. If the accumulated water behind the end wall is to be effectively discharged, a new drainage pipe needs to be installed. This not only increases the additional engineering cost and construction difficulty, but also may have an adverse effect on the normal operation of the tunnel. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] In view of the above defects of the prior art, the tunnel portal end wall drainage device can effectively reduce the maintenance cost and construction difficulty of the end wall drainage device, improve the reliability and stability of the drainage system, prolong the service life of the tunnel, and ensure the smoothness and safety of traffic operation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A drainage device suitable for a tunnel portal end wall, comprising a drain pipe, the drain pipe comprising a sleeve pipe and an inner connecting pipe; an outer leakage hole is formed in the pipe wall of the sleeve pipe, an extension inlet for the inner connecting pipe to extend into is formed in one end of the sleeve pipe, the inner connecting pipe comprises a connecting part and an inclined extension part, the connecting part is detachably connected with the sleeve pipe, an inner leakage hole is formed in the pipe wall of the connecting part, and the extension direction of the inclined extension part is obliquely arranged relative to the extension direction of the connecting part.

[0008] When installed, a hole is drilled at a position 30cm to 50cm away from the ground of the end wall (the specific position is determined according to the position of water seepage, and the height of the drilling position should not exceed the position of water seepage), the hole diameter should be larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve pipe but should not exceed the outer diameter of the sleeve pipe by 1cm. Then, the connecting part of the inner connecting pipe is inserted into the sleeve pipe and detachably connected therewith, and the inclined extension part is in communication with the external environment. An outer leakage hole is formed in the pipe wall of the sleeve pipe after the sleeve pipe is inserted into the mountain part behind the wall, so that the underground water in the mountain part can seep into the inside of the sleeve pipe. Correspondingly, the connecting part of the inner connecting pipe is also provided with an inner leakage hole in the pipe wall of the mountain part behind the wall, so as to facilitate the underground water in the sleeve pipe to flow into the inner connecting pipe and then be smoothly discharged through the inclined extension part. When the drain pipe is blocked and fails after being used for a period of time, the inner connecting pipe can be removed and cleaned or replaced.

[0009] The utility model drain pipe is composed of a sleeve pipe and an inner connecting pipe which is detachably connected inside the sleeve pipe. Different from the traditional fixed drain pipe, under the premise of ensuring the normal use of the drain pipe, when blockage occurs and maintenance or replacement is needed, the connection between the sleeve pipe and the inner connecting pipe is only needed to be released, and then the inner connecting pipe is removed, so that cleaning or replacement can be performed. The maintenance cost and construction difficulty are significantly reduced, the daily maintenance is more convenient and efficient, the inconvenience caused by complex maintenance is reduced, and thus the overall operation efficiency and safety are improved.

[0010] As a preferred, a filter wrapping part is arranged between the connecting part and the sleeve pipe.

[0011] The filter wrapping part such as a sandstone filter part, a filter geotextile and the like is wrapped outside the connecting part and then inserted into the sleeve pipe, so as to effectively filter the soil sundries and sediment impurities in the sleeve pipe, significantly reduce the blockage phenomenon of the drain pipe caused by the impurities, effectively reduce the maintenance frequency and cost of the drain pipe, and ensure the stability of the drainage system.

[0012] As a preferred, the filter bag is a filter geotextile.

[0013] Compared with other filter materials, the filter geotextile has superior filtering performance, can effectively intercept impurities and silt, and prevent the drainage system from being blocked; has strong durability, can work stably for a long time under different soil and water conditions, has a service life far exceeding that of traditional sand gravel and other filter layers, greatly reduces the maintenance and replacement costs; has light and thin texture, convenient construction, can closely fit various complex base surfaces, can greatly shorten the construction period, and better play the filtering role.

[0014] As a preferred, the inner wall bottom of the connecting part is provided with a pressure sensor.

[0015] The pressure sensor is a device for monitoring pressure changes in the pipeline system. It can be installed at different positions of the pipeline to determine whether there is a blockage in the pipeline by measuring the pressure value. By installing a pressure sensor at the bottom of the inner connecting pipe connecting part, the pressure change of the pipeline can be monitored in real time. Once an anomaly is found, it can quickly warn and prompt maintenance personnel to handle the problem, avoid complete blockage of the pipeline, and ensure normal operation of the system. At the same time, the setting of the pressure sensor can greatly reduce the workload and frequency of traditional manual inspection, and improve management efficiency.

[0016] As a preferred, the sleeve and the connecting part are threadedly connected.

[0017] For the tubular structure of the outer pipe and the connecting part, compared with other connection methods, the threaded connection occupies less space, can make the overall design more compact, and can ensure that the two are connected firmly and stably. A certain length of thread can enhance the ability to resist vibration and impact, so that the connection is still tight under dynamic load, which is an effective connection method to improve the stability and reliability of the structure. After inserting the connecting part into the sleeve, continue to screw the inner connecting pipe, so that the outer thread is engaged with the inner thread of the sleeve, until the outer thread is completely screwed into the sleeve, realizing the tight connection of the two. When the drainage pipe is blocked and fails after being used for a period of time, the inner connecting pipe can be easily disassembled by reversing the rotation of the inner connecting pipe, so as to clean or replace it.

[0018] As a preferred, the sleeve comprises a reinforced concrete outer pipe and a PVC inner pipe, and the inner connecting pipe is a PVC pipe.

[0019] In view of the fact that the sleeve needs to bear the weight of the mountain and the tunnel and also needs to have durability, the outer layer thereof is made of reinforced concrete pipe with high compressive strength. The PVC pipe has the characteristics of strong corrosion resistance and light weight, which not only facilitates installation and disassembly, but also effectively reduces the construction difficulty and cost, and the smooth inner wall of the PVC pipe helps smooth water flow, reduces the risk of blockage, and facilitates daily cleaning and maintenance. Therefore, the inner connecting pipe is made of PVC pipe. In addition, since the reinforced concrete pipe is hard in material, if it is directly detachably connected with the PVC inner connecting pipe, the connecting structure is likely to be damaged, thereby failing to smoothly disassemble the inner connecting pipe. In order to avoid this problem, a PVC inner pipe is arranged inside the reinforced concrete outer pipe as a component of the sleeve.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the sleeve comprises a main body portion and a structural adhesive application portion, and the structural adhesive application portion is closer to the insertion opening than the main body portion.

[0021] The structural adhesive can bond the sleeve and the end wall together to form an integral structure, effectively improving the stability and bearing capacity of the structure. During construction, the sleeve needs to be installed into the prepared hole after the structural adhesive is applied to the outer wall of the sleeve, and the adhesive application position needs to avoid the outer leakage hole section. After the structural adhesive hardens, the connecting portion is inserted.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the outer leakage hole is larger than the diameter of the inner leakage hole.

[0023] In order to ensure timely and effective drainage, the sleeve is provided with a larger outer leakage hole to provide a larger water passage cross section, so that the water flow can quickly pass into the inner connecting pipe, avoiding the restriction of small aperture on water flow. The large aperture of the sleeve not only promotes the initial rapid drainage, but also preliminarily blocks large particles from entering the inner connecting pipe. The inner leakage hole further filters small impurities to reduce the risk of blockage and ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the extension direction of the inclined extension portion is perpendicular to the extension direction of the connecting portion.

[0025] When the connecting portion is completely inserted into the sleeve, the inclined extension portion of the inner connecting pipe extends downward perpendicularly to the connecting portion. This design reduces the resistance to water flow, ensures smoother water flow, effectively improves the drainage efficiency, and avoids the problem of water accumulation caused by blockage or slow flow.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the inner connecting pipe further comprises a corrugated portion between the connecting portion and the inclined extension portion.

[0027] The structure of the corrugated portion makes the inner connecting pipe bendable. During cleaning and maintenance, the user can flexibly adjust the angle of the inner connecting pipe according to actual needs, and easily complete the maintenance work with the cleaning tool. This can effectively improve the maintenance efficiency and ensure the convenience of the cleaning process.

[0028] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The drainage pipe adopts a detachable connection of sleeve and inner pipe, which makes it easy to disassemble and maintain even if it is blocked by soil debris intrusion and mineral crystal deposition in the water, effectively reducing the maintenance cost and construction difficulty of the end wall drainage device.

[0030] 2. A filter geotextile is installed between the connection and the sleeve, which can effectively filter soil debris and sediment in the sleeve, significantly reducing the blockage of the drain pipe caused by impurities. This can effectively reduce the maintenance frequency and cost of the drain pipe and ensure the stability of the drainage system.

[0031] 3. A pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the connection. This allows for real-time monitoring of pipeline pressure changes, promptly alerting maintenance personnel to address issues and preventing complete pipeline blockage. Furthermore, the pressure sensor significantly reduces the workload and frequency of traditional manual inspections, improving management efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle sleeve structure;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal pipe structure.

[0035] in:

[0036] 1-Drainage pipe; 11-Casing; 111-External leakage hole; 112-Internal thread; 113-Reinforced concrete outer pipe; 114-PVC inner pipe; 12-Inner connection; 121-Connecting part; 122-Angled extension; 123-Internal leakage hole; 124-External thread; 125-Corrugated part; 2-Pressure sensor; 3-Filter wrapping; 4-End wall; 5-Mountain behind the wall. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the technical means, inventive features, objectives, and effects of this utility model readily understandable, the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations. However, this utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0038] It is to be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are merely used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the present specification for the understanding and reading of those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present application, and therefore do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 , the main mechanism components include a drain pipe 1, a pressure sensor 2, and a reverse filtration wrapping 3. As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the drain pipe 1 includes a sleeve 11 and an inner connecting pipe 12. Specifically, the sleeve 11 has an outer leakage hole 111 formed in the pipe wall of the part inserted into the mountain body 5 of the end wall 4, so that the underground water in the mountain body can seep into the inside of the sleeve 11; and one end of the sleeve 11 is provided with a stretching inlet for the inner connecting pipe 12 to extend into, and the sleeve 11 further includes a main body part and a structural adhesive application part, and the structural adhesive application part is closer to the stretching inlet than the main body part, and is tightly connected with the end wall 4. During installation, a hole is first drilled at a position 30-50 cm away from the ground of the end wall 4, and the specific position is determined according to the seepage position, the height of the drilling position should not exceed the seepage position, and the hole diameter should be larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve 11, but should not exceed 1 cm of the outer diameter of the sleeve 11. Then, the structural adhesive is applied to the structural adhesive application part of the sleeve 11 before it is installed into the prepared hole, and the glue application position should avoid the outer leakage hole 111 section. The structural adhesive can make the sleeve 11 and the end wall 4 integrated into a whole structure, and the inner connecting pipe 12 is inserted into the stretching inlet after the structural adhesive hardens. Further, in view of the fact that the sleeve 11 needs to bear the weight of the mountain body and the tunnel and also needs to consider durability, in the present embodiment, the outer layer of the sleeve 11 is selected to be a reinforced concrete outer pipe 113 with high compressive strength. The PVC pipe has the characteristics of strong corrosion resistance and light weight, which not only facilitates installation and disassembly, but also effectively reduces the construction difficulty and cost, and the smooth inner wall of the PVC pipe helps the smooth flow of water, reduces the risk of blockage, and facilitates daily cleaning and maintenance. Therefore, the inner connecting pipe 12 is made of PVC pipe. In addition, since the reinforced concrete outer pipe 113 is relatively hard in material, if it is directly detachably connected with the PVC inner connecting pipe 12, it is easy to cause damage to the connection structure, thereby failing to smoothly disassemble the inner connecting pipe 12. In order to avoid this problem, a PVC inner pipe 114 is arranged in the inner layer of the reinforced concrete outer pipe 113.

[0041] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the inner pipe 12 comprises a connecting part 121 and an inclined part 122; the connecting part 121 is detachably connected with the sleeve pipe 11, and the extension direction of the inclined part 122 is arranged obliquely to the extension direction of the connecting part 121 and is in communication with the external environment. Specifically, the connecting part 121 is also provided with an inner leakage hole 123 on the pipe wall located in the part of the mountain body 5 behind the wall, so as to facilitate the underground water in the sleeve pipe 11 to flow into the connecting part 121 and then be smoothly discharged through the inclined part 122. Among them, the detachable connection between the connecting part 121 and the sleeve pipe 11 can be in the form of buckle, latch, etc., and in this embodiment, threaded connection is adopted. For this tubular structure of the outer pipe 11 and the connecting part 121, compared with other connection modes, threaded connection occupies less space, can make the overall design more compact, and can ensure firm and stable connection between the two. And a certain length of thread can enhance the ability to resist vibration and impact, so that the connection is still tight under dynamic load, which is an effective connection mode to improve the stability and reliability of the structure. After the connecting part 121 is inserted into the sleeve pipe 11, the inner pipe 12 is continuously screwed, so that the tight connection between the two can be realized. When the drain pipe 1 appears to be blocked and fails after being used for a period of time, the inner pipe 12 can be easily disassembled by reversing the rotation of the inner pipe 12, so as to clean or replace it. In addition, in order to ensure timely and effective drainage, the sleeve pipe 11 is provided with a larger outer leakage hole 111, which can provide a larger water passage section to enable the water flow to quickly pass into the inner pipe 12. The large aperture of the sleeve pipe 11 not only promotes the initial rapid drainage, but also preliminarily blocks large-particle impurities to prevent them from entering the inner pipe 12. The inner leakage hole 123 is relatively smaller than the outer leakage hole 111, which can further filter small impurities and reduce the risk of blockage, so as to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system. In this embodiment, the inner pipe 12 also comprises a corrugated part 125 located between the connecting part 121 and the inclined part 122. The structure of the corrugated part 125 enables the inner pipe 12 to be bendable. During use and maintenance, the user can flexibly adjust the angle of the inner pipe 12 according to actual needs, and easily complete the maintenance work with the cleaning tool, which can effectively improve the maintenance efficiency and ensure the convenience of the cleaning process.

[0042] As Figure 1As shown, the connection part 121 and the sleeve 11 are provided with a filter wrap 3. The filter wrap 3 such as sand filter, filter cloth and the like is wrapped outside the connection part 121, and then inserted into the sleeve 11, which can effectively filter the impurities such as soil impurities and sediments in the sleeve 11, significantly reduce the blockage of the drain pipe 1 caused by impurities, effectively reduce the maintenance frequency and cost of the drain pipe 1, and ensure the stability of the drainage system. In this embodiment, the filter wrap 3 is a filter cloth; compared with other filter materials, the filter cloth has superior filtering performance, can effectively intercept impurities and silt, and prevent the drainage system from being blocked; and it has strong durability and can work stably for a long time under different soil and water conditions, with a service life far exceeding that of traditional sand and gravel filter layer, greatly reducing the maintenance and replacement cost; and it is light and thin in texture, convenient to construct, can closely fit various complex base surfaces, can greatly shorten the construction period, and better play the filtering role.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1 The inner wall of the connection part 121 is also provided with a pressure sensor 2. The pressure sensor is a device for monitoring the pressure change in the pipeline system. By installing it at different positions of the pipeline, the pressure changes at different positions can be monitored at the same time, and whether there is a blockage in the pipeline can be judged by measuring the pressure value. Once an abnormality is found, it can quickly give an early warning and prompt maintenance personnel to handle the problem in time to avoid complete blockage of the pipeline and ensure normal operation of the system. At the same time, the setting of the pressure sensor can greatly reduce the workload and frequency of traditional manual inspection and improve management efficiency.

[0044] Embodiment 2:

[0045] As shown in Figure 3 As shown, the inner connector 12 also includes a corrugated part 125, and the structure of the corrugated part 125 makes the inner connector 12 bendable. However, the structure of the inner connector 12 may be damaged during repeated bending. Therefore, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the extension direction of the inclined extension part 122 is fixed and perpendicular to the extension direction of the connection part 121. When the connection part 121 is completely inserted into the sleeve 11, the inclined extension part 122 of the inner connector 12 extends downward perpendicularly to the connection part 121, which reduces the resistance to water flow, ensures smoother water flow, and avoids repeated bending, thereby better protecting the normal use of the inner connector 12.

Claims

1. A drainage device suitable for use in a tunnel portal end wall, comprising a drain pipe (1), characterised in that: The drain pipe (1) comprises a sleeve (11) and an inner connecting pipe (12); an outer leakage hole (111) is formed on the pipe wall of the sleeve (11), and an extension inlet for the inner connecting pipe (12) to extend into is formed at one end of the sleeve (11); the inner connecting pipe (12) comprises a connecting part (121) and an oblique extension part (122), the connecting part (121) is detachably connected with the sleeve (11), an inner leakage hole (123) is formed on the pipe wall of the connecting part (121), and the extension direction of the oblique extension part (122) is obliquely arranged relative to the extension direction of the connecting part (121).

2. The drainage device for the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reverse filtration wrapping part (3) is arranged between the connecting part (121) and the sleeve (11).

3. The drainage device for the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reverse filtration wrapping part (3) is a reverse filtration geotextile.

4. The drainage device for the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (2) is mounted on the inner wall bottom of the connecting part (121).

5. The drainage device for the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (11) and the connecting part (121) are screw-connected.

6. The drainage device for the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (11) comprises an outer layer of reinforced concrete outer pipe (113) and an inner layer of PVC inner pipe (114), and the inner connecting pipe (12) is a PVC pipe.

7. The drainage device for the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (11) comprises a main body part and a structural adhesive smearing part, and the structural adhesive smearing part is closer to the extension inlet than the main body part.

8. The drainage device for the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the outer leakage hole (111) is larger than the aperture of the inner leakage hole (123).

9. The drainage device suitable for use in the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension direction of the oblique extension part (122) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the connecting part (121).

10. The drainage device suitable for use in the end wall of a tunnel portal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner connecting pipe (12) further comprises a corrugated part (125) between the connecting part (121) and the oblique extension part (122).

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